Evening star. [volume], December 07, 1938, Page A-7, Image 7

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
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Henry Clay Lit Light of Pan-Americanism
In Congress Speech 118 Years Ago
SOUTH AMERICA IS ALMOST AS CLOSE
TO EUROPEAN PORTS AS TO NEW YORK
I By Air—3 days, 18 fim.
JNEW YORK
14.770 miles
^ |By Air—4 days
wJ LON DON
] 5,244 miles
t I By Air—4 days
rwwJ HAMBURG
15.669 miles
t I By Air—4 days
^Jnaples
15.295 Miles
This map-chart illustrates an often-forgotten point—that geographically a large part of
South America is as far from the Vnited States as it is from Europe. That fact plays a big part
in any discussion of an all-America defense system.
- *_
The Pan-American Conference
opening day after tomorrow at
Lima, Peru, will high light at
tempts to keep the Americas safe
for the Americans. Some au
thorities hold that such attempts
have been made especially im
portant by the “peace of Mu
nich'’ and the apparent Nazi in
tention to seek new zones of
influence in the new world as
well as the old. This is the first
of three articles explaining why
the United States is more in
terested in all-American soli
darity than ever.
By MORGAN M. BEATTY,
Associated Press Feature Service Writer.
"It is in our power,” shouted the
Speaker of the House of Representa
tives, "to create a system, of which
the United States will be the center,
and in which all South America will
act with us * * *
“We would become the place of
deposit of the commerce of the
world * * • We should become the
* * * rallying point of human wis
dom * * * against all the despotism
of the old world • * •!”
The speaker was no 1938-model
statesman crying out an alarm
against Naziism and totalitarianism.
He was the American patriot.
Henry Clay, better known a century
ago as the man who sought to free
the slaves without bringing on a
civil war.
But Henry Clay was also the first
apostle in the United States of the
Americas for Americans. When he
urged Pan-Americanism in Congress
on May 10,1820, he hoped to build an
American family of nations so pow
erful that no outside force could
ever break its hold on the Western
Hemisphere.
Struggle for Solidarity.
Clay did not live to see his dream
of Pan-America come true. Even
yet, South American ties with the
Old World are strong. But you and
I are about to view the struggle of
the century for American solidarity.
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In Lima, Peru, day after tomorrow, America, prophesied American union
a congress of Americans convenes against the rest of the world,
from all parts of this hemisphere. Smarting under Spanish exile, ex
The delegates represent 21 nations iled in the West Indies, Bolivar
with a total population of more than fervently wrote:
250,000,000. Outlined for the con- “God grant that some day we may
gress is the task of dramatizing pres- • ' * install an august congress (of
ent-day American community spirit. American nations/ * * • to treat
How far the delegates advance the * * * with the nations of the other
principle of Pan-Americanism re- three-quarters of the world * * *1“
mains to be seen, but the history of Monroe Offered Dictrine.
hefr“?8e ranges through more And most important or alli our
than a full century. President James Monroe had the
Henry Clay was by no means the year before warned European nations
first to visualize a family of Amer- off American preserves so vigorously
lean nations. About the end of the that his pronouncement lives today
17th century, the Venezuelan patriot, as the cornerstone of United States
Francisco de Miranda, suggested a foreign policy—the Monroe Doctrine.
United States of Spanish-America. At length, some 50 years ago,
As early as 1806, Simon Bolivar, lib- there appeared the permanent or
erator of a large part of South ganization of a Pan-American
union. But still, even today, that
organization represents more of
hope for Pan-American solidarity
than it does of past achievement.
In those formative years so ab
sorbed were we in the winning of
the West that we left South Amer
ica to Europeans and Asiatics. In
1897, for instance, we shipped to
Latin America little more than one*
tenth of the $440,000,000 worth of
goods it bought in the world mar
ket.
But American genius for empire
building was yielding dividends be
low the Rio Grande. William
Wheelwright pioneered steam nav
igation and railroads. Henry Meiggs
blasted roadbeds for rails through
the Andes. These were followed by
the Guggenheim copper develop
ments in Chile and other enter
prises.
Along with these American pio
neers below the Texas border went
a horde of American adventurers
and promoters who left a different
trail. Quick profits their sole ob
jective. fraud and bribes their bait,
they neither understood the more
leisurely and formal Latin, nor re
spected him.
They clouded the dream of an
American family and sowed the
seeds of discord that led eventually
to ‘‘The American Illusion,” an im
pressive literary jab from Brazil
by Eduard Prado. He accused
Uncle Sam of insincerity and urged
his fellow Latin to strike out alone,
Independent of the colossus of the
North.
Likewise, Theodore Roosevelt's
threat to use our Navy and marines
to keep the peace below the Rio
Grande went a long way to stimu
late hatred. The Monroe Doctrine
long was a smarting point, too—
South Americans feeling that it set
us up as a sort of headmaster.
Sensing our errors, Secretary of
State Elihu Root attended the 1906
Pan-American conference in Rio
de Janeiro and did what he could
to give a better impression of
Uncle Sam. And later, in Santiago,
Chile, he foresaw a new era.
The light lit by Henry Clay was
beginning to shine, although the
World War was to afford the first
full warm glow of American solidar
ity some 10 years later.
Tomorrow—Nazi Inroads in
South America.
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