Evening star. [volume], October 19, 1939, Page A-3, Image 3

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Cabinet Resigns
As Bulgaria Swings
Closer to Russia
Mihaloff, Regarded as
Friendly to Moscow,
May Form New Group
By the Associated Tress.
SOFIA. Oct, 19—Premier George
Kiosseivanoff and his cabinet, who
had pursued a mildly pro-German
policy, resigned today as Bulgaria
swung toward closer co-operation
with Soviet Russia.
It was considered probable Stefan
Mihaloff, a deputy regarded as
friendly to Moscow, would be desig
nated by King Boris III to form a
new cabinet.
Kiosseivanoff, a close friend of the
• King, had been Premier and foreign
minister since his cabinet was re
constructed November 14, 1938.
Under his guidance Bulgaria has
won the right to rearm, denied by
World War treaties, and has signed
friendship treaties with Yugoslavia
and Turkey.
Partition of Poland and Russia’s
emergence to new dominance in
Southeast Europe has changed the
Balkan picture, however.
The cabinet crisis came as Bul
garian troops stood guard along the
frontiers wdth Turkey and Rumania,
both of which have received pledges
of military aid from the British
French bloc.
It was indicated that new troops
might be called to the colors, giv
ing Bulgaria nearly 500,000 men un
der arms.
Un-American
(Continued From First Page.)
" lawyers with him both started talk
ing at once, protesting against ques
tions concerning political ideologies.
“The committee is here to get
facts and not crackpot opinions.'
blurted Peter L. F. Sabbatino. one
of the attorneys.
Chairman Dies, gaveling the room
to quiet again, ordered a luncheon
recess.
Rebellious from the beginning as
he protested that he should be in
• New York preparing his defense,
Kuhn quarreled first with a specta
tor who made some over-loud re
mark as he entered the committee
room, then engaged in a continuing
wrangle with committee members
and counsel.
“Ill ask the chairman to throw
you out if you make remarks about
me,' the stocky bund leader com
plained as he caught the spectator's
• uncomplimentary but unrecorded
words.
Finally taking his seat, he produced
the list of 71 bund units in 19
States and their accompanying
•‘little Fuehrers." No unit was listed
for the District, but 23 are in New
York State.
Testimony Privileged.
As Kuhn protested against being
forced to appear at this time, Chair
i man Dies assured him his testimony
would be privileged and not admis
sible to the record when he appears
before the court. The chairman also
assured him the committee's exami
nation would be concluded today.
Kuhn told the committee he had
been unable to find in New York
newspapers a clipping of an article
to which he had referred when he
testified in August. The article, he
said then, concerned a visit to Rus
sia by Bernard Baruch.
“I told you at the time I didn't
think you'd ever find it.’’ com
mented Representative Thomas, Re
publican. of New Jersey.
“That's your opinion, but mine's
different," KUhn shot back, abruptly
adding. "You've hounded us enough."
“Let's don't have any exchanges,”
orawieu onairman uies.
Denies He Is a Nazi.
Rhea Whitley, committee counsel,
said that during Kuhn's previous
appearance the bund leader had
testified his position was not sim
ilar at all to the positions of Nazi
leaders in other countries, such as
Konrad Henlein in Czecho-Slovakia.
•'■I told you at that time and I
tell you again I'm an American citi
zen and I'm not a Nazi either,”
Kuhn snapped.
When Representative Thomas
suggested that Henlein was a citizen
of Czecho-Slovakia, the bund leader
snapped:
“How do you know?”
Mr. Whitley then held up a Ger
man language paper, the Week Ruff,
which he described as the official
organ of the bund. He read a head
line:
‘‘Fritz Kuhn—America's Henlein.”
Objected to Article.
Kuhn said he had objected to the
paper s editors about publication of
the article appearing under the
heading.
“I just said this article shouldn't
appear.” he explained. He issued
no denial, he said.
“You just disapproved privately,”
Mr. Whitley commented.
The committee questioned Kuhn
closely about a speech attributed to
him in the newspaper, now owned
by the bund. He was quoted as say
ing Chancellor Hitler told him at a
conference in Germany to go back to
the United States and "continue
your fight.”
The witness explained that the pa
per was privately owned when that
was published and he vigorously de
nied that either he or Hitler hac
made such a statement.
The witness said he met Hitler Au
gust 2 in Berlin. The Germar
Fuehrer, he said, inquired when hi
(Kuhn) was in Germany the las
time, examined an Iron Cross or
his coat and asked whether he wa:
a war veteran, and then “wanted t<
know whether the Olympic games ir
Germany, that year would create i
better understanding between th<
Reich and the United States.”
Again—this time by Represent*
tive Thomas—Kuhn was asked »
Hitler inquired about the progres
of the bund in this country.
The witness snickered. "Excusi
me, I have to laugh,” he said.
Says lie Favors Neutrality.
Kuhn subsequently told the com
I mittee he favored American neu
> trality and remarked: “I can't bi
! on the German side.”
I “We are trying to be loyal, pa
triotic American citizens,” he add
ed, "but you have hounded us sc
, long we have to defend our loy
1 alty.”
Mr. Whitley questioned him a
length about an international con
ference in Nuremburg. Germany, ir
1936. Representative Thomas want
ed to know how he managed to gei
•a seat at the conference in the dip
lomatic section.
“I just got a seat there.” he said
"The people over there are ven
polite. If you'd go there I'm sure
' you would sit there, too.”
At this point Chairman Dies or
dered movie news reel cameramer
in the room to turn off a battery ol
j floodlights. He suggested the light:
i “bothered” the witness.
“The lights don't bother me,’
said Kuhn. "You do.” The witnes:
later testified he had not WTitter
his mother in Germany since 1931
for fear an “innocent" letter might
be used to show he had some con
iivvnuil « 1U1 Hit XVCit/1 1.
Questioned About Dr. Ross.
“You have destroyed all youi
mail,” charged Chairman Dies.
The witness declared if the bund
is given a "fair trial” and a “fail
investigation," it would not be nec
essary to destroy mail.
Committee Counsel Whitley latei
questioned Kuhn about a Dr. Colir
Ross, who came to this country
from Germany several years ago or
i a lecture tour. He admitted he had
1 met Dr. Ross and had attended sev
eral of his lectures.
Mr. Whitley asked if Dr. Ross had
taken any pictures in American
navy yards.
"That's the first time I've heard
that.” he said.
Kuhn added he understood the
only pictures Dr. Ross took in this
country were of a "cultural” nature
and of German settlements.
Beal Quiz to Resume.
The committee later today Is ex
pected to question again Fred Erwin
Beal, the North Carolina convict,
who calls himself "a disillusioned
Communist.”
For nearly three hours yesterday
afternoon the committee heard Beal
describe his experiences as a labor
organizer for the Communist party,
Serving 17 to 20 years in State
Prison at Raleigh for conspiracy to
murder Police Chief O. F. Aderholt
of Gastonia, N. C„ in the bloody
textile strike of 1929, Beal, who has
been freed for several days, ap
peared under guard.
He outlined events leading up to
the strike and his subsequent flight
to Russia on a false passport as a
fugitive from justice, following, the
conspiracy conviction.
“I saw so much misery in Russia
I felt compelled to come back.” he
declared. "I felt it was my duty to
come back and tell the workers here
the truth. I knew my coming back
would be hazardous with 17 years
hanging over my head.”
Beal, who said he became inter
ested in the labor movement at the
age of 14 while he was working in a
textile plant in his native town of
FRED E. BEAL.
—Harris-Ewing Photo.
i
Lawrence, Mass., detailed to the
committee how he joined the Com
munist party which he saifi sent him
into the South to organize textile
| workers. He declared he took that
: assignment "to my great sorrow.”
Beal said while he was in Gas
i tonia attempting to organize the
textile workers, Communists from
| New York “flocked in on the job.”
He also declared that throughout
his connection with the Communist
party he was “always at logger
heads” with its leaders.
Following conviction in connec
tion with the Gastonia case, Beal
said he and the other defendants on
being released on bond went to New
York where a Communist leader
suggested they flee to Moscow,
j “I was an innocent man and I
i saw no reason why I should run
1 away,” he declared.
However, after consideration, Beal
said, he decided it would be proper
! to go to Moscow for a visit to see |
whether it measured up to all the
\ virtues claimed for it by the Com
munists.
Beal, a blue-eyed blond of 43, told i
the committee he went to Russia j
under the name of Samuel Cohen.
After the hearing the committee
made public a letter from Rockwell
Kent, the artist, protesting against
references to his being a Communist
and to a question whether he had
received a $40,000 fee for painting
an Interior Department mural.
“I am not a Communist,” Mr.
Kent wrote Chairman Dies.
I -
American Seaports
And Waters Closed
ro Belligerent Subs
President Invokes
Authority Under
Neutrality Act
By JOHN C. HENRY.
American seaports and territorial
waters were closed today to belliger
ent submarines. Prohibition against
their entrance, except under nar
rowly restricted emergency condi
tions. was proclaimed last night by
President Roosevelt.
Acting under specific authority of
the Neutrality Act, the President
issued his restrictive proclamation
In the wake of frequent reports that
foreign submarines have been
sighted in past weeks off the Amer
ican Atlantic and Caribbean coasts.
Conditions of Refuge.
Pointedly making his ban apply
both to "commercial submarines and
submarines which are ships of war,’
the Chief Executive left the under
seas ships the privilege of refuge
)nly in conditions of “force majeure,”
defined as times of violent storms,
damage to operating machinery ot
the vessel, or similar circumstances
jeopardizing its safety. Even in
such cases, however, the ship must
sail in the prescribed waters on the
surface, with true flags showing, and
oe permitted to remain only 24 hours.
Presumably because all the world
is believed to have certain theoretical
if not possessive rights to use of the
Panama Canal, the President spe
cifically excluded the Canal Zone
from the prescribed area.
The proclamation did not, how
ever, offer any definition of terri
torial waters, a phrase which always
has been flexible in character, but
which the President recently
stretched to new limits by defining
it as “as far as our interests extend.”
At other times 3-mile and 20-mile
limits have been accepted.
Merchant Vessels Not Affected.
Inclusion of commercial undersea
boats in the prohibited classification :
recanea mar during me world war
German submarines twice visited
American ports on commercial mis
sions while their surface ships were
being completely blocked off by Brit
ish naval watches. Last night's proc
lamation did not extend to armed
merchant vessels, although the same .
section of the Neutrality Act does
give the President discretion to im
pose a similar ban on such ships.
In closing his proclamation, the
President enjoined on all United
States enforcement officers ‘'the
utmost diligence in preventing vio
lations * • • and in bringing to
trial and punishment any offenders
against same.” First enforcement
line in this case probably would be
the Atlantic patrol of Coast Guard
and Navy ships which has been on
duty for the past three weeks or
more.
Penalty Imposed.
Violation of the Neutrality Act, if
conviction follows, is punishable by
five years in prison or a fine of $10.
000. It is believed the actual ships
in violation could be interned.
In another phase of wartime ship
ping affecting the United States, the
special fleet of five liners chartered
5y the Maritime Commission to bring
back Americans from Europe will be
released within a few days, its mis
sion completed.
The last of the ships, the St. John,
has just sailed for New York with
less than half its capacity filled. The
Acadia is due this week with a pas
senger list several hundred below
capacity.
Three others, the Orizaba. Shaw
nee and Iroquois, have arrived in
American ports. Each made one
round-trip, and altogether they
brought back to the United States
about 2.080 passengers.
The State Department estimates
more than 60.000 Americans have
been brought home in the last two
months.
Proclamation on Submarines
American Ports Closed to U-Boats
Of Belligerent Countries
By the Associated Press.
The text of President Roosevelt's
proclamation yesterday closing
American ports to submarines of
nations at war:
Whereas section 8 of the joint res
olution approved August 31, 1935,
as amended by the joint resolution
approved May 1, 1937 (50 Stat. 127;
U. S. C. Sup. IV, Title 2?, Sec. 245E),
provides:
"Whenever, during any war in
which the United States is neutral,
the President shall find that special
restrictions placed on the use of the
ports and territorial waters of the
United States by the submarines or
armed merchant vessels of a foreign
state will serve to maintain peace
between the United States and
foreign states, or to protect the com
mercial interests of the United
States and its citizens, or to pro
mote the security of the United
States, and shall make proclama
tion thereof, it shall thereafter be
unlawful for any such submarine or
armed merchant vessel to enter a
port or the territorial waters of the
United States or to depart there
from, except under such conditions
and subject to such limitations as
the President may prescribe. When
ever, in his judgment, the conditions
which have caused him to issue his
proclamation have ceased to exist,
he shall revoke his proclamation and
the provisions of this section shall
thereupon cease to apply.”
Whereas there exists a state of
war between Germany and France;
Poland; and the United Kingdom,
India, Australia. Canada, New Zea
land, and the Union of South Af
rica;
Whereas the United States of
America is neutral in such war;
Now', therefore, I, Franklin D.
Roosevelt, President of the United
States of America, acting under and
by virtue of the authority vested in
me by the foregoing provision of
section 8 of the joint resolution ap
proved August 31. 1935. as amended
by the joint resolution approved May
1, 1937, do by this proclamation find
that special restrictions placed on
the use of the ports and territorial
waters of the United States, exclu
sive of the Canal Zone, by the sub
marines of a foreign belligerent
state, both commercial submarines
and submarines which are ships of
war, will serve to maintain peace
between the United States and for
eign states, to protect the commer
cial interests of the United States
and its citizens, and to promote the
security of the United States;
And I do further declare and pro
claim that it shall hereafter be un
lawful for any submarine of France,
Germany, Poland, or the United
Kingdom, India, Australia, Canada,
New Zealand, or the Union of South
Africa, to enter ports or territorial
waters of the United States, exclu
sive of the Canal Zone, except sub
marines of the said belligerent states
which are forced into such ports or
territorial waters of the United
States by force majeure; and in such
cases of force majeure, only when
such submarines enter ports or terri
torial waters of the United States
while running on the surface with
conning tower and superstructure
above water and flying the flags of
the foreign belligerent states of
which they are vessels.
And I do hereby enjoin upon al'.
officers of the United States, charged
with the execution of the laws there
of. the utmost diligence in prevent
ing violations of the said joint reso
lution, and this my proclamation is
sued thereunder, and in bringing to
trial and punishment any offenders
against the same.
This proclamation shall continue
in full force and effect unless and
until modified, revoked or other
wise terminated, pursuant to law.
In witness whereof, I have here
unto set my hand and caused the
seal of the United States of America
to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington
this eighteenth day of October, in
the year of our Lord nineteen hun
dred and thirty-nine, and of the
independence of the United States
of America the one hundred and
sixty-fourth.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT.
Sitatunga Birth Puzzles
CHICAGO (•£•).—Fans of the fauna
at Brookfield Zoo gaped in wonder
when it was announced a sitatunga
had been born there. But the
sitatunga situation didn't puzzle
Director Edward H. Bean. He knew
it was just a swamp antelope.
Fritz Kuhn, German-American Bund leader, puffs on a
cigarette while waiting to testify—over his protests—before the
| Dies Committee today. —A. P. Photo.
A.ct iVoir/
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1. =====1
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i Corner 13th & G Sts. |
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1
M. SGHNIDER
SWISS WATCH REPAIRER
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WATCHES SOLD AND REPAIRED
527 9th St., Cor. F
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1330 G Street
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*
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