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Weather Forecast , Prom the United State* Weather Bureau report 1 Today's News in Today's Star Pull detail* on Pact A-*. ' ' Pair and cooler tonight; tomorrow, fair Today’s newi is tomorrow’s history— with slowly rising temperature; moder- _ * ate northwest winds, diminishing to- The Star keeps you up to the minute night Temperatures today-Hlghest, with the last-minute news. 80, at 2 p.m.; lowest, 66, at 3 a.m. \ ■— ■■ . - , — — _Closing New York Markets- __ . _<*) teaana Aaeoclated Prada._ 87th YEAR. No. 34,825.__WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1939—FORTY PAGES. **** THREE CENTS. SINKING ATHENIA SHELLED BY SUBMARINE; PRESIDENT PROCLAIMS U. S. NEUTRAL IN WAR - ♦ -- t ---—_ Biddle Family And Thousands Flee Warsaw Officials of Polish Government May Leave Shortly By the Associated Press. WARSAW, Sept. 5.—Thousands of Poles and several hundred foreigners, Including most of the Americans remaining here, left this Polish cap ital city today, fleeing into the in terior beyond the reach of German armies and German planes. There were reports that officials of the government itself might leave Within a few hours. Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, jr., the United States Ambassador, his fam ily and most of his staff left during the day in a motor caravan flying American flags. They headed for an undisclosed spot where Mr. Biddle proposed to continue functioning as nearly normally as possible. Other Americans, including a number of Polish descent, oc cupied the extra seats in the Biddle caravan. As it was getting under way bomb explosions and the roar Of the “archies”—anti-aircraft guns —were heard in the distance. Harrison Remains. Landreth M. Harrison, second sec retary, remained here in charge of the embassy. Mr. Harrison and what sta ffwas left for him planned to stay on in the embassy premises. Several American newspapermen ^left with the caravan. (Lloyd Lehr f|K£s of the Associated Press is re ^^riinlpg in Warsaw for the time jeing. Other Associated Press cor respondents left to cover the em bassy and other points.) German planes made two raids on the capital city today. The sky was clear and the Sep tember sunshine was brilliant. De spite the dangers, the populace was calm. av_A.S_T — 1_T* T-V— TT_J mv.auviiuib) wuuu • *^t*'*u( wuivbu States Consul General, and his staff assisted Americans in leaving. The first raid of the day came while reports were being received indicating that Polish defense lines had been shortened to stiffen posi tions now held. Daily Schedule Seen. Several times during the morning attack the German airmen flew di rectly over the heart of the capital Without dropping bombs. They confined their activities to the suburbs and military objectives. The alarm sounded at 8:30 a.m. (2:30 a.m. E. S. T.) and 35 minutes later the “all clear” signal was given. The courses traveled by attacking planes caused observers to conclude they were shuttling back and forth between Austrian, Slovak and other German areas in daily trips, reload ing at each stop and dropping bombs en route. Exodus Increases. Increasing numbers of Warsaw Inhabitants are leaving for the coun try. They pack their belongings into any sort of conveyance avail able. The largest numbers were traveling eastward and southeast ward. The Polish press reported a Polish cavalry unit had penetrated the Ger man East Prussian border and oc cupied two villages. This was sim ilar to an earlier report that Polish mounted troops had broken through Germany’s Silesian frontier north of Breslau. In two strategic moves deemed necessary’ to strengthen the defense organization the Polish general staff withdrew its troops from the Corri dor cities of Grudziadz, 60 miles south of Danzig, and Bydgoscz, ap (See WARSAW, Page A-3.) Bridges and Tunnels in New York Guarded By the Associated Press. FORT LEE, N. J„ Sept. 5.—Port of New York authority police were on guard today against possible sabotage of the $216,000,000 system of Hudson River bridges and tunnels. Billings Wilson, authority assist ant general manager, signed an or der yesterday calling for extra pre caution by port police because the bridges and tunnels “will be used in transportation of munitions and supplies” for warring European na tions. "No doubt there will be sabotage practiced, particularly on our facil ities,” the order said in urging the police to prevent “any interference with our property and structures or to the property and safe movement of our patrons.” The order was posted in police squad stations at the George Wash ington, Bayonne, Outerbrldge cross ing and Goethals Bridges and the Lincoln and Holland Tunnels. Unidentified Steamer Is Sunk in Baltic Sea By the Associated Press. COPENHAGEN, Sept. 5.—Reports were received here today that an un identified steamer was sunk in the Baltic Sea last night by an explo sion off Ealsterbo, Southern Sweden. The explosion was observed by a nearby lightship. The reports said apparently the vessel coyided with a mine. A . War Bulletins BERLIN, Sept. 5 W.—The official German news agency, DNB, announced two British scouting planes were shot down over Hamburg today. The news bureau asserted that four British planes ap peared over Hamburg during the afternoon and were promptly engaged by German scouting planes. HAUGESUND, Norway, Sept. 5 UP).—It was reported without confirmation today that three German ships carrying iron ore had been seized Sunday by British warcraft off Utsira. Other German ore ships are expected to seek refuge in Trondheim. The German steamer Frei burg of the Hamburg-Ameri can Line arrived today in Bergen, disguised as a Soviet ship, with identity marks on her funnels altered accord ingly. French Forces Claim To Have Penetrated German Territory Disorders Reported In 3 German Cities And Czecho-Slovakia By the Associated Press. PARIS, Sept. 5 (via radio).—The French government today announced that French forces had made con tact with the German troops on. the Western front and had penetrated into German territory. A semi-official Paris radio report ed trouble in Germany, and said there had been disorders in Cologne, Dusseldorf and Essen, as well as the areas of all Czecho-Slovakia. Dispatches from Copenhagen re port naval fighting off the coast of Denmark. France pursued her second day of military operations against Germany with the official announcement that “movements develop normally for entire land, sea and air forces.” This was announced in the war ministry’s communique No. 3. Germany replied with an aerial Invasion which brought an early morning air-raid alarm to Paris. Later an official military source said the planes had come on "a scouting trip” without dropping bombs. France’s operations were under stood to be testing Germany’s for tifications to seek the weak point of the Siegfried line and divert Ger man forces from Poland. “There could be no question for the moment of a great offensive,” wrote Charles Morice in Le Petit Parisien, “but of necessary prelimi nary operations. Our troops have received a baptism of fire. Friftn (See PARIS, Page A-3.) Britain Takes Control Of All Employment By the Associated Press. LONDON, Sept. 5.—The Ministry of Labor assumed control today of all .employment in Great Britain for the duration of the war. After a date to be specified em ployers may not engage or rehire employes without the ministry’s ap proval. An official order stated foreign tourists may not take more than £25 (currently about $100) in for eign exchange from the United Kingdom unless special permission is obtained. Pope's Talk Canceled NEW YORK, Sept. 5 <#).—'The world-wide broadcast of Pope Pius XII scheduled for Wednesday morn ing has been canceled, according to the N. B. C.’s representative in Rome. The War Situation Survivors of the British steam er Athenia, torpedoed Sunday off the coast of Scotland, arrived to day at Greenock, Scotland, and Galway, Ireland, telling eye witness stories of the submarine whfch sank their ship and shelled it as the passengers and crew were being removed to life boats. (Page A-l.) In Warsaw rumors were cur rent that Polish government of ficials will leave the capital soon. Staffs of the American, British and other embassies were preparing to leave the Polish capital. There were two more German air raids and the Polish defense line was shortened. (Page A-l.) In Paris it was announced that French troops had contacted the enemy and penetrated into Ger many. A semi-official Paris ra dio reported trouble in Germany and said there had been disorders in Cologne, Dusseldorf and Essen as well as Czecho-Slovakia. Dis patches from Copenhagen report naval fighting off the coast of Denmark. (Page A-l.) j L Arms Embargo May Be Ordered Later Today « First of Two Edicts Only Conforms to International Law BULLETIN. The neutrality of the United States was officially pro claimed this afternoon by President Roosevelt. The proclamation became effec tive after Secretary of State Hull countersigned it and af fixed' the official seal. The 4,000-word document estab lished an extensive list of regulations designed to keep Americans from projecting the United States into the European war. The first step in proclaiming the neutrality of the United States in the new European war was taken at the White House at 1 o’clock this afternoon when President Roosevelt signed the first of two neutrality proclamations. The first is the general declara tion of neutrality based on interna tional law, but Stephen T. Early, White House secretary, announced it will not take effect until Secretary of State Hull has time to counter sign. attach the official seal and proclaim it. These finishing touches are expected momentarily. The President affixed his signa ture in the presence of Secretary Hull, Acting Attorney General Jack son, Undersecretary of State Welles, Assistant Secretary of State A. A. Berle and Mr. Early, in the Presi dent’s study in the Executive Man sion. The text of this general procla mation will not be given out, how ever, until Secretary Hull has pro claimed it from the State Depart ment. i «nry uu Arms cmuargo. Mr. Early also announced that the same group of officials will return to the White House at 4:30 pm. for a consultation with the President on final details of the second procla mation, which will list in detail the arms and implements of war on which an embargo thereafter will be placed. This will mean that shipment of any of the listed armaments from this country either to a belligerent or to a neutral country for trans shipment to a belligerent thereafter will be prohibited. Before the President signed the proclamation he had conferred with Acting Attorney General Jackson on the legal angles involved. Mr. Early at that time told re porters: “The one thing that the President probably is most concerned about at the present time is the .devising of means to keep war from our shores and our waters.” In this connection, Mr. Early pointed out that this Government has a number of responsibilities in seeking to adhere to that purpose, such as the Panama Canal and the Virgin Islands. In response to ques tions he said there is no official in formation here on reports of Ger man submarines in the Caribbean S6&. Travel Virtually Halted. It was recalled today, however, that, while America was still a neu tral in the last war, the German submarine Deutschland crossed the ocean, put into Baltimore Harbor and remained there for a brief stop over before returning home. The State Department already has virtually halted travel of Amer ican citizens to Europe. Only “imperative necessity” here after will permit citizens to make the eastward Atlantic voyage. The State Department action voided passports already issued un less documentary evidence is sub (See NEUTRALITY, Page A-5.) Germany announced the cap ture of Katowice and Chorzow, rich industrial cities on the southwest front, and destruction of 11 Polish planes in an air battle over Warsaw. / Chancellor Hitler followed his advancing troops into Poland. (Page A-3.> Great Britain's first major blow at Germany was announced in London. British warplanes, a communique of the ministry of information said, scored direct hits with heavy bombs on two German battleships. The daring daylight raid was carried out against the German fleet at the entrance of the strategic Kiel Canal. (Page A-3.). Premier Mussolini continued to keep Europe guessing and Ital ian newspapers published docu ments to prove his efforts for peace. The scheduling of sailing for Italy’s two finest merchant ships, the Rex ahd the Conte di Savoia, was taken as indication that II Duce has no plan for in volvement of Italy in the war immediately. (Page A-8.). « (you've got to fish, cut bah _ V OR GO ASHORE L Gas Mask Part of London Garb Even at Teas and Dances Tin Can Is Strapped to Every Back, Whether In Evening Gown or Waitress' Uniform By THOMAS R. HENRY, SUr Staff Correspondent. LONDON, Sept. 5 (By Radio).—The scene is a swankv Piccadilly hotel lounge and cocktail room. The time, 6 pm., when smartly dressed corn-blond girls come in 'from offices and the fashionable shops for tea or cocktails. Each black-garbed waitress has strapped on her back, at the very place where bustles are sometimes put, a tin can about the size of fhotA in iifhirh aro norlraH HnllarA— — - _i alarm clocks Many of the women are accompanied by men in uni form. husbands and sweethearts just called to the colors. These wear a different sort of gas mask in a can vas bag. like those carried by Amer ican soldiers during the World War. Thp orchestra plays the latest dance tunes, the girls are humming ‘‘Little Sir Echo," and now and then a couple dance, their gas masks flopping awkwardly. Once in a while a girl takes out her mask and tries it on It makes her look like a (See HENRY, Page A-3.) Heavy Buying Boosts Commodities and Stocks Sharply Shares Jump $1 to $15 With Steel Group Taking Lead By CLAUDE A. JAGGER, Associated Press Financial Editor. NEW YORK, Sept. 5.—Wall Street experienced one of the most spec tacular upsurges in prices of stocks and commodities in its history to day, as resumption of trading after the holiday found a feverish urge to buy in expectation of "war” prices. Stocks, particularly steels, non ferrous metals, oils, chemicals and machinery makers. Jumped $1 to around $15 a share. Wheat again bounded the limit permitted in a day’s trading of 5 cents a bushel at Chicago, Winnipeg and Minneapolis, and raw materials generally surged upward, both food and industrial. Buying orders appeared at the opening of the exchange in such volume for some of the steels that specialists were not able to straighten out their books and make an open ing price until an hour later. United States Steel finally opened with a transfer of 25,000 shares, re flecting bunched orders, at $62, up $8.62; Republic with 40,000 shares at $26, up $6.38, and Bethlehem with 25,000 shares at $78, up $9.75. uains neaucea. There was a little letdown from the best prices at the end of the first hour, but the market still showed sweeping gains. Here are a few 11 am. prices: Du Pont, $183.50, up $14; Dow Chemical, $142, up $12; Allied Chem ical, $180, up $11; Douglas, $74, up $7.50; United States Rubber, $45.50, up $4.25; Armour, $8, up $2.62; Texas Corp., $45.50, up $6.25; Standard Oil of New Jersey, $47.50, up $4.62; Ana conda Copper, $38, up $8; Callahan Zinc, $3, up $1125; Westinghouse Electric, $110, up $5; General Mo tors, $49.50, up $3.25. Some of the utilities and merchandising issues were off $1 or so, as traders calcu lated they would experience higher costs. Trading in the first hour was 1, 640,000 shares, largest in nearly two years. With the exception of cotton, up over $2 a bale at the start, principal speculative commodities rose the limit permitted in one day in op tions for future delivery—raw sugar up V*, Cocoa up 1, rubber up 2 and raw hides up 2 cents a pound. Hide prices fo rimmediate deliv ery were reported unavailable either at Chicago or Buenos Aires, as pack ers withdrew offerings pending de velopments. Livestock joined the advance, (See MARKETS, Page A-4.) h Loss of Life Heavy On Sunken Athenia, Captain Declares Asserts Projectile Went Through Galley and Pierced Engine Room Br the Associated Press. GALWAY, Ireland, Sept. 5.—The master of the British liner Athenia, sunk Sunday, said on his arrival here today that his ship “was hit by a torpedo which went through the galley and into the engine room, causing heavy loss of life.” The captain, James Cook, was brought here by the Norwegian steamer Knut Nelson with 430 other survivors of the first submarine dis aster of the European war. (In Berlin Alexander Kirk, American Charge d’Affaires, was called to the foreign office last night and given assurances that the British charge the Athenia was sunk by a German subma rine was untrue. (Authoritative sources in Ber lin said that “not a single tor pedo has been fired outside Dan zig Bay.” (Officials charged a propaganda campaign similar to that of the World War was under way against Germany. These sources said that Adolf Hitler had spe cifically ordered that the neutral- . ity of small states and the inter (See GALWAY, Page A-4.) I-1 U. S. Will Fix Athenia Loss Responsibility The Government began gathering testimony today to fix responsibility for the sinking of the liner Athenia with more than 300 Americans aboard. The State Department an nounced that the American Minis ter to Ireland, John Cudahy, went from Dublin to Galway and cabled from the latter port that he had interviewed the captain of the Athenia, members of the crew and a number of American passengers. They all stated, he cabled, that the Athenia was sunk by a sub marine. Mr. Cudahy reported that many of those who landed at Galway had lost all their possessions. Similar reports were received concerning those who were taken to Greenock, Scotland. The naval attache and the American consul in Glasgow were instructed by Jo seph P. Kennedy, Ambassador to London, to communicate directly to the State Department the names of American survivors. ' H Bosnia, Cunard Line Steamer, Is Sunk By Submarine German Vessel Also Down; Both Crews Are Rescued By the Associated Press. LIVERPOOL, England, Sept. 5.— The Cunard Line announced today that its steamer Bosnia had been sunk by a submarine and her crew of 23 rescued by a Norwegian tanker. A message from the 2,407-ton Bos nia, interrupted before completion, gave her position as about 100 miles off the coast of Scotland. The tanker was reported proceeding to Lisbon with the rescued. One death aboard the Bosnia was reported, that of a fireman named Woods. The Bosnia was set ablaze by gunfire and then torpedoed, the company announced. German Ship Sunk. LONDON, Sept. 5 (tP).—Informa tion was received in London today that the German ship Carl Fritzen had been sunk and that its crew was safe. Three U. S. Planes Lost In Tropic Storm Found By the Associated Press. CRISTOBAL, Canal Zone, Sept. 5. — Army authorities today an nounced three United States Army planes previously reported missing over Costa Rica had been found with all personnel aboard safe. The aircraft, pursuit planes of the new P-36 type, had become de tached from a group of 30 being down yesterday from Marsh, Lang ley and Selfridge Fields to Panama. Bad weather forced them to make emergency landings. First Army reports did not dis close where the three planes had been located. Man Leaps to His Death From Bay Steamer Tossing aside a coat in which was found a card with the name “B. C. Murphy of Silver Spring, Md„” a nan leaped to his death from the Chesapeake Bay steamer Yorktown last night. Officers of the Chesapeake line said the man, about 25, jumped from the rail while the ship was en route to Baltimore from Norfolk, accord ing to an Associated Press dispatch from Baltimore. Lights of the Yorktown and two aid Bay Line steamers, the State of Virginia and the State of Maryland, were played on the waters in a vain search for the body. 1 90 Believed Dead, 1,030 Rescued Land, 200 Injured Listed Survivors Relate Tales Of Horror and Heroism As Ship Is Torpedoed By the Associated Press. GREENOCK, Scotland, Sept. 5.—Victims of the war’s first great sea tragedy, 600 shaken and weeping survivors of the torpedoed British liner Athenia arrived on rescue ships today with tales of horror. Two hundred of those arriving here were injured. One survivor, John McEwan of Glasgow, said a submarine tor pedoed the Athenia and then twice shelled the vessel as her life boats were being lowered. He said it was rumored 90 persons had perished. (The Norwegian steamer Knut Nelson landed 430 more of the Athenia survivors at Galway, Ireland. The master of the stricken liner, Capt. James Cook, declared there that his ship “was hit by a torpedo which went through the galley and into the engine room, causing heavy loss of life.” (The arrivals at Galway and at Greenock, Scotland, accounted for 1,030 of the 1,347 passengers and crew, 311 of them Americans, who were aboard when the vessel was tor pedoed Sunday.) An n J -A-__ . _ __ J n —__ :_____. —iiumwvi u* iiuivwvaiio aiiu vauauiauo wvic among the injured brought here. A member of one of the rescue crews said the first SOS from the Athenia was received at 10 p.m., G. M. T., Sunday (5 p.m., E. S. T.h “I saw the Athenia take her final plunge, stern first, the next morning,” he declared. “I saw a group of five boats and in the water a number of young children who had been drowned. The boats were full, some of them badly flooded and some had people clinging to their sides.” Glasgow mobilized hospitals and nursing homes to accommo date the injured, while other agencies planned to care for other refugees, many of them thinly clad and weak from exposure to the winds of the North Atlantic. Perhaps the saddest sight of all was 9-year-old Roy Barring ton oi loromo. mis mother went down with the Athenia. As the rescue work went on, no one could say definitely how many had been killed or drowned in the disaster. One rumor said 90 had died. Some persons said the figure was far greater and pointed out that a score or more must have drowned when the propeller of the Norwegian rescue ship Knut Nelson shattered a lifeboat full of women. Brother and Sister Heroes. Fifteen-year-old Brenda Chapman and her brother Thomas, 13, of Detroit, told of being awakened when the torpedo struck. Brenda said: “I didn’t try to change my pajamas, but helped Tommy up to the deck. Then I helped row the boat.” Other passengers were loud in their praise of the children. Pathetic scenes were enacted as the first of the rescued ar rived at Glasgow’s Adelphia Hotel. women ana cnuaren limped' weakly from motor buses, wear ing navy boiler suits and paja mas, some with curtains around their heads and most of them without shoes. Almost all of them were bandaged. Children who had lost their par ents were carried weeping into the hotel. Some had lost their voices. There were wives without husbands, husbands without wives. All were desperate for news of survivors from other rescue areas. Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Cox of Nee pawa, Manitoba, said they Just had got into a lifeboat when the rope broke, throwing them into the water. Mrs. Cox said: "We were soon taken back into the boat, but we had to bail it out with our shoes. While we rowed during the night we were almost submerged by the swell from the submarine as it passed under us.” Mother and Babe Reunited. A Mrs. Brown from New Orleans and her 11-month-old baby were rescued. She said the torpedo struck close to her cabin, carrying away the companionway to the deck above. “I handed the baby to some one on the deck above me and scram bled up myself later. When I found the baby in the same lifeboat with me I was crazy with joy." A Mrs. Fairweather from Milwau kee said she heard two explosions. Mrs. McFadzean of Belleville, N. J„ said: “As my lifeboat moved away from the Athenia I saw some thing sticking up in the water. I am convinced it was the submarine's -I Announcement The Star has not issued and will not issue extras except on transcendent occasions, news of which cannot be covered in its regular editions. Its one extra was issued on the German invasion of Poland. The Star will continue its regular editions at noon and up until 5:45 p.m., when the Night Final is issued containing all the news of the day. The Star is the only afternoon member of the Associated Press in Washington and all of the reliable news and'the latest Wirephotos of the day in Europe are printed in the late after noon editions of The Star. The Night Final Edition is delivered by regular carrier throughout the city, together with The Sunday Morning Star, at 75 cents per month. Telephone National 5000 and delivery will start at once. I ft t periscope. The lifeboat was almost swamped by the wash.” The survivor who told of the shelling was John McEwan of Glas gow, who also stated “it was rumored that 90 perished.” Other survivors said emphatically the Athenia was sunk by a sub (See ATHENIA, Page A-5.) \ - Viceroy of India Assumes War Power By the Associated Press. NEW DELHI, India, Sept. 5.—The Viceroy of India, the Marquess of Linlithgow, today proclaimed a state of grave emergency in India and promulgated the "defense of India” ordinance which gives widest powers to the executive. The Viceroy also received Mohan das K. Gandhi, the Nationalist leader, in the morning. Red Cross Sends $10,000 For Athenia Survivors The American Red Cross cabled $10,000 to Joseph Kennedy, United States Ambassador to Great Brit ain, today to be used as a relief fund for American survivors of the torpedoed Athenia. U. S. Survivors ' Seven Americans Taken to Hospital Br the Auoclated Preu. GLASGOW, Scotland, Sept. 5 — The following injured American sur vivors from the Athenia were admit ted to Glasgow Western Hospital today: Helen Dugan, 57, Detroit, Mich. Katherine Sege, 68, Salt Lake City, Utah. Mildred Finley, 35, Soomes School, Windsor, Conn. Helen De Witt Smith, 48, Plain field, N. J. Michael Flynn, 73, Orange County, New York. Rosa Sadel, 63, “U. S. A." Helen Hanney, 19, Houston, Tex. The Donaldson Line issued the following incomplete list of United States citizens landed at Greenock (addresses not given): Mr. and Mrs. E. Alton. H. Bridge. R. Bridge. A. Bloom, S. Benson. F. Odoley, R. P. Casevy, Capt. F. S. Ohandler. M. Dowis. C. M. Dais. M. Freder, M. J. Flynn. J. Gifford. (See SURVIVORS. Page A-4 ) A