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Congress' Opposition . Of Neutrality Zone Crystallizing Norris Fears Program Might Involve Some Of Americas in War B? the Associated Press. Congressional opposition appeared today to crystallizing attempts of 21 Latin-American nations and the United States to maintain a neu trality zone in the oceans around the New World. Voicing an opinion in which some of his colleagues concurred private ly, Senator Norris, independent, of Nebraska said he thought establish ment of such a zone had no sub stantial basis in international law. He also indicated belief that the program might even lead to involve ment of some of the American re publics in war. Senator Norris disclosed his views as officials of the American repub lics polished up the strong phrases of a joint declaration to Europe’s belligerents, protesting that the S00 mile zone has been violated. Declaration Due Soon. That declaration, prompted by in cidents such as the fight of the British cruisers with the German pocket battleship Graf Spec near Uruguay last' week, may be issued this evening. It will be sent to the belligerents by Don Augusto S. Boyd, President of Panama. Senator Norris, objecting to the policy involved, said he thought there was ample precedent in inter national law to support a 3-mile zone or even one 12 miles offshore. “But," he added, “to arbitrarily say that there shall be no battles and no guns fired within 300 miles of our shores is assuming jurisdic tion that we do not possess and have no right to assume. Protest Plans Go Forward. The American governments, never theless, went forward with plans to tell the belligerents that: 1. They have repeatedly violated the neutrality zone. 2. Stronger measures than the declaration may be expected if vio lations of the zone continue. 3. The American republics plan further consultations to determine upon these measures. Among the measures that may be discussed is the exclusion from all assistance in pan-American ports of belligerent warships engaged in war activities within the zone and the interning of warships seeking refuge in such ports. May Force Reply. The declaration probably will serve as a means of forcing replies from the belligerents to the notice of creation of the zone served on them in October, when the zone w-as mapped out at a conference of American republics in Panama City. Authoritative sources said the wording of the declaration would be the same to all belligerents. Secretary Hull said yesterday the protest would be ready by this aft ernoon or tomorrow. The department has not yet completed its inquiry. In response to a question, Mr. Hull said no reply had come from Great Britain to the American note of two weeks ago on Britain’s blockade of German exports. He added that a reply was ordinarily expected to such a note. oov. o lonor Deluged With Holiday Delicacies By the Associated Press. ANNAPOLIS, Dec. 23.—Gov. O'Conor will get Indigestion for Christmas if he even eats a dent in the mound of holiday dainties sent him by admirers. Goodies ranging from old colo nial-recipe plum pudding to veni son and including terrapin, oysters and other famous Maryland prod ucts, have been showered on him daily. Three-year-old Bobby, the Gov ernor’s youngest child, has eyes no smaller than dinner plates every time the postman arrives. Bobby has definitely transferred his affec tions from the mythical but never seen Santa Claus to the flesh-and blood postman. He explains Santa is only supposed to come once a year, and the mailman ns back every hour with a full pack. The older O’Conor children, counting up the Governor’s Christ mas cards, found he has received more than 4,500 holiday remem brances from friends in 30 States and two foreign countries. Every mail brings other hundreds of cards, and mailmen may soon form the first O’Conor for President Club—just to get him out of the State and save their aching feet. The holiday week end will be a double main event in the O Conor clan. Mrs. O’Conor’s birthday is to morrow. Highways of Virignia In Good Condition By the Associated Press. RICHMOND, Va., Dec. 23.—The State Highway Department has ad vised Christmas travelers in Virginia that they will find all highways in good condition, that there are no detours and that construction proj ects are in good condition. Should snow or iee cover roadways during the holidays, the department announced, “every road will be cleared the same as at any other time.’’ Perry Heads Odd Fellows GAITHERSBURG. Md.. Dec. 23 (Special).—Officers have been elect ed by Pride of Montgomery Lodge, No. 180, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, as follows: Harry C. Perry, noble grand; Harry E. Bertschy, vice grand; William Waters, 5th, recording secretary: Basil D. Schwartz, financial secretary; Hugh Carter, treasurer, and Albert W. Clagett, chaplain. Pastor Announces Topic The Rev. W. Keith Custis, pastor of the Riverdale, Md., Presbyterian Church, will preach on ‘‘The Christ mas Road” at the 11 a.m. service to morrow. Argentina Gets Nazi Note BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 23 (/P).—A note from Germany protesting in ternment of the Admiral Graf Spee’s crew was delivered to the foreign office today by Otto Meynen, Ger man Embassy counselor. RIO DE JANEIRO.—ARK ROYAL TAKES ON BATTLE SUP PLIES—The British aircraft carrier Ark Royal loads fuel and provisions at a dock here. Left rear Is the battle cruiser Renown and right center is the light cruiser Neptune. The plane car rier sailed shortly before the Graf Spee was blown up, and the Renown and Neptune departed separately the next day, De cember 18. _ —A. P. Wirephoto. Finland (Continued From First Page.) vance of troops on Finland’s terri tory.” Jibe at British, French. The Finn’s Mannerheim IJne across the Karelian Isthmus just north of Leningrad was described as equal to Germany’s Siegfried Line on the French frontier, but the Russians said they had broken the Mannerheim Line at several places, and jibed that the British and French were not doing as well against the Siegfried Line. ‘‘Finland was building these forti fications for four years,” said the communique, “with the aid of three foreign states which fought among themselves for influence in Fin land as a base for attack on Lenin grad and later on Moscow.” It was on the ground of protecting Leningrad, the Soviet Union’s sec ond largest city, that Russia origi nally made territorial demands on Finland that led to the war. “In its defense power, this system of artificial fortifications, as, for in stance, on the Karelian Isthmus, reinforced by natural conditions, is in no way inferior to the defense power of the fortified Siegfried Line on the western frontier of Germany, against which British and French troops have been fumbling already for four months without making the slightest progress,” the army as serted. “The Red Army knew of these difficulties in Finland and therefore never expected to annihilate the Finnish troops by one lightning blow. “Only ignorance or overt hostility toward the Red Army could ascribe to Red Army leaders the wish to do away with the Finnish troops in one week.” auea on ivremnn carpel. Reports regarding Gen. Metets koff, however, said he had been called on the Kremlin carpet two days ago to explain lack of success against the Finns, and it was said he was blamed for insufficient prep aration for a quick victory. Observers also professed to see significance in the absence of Andre Zhdanoff, Communist party secretary in Leningrad, from among the Soviet leaders whose names were appended to published birthday greetings to Joseph Stalin Thursday. Zhdanoff has been largely respon sible for the recent policy toward Finland, and had been regarded generally as Stalin’s probable even tual successor as Communist party leader. Otto Kuusinen, chairman of the Russian-sponsored ‘‘people’s govern ment” for Finland at Terijokl, was listed by Tass News Agency today as sending congratulations to Stalin. Observers previously had not noted his name. The Red Army reported that since th^ war’s start it had advanced about 81 miles from Finland’s Arctic coast, about 92 miles “in the direc tion of” Uleaborg, 50 miles in the vicinity of Serdobol and about 40 miles on the Karelian Isthmus. Uleaborg, known in Finland as Oulu, is a Gulf of Bothnia port at Finland’s “wasp waist”; Serdobol, the Finnish Sortavala, is on the eastern front just north of Lake Ladoga. On these four fronts the Russian advances were listed as averaging 3V2, 4V4, 2% and 2 miles a day, respectively. Admits 1,823 Killed. Of recent developments, a com munique from the Leningrad mili tary district today said, “Nothing of importance took place on the front December 22.” Since the war began, the Red Army said Soviet casualties were 1,823 killed and 7,000 wounded. The Finns, it said, lost 2,200 killed, more than 10,000 wounded, 1,402 privates, 105 non-commissioned officers and 18 officers captured. Capture of 35 cannon, 300 machine guns, 3,000 rifles and other equip ment from the Finns also was re ported. The Finns have reported “annihi lation” of entire Russian battalions and regiments. As long ago as De cember 11, Copenhagen newspapers estimated Russian casualties on the Karelian Isthmus alone totaled 25,000. Nevin Transit Merged With Eastern Trails, Inc. Bj the Assoeleted Pres*. TRENTON, N. J„ Dec. 2?.—Merger of the bankrupt Nevin Transit, Inc., with Eastern Trails, Inc., was ap proved today by the Board of Public Utility Commissioners. The combined bus system, to be known as Eastern Trails, Inc., oper ates between New York, Washing ton, Pittsburgh and intermediate cities. It was granted permission to issue $60,000 capital stock and ordered to retire all Nevin stock within SO days. , Cold Men Better Crime Targets, So Judge Gives Them His Coats By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, Dec. 23.—The cor pulence and charity of Judge Frank lin Taylor—Kings County Court led him onward today in his fight against shirt-sleeved crime. His extra wardrobe has been re duced, practically, to a mere spare dinner Jacket—but prisoners who have come coatless and shivering before him recently have left the Judicial presence clothed, sentences suspended—and, on occasion, with a pocketful of change. His latest sartorial open-handed ness took three coats at one swoop, and led him to account for his ac tions thusly: His conviction that a shivering man yields more readily to the im pulse to crime than a man with a coat; a steady and dignified increase in judicial girth, and the appear ance of prisoners who did not seem to him to be professional criminals. Circumstances have arrived at such a point, however, that court attaches determined today that no man who really had a coat should appear coatless before Judge Taylor. The Judge disclaimed any osten tatious charity—an attitude borne out in the manner he handled the first coat-giving case a month or so ago. The prisoner appeared with neither coat, nor outer shirt, and the judge quietly gave him a jacket and a few dollars. On December 5 an unemployed man was arraigned on a charge of stealing food. Judge Taylor sus pended sentence, gave him a sweater and $5. Yesterday three more prisoners appeared, all coatless. Said the jurist to the first: “Do you know what the weather is outside?” “It's pretty cold, your honor.” “Haven’t you any coat?” “No coat, boss—your honor.” The “boss” turned to clerk, said, “There are three coats in my locker.” The clerk knew what to do. He found a heavy red wind breaker, a blue sports jacket and a topcoat. As he distributed them Judge Taylor made the prisoners' sentences the time they had served waiting for arraignment and wished them a merry Christmas. Capt. Irvin Seriously Hurt In Airplane Crash Capt. Prank G. Irvin, attached to the Materiel Division of the Office of the Chief of the Air Corps, U. S. Army, was seriously injured early today when the plane he was landing at Indianapolis Municipal Airport crashed, according to the Associated Press. A passenger was seriously hurt. Capt. Irvin, it was said, was on an inspection trip which carried him to the West Coast, and he was en route to Bolling Field here at the time of the crackup. The craft was wrecked, it was said, when it nosed over as Capt. Irvin tried to land in a slight fog before dawn. Airport attaches reported he came down at the Municipal Field after deciding that Stout Field, the In diana National Guard Airport, was too small The passenger in the plane was identified as H. W. Kellhofer of Dayton, Ohio. Fine Christmas Spirit! SAC CITY, Iowa, Dec. 23 <JP).— The Christmas tree a Sac City man "had promised his girl friend” cost him $100—in Justice Court. He was accused of cutting off the top half of a tree and leaving the bottom half standing—in a ceme tery. The justice fined him $50 to cover the value of the tree and a similar amount on a charge of defacing public property. 30 Doctors and Nurses At Gallinger Stricken Some thirty doctors and nurses, including several student nurses, have been ill since Sunday at Gal linger Hospital with stomach disor ders. Dr. Daniel L. Seckinger, assistant health officer of the District, said that an epidemiologist from the de partment was sent to Gallinger yes terday to find the cause of the “epi demic.” The epidemiologist and Dr. Edgar A. Bocock, superintendent at Gallinger, said they believed the dis ease was a mild form of influenza. They did not And indication of food poisoning. None of the stricken doctors and nurses was critically ill, Dr. Seckin ger said. Britain Will Expedite Goods for Argentina Bj the Asioetated Press. BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 23.—British Ambassador Sir Esmond Ovey dis closed yesterday that the British gov ernment has decided to accord prior consideration to shipments of mer chandise to Argentina in order to hold the market. Speaking before the British Cham ber of Commerce, Sir Esmond said the Argentine government and the British embassy already had com piled a list of British goods in which Argentina is interested primarly and the estimated quantities re quired. PARIS.—IN RED CROSS UNIT—This photograph, passed by the French censor and radioed from Paris to New York, shows the Duchess of Windsor serving in the French Red Cross Automo bile Service. Her husband, the former King of England, Is with the alllaa at the front. —Wide World Radiophoto. -4 Fokker (Continued From First Page.) hat. Mr. Fokker drew on a scratch pad the Initial designs for the air planes which the Army airmen, Maitland and Hegenberger, flew from the American mainland to Hawaii; which Rear Admiral Rich ard E. Byrd flew the Atlantic, in 1927; which Sir Charles Kingsford Smith used in many ocean cross ings, and which Amelia Earhart rode in as a passenger in her At lantic crossing in 1928. Of the many thousands of air planes which Mr. Fokker manu factured during his lifetime, there were others which made headline news as exploratory or record breaking machines. And most of them were designed with that un cannily accurate rule-of-thumb which Mr. Fokker developed at the age of 10. On one occasion his engineers were having trouble with the per , formance of a new plane. Disgusted, __ ■ ...—.. ANTHONY H. G. FOKKER. Mr. Pokker climbed into the cockpit and went aloft. “Take 96 square inches off the rudder,” he ordered curtly when he landed. It worked. Born in Java. One morning Mr. Pokker's em ployes arrived at his plant in New Jersey to find him pacing the floor and cursing eloquently. “My design!” he shouted, point ing to the wall in a comer of the factory. Somebody with a whitewash brush had covered up a sketch and some figures on a proposed plane which Mr. Fokker had penciled there. Known as the “Plying Dutch man,” Mr. Pokker was born in Java, April 6, 1890, the son of a wealthy coffee planter. At an early age he was taken to the Netherlands, where his father, retired from business, hoped to provide the boy with a sound technical education. Anthony already had exhibited his bent. Once he blew the fuses of the street car company in the city of Haarlem by throwing a wire over a trolley line to get electricity for his toy railroad. He made all his own mechanical toys. Sent to an engineering school, he quit forthwith lecause, as he ex plained, he disagreed with his pro fessors. At the age of 18 he had begun to construct his first airplane. It was completed in 1910 and, in the Rus sian military competition at St. Petersburg it ran away from the rest of the field. Mr. Pokker had found his lifetime work. Hired by Germany. He peddled the design to several governments unsuccessfully. But Germany hired him. In 1913, under contract, he was teaching young Germans to fly in a military school. At the age of 24, Mr. Fokker was a vital part of the German military establishment as it entered the Wnrlri War Mr. Fokker’s planes not only met the demands of the army. TTiey out flew anything the allies could pit against them. In all, he built more than 8,000 military machines for Germany during the war and acted as consulting engineer in the manu facture of thousands of others. As a sideline Mr. Fokker developed the first synchronous machine gun for the German Army to permit fir ing through the propeller arc. He insisted later that the British “stole” his idea for a gun of their own, though examination failed to sub stantiate his claim. Only 28 when the war closed, Mr. Fokker found himself possessor of a fortune-of 30,000,000 marks, owner of two airplane factories and an. armament factory, and holder of a controlling interest in a motor works. With Germany’s collapse, he calmly loaded everything he pos sessed that could be moved on a special train and crossed the border into the Netherlands. The Ger mans protested in vain. Mr. Fokker’s uncanny sense at Allied Navies Alert 4n Hearing 500 Nazi Ships Are Returning Hitler Is Said to Have Ordered Them Back By All Possible Routes By the Associated Press. PARIS, Dec. 23.—French naval sources said today the allies are keeping close watch for approxi mately 500 German ships reported to have received orders to return ‘‘by all possible routes” from neutral ports to the Reich. These vessels have been immobil ized since the start of the war with an estimated total cargo of 1,800,000 tons. Authoritative sources said Ger many apparently is making a great effort to get raw materials which the ships carry. Naval sources said they had learned many German merchant ships already had left neutral ports in obedience to orders from Berlin and the rest were preparing to leave. The allies anticipated at tempts to scuttle any of these ships stopped by British or French war ships. these authorities said. The latest official French figures reported 23 German ships had been scuttled by their own crews, send ing 157,000 tons of merchandise to the bottom. The French added that 27 German ships had been cap tured. Allied contraband controls and warships have seized 870,000 tons of Ge;man merchandise, the French said. Military sources reported intense cold on the western front caused temporary suspension of patrol ac tivities by both sides, but that op posing aerial forces engaged in nu merous flights and dog fights over the lines. proportion in engineering design and the success of his planes in war time brought him an invitation to come to the United States. He al ready had established the Nether lands Aircraft Co. in 1919 in Am sterdam, and four years later he founded the Atlantic Aircraft Co. in Hasbrouck Heights, N. J. It was then that Fokker non-mil itary airplanes began to become fa mous. Before he retired from active designing and construction, his ma chines had been purchased by 25 governments and more than 50 air lines throughout the world. Scores of them, constructed in the 1920s, are still in use. He was the first manufacturer to make a large airplane entirely of wood. Criticized in a board meet ing of one of his companies, he once shot back testily, “They work, don't they!” His planes were noted for the tremendous stresses they could absorb in flight without damage. Explosive Personality. Mr. Fokker brought his explo sive personality into the work he launched in the United States. It was not uncommon for him to Sum mon his engineers from bed for a conference. He regularly worked 16 hours a day. He neither smoked nor drank. He held conventionally trained engineers in a sublime con tempt. xne actor in rum came out once in Washington when he took aloft a group of United States Army officers to demonstrate a new plane. One by one he stopped each of the three motors. Then he crawled out of the cockpit and sat down in the cabin. “What's going to happen?” asked one of his passengers, alarmed. "That's what I want to find out,” said Mr. Fokker. The plane nosed down gently as it lost flying speed. As it regained its speed it levelled off. For several minutes it alternately glided and returned to level flight. “See?” remarked Mr. Fokker, shrugging. He climbed back into the cockpit, started the motors again and landed, chuckling. Unit of General Motors. In 1927 Mr. Fokker’s American company became a unit of the General Motors Corp. Not all of his planes were suc cessful. As against the big Fokker plane which the Army flyers, Mac Ready and Kelley, flew non-stop from coast to coast in 26 hours in 1923, the designer turned out a huge passenger plane in later years which, though it flew, airlines refused to huy. Though Mr. Fokker retained his business interests, for fully five years he had not been active in airplane design or construction work. He began building boats. A Fokker yacht of bizarre appearance, accidentally ignated, burned up last October. Twice married, Mr. Fokker was twice a widower. He became a cit izen of the United States about eight years ago. NEW YORK. —PRINCESS HERE—The Princess Stephan ie Hohenlohe Waldenburg Schillingsfurst of Hungary is shown as she arrived yester day aboard the Holland American liner Veendam with 106 pieces of luggage. The princess, loser of a recent breach of contract suit against Publisher Lord Rothermere, arrived incognito as “Mrs. Waldenburg,” a name which appeared on pieces of her lug gage. —A. P. Wirephoto. Montgomery Seal Sale Returns Reach $4,200 Returns in the annual Christmas Seal sale in Montgomery County, Md., through the third week total $4200. it was announced yesterday by Mrs. William Dahl of Silver Spring, chairman. Of the 14,000 envelopes containing seals that were mailed to county residents there are still 9,800 out standing. In order to eliminate as much of the followup work as pos sible, Mrs. Dahl requests that re turns be made as soon as possible. A quota of $5,500 has been set. A part of the tuberculosis program planned for the coming year is to contribute to the salaries of the nurses, permitting an increase in the county staff. Col. Burress to Serve Here LEXINGTON, Va., Dec. 23 UP).— Col. Withers A. Burress, V. M. I. class of ’14 and commandant of cadets at Virginia Military Institute since 1935, has been scheduled for assignment to duty at the office of Chief of Staff in Washington, as a member of the General Staff Corps, effective May 15, 1940. The mothboat, a blunt-nosed miniature sailing craft, was origi nated in Elizabeth City, N. C. jsssssasassess®: Kieran Still on Pay Roll, la Guardia Says B* the Associated Press. NEW YORK, Dec. 23.—Mayor La Guardia, who announced last week he had dismissed his press secretary, James M. Kieran, said yesterday his aide was “entitled to a vacation” and still was on the city pay roll. Mayor La Guardia and Mr. Kieran conferred for several hours and then left City Hall together. When asked whether Mr. Kieran was reinstated, the Mayor told reporters it was “none of your damn business.” He described the meeting as a social call. Mr. Kieran said only that he had gone to City Hall to “wish every one a Merry Christmas.” Mayor La Guardia said last week he had fired Mr. Kieran “because he had called me a so-and-so.” Mr. Kieran has made no comment. OPEN EVENINGS TILL XMAS™™ mm HOLIDAY SPECIALS ON KODAKS Mari* Camera* • Phot* 8nppll*f ■ ^ Capital Camera Exchange —1003 Penna. Are. N.W. Wa. 0933— j Mother Froman’t i Phan* NAt W01 ar C509 Whale Baaat hi no Chlekep Bax Whal* PrleO hi X r Chicken Bex V A • lO \ 10* Oellxcrx Chare* ar ■tap hr HOP Oth Ot. N.W. mssm V 7-ClHru A CHRISTMAS DINNER VS*rr»4 In fho howyMol Amhwitodor J 9\ Room from oooo 'fit 9 9. hi. Chr'irimwt V Vo«y. ft a251 FALSE TEETH REPAIRED WHILE YOU WAIT BOBT. B. SCOTT. DENTAL TECH. 600 14th at E. Bma. Ml. M* MEt. 1833. Prlaata Waiting Boom* FORDS ENGINE HEADS WELDED | WELDIT, INC. 516 1st St. N.W. ME. 7944 FULLER BRISTLECOMB HAIR BRUSH Dotin’t Diitarb tht Wav I CAMERA EXPERT Invites von to see his lane display of cameras and accessories. XMAS SPECIAL LIST FREE! BRENNER ^ Until Xmas: Daily. 8:30 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. For the Convenience of Last-Minute Shoppers We Will Be OPEN SUNDAY Dec. 24, 1 P.M. to 9 P.M. GARRISON'S "The House Full of Christmas Gifts* 1215 E St. N.W. I "" 7T I nr --— I Are m kapfiu! \ | | |. $ ; CLOSED S Simdou 4 Mcmdaw I ft* Christmas $ $ There IS a Santa Claus! The ' $ boss has given all 95 of us ; \ employees two days off to ; ; spend with the family. But ( s we're open through Saturday j X night to make you happy, ; ^ too, with a variety of tempt- J i; ing sea food dishes and de- ; £ licious steaks! $ § Unrestricted Parking \ Washington's Largest \ $ SEA FOOD RESTAURANT $ § 9th and Maine Avenue S.W. £jj I £ WE WISH YOU ALL A " i ^ TOLMAN LAUNDRY $ (This Should Be ) S^YOIJR Laundry A Service for Every Need ROUGH DRY • 'THRIFTY" • 'TOLMAN WAY" • BACHELOR'S DE LUXE FINISHED FAMILY • HAND CUSTOM FINISH • “CERTIFIED” DRY CLEANING "USE THE PERFECT CLOTHESUNE—WOODLEY 7800" TOLMAfk * r. W. MACKENZIE ^ 5248 Wisconsin Avonuo WOoilljf 7800