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Calinescu's Assassination Threatens Neutrality Balance of Balkans A I . “ _ " “‘ --—— — Small Nations Fear Trouble at Sign of Rumanian Weakness Turkey and Yugoslavia Express Dismay at News Of Premier's Slaying By the Associated Press. BUDAPEST. Sept. 22.—The as sassination of Rumania's premier, Armand Calinescu, by pro-Nazi ex tremists, threatened today to push all of Southeastern Europe off a delicate balance between peace and chaos. Dismay and consternation were the immediate reaction in the capi tals of Turkey, Greece and Yugo slavia, where Premier Cahnescu was regarded as a strong friend. The first comment in Bulgarian and Hungarian political circles was “Rumania depended more on Cali nescu than on any other man ex cept King Carol." All the Balkans knew Premier Calinescu was waging a grim game of diplomacy to save his country’s frontiers from a possible "undeclared invasion" as his Polish allies fell under the twin onslaught of Russia and Germany. Neutrality was Pre mier Calinescu's best card. Trumped With Bullets. Today the question was whether the Iron Guard, an organization with long-acknowledged Nazi lean ings. had trumped it with bullets. Diplomats said no country at the moment at peace with the entire world was in a more precarious po sition than Rumania. On the north and east, Soviet Russia, which never had been reconciled to the loss ot Bessarabia to Rumania in settle ments after the World War, now holds a border with Rumania from the Black Sea to the easternmost tip of Hungary. Although a Bucharest communique declared no foreign complications were expected from Premier Cali nescu's slaying, diplomats pointed out another communique said Georse Dumitrescu. new head of the Iron Guard charged by the govern ment with organizing the assassi nation plot, had returned to Bu charest six weeks ago “from the Ukraine.” German Nazi-ism—inspiration of the Iron Guard movement—has been aggressive since the start of the Polish war. The Germans have been pression for Rumanian oil for the Reich's motorized army and Ru manian wheat for the Reich's vast industrial population. Calineseu Was Key. In resisting exploitation of his country's resources by any foreign power which might seek to use the advantage for political profit, Pre mier Calineseu was a key man. Diplomats had believed that a peaceful, productive Rumania would be to war-pressed Germany's advan tage. The sudden Russian occupa tion of the common Polish-Ru manian frontier ahead of advancing German columns deprived Germany of more than verbal pressure from that quarter, the diplomats had con jectured. There have been many indications that Germany has been displeased with Rumania’s “lack of co-opera tion" in facilitating exports to the Reich. Diplomats assert Germany fre quently made use of Bulgaria and Hungary, both of which claim pre World War territory from Rumania, to “persuade" the Bucharest govern ment to make a show of appeasing German economic demands. That appeasement has not gone far enough has been apparent from re ports of recurrent German-Ru manian consultations on trade. Bulgaria's pet dream is to regain Dobruja. Hungarian revision centers on Transylvania. The slightest appearance of weak ness in the Rumanian government— especially if accompanied by sus picion that it originated from Ger man-Soviet pressure — might be taken as a signal by any neighbor ing power for "territorial adjust ments,” diplomats said. As minister of the interior until 1ft pf Kffo vftVt ti Hft Viftftn win T mier on the death of Dr. Miron Cristea. Premier Calinescu frequent ly was criticized in Bulgarian and Hungarian circles for what they said were stern measures in regulating their national minorities in Ru mania. Started Defense Line. Because Hungarian feeling al ways was so high over disputes af fecting 1.500.000 Hungarians in Transylvania, Premier Calinescu started a semi-Maginot Line of forti fications along the Hungarian fron tier this summer. Hungary, like Rumania itself, has been trying to avoid entanglement in the war over Poland. But the Transylvanian problem still re main unsettled. Like Bessarabia and Dobruja, it is a potential battle spark. Partly as a result of Premier Calinescu's diplomacy, Rumania re mains tied with Turkey, Greece and Yugoslavia in the Balkan entente. But Yugoslavia's friendship with Bulgaria now is generally considered even stronger than her Rumanian bonds, and it is considered prob lematical among some diplomats how much help Turkey and Greece could or would give Rumania if it came to a showdown. In the last analysis, diplomats say Rumania's fate depends on Russia and Germany. If either marches against Rumania then Bulgaria and Hungary are likely to follow. The inner collapse of Rumania might well be the signal to swing the war of the great powers into the Balkans. Miss Berry to Leave For Yeomen Convention A candidate for commander of the feminine branch of National Yeo men, Miss Charlotte L. Berry, mem ber of U. S. S. Jacob Jones Post ol National Yeomen, will leave tomor row for Chicago to attend the or ganizations annual convention. Miss Berry, who lives at 161 \ street N.E.. already is vice com mander of the national organization Which is holding its corfTention ir conjunction with the American Le gion conclave. Of the 675 states in India, 73 havi rulers who are entitled to a saluh of 11 guns or more and are ad dressed as “His Highness.’’ A AS PRESIDENT EXPLAINED NEUTRALITY VIEWS—President Roosevelt is shown here as he spoke before the special session of Congress, outlining his recommendations for revision of our neutrality law. Behind the President are Speaker Bankhead (left) and Vice President Garner. —Star Staff Photo. i Neutrality (Continued From First Page.) — Senator Glass, Democrat, of Virginia j shortly after 3:30 o'clock and re ceived Senators Barkley and Minton of Indiana and Senator Byrnes, Democrat, of South Carolina shortly afterward. All are committed to the administration proposals. That the opposition, voluble for! weeks, will be a compact fighting! group was assured during the after- j noon also as 24 Senators gathered in the office of Senator Johnson, Republican, of California, to chart their campaign against repeal of the embargo. Including 15 Republicans. 6 Democrats. 2 Farmer-Laborites and the lone Senate Progressive, the group selected the veteran Cali fornian as their leader. As chief policy man they chose Senator Borah, Idaho Republican,! another veteran of the 20-year fight for American isolation from Eu rope's quarrels. Senator Clark, Demo crat, of Missouri was intrusted with j principal responsibility for parlia mentary tactics, and Senators Li Follette. Progressive, of Wisconsin, and Nye, Republican, of North Dakota, were added to form a rela tively small strategy committee. May Stump Country. Planning not only ‘‘thorough de bate” in the Senate, the group was understood to have deciaea on a series of speaking engagements throughout the country. Pressure on members of Congress by both sides has been considerable and steadily increasing as constituents write and wire their views. One member of the newly formed opposition bloc, Senator McCarran, Democrat, of Nevada predicted at least 35 votes are assured against embargo repeal and that more are expected as debate continues. For their cause, an administration trio on the Foreign Relations Com mittee, Senators Pittman. Thomas of Utah and Connally of Texas un dertook preparation of a bill which would provide repeal of the embargo and inclusion of the six points ac ceptable to the President. In general, such a measure already is before the committee under the name of Chair man Pittman. With revisions, it is expected it will be substituted for the Bloom bill passed by the House before the adjournment, this pro cedure being calculated to speed the course of the legislation. Six Points Involved. The six points involved embrace the “ cash and carry" system re quiring belligerents to pay cash here 1 for all commodities and take them , away in their own ships; restrict American merchant vessels entering war zones, prevent American citizens from traveling on belligerent ships, bar war credits to warring nations, regulate collection of funds in the United States for belligerents and | maintain a licensing system for arms ! transactions. Although making it clear in his address yesterday that he favors I flexibility in any statutory regula 1 tion on these six propositions, Mr. Roosevelt acknowledged that "Con gress should make its own choice of the method * * * so long as the method chosen will meet the needs of new and changing day-to-day situations and dangers.” It was on the question of repeal of the embargo that he was most vehement and exacting. “I seek a greater consistency | through the repeal of the embargo provisions and a return to interna tional law,” the President told the Congress solemnly. “I seek re enactment of the historic and tradi tional American policy which, ex cept for the disastrous Interlude of the embargo and non-intercourse acts, has served us well for nearly a century and a half.” The policeman on the corner Is In a better position to see the whole traffic picture than you are on the sidelines. Observe his signals. New and used small uprights •nd spinets, $5 | monthly and up. IJ| ’ Money paid as * rental applies on Call I purchase price if _i you decide to buy later. 4730 This Changing Calinescu Assassination Will Start Nazi-Soviet F By CONSTANTINE BROWN. Rumania is waiting breathlessly for the “next thing to happen.” From the latest reports from various European capitals it appears the assassination of Rumania's strong man. Premier Calinescu, was not so much an act of revenge on the part of the followers of Codreanu as a possible diplomatic pretext for Russia and Germany to intervene in the country’s internal affairs. * * * * These reports indicate that the ring leaders of the plot had been in close touch with the German and the Russian authorities across the border. It is now fully expected in diplomatic circles that either Moscow or Berlin or both will once more say as they did in Poland, that because of chaotic conditions in Rumania they are forced to send troops to protect their minorities from the tyranny of King Carol and his militaristic government. There are in Rumania some 700, 000 Germans; that is to say indivi duals of Saxon origin who have lived in Transylvania for something like six centuries. There are also some 150.000 Russians who lived in Bessarabia at the time of the re annexation of that country by Ru mania in 1918. These minorities are more than ample to provide an excuse for the Russian and German governments to send troops into Rumania. * * * * All reports from the Reich indi ! cate that Hitler's heir to the throne. Field Marshal Hermann Goering, wants to get the whole Danubian Basin into the Reich's fold. It now looks to the German lead ers as if this is going to be a very long war—longer than even the Brit ish and the French think. From the military point of view the Germans have succeeded in do ing away—for the time being at least—with the eastern front. They are concentrating their forces on the Maginot Line. But there they are up against the same proposition the allies encoun tered when the war started. The Germans cannot break through the Maginot Line any more than the French and the British can break through the Siegfried Line. It is quite conceivable that Hitler will be more prepared than the allies to ! jeopardize the lives of half a million or more of his soldiers. But it is doubtful whether he will succeed even then. It is recalled that at Verdun, which was just a sand fortress, compared with the present Maginot fortifications, Germany had several hundred thousand casualties and did not get through. What the cost of breaking the Maginot Line would be is too ter rific even to estimate. The attack through Belgium or Holland is not child’s play, either. The Dutch have an army of some 500.000 men—all stubborn, sturdy soldiers—and can open up the dykes against any invading army. This would render the German mechan ized forces powerless. An attack against Switzerland is an impos sibility. The only way to get suc cessfully at the allies would be through Italy and Mussolini is still neutral. * * * * Under the circumstances it ap pears to many Germans that this is going to be a war of attrition: a war of nerves, where the men with the most stamina will eventually win. ■ But in order to have that stamina World Believed a Pretext That orces Into Rumania l it is important that the body should be well fed; the tanks and the air planes should not be lacking in gas and oil and the population behind the lines should be kept contented not only by general staff com muniques, but also by having enough of everything. The high seas are closed to Ger many and will remain closed for the duration of the war. But the Danubian states—Rumania, Yugo slavia, Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey —can all provide the Reich with most of the needed raw materials. They will obey blindly orders from Berlin as long as their governments are in Berlin's hand. The conquest of Poland and the German-Russian co-operation has had a devastating effect on those nations. But that is not enough Impressions, such as created by the success of the German armies in Poland, wear off after a while, especially if failures occur on the western front. Hungary and Bulgaria can be got ten into the Reich's fold by carving up Rumania and throwing a few bones to the Hungarians and the Bulgarians. Yugoslavia is cowed. Rumania however, may be more troublesome as long as Carol remains on the throne and has a government whic i obeys him rather than Berlin. And that is what he has now. If Ru mania can be reduced in size, Carol and his followers kicked out of the country or put in concentratior camps, the entire output of Ru manian oil and other impoilant rat* materials can be sent to Berlin And this is why in London anc 1 Paris it is firmly believed that wit.h i in the next few weeks Rumania will be invaded by German and Russiar ; forces. — Woman Burns to Death, Trapped in Her Home , By the Associated Press. ELKTON, Md„ Sept. 22.—Mrs ! Anne Albenese, 70. burned to death early today in a fire that destroyed her home near here. Trapped on the second floor, Mrs Albanese called for help from * ! window, but rescuers who tried tc reach her heard no more cries The body was not recovered. Ex-Envoy's Son, D. C. Graduate, Flees Poland One of the last Poles to escape from Soviet-occupied Eastern Po land is a graduate of Central High School. According to an Associated Press dispatch today, he is Prince Henryk Lubomirski, son of the first Polish Minister to Washington. While ir Washington he entered Centra: High School in January, 1920, anc was graduated in June, 1922. On his return to Poland, follow ing his father's service as Ministei here, he became a Jesuit priest, the Polish Embassy said today. (The Polish envoy was given the status of Ambassador in 1932.) In Krakow when the German in vasion started, the prince left his family estate at Herodenka, ther fled to the border by way of Kuty in Southeastern Poland, the Asso ciated Press reported. an invitation is extended to the public to attend a TRACTOR DEMONSTRATION 1 SATURDAY, SEPT. 23rd.—1 P.M. to 4 P.M. U. S. SOLDIERS’ HOME ! (Field immediately in front of the Dairy) ; Featuring the revolutionary new Ford Tractor | and Hydraulically Controlled Ferguson Plow. S2£sFM3MS OF WASHINGTON. D. C. Paris (Continued From First Page.) separate our provinces one from an other. "She printed maps showing our country amputated and split apart. She disguised Germans as Alsatians to parade in her congresses and cele brations. She sought with gold to find traitors in Brittany or Alsace. She does not change her methods She hvinted everywhere for a Seysz Inquart. (Austrian Chancellor who replaced Kurt Schuschnigg) to be tray his country; she hoped to find a Hacha (Czecho-Slovak President) to sign the downfall and consecrate the servitude. "But all France was ready. Among us there are no traitors, but one people, unanimous, courageous and resolved, who have WTitten on their banners: Liberty or death. • • • , “We wage war because we do not wish France to be enslaved. For her safety we will use all our forces. We will continue to take i every measure in the interior to order discipline and economy so that the entire country shares in the common effort. Think Only of Victory. "We will not permit certain indi 1 viduals to enrich themselves while others give their life blood. We are calm and resolved. We are not haunted like our enemies by fear of a long war. We think only of ! one thing: complete victory. “That virtnrv wp will rnnsiripr wnn when we can give Prance the secur ity which Hitler s projects destroyed for three years. “The test is hard, but Prance has conquered greater perils. Nothing has ever been able to destroy her. Always there comes the hour when moral forces which form the armor plate of great and peaceful nations can give them victory. ; “These moral forces inspire all our armies which danger has not caught unawares. They are material means which permit us to resist and con j quer. “They are courage. They are science. They are faith. “They are fighting for independ ence and security of our mother land and to finish forever with German efforts at domination. “France has not taken up arms to burn towns, murder women and children and torture defenseless men. She has taken up arms for a just and humane cause. “It is for that reason that victory , will be hers.” 80 Towns Reported Occupied by French BASEL, Switzerland, Sept. 22 UP) —French Army units—striking a wedge toward the heavily manned Siegfried line—were said today to have occupied more than 80 German towns and villages in the Saar-Mo selle triangle northeast of French German-Luxembourg border junc tion. A German “buffer line” in front of the west wall defense was re ported doggedly resisting the meth odical advance of French troops into the apex of the Saar-Moselle tri angle. French pressure along the Moselle which separates Luxemburg and Germany, was being increased, ob servers said. The renewed activity followed a lull described as “stra tegic waiting” during which both sides jockeyed for positions of ad vantage for a possible “big push.” Word reaching Basel indicated the German defenders had been forced back from the key rock—« strategic pinacle on the western i bank of the Saar River. A Congress Line-up on Neutrality Little Affected by Message Comment Indicates Few Will Alter Stand; Foes of Change Say Arguments Are Old By tbe Associated Press. Few, if any, members of Congress indicated today that President Roosevelt’s personally-delivered mes sage had changed their v?:ws on the neutrality issue. Supporters of the proposals to re peal the embargo set forth by the Chief Executive, regardless of party lines, lauded the presidential mes sage as the best way to secure peace. Those opposing any change in neu trality legislation viewed the mes sage as a repetition of old argu ments. Senate Majority Leader Barkley said the message portrayed “our in ternational situation in this great emergency” in a manner to assure prompt “consideration to his sound recommendations.” Senator Nye, Republican, of North Dakota, aleader of the opposition bloc, termed the message “a miser able failure’’ if intended to “demon strate the need for repeal of the arms embargo.” Another member of this group, Senator Lundeen, Farmer-Labor, of Minnesota said the Roosevelt pro posals were the “road to war.” Many Take Opposing View. Many lawmakers took, an opposite view, terming the proposals steps to assure peace. The veteran Senator Glass, Demo crat, of Virginia, who has differed sharply with Mr. Roosevelt on many domestic issues, termed the Presi dent’s arguments “very conclusive.’ Senator Austin of Vermont, as sistant Republican leader, found himself “very much in agreement.’ Senator Austin has announced sup port for the administration program Senator Byrd, Democrat, of Vir ginia said he believed the “strictest sort of cash-and-carry” neutrality vigorously enforced, was America’s best safeguard for peace. Many More Firm in Views. On the other side, Democratic Senators McCarran of Nevada anc Holt of West Virginia said the presi dential message convinced them ol their previous opposition views. “Give me the power and go home,’ Senator Holt suggested as a briel summary of the presidential appeal Senator Byrnes. Democrat, ol i South Carolina, selected to help lead ! the administration in the Senate said Mr. Roosevelt had demon strated he “is the leader of the peace bloc in this country.” Similar comment came from Democratic House leaders. Speaker Bankhead and Majority Leader Ray burn said Mr. Roosevelt spoke for the vast majority of citizens. Senator Vandenberg, Republican, of Michigan criticized the proposed return to international law as the “precise code that got us into the last war.” McNary Urges Consideration. Senator McNary of Oregon, the minority leader, said "the President stated his position with clarity and force, and his message is entitled to the respectful consideration of the Congress.” Sharpest criticism came from House members who have previously differed with the President. Representative Short, Republican, of Missouri charged the President “is willing to take blood money” to provide employment through arms and munitions manufacture. Representative Vorys, Republican, of Ohio, author of the administra tion-opposed amendment included in the neutrality bill passed by the House last session, said there was “nothing new” in the mesasge. Representative Fish, Republican, of New York, who represents Mr. Roosevelt's congressional district said he was amazed at proposals "for war profit and blood money.” Chairman Sumners of the House Judiciary Committee described the Roosevelt proposals as "the safest j course” among war risks. May Predicts Enactment. Chairman May of the House Mili tary Affairs Committee said the message "will change the opinions of the public” and predicted “speedy enactment” of the program. Support of the President's position I by Republicans was not limited to some of those in Congress. Col. Frank Knox, 1936 vice presidential nominee, said "the proposals he : made are sound and I agree with them entirely.” Federal Security Administrator Paul V. McNutt said “I am in hearty accord.” Further congressional comment follows: Senator King, Democrat, of Utah Regatta ^Continued From First Page.) Calypso, A1 Bauer, Olympic canoe coach in 1936. was broadcasting over amplifiers ashore. He was being as sisted by Stanley Bell, Dorian St. George and Raymond Michael, all of N. B C. Two of the six entries for the fea j tured President's Cup race roared over the course in speed trials during the morning. They were Herbert Mendelson's Notre Dame and Zal mon Simmon's My Sin, the latter the current Gold Cup champion. Miss Ruth Overton, daughter of Senator Overton of Louisiana, will receive her crown tonight as queen of the regatta aboard her flagship ( anchored near today's racing course as climax to a marine parade and fireworks display. Broader Fields Tomorrow. ; Moving into broader fields tomor j row, the regatta will see the opening heats for inboard racing craft, in i eluding the large Gold Cup boats I that compete in the feature Presi dent's Cup event. Pinal heats in ■ all classes will be run Sunday be ginning at 1 p.m. Before the last of exhaust fumes from sputtering outboard racers j have disappeared from the Potomac ! a large fleet of local pleasure craft from Corinthian and Capital Yacht I Clubs will stand ready to join the queen's flagship in a, parade to the j coronation site in Georgetown Chan ! nel off East Potomac Park. | Miss Overton, her ladies-in-wait ing and military and naval escorts will board the flagship, a 75-foot pa trol boat, from the new municipal Yacht Basin, Maine avenue and Thirteenth street S.W., at 7:30 p.m. Moving down Washington Chan nel, the Coast Guard boat will be joined by illuminated yachts of the Capital Club, and at Hains Point by motorboats from the Corinthian Club. The flotilla will proceed up Georgetown Channel, where the queen's boat will anchor. While the yachts continue in for mation to the Railroad Bridge, Miss Overton, flanked by Lt. Thomas R. Midtyling and Ensign Robert W. Goehring, both of the United States Coast Guard, will receive her crown from the hands of Undersecretary of Commerce Edward J. Noble at 8 p.m. They will then review the yachts. Following a large display of fire works set off from the Virginia shore of the Potomac, Queen Ruth and her party will return to Corin thian Yacht Club to start a tour of i night clubs. Special buses leaving the south side of the Treasury Building will transport persons to Hains Point both for the three day's of racing • and tonight's pageant. i ‘ Benefit 'Barn Dance' The District of Columbia Dental Assistants’ Society will hold a bene fit ’’barn dance” tomorrow night at the Lee Tavern, Arlington, Va. Dancing will be from 9 to 1. “Look for My Guarantee onl the Used Car You Buy,” I Says Ed. Carl ( MEW-CAR looks ond per formance, coupled with used-car cost—that's what you get when you buy a Call Carl Used Car—reconditioned and re built by Call Carl experts. Many almost-new trade-ins on the 1939 Hudson are now on display at the two Call Carl Used Car locations. | fl. ■ .— ■■■ ■ | M II ■■ . ■ Do thoy need washing? If not washable, they can be turned satisfactorily. CALL DIS TRICT 3324 for this economical service. THE SHADE SHOP 830 13th St MAlfr. . ■ ■ Call Dbtrict 3324 A r (In a cablegram from Honolulu)—I support the President’s policy to repeal Embargo Act. Senator Burke, Democrat, of Ne braska—Every one who believes In the fullest development of our na tional defense should support the repeal of the arms embargo. Senator Truman, Democrat, of Missouri—It was a great speech. Sees Inconsistency. Senator Walsh, Democrat, of Mas sachusetts—Practically every mem ber of Congress will agree with all the proposals made by the Presi dent to keep us out of war—except one. Many Americans, including myself, will not be convinced that we should adopt every conceivable proposal to strengthen our present neutrality law, and, with the same stroke of the pen, repeal the pro visions forbidding the sale of imple ments of war to belligerents. Senator Radcliffe, Democrat, of Maryland—Able, sound and per suasive. Representative Sabath, Democrat, of Illinois—A sincere, honest state ment of facts that should set every one at rest. BERLITZ ?5ar—Frf"ch\ Spanish, Italian, Ger man or any other lanfuaee made easy by the Berlitz Method——available only at the BERLITZ SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES. lUS Conn. Ave. National A27A THELEADINQBcfTYTOrCTHE 'wORLD™ 7 ■R* PRICESTll^i FI HISTORYI/ T ffluid lieafl A Thrifty to operate—Lonrer life— J I dependable. Truly Washlnrton's A h favorite oil burner. Thousand, in M ^ operation in D. C. and Vicinity. 1 l Easy Terms. A mj^jf / M I «r r*rn I I lili M. ; GGSIIWS • ncORRORATfD DO IT RIGHT” See The New PLYMOUTH 2020 M STREET N.W. 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