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Finns Deliberating Over Soviet Offer of ’Friendship Pact' Helsinki Fears Domination Of Neutrality; Will Make Counter-Proposals Bv NEGLEY FARSON. COPENHAGEN. Oct. 18 (N.A.N.A.). —Finnish statesmen are holding grave deliberations over the terms of Moscow's demands on the North ern country, according to a well informed observer in Helsinki with whom this corresponded.* talked over the telephone yesterda. The trouble seems to be not so much over the probable Russian de mands for the occupation of some Finnish islands as over Moscow's presumably proposed “friendship pact,” which, the Finns fear, means domination of their neutrality. Juho Paasikivi, Finnish representative in the Russo-Finnish negotiations, is expected to go back to Moscow with the counter-proposals in a few days. The Finns are maintaining such an impeccable and inscrutable si lence about the Moscow talks that there is even a cruious tacit agree- j ment throughout Finland not to dis cuss the subject. The Finns merely say that, if the I Text Moscow talks are short, then there will be a breakdown and they w-ill be ready to defend their coun try. If the conversations are long, thtere will be hope of a peaceful solution. Finland's principal cities have been evacuated by civilians, every one has orders for action in an emergency, and. in fact, the situation is only slightly different from a declaration of general mo uinua null. No Scandinavian Front. The meeting of the Kings of Nor way, Sweden and Denmark and Finnish President Kallio in Stock- I holm today should in no wise be in terpreted as a gesture of a Scandi navian offensive or defensive front. ' It is intended to express the Nordic countries' solidarity and their deter mination to preserve their neutral ity. j Denmark last May signed a non- | aggression pact with Germany, while Norway and Sweden refused to do 60. In March. 1938. when influential circles in Sweden seemed to be toy ing with the idea of a '‘Nordic de fense alliance." Thorvald Stauning. Social Democrat, who had been Premier of Denmark for nine years, went to the city of Lund, in Sweden.' and made an emphatic speech stat ing Denmark's refusal to join any such combination. Stauning s state ment of Danish neutrality is his toric and unswervable. The events to date in this war have only in creased Denmark's determination to remain neutral at any price. This, of course, does not imply that these countries would not fight If they were attacked. The Finns would fight to the last man before eurrendering to Russian domination and so, with more chances of suc cess. would the Swedes. But it is not believed that the Russians in tend to push things that far. With winter fast approaching, no sane observer believes that Moscow would attempt a Scandinavian ad venture across the swamps, lakes and forests of Finland and the heavily-forested northern sections of Sweden. Sub Attacks Let Up. The German U-boats seem to have let up in their attacks on Scandinavian shipping. There is a report here that three Danish freighters were diverted to Ham burg. that their cargoes were sold there and that the findings of the prize court will be made known in November. Observ jrs here believe the ruthless activity of German submarines against Scandinavian shipping in the last week of September and early days of October was an effort to drive the Nordic nations into some form of "peace front" which might be useful to German hopes in the ! same direction. Now that it has j failed, a new German attitude ] toward Scandinavian neutrality j _ ; /-'«_* —5 iu;n Dvvmu in oi^iu, VUHU1.1.H u nu.il Lii*-. and also fitting in with the German Russian jigsaw in the Baltic Sea, is the fact that the Germans have laid a new mine field between Gedser, Denmark, and Warnemunde, on the German coast, dividing the Baltic In two parts and enabling Germany to control all the shipping coming from the easteryn part of the Baltic to the western. Scandinavian (Continued From First Page.) Gustaf yesterday by the Swedish National League of Youth. Finland Hopes for Aid In Soviet Negotiations HELSINKI. Finland. Oct. 18 (*>).— With the Finnish national a.ithem ringing in their ears. President K.voesti Kallio and Foreign Minister Eljas Erkko departed by plane for the Stockholm conference. The Finnish government hoped to find in the conference with the rulers and statesmen of Sweden, Norway and Denmark support and guidance in the critical negotia tions with Soviet Russia. A government spokesman said Dr. Juho Kusti Paasikivi, principal Fin nish negotiator with Russia, prob ably would not return to Moscow before Friday night, after the Stock* holm meeting Prime Minister Aimo K. Cajander, Foreign Minister Erkko and Paasi kivi discussed the Russian proposals yesterday. The spokesman said no reply to Russia had been agreed upon and that the Stockholm delib ciauuiis iingut iui mu proceedings." Tension relaxed among the Fin nish citizenry for the first time In two weeks. Berlin Silent on Policy Of Soviet in Baltic BERLIN, Oct. 18 (yP).—Germany will not move a finger to influence Soviet Russia's relations with the Nordic and Baltic states one way or another, authoritative sources said today. They said it was up to these states to make their own arrangements as best they can, just as Germany has made her terms with Russia. German sources vigorously deny that Germans have a moral or other responsibility for the fate of the Nordic or Baltic states. Germany's relations with these states, they point out, have always been cor rect, normal and decent, but the Nordic states themselves always in sisted this relationship must not go beyond that point. ft The War in Europe—Day by Day Nazis Stage Spectacular Bombing Raids on British Naval Bases, But Lack of Real Punch Hints at New Peace Efforts ) LUXEMBOURG . BlRKENFELD / • 4| ////,,. Y SAARBRUECKEN'/ ✓ / , . . \ “ /•THBBAUECKLN \ FOtBACH SAAREGUEMtNES # BITCHE ?KARLSRUHE ** U HASUENJ^J C E '} STRASBOURG i_«• *| WESTERN FRONT.—Bitter fighting continued today on the western front's north flank, where French claimed the German push already had cost the Nazis 5,000 casualties. Fighting was heaviest in the vicinity of the Borg Forest <1) and in a small area southeast of Saarbruecken <2>. In a triangle formed by the Rhine, the Lauter and Wissembourg (3> Swiss observers said the Ger mans were massing for a big offensive against the Lauterbourg area, the “hinge” of the Maginot Line. Rear areas on both sides were reported seething with preparedness. Cross-hatched areas were principal places of activity. —A. P. Wirephoto. By DEWITT MACKENZIE. Associated Press Staff Writer The German advance along a 20-rmle front in the Saar region, and the spectacular if not very de structive Nazi bombing raids on the great British naval base at Scapa Flow, would seem to emphasize that Herr Hitler has come to the end of the passive resistance which he has been offering the allies in large measure while he has been dicker ing for peace. However, there were aspects of yesterday's operations which gives one to wonder. They were legiti mate measures of offensive, but both on land and on sea they lacked the mighty punch which we have been led by Berlin to expect. Then, too. they weren't lacking those marks of nobless oblige which have persisted during Herr Hitler's “peace offensive." It is hard to escape the impression that the Ger man attacks were calculated to be both useful and impressive, with out arousing an unquenchable anger on the allied side. Peace Efforts May Be Clue. A Paris dispatch says this morn ing that the Nazi Fuehrer is far from finished with his peace efforts. That may be the answer to our puzzle. The German attack in the Saar was carried out on such large scale ! as to permit it to be designated as an “offensive." However, while there appears to have been a heavy artil lery duel, the attack didn't involve ! hard infantry fighting. It was not • a great battle. Indeed, according to the accounts of both sides, the operation con sisted mainly of the Germafi re occupation of territory which the French had seized early in the war, but recently abandoned. The French explanation is that they originally took this area in order to "relieve the Polish armies indirectly," by trying to draw Ger- i man troops from the Polish front j to meet the French assault. How- \ ever, in preparation for the German > offensive, which was foreseen, the j French two weeks ago decided to fall back to other positions, the Poles j having passed beyond the need of aid. It's No-Man's Land Again. The German communique in very quiet terms acknowledges that the "French troops evacuated the great est part of the German territory they had hitherto occupied in front of our fortifications, and retreated | to and across the border." There . was no effort on the Nazi part to ! make a great victory out of the movement, or to crow over their success, despite the undoubted value of the advance from the propaganda standpoint. What has happened thus far in the Saar fighting is that the position has been restored in large degree to what it was when the war started. The positions which the French were occupying on German soil were in the inhospitable no-man's land be tween the German West Wall and the French Maginot Line. No-man s land is itself again. Beyond this, the movement may I signify preparations on the part of j the Germans for a major offensive | in this region. If the Nazis arei contemplating a big drive they will, have to get it started soon, for the winter weather is closing in and will render military operations ex tremely difficult. The present atti tude of the allied forces appears to be defensive—leaving it up to the Germans. No Waves of Bambers. The German air raiads over the Scapa Flow naval base, in the Ork ney Islands just north of Scotland, were carried out by just a few planes and not by the huge waves of bomb ers with which the Nazi military authorities have been threatening the allies. It wolud appear that apart from some damage to the - ■ ■ — I ancient naval training ship Iron Duke the raids had little material effect. What the moral effect may have been doesn't appear, but the appear ance of raiders more than once over naval bases certainly is some thing to cause the British author ities at least to check up on their defenses. One still wonders, however, why the raids didn't represent a much more vigorous effort on the part of the Germans. It would almost seem that the Nazis were pulling rabbits out, of the hat to astound the world, without intending to do much more than that. Had they employed the much advertised waves of planes in great numbers the story might have been a very dif ferent one. Fighting (Continued From First Page.) pillboxes and minefields. Before re treating. it was said, they laid out mines of their own to impede Ger man operations. Behind their new line of defense the French have drawn up heavy tanks in large numbers. French military men believe these monsters, designed for use in counterattacks and liaison work, are the most powerful weapons of their kind in the world. They carry crews of at least four men each, and their armament in cludes machine guns and smaller caliber cannons. Heavily armored and equipped with radio, the tanks have a maximum speed of about 25 miles per hour. Defense Campaign Seen. Observers expected that the French, having withdrawn to appar ently strong positions, would content themselves with waging a defensive campaign, attempting to inflict as many losses as possible upon the Germans while keeping the war off French soil. Winter weather was expected within a few weeks to thwart any German offensive ambitions on the western front, while the naval block ade W'as relied upon to undermine German morale during the months of enforced inactivity ahead. The French meanwhile closely watched Soviet Russian negotiations with Finland and Turkey to deter mine how much of a role Adolf Hitler is playing behind the scenes. Xhe French felt the Fuehrer was far from finished with his “peace offen sive.” On the home front, Minister of Agriculture Henri Queuille ordered all butcher shops in Prance closed on Mondays and banned sale of beefsteaks on Tuesdays. The rea son for the action, he said, was an over-supply of veal, pork and mut ton. The United States Lines an nounced, effective Thursday, an in crease of 33.33 per cent in all pass enger fares from Europe to N?w ! York. The same increase previously had been ordered on all eastbound i fares. German Drive Expected Near Middle of Border BASEL. Switzerland. Oct. 18 (.T). — Rear areas on both sides of the western front seethed with activity today in the wake of German thiusts which Swiss observers be lieved were intended to divert at tention from preparations for a bigger push. These observers said the offen ! sive, when it comes, probably will i be directed against the Wissem bourg-Lauterbourg - Rhine triangle 1 near the middle of the German French frontier. For the third successive day and night, it was reported, the Ger mans continued to concentrate troops and offensive material at Karlsruhe and other points in the strategic Lauterbourg sector. The concentration movement was said to have been in no way af fected by assaults which the Ger mans have been making on the northeastern end of the front, near the Moselle River and east of the Saar. i The French, dispatches indicated, i have been matching the German concentration with their own rein forcements. I The Germans were reported to have assembled large numbers of tanks in the first line of the Sieg fried fortifications near the Lauter River. These would be of no use ■ — I for offensive purposes, however, the Swiss said, until infantry and en gineers succeeded in crossing the Lauter and spanning the rain-swol len stream with pontoon bridges. In this connection the French noted that pontoons from Austrian factories which recently passed through Baden were reported to have been sent farther north. Letabhehed 1895 10UIS ABRAHAMS OANS ON JEWELRY * 3220 B. L An. N.E. ■I Cash for Your Old Gold __711GSt.N.W._ EXCELLENT SERVICE LOVING MOTORS Graham Loving, Owner 1822 M Sf. N.W. REpublic 2430 wm The Devoe 2-Coat Paint System prepares the surfaces and finishes all at one time. 922 N. Y. Are. Notf. «6(0 » P A Special Purchase provides an unusual *) ? opportunity to buy one of these x l Harris Tweed 1 | topcoats j £ Six months ago we contracted t > for this group of topcoats. 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ISTANBUL, Oct. 18.—The pos sibility of a Soviet Russian pact with Turkey dimmed today in the wake of Prime Minister Reflk Saydam s assertion that Russian demands had proved contrary to Turkish policy in the Dardanelles. Reporting to a parliamentary group of the Republican Peoples Party, Saydam declared at Ankara last night that three weeks of dis cussion in Moscow had proved fruitless. The prime minister said that Russian proposals were contrary to Turkish security, failed to com pensate her for obligations she was asked to assume and were in compatible with Turkey’s previous commitments to Great Britain and France. He added, however, that despite the breakdown of negotiations, rela tions between Turkey and Russia remained friendly. Tending to con firm this statement were dispatches from Moscow telling of the hearty sendofT given Turkish Foreign Minis ter Sukru Saracoglu as he departed for home. Meanwhile it was reported that formal signing of a Turkish pact with Britain might be expected this week—possibly Thursday or Friday. The agreement would find Turkey and Britain to fight together in event of war in the Mediterranean. There is a similar agreement with France, whereby Turkey obtained tho 1H nnn_criiiarA-mi1f» orpa r\f tho Hatay Republic, formerly a part of France's Syrian mandate. This pact was signed June 23. The prelimi nary exchange of British-Turkish i pledges was made on May 12. A Turkish military mission has been in London awaiting the out come of the Moscow talks. Saydam's announcement did not disclose the nature of the Russian demands to which he referred. It was widely reported here, however, that the Soviet sought an agreement to bar all foreign warships save her own from passage through the Dardanelles—entrance to the Black Sea. It also was reported on good au thority that Foreign Minister Sara coglu had rejected three other Rus sian proposals—recognition of the partition of Poland, formation of a neutral block in the Balkans under German-Russian influence and Rus sian and Bulgarian expansion at the expense of Rumania. At the time the talks in Moscow were initiated. Turkish officials said they saw no inconsistency in their commitments to France and Britain and a pact with Russia, with whom Turkey has maintained consistently close relations. Russia Plans to Resume Talks With Finland MOSCOW. Oct. 18 (/Pi—Soviet Russia turned today from her at (east temporarily snagged negotia tions with Turkey to preparations for a resumption of talks with Fin land within the next few days. After three weeks here Turkish Foreign Minister Suk.ru Saracoglu left for home shortly after midnight today. Bands blared and Soviet of ficials expressed formal best wishes for Turkey, but they still were with out a Turkish-Russian pact. Tass, the official news agency, commented that Saracoglu s visit had “provided the occasion for a comprehensive exchange of views” and said the exchange took place in a "cordial atmosphere." The Tass announcement added that the confereees had decided it was desirable "to maintain contact also in the future for joint discus sion of questions of interest to the Soviet Union and the Turkish re public.” French and British quarters, which had remained in close contact with the Turks during the long par ley here, appeared satisfied at the turn of events. It was reported that the British and French desired no rupture between the Russians and Turks. The allies were said to fear that an open break might drive Rus sia into closer co-operation with Germany. A more optimistic attitude toward the Finnish-Russian relations was apparent in foreign circles. There was growing hope for peaceful set sia and Finland, once a Russian grand duchy. With the Russian-Turkish talks halted and negotiations with Firt land in a state of suspense the Kremlin opened conversations with a German delegation on the repatri ation of German minorities in the Baltic states and former Polish ter ritory. 'Satisfaction' Over Stand Voiced by British By the Associated Press. LONDON. Oct. 18 —British “satis faction" with the statement of Tur key’s Prime Minister on that coun try's discussions with Soviet Russia was described today by a diplomatic correspondent of Reuters, British news agency. He wrote: “It is clear from the statement that the Soviet govern ment endeavored to persuade Tur key's Foreign Minister Saracoglu that Turkey as guardian of the straits (Dardanelles! should close them to all powers, although by the treaty of Montreux she had agreed to allow a passage of naval ton nage equal to the strength of the Russian fleet in the Black Sea. ‘‘It is not known what compensa tion was offered to Turkey to vio late her signature to the treaty, but the Turkish government has set a striking example in her determina tion to uphold what is one of the chief war aims of the allies, name ly the respect of undertakings free ly entered into.” Pennsylvania Blamed For River Pact Delay By the Associated Press. PITTSBURGH, Oct. 18 —Pennsyl vania was held up today as the principal stumbling block in the way of an interstate agreement for puri fication of the Ohio River. Delegates to a nine-state con ference on the Ohio River Valley water sanitation compact declared that if this State would co-oper ate the way would be cleared toward mitigation of "the serious menace to public health caused by discharge of millions of gallons of sewage and industrial wastes daily into the Ohio and its tributaries.” Indiana, New York. Illinois. West Virginia and Ohio have ratified the pact with Kentucky. Virginia and Tennessee Legislatures expected to act at their next sessions. A rati fication bill passed the Pennsylvania House at its last session, but died in a Senate committee. The conference adopted a resolu tion empowering the Pennsylvania Commission on Interstate Commerce to name a committee for devising ways and means of obtaining the State's co-operation in the move. Night Owl MILWAUKEE. Oct. 18 (/TV—Nine patrons were lined up at a tavern bar when a tenth popped in—a large owl which perched itself on the bar looked around and. as owls do. said, "Who? Who?” But nobody was buying, since all the customers had ducked for cover and called the police. They took the wise one to the station. Balkans Refusing To Show Favoritism In War Supplies i German Trade Mission Fails to Gain Increase After Month of Work *> By the Associated Press. BUDAPEST, Oct. 18.—The little nations of Southeastern Europe are maintaining their independent spirit by refusing to favor any belligerent country economically, a survey indi cated today. A striking instance of this inde pendence was seen in failure of a German trade mission to obtain any great increase in vitally needed war materials from this section, which * she considers one of her natural trade areas. Experts from Berlin spent more than a month in the capitals of Hungary, Rumania. Bulgaria and Yugoslavia. They sought oil for the Nazi war machines and food for Nazi soldiers, and it was no secret that they also hoped to close this area as much as possible to Great Britain and France by purchasing the bulk of all the supplies the little nations could export. Pearetime Ratio Kent. The net result of the mission's strenuous negotiations is that Ger many is to get no more goods, re gardless of her needs, than she did in peacetime. This is the way things turned out in the little nations: YUGOSLAVIA.—A new agreement leaves the old trade volume un changed but provides that Germany must greatly increase her shipments to settle large clearing house deficits or run the risk of losing Yugoslav contracts. Statistics just issued show that Yugoslav exports to Germany dropped from $23,000,000 in the first eight months of 1938 to $15,000,000 in a similar period this year. BULGARIA.—The prices Germany must pay for all goods are raised by a new agreement which provides payments largely in oil and the rest in gold. Oil Export Unchanged. RUMANIA.—The export of oil— greatest need of Germany's mechan ized army—is left unchanged by the new trade pact, but regardless of the agreement, statistics from the oil producing areas of Rumania indi cate a decline in shipments to Ger many because of difficulties of pay ing for transportation. HUNGARY—Because of her new common frontier with Germany, Hungary was counted on to ship the Reich vast quantities of fats, which are scarce in many parts of Ger many. But when the German ex perts came to Budapest, the ques tion of payments was raised, for Germany already owes Hungary $16,000,000. The German mission found the Hungarian attitude to be that trade increases were no good if the profit was a paper one. Turkey—Several weeks ago. when a German trade agreement expired, Turkey served notice she would not negotiate a new one. 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