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THE EVENING STAR With Snnday Morning Edition THEODORE W. NOYES. Editor WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY--January SI, 1938 Tho Evening Star Newspaper Company Main OSes: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. Now York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chleaco Office: 436 North Michigan Ava. Delivered by Carrier—City and Suburban Regalar Edition Evening and Sunday.06c per mo. or 16c per week The Evening Star._.45c per mo. or 10c per week The Sunday Star.*__6c per copy Night Final Edition Night Final and Sunday Star..__70c per month Night Final Star.. 65c per month . 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The Council will today discuss a resolu tion sponsored by Great Britain, Rus sia and France, purporting to pledge International aid to the victims of Japanese aggression. Although For eign Secretary Eden and his French and Soviet colleagues, M. Delbos and Mr. Litvinoff, have already watered down the plan, largely because of Polish objections, to the point of platonic in nocuousness, even its adoption appears to depend upon the United States’ readi ness to Join in a typical Geneva gesture that would commit nobody to anything. Eight years ago this winter Japanese activities in China also occupied the League's attention. Nippon’s guns were blazing at Shanghai and her armies were occupying Manchuria. The shoe was on the other foot. It was the United States which sought the co-operation of Ge neva powers in resisting Japan's aggres iion. But Secretary Stimson's proposals, acceptance of which might well have averted the crisis the world now faces In Asia, were spurned. British Foreign Secretary Sir John Simon would have' none of them. As Washington is blessed with a longer memory than Geneva, it is not eurprising to learn that both Secretary Hull and Senator Pittman, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Commit tee. deride the idea of American par ticipation in any League-hatched scheme for aid to China, even though President Roosevelt four months ago talked about "concerted effort” and "quarantines.” This country contemplates no change in its hands-off policy in the Far East. It will be confined to impartiality as be tween the belligerents and to protection of American life, property and rights in the war zones. Britain, France and Russia, for rea sons of their own—mainly, the risks they would incur in weakening their military snd naval strength in Europe—clearly would like the United States to bear the lion's share of any armed help for China. They, of course, are , chasing moon beams. But Mr. Stimson, shortly after the ‘quarantine" speech at Chicago, submitted a thought still worthy of the League's consideration and of our own. “China's principal need,” he said, “is not that something be done by other nations to help her, but that outside nations should cease helping her en emy”—that is, stop supplying Japan with raw materials and foreign credits which •lone permit her to go on waging war. Dogs will not be allowed to play in Greenbelt, Md., until the town is fully populated and then only if permitted to do so by the votes of the people. The race horse will be active in the neigh borhood regardless of personal per missions. Some Philadelphia girls are engaged In a demonstration favoring the sale of ■ilk stockings. The test so far has only promoted a conviction that other fabrics look quite as well. Mussolini worked hard to establish Fascism in his country. As time goes he decides to leave airship exploits to his •on. Troy Kinney. The etcher Troy Kinney was in Amer ica what the painter Degas was in France. Each found in the art of danc ing a theme—a living spirit—to be studied •nd interpreted. The former, however, frankly loved Terpsichore and brought to her service a gentle and gracious technical skill; the latter permitted his heart to be less definitely engaged and was content to wield a heavy impression istic brush. But such comparisons are unnecessary •s well as unkind. What needs to be said •t the moment when Mr. Kinney rests is that he merited the popularity which his work enjoyed in the judgment of a public discriminating enbugh to be not too easily pleased. He was a draftsman of un doubted genius; his plates showed the touch of a hand truthful and sure; the eye that witnessed the “poetry of mo tion” was correlated to a mind compe tent to direct fingers trained to sketch with veracity, courage and a certain natural charm which was distinctively their own. In the best achievement of his career Mr. Kinney also was fortunate in the assistance of his talented wife, the former Margaret West. They wrote and Illustrated their history of dancing together. Probably most of the research labor required was Mrs. Kinney’s contri button. Her husband provided the pic torial portion of the book—downs of etchings of the great Pavlowa, Isadora Duncan and her troupe of lovely girls, Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Castle and many other famous personalities. The finished volume became a classic, as it richly de served to be, and still is a “best-seller” in its field. It would be a pity, though, if Mr. Kinney were remembered only for his devotion to the dance. He worshiped beauty in its every aspect and left thousands of drawings of architecture, landscape, still life, etc., dating back more than four decades. Even his news paper illustrations were notable. His powers must have been bom in him. His friends believed so, and they doubtless were Justified in their faith. An Appropriate Change. Now under consideration by the 8enate Judiciary Committee is a bill designed to free the Federal Courts of an ad ministrative and financial control by the executive branch of the Government which for many years has been a source of frequent embarrassment to all con cerned. Sponsored by the Department of Justice and introduced by Senator Ash hurst, committee chairman, the measure calls for creation of an administrative office under a director appointed by the Supreme Court, which would be the fiscal agency of all United States courts and entirely independent of executive control. The sole duty of the director would be to serve the courts, keep track of dockets, make recommendations re specting assignment of judges to meet changing conditions, and to ascertain the needs of each circuit and district and present those needs directly to Con gress without revision by the executive department, as at present. No power now vested by statute in the judiciary would be transferred to the new official, who would be the servant of the courts, charged with administer ing their fiscal business under the di rection of the Chief Justice and the Conference of Senior Circuit Court Judges. In the interest of an independent judi ciary and the impartial dispensation of justice, the Importance of this financial emancipation of the courts can scarcely be emphasized too greatly. “There is something inherently illogical in the present system of having the budget and expenditures of the courts and the in dividual judges under the jurisdiction of the Department of Justice,” said At torney General Cummings, who testi fied in favor of the bill. Of the truth of the Attorney General’s statement there can be little doubt. The illogic of put ting the purse strings of the courts in the hands of the agency which is the largest single litigant before them is evident. This is no implication, nor have the sponsors of the bill intended to imply that any Federal judge would so far forget his duty as to lean to the slightest degree toward the Government in grati tude for past favors or in hope of future preferment. Indeed, the absence of any suggestion of judicial unfairness is a tribute to the character of the judiciary and of the officials of the Department of Justice who have administered the affairs of the courts since 1880. Never theless, the impropriety of the situation is apparent. The Chinese people have never liked the Japs. The reason for the Mikado’s extraordinary seclusion becomes simpler when it is realized that a personal dis courtesy may be extended to citizens of another nation with attempts even to de fend it. What Japan’s public men are accused of telling their constituents justifies the Chinese without further argument in re fusing them unobstructed freedom in the management of human speech. The President’s birthday asserts itself as a reminder that there is an abund ance of money eager to be spent but re sentful of being wasted. “Too Narrow” Streets. One of the reasons frequently given for traffic congestion is that the streets are too narrow to accommodate the constantly increasing number of auto mobiles using them. The assertion car ries an implication that widening of the roadways would speed up the flow of traffic. But even wide streets, such as are generally characteristic of Washington, can be too narrow—and a recent article in the New Yorker Magazine succinctly explains why. The article, quoted in an editorial published by the Engineer ing News-Record, tells of a New York man who boasted he never paid garage rent or parking lot fees, yet used his car constantly. "Don’t you ever get a ticket?” he was asked. "Sure,” he said, “I get between none and two a month. I send a mes senger boy to Traffic Court with a dollar, the fine for parking overtime. The boy’s charge is 35 cents, so if I am unlucky, parking costs me $2.70 a month.” The New Yorker’s comment was: “And that, friends, is one reason evqjy street in town is narrower than it should be.” To which the Engineering News-Rec ord added: “But the porkers still per sist and hundreds of miles of street surface, located on the moat costly real estate in the world and improved at great expense to all the taxpayers, are smugly monopolized by a few . to the discomfiture and great cost of the many. But the few do save their parking fees.” These expressions are typical of the growing resentment of many citizens over pre-empting of public streets by all-day and all-night patters, not to mention the part-time variety. Motor-, ists are learning — sometimes under pressure of court decisions—that the public highways are built for the free flow of traffic and that no individual has a legal right to impede that flow. District authorities have indicated their Intention of drastically restricting parking on busy streets. Eventually parking may be banned altogether on certain streets, such action will be fully as effective as moving the curbs farther apart—and it will be cheaper in the end for all the taxpayers. Irresistible Forces. The power that is wrecking bridges at Niagara is the same which destroyed San Francisco in 1906, Chicago in 1871. It has many names, appears in numerous different aspects; but its effect invariably Is identic. Floods, earthquakes, fires, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, blizzards —all these spell ruin when the dynamic force represented in them is released to run wild. They are irresistible. Man governs them only in relatively minor degree. A mountain moving toward the ocean at Los Angeles listens to no argument. The Mississippi, carrying millions of tons of precious top soil to the Gulf of Mexico, heeds no prayer. It is useless to petition a tidal wave or a dust storm. Similarly, no human appeal could have stopped the iceberg which sank the Titanic in 1912 nor stayed the explosion which brought down the Hlndenburg in flames last year. The history of mankind might be written as a catalogue of vain attempts to con trol the universe. But, instead, it has been chronicled in terms of increasing facility, expanding capacity, growing talent for survival. The reason is plain enough—the race Is learning the lessons of its experience, discovering new techniques and new in struments of service, finding improved disciplines, developing better adjust ments, generating greater powers of its own. Perhaps the struggle is tedious, arduous and expensive. Let It be granted that it might be pleasant for the species to live in a cardboard paradise, unbothered and untroubled by any challenge from the cosmos. In such an Eden all would be peaceful and serene. But would it not likewise be monumentally dull? Some might answer in the negative. The majority, however, probably would rather risk occasional discomfort, even occa sional disaster, than willingly submit to being perpetually bored. Having assisted many players to celeb rity, Mr. Lee Shubert brings a group of actors in a successful play to the Presi dent's fight against infantile paralysis and becomes a celebrity himself. The collection of taxes must be re garded as especially expensive when it becomes necessary to compute not only the assessment but also the refund that will be due. Harvard University finds itself re quested for answers to questions as puzzling as some that were submitted in early stages of its history. The battle in the clouds continues to be a feature of activities around Spain. It will be stopped but Just how must be for events to decide. Japan may have to consult the psycho analysts to make it clear that what the public designates as war is only suicide on a grand scale. Mussolini has sent a son by airplane to South America, thus demonstrating his confidence that air travel properly super vised may be safe. Many points come up for inquiry. One of them is the slap as a signal in diplomatic intercourse. Shooting Stars. By PHILANDER JOHNSON. Brief Interval. Speed the way toward merry May When stormy skies are banished. So fast we stray upon our way A year too soon has vanished. St. Valentine with pleasures' fine— The glorious Fourth—Thanksgiving Will pass in line. We'll jest and dine And vow we’re glad we're living. A few months more, as we explore The moments glad or surly. Then, as before, well shout “Encore!” It's time to shout “Shop Early!” Avoiding Artificiality. “Did you ever study elocution?” in quired the friend. “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “If I were to do anything like that it would cause me to lose friends. They must feel that I am impetuously pour ing forth my soul in unstudied words and not merely speaking a piece.” Jud Tunklns says you have to read a lot to learn things, and then read a lot more to find out which of ’em was true. On With the Dance! We thought the cakewalk rather queer. The turkey trot was awful. But names of dances now appear That seem almost unlawful. The Soft Speaker.. “We should always speak gently.” “If you have violated a traffic regula tion it’s absolutely necessary. But if you’re the cop you don’t have to.” “Peace may come among nations,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “but a family quarrel means war that never ends.” Lamps. Aladdin, the scamp, Had a wonderful lamp. He rubbed it. A djinn did the rest. His toil seems tor much As marvels we touch,' When merely a button is pressed. "After a politician has shook hands mebbe a thousand times,” said Uncls Eben, “you kind o' doubt his sincerity when be says ’Pleased to meet yccu’ ” Two-Job Families Blamed For Unemployment Rate To the Editor of The Star: In 1929 we had a market crash that caused a slump In this wealthy country of ours and today we still have that slump, our unemployed and our relief. Just what is behind all of it? I have recently been in some seven or eight different States and I obtained a few figures. One cause of unemployment is giving one family two and three in comes each month while other families have not one cent coming in except the relief check. In Detroit married women in the fac tories operate drill and punch presses, put ignition wires on automobiles, wear overalls and operate any and all kinds of machines. In our rubber shops in Akron, Ohio, 31 per cent of the married women employed have husbands who also are working. Just go to the roller bearing companies in Canton, Ohio, and see the women there. Go down to our fruit-packing plants in Florida and the married woman is right on the job. A •bakery here in Washington has at least 15 women working behind the soda foun tain. Take a stroll through several Government buildings and look for wed ding rings. Believe me, they are there by the thousands. Ooing to a store to open an account you used to talk to a man credit man ager. Today it is a girl. A man bookkeeper in 1915 received $150 salary. Today some young girl, just married, takes over that same Job for $10 or $15 weekly. Just a few days ago I saw where the working girl was allowed $17 weekly wage to keep her in lipstick, silk hose, and have her hair curled. Look around you and count the married men with families that are on relief getting $12. So you see one lone girl is allowed $17 and one man with four or five children is allowed $12 if he is lucky and can get it. If the unemployment question is set tled and married men put back to work it will be by a law that permits only one in a family to work. A. TOMLINSON. -» <l» I-■ Drivers Implicated in Accidents Need Third Test To the Editor of The Star: Your valuable editorial In The Star of January 27 carried a ray of hope for all who use the streets of Washington, whether pedestrians, drivers or those riding in automobiles. No one can dispute your statement, "In view of the ever-mounting traffic toll, a city or State may properly be classified as negligent if it fails to take every logical step to prevent accidents. • • • Two factors are involved in every acci dent—the car and the driver.. It is only common sense to make both subject to examination.” Will you kindly allow me to suggest that in case of accident these two ex aminations should be followed by a third examination to determine if at the time of the accident the driver wa» thoroughly competent to drive a po tential death car through the streets and on the public highways, even though he showed no visible signs of not being thoroughly competent. He might have been an expert driver a short time be fore. but not at the time of the accident. Then is it not reasonable to require that in case of accident he take an addi tional test that is thoroughly dependable, absolutely harmless, inexpensive and quickly made to determine his fitness to drive at the time of the accident. Such a test would soon show the basic—though hidden—cause of much of the appalling slaughter in our streets. Who can deny the justice of requiring that such a test be made in case of every accident? Even the liquor people say in some of their advertisements, “If you drive don't drink; if you drink don’t drive.” GEORGIA ROBERTSON. Repeal of All Legislation Hampering Business Urged To the Editor of The Star: The wise men from the East, including John L. Lewis and William Green, who were summoned to Washington to advise with the President concerning the re cession. seemed to be unable to give any help in the matter. This should surprise no one. The President wants business to recover while at the same time it is being penalized with the endless variety of taxes and while he is distributing bil lions of the people's money in subsidies to farmers and other favored classes. It can't be done. The business situation has been still further aggravated by the Wagner Labor Act, the Federal Labor Relations Board, and other special favors awarded to union labor having the direct efTect of encouragement for unjustifiable labor strikes. Here are a few suggestions concern ing the problem which might well be considered: A monthly reduction of 10 per cent in all the philanthropic expendi tures of Government until all are can celed: repeal of the Wagner Labor Act and abolition of the Labor Relations Board; repeal of the Social Security Act; repeal of tariffs on all imports; 10 per cent annual reduction of income taxes until all are canceled; repeal of all triple A and other subsidies to agriculture; re peal of all inquisitorial regulation of business; reduction of armament appro-" priations to a peacetime basis; gradual concentration of all taxes upon ground rents which, according to political econ omy, is the only ligitimate source of pub lic revenue. HENRY WARE ALLEN. Wichita, Kans. Notes Difference When On Inside Looking Out To the Editor of The Star: How much difference it makes some times as to which side of the fence we are on in expressing views about events or issues. For instance, when Mr. Roose velt was on the outside, then the man in the White House, Mr. Hoover, was solely responsible for the depression which de scended on the world a few years ago. Now that Mr. Roosevelt is on the in side of the White House, responsibility for the depression now affecting the United States alone he boldly lays at the feet of “big business” and cries out in loud tones that business must be “purged.” It has been quite noticeable that when Mr. Roosevelt is more or less directly re sponsible for the adverse results of some of his “New Deal” policies, the louder and stronger he comes out with blame and invectives against some Innocent victims. Always it is to say or do any thing to turn the blame from himself and his policies on to some other group. Mr. Roosevelt probably fails to con sider that the Intelligent, thinking peo ple of today can figure some .things out for themselves, and all this unjust shift ing of blame only tends to reflect on the sincerity of Mr. Roosevelt. The reading public is aware that this administration has overburdened business with taxes and has encouraged unfair labor de mands. JANE MARLOWE. Magic in Jail. Prom the Macon (Oa.) Teletranh. A magician has been sent to the peni tentiary in Illinois. Stand by, folks, to see what he can do in the way of pulling •teal saws from his socks. THIS AND THAT I BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. A doorbell for squirrels is the novel arrangement of a Washingtonian living in one of the larger apartment buildings. The "how” and "why” of this device is explained in the following letter: "Dear sir: "I wish to thank you for the pleasure that you give us in your This and That column in The Evening Star. "You have made us all more conscious of the birds, the flowers and other living things. “While we who live in city apartments do not have the advantage of as com plete enjoyment of birds and flowers as do our suburban friends, yet we are fortunate in living in one of Washing ton’s large apartment buildings that has a front yard. “In this same building lives an elderly gentleman, retired from Government service, whose love for children, birds and flowers, is well known to us all. "In the summer we enjoy the large bed of roses which he has planted and cared for and which bloom profusely for all of us to admire. “In the winter the yard is full of birds, cardinals, bluejays and sparrows, too, at tracted there by a feeding table which the gentleman has placed under the tall bushes by the front porch. * * * * "To avoid walking on the wet ground or into the deep snow, to set out the bird food, he has a false top to the feed ing table with a ring in the center, and to replenish the feast he has but to step to the porch with a long stick with a hook in the end and ‘fish’ the table top to the porch level. "The other day I noticed that the ta ble top bears tills inscription: *’ ’Free lunch, all birds welcome.’ "Though I did not know that birds could read, they certainly must, for they come in great numbers to take advantage of the ’handout.’ “I asked him some time ago how he knew what to feed them, and his reply was. ‘Put out several different kinds of food, wildbird seed, scratch feed, bread crumbs, etc., see which is taken first, and you have your answer.’ "Squirrels he feeds with peanuts placed on his second-floor window sill, but the pigeons have found this lunch place, so to avoid feeding the pigeons he no lunger fills the sills with real peanuts, but in stead has an artificial peanut beside the window, within reach of the squirrels, and attached to a ’buzzer” circuit. "The squirrels, finding no other nuts in sight, attempt to eat the artificial one and this sets off the buzzer inside the apartment and the gentleman hastens to provide real peanuts for his callers. Very truly, R. C. B.’ * * * * This letter shows what the real ncture lover can do. Apartment house living is regarded by some as living outside the influence of nature, but our correspond ent proves the reverse. He shows how the genuine lover of the anlmRl world may aid the wild creatures, and at the same time provide real enter tainment and happiness for himself and his neighbors. No doubt some suburban dwellers fail to get the most out of their environment, whereas many a deep-city resident makes the mo6t of the opportunities he has. The love of nature and her creatures is not given to every one. It, too, Is a gift. He or she who has It holds one of the real enjoyments of this world. * * * * It Is true that apartment dwellers, as a group, do not have the advantages for nature study which are the privilege of those who live either ip country or sub urbs. But they really do have the advantage of as complete enjoyment of birds and flowers, in a sense, if they take advan tage of every opportunity offered. There is no apartment, large or small, which would not be bettered by some flowers, even if nothing more than win dowboxes. The person who shows some interest in such work, and a little knowledge, gladly will be given the job by others. It must be remembered that many persons now living in apartments are older people who once lived in country and small town. Many of these persons have a really great knowledge of the small animals, the plants of the world and how to make friends with the one and grow the other. * * * * Good humor and understanding is shown in the above letter, both by the writer and its subject. "To avoid walking on the wet ground-” That is not because the gentleman wants to keep out of the wet, so much, as because he knows that walking on soft earth, in winter and spring is not good for the grass. The sign which he has on his feeding table shows the desire for fun which is one qf the most attractive elements of a love ror nature. Sometimes persons en gaged in this occupation permit the small worries of it to make them Intolerant and crabbed. Good humor and tolerance are as fine virtues here as elsewhere, and just as much needed. * * * * The method of trial and error remains a very good one for any person who de sires to know "what to feed the birds.” Some species prefer some one foodstuff, others still another. If you want starlings, for instance, bread will do it. If you don't want starlings, do not put out breadstuffs in any form. It is almost as simple as that. So it goes all down the line. Most mix tures of wildbird food, as they are called, contain rape seed, but very few birds which winter in this vicinity seem to care for it. So it might as well be left out. Canadian peas are not a favorite with many birds. A little experimentation along these lines will show what the birds like to eat. It is only sensible to reject what the birds themselves reject. One soon finds out, too, what they like, and it is the | very essence of this wisdom to give them what they prefer. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Anti-New Dealers, by which are meant Republicans and conservative Democrats, cherish no honest-to-good ness expectations of obtaining numerical control of the House in the 1938 cam paign for which battle lines are now being drawn. The Senate is irrevocably Democratic until 1941. About all the anti-Roosevelt combination hopes for is to capture enough seats to reduce the present top-heavy Democratic House majority of 200-odd at which the ad ministration can be checkmated. Repub lican leaders are now wishfully talking of gaining 40 to 60 seats. Even if the ele phant does as well as that, administra tionists would still be overwhelmingly preponderant, though their majority would be more apparent than real. The present Congress has shown that Bank head and Rayburn head a phalanx of followers in name only. The fate of the five-point Roosevelt program, stalemated at every turn, is glaring proof that New Deal "control” at the Capitol is a mere figure of speech. Bi-partisan efTort in many congressional districts and States is likely to feature the com ing contest. , Senator Vandenberg. arch coalitionist, is understood to be ready to stump for certain Democratic Sena tors endangered for re-election by their opposition to the President's Supreme Court plan. * * * * When Dr. Glenn Frank's 200 Re publican best minds pow-wow at Chi cago a month hence, their nominal business will be to consider a party pro gram. What will be little less conspicu ous in their minds is the paramount question of presidential timber. Com monest of all current political comment is that the Republicans today haven’t a man who'd stand the ghost of a show against even a third-term Roosevelt candidacy. While the party isn’t devoid of "possibilities,” it is notoriously lacking in a personality possessed of what it takes to capture the popular imagina tion. Vandenberg is probably outstand ing. though he's done little since the Landon convention to enhance his stat ure. If the view persists that only a Westerner measures up to 1940 necessi ties, Glenn Frank himself may come into the running. Young Robert A. Taft of Ohio looms in the same geo graphical connection. The Repub licans’ other white hopes are confined to the Atlantic seaboard, especially New England, including Senators Lodge of Massachusetts and Bridges of New Hampshire, Gov. Aiken of Vermont and Representative Bruce Barton and Dis trict Attorney Dewey of New York. John Moore Allison, American Em bassy secretary at Nanking—victim of the face-slapping incident which has provoked our latest fracas with Japan— is a 33-year-old Kansan who entered the foreign service after living in the Far East as a teacher of English in Japanese schools and business activities in China i and Japan. He was in the consular service at Shanghai, Kobe, Dairen, Tsi nan and Tsingtao before being assigned to Nanking last September. Allison’s official refutation of the Japanese alibi for a sentry’s unprovoked attack on him carries particular weight at the State Department because the young diplomat speeks Japanese fluently and was able, unbeknown to his tormentors, to under stand the verbal abuse they heaped on Americans in general while maltreating him. Episodes like the Panay and Al lison “incidents’’ have far more than a surface purpose, in Washington’s esti mation. The object, Far Eastern au thorities feel sure, is to show the Chinese that Westerners have completely lost face in the Far East. * * * * President Roosevelt’s plan to build up the Navy by 20 per cent has one tran scendent reason not generally realised. It will expand* the United States fleet to that point which will enable us to face Japan in the Pacific, if necessary, with 1 out dependence upon the British navy. There would still be the vital matter of naval bases. On that account, Hong Kong and Singapore would be of in estimable value to us, but, as far as ships are concerned, the Increase now pro jected will give Uncle Sam ample power more than to hold his own against any force the Japanese could pit against him. * * * * Capt. William H. Stayton, Annapolis, '81. who probably did more than any other one American to kill prohibition— he was founder and chairman of the Association Against the Eighteenth Amendment and the Repeal Associa tion—has again cleared for action against his old foes. He's now bombard ing the “American Business Mens Re search Foundation," which has asked the President and Congress for $50,000,000 for "dissemination of the truth about alcohol.” In a statement questioning its capacity for propagation of any kind of truth, Stayton assails the Research Foundation as a concern “directed chiefly by professional drys and mas querading under a business guise.” The veteran wet is confident Congress will decline "to foster a movement three fourths of the voters in 37 States have definitely condemned.” • * * * Former Belgian Premier Van Zee land’s proposal of another world eco nomic parley fails to set the Potomac afire. Veiled hopes that President Roosevelt could be hornswoggled into convening such a parley at Washing ton are vain. The administration pins its hopes for international economic peace on bilateral trade agreements, as contemplated by the Hull reciprocal program and impending Anglo-Ameri can negotiations. The United States is opfn minded on the subject of appeas ing “have-not” nations like Germany and Italy, but holds that concessions of colonies or raw materials must be con ditional on disarmament and non-aggres sion pledges. The retirement, a year in advance of the expiration of his term, of Senator Steiwer, Republican, of Oregon has made way, by gubernatorial appoint ment, for still another Democrat in the Senate. The lop-sided score now reads 77 Democrats and 15 Republicans. The Oregon congressional delegation will consist of two Republicans (Senator Mc Nary and Representative Mott) and three Democrats (a Senator and two House members). * * * * Dr. Edmund A. Walsh of Georgetown University, who is about to resume his annual series of public lectures on Soviet Russia, calls the new course “Twenty Years After.” Summarizing it. Dr. Walsh says: “The commissars have had 20 years to experiment on the body of the Russian people, and the results may now be analyzed in the historical per spective which two decades have af forded—a process not possible 13 years ago, when the present lecturer began a history of the Russian Revolution. But in' point of fact, most of the opinions and criticisms then advanced have been confirmed by the public record of the Intervening years and are now re luctantly admitted by previous defend ers of the Communist regime.” (Coprrltht. 1938.) Secrets. From the Lot Aneelei Tlmei. Naval secrets of the United States will no longer be published by Congress, it 1s said. Henceforth they will be known only to the intelligence departments of all the foreign powers. Still Doing Business. From the Manchester Union. The cabinet replacement business in Francs Is as good as ever, which is say ing a gnat deal. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to anp question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J, Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How is aerial machine gun practice managed?—J. 8. A. It is conducted by firing at a sleeve (cylindrical cloth) target, towed at the end of a long wire by an airplane. Q. What does slalom mean?—M. L. A. It is a term applied to skiing, usually in a race against time, in a zigzag, downhill course, between upright obstacles, generally flags. Q. How large do lobsters grow?—N. D. A. Sometimes lobsters are caught weighing 15 pounds and a few have been known to reach 28 pounds. Lobsters sold in markets are usually from 1 to 2 pounds in weight. Q. What caused the milk sickness which was common in the Middle West in the early nineteenth century?—C. L. A. It is now known that it was caused by trematol found in several weeds. When eaten by cows their milk was fatal to human beings. Q. How should a guest congratulate a bride and groom?—E. F. A. A guest is careful not to congratu late a bride. This is in violation of the rules of etiquette. One wishes the bride the greatest happiness, and congratulates the groom. Q. Where in North Carolina is the school for boys and girls which is man aged bv Teachers’ College, Columbia University?—W. H. A. The Springdale School is 32 miles southwest of Asheville, N. C. It is for boys and girls from 10 to 18 and is operated by New College of Teachers’ College, Columbia University. The school is located on a farm and practical courses in farm management, household arts, etc., are given as well as the regular academic work. Q. In what order do the various mili tary organizations march in a parade? —C. H. A. The order is as follows: (1) Cadets of the United States Military Academy; (2) midshipmen of the United States Naval Academy; (3) Coast Guard cadets; <4> Regular Army; (5) United States Marines; (6) naval forces; (7) Coast Guard; (8) National Guard, Marine Corps Reserve, Naval Reserve, organizations which have been federally recognized (a) National Guard organi zations. <b> Marine Corps Reserve, (c> Naval Reserve organizations; (9) other organizations of organized reserves. Na tional Guard, Naval Militia. R. O. T. C. and other training units in the order prescribed by the grand marshal of the parade; (10) veterans and other patriotic organizations in order prescribed. Q. In making cotton curtains, how much should be allowed for shrinkage? —R. C. A. About one inch to the yard, if the material is loosely woven. Q. Who founded the Actors’ Fund Home?—C. L. A. The Actors’ Fund Home was founded by Louis Aldrich, the fourth president of the fund, and was opened at West New Brighton. Staten Island, in " May, 1902. The institution was trans ferred to Englewood. N. J, in April, 1925. Q. How many works were composed by . Haydn?—W. H. A. The latest list, still assumed to be incomplete, enumerates 118 symphonies. 53 piano sonatas, 83 string quartets. 24 trios, 19 operas, 5 oratorios, 24 concertos for various instruments and many smaller works. Q. How are doors opened by having lights shining upon them?—D. B. A. As a person approaches within a few feet of these self-opening doors he intercepts a light beam of the size of a half dollar. By so doing it releases a mechanism which automatically flings the doors wide open. Q. Who coined the expression, Tm from Missouri?”—S. J. A. The late Representative Vandiver of Cape Girardeau. Mo., coined the expres sion. “I'm from Missouri; you must show me.” Q. Who played the leading feminine adult role in “Little Miss Marker”?— J. M. P. A. Dorothy Dell. She was killed In an automobile accident, June 8, 1934, at the age of 19. Q. Do the Japanese have factories in this country making the toys that are labeled "Made in Japan”?—S. M. G. A. The Japanese do not have factories in this country to manufacture toys. The Tariff Act requires that all goods man ufactured in foreign countries shall bear a label showing this fact. All of the goods bearing the label, “Made in Japan,” are actually made in that country. Q. When was the Salt Lake City Tabernacle Choir organized, and how long has It been on the air?—J. J. K. A. The famous Salt Lake City Taber nacle Choir Was organized at the call of the president, Brigham Young. In 1870. The choir numbers 330 singers who con tribute their services voluntarily, meeting three times a week for rehearsals and the weekly broadcast. The choir has been on the air weekly for seven years for the tabernacle broadcast of the organ and choir. It is the oldest standing pro gram of the American network of com munity origin. — Q. For whom was Mount Rainier named?—E. H. A. Mount Rainier was named after the British admiral, Peter Rainier, who fig ured in the American Revolution. The name was given by Capt. George Van couver, English navigator and explorer. Q. How long has the metric system been in use?—K. K. A. It was an invention of the French in the latter half of the eighteenth century. The French government ap pointed a committee of the Academy of Sciences under the authority of the National Assembly sanctioned by Louis XVI to devise a system of weights and measures. On June 22, 1799, the stand ard units, the meter and the kilogram, made by expert scientists and instru ment makers, were deposited in the archives at Paris. Q. What was the first San Francisco bank to reopen after the earthquake?— W. H. A. The Bank of Italy was the first financial institution to reopen after the catastrophe and extend loans for re construction. Q. When did Lon Chaney die?— H. W. H. A. He died Aagwt 23. MO.