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Message Holds Hope For Allies Can Even Draw On Speech for Peace Basis By DAVID LAWRENCE. Some day the historians will say of President Roosevelt that he cer tainly used variety in picking the theme and treatment of his annual message to .-. Congress on the pm •‘State of the i|jg Union.” mr The address W this week dif- 1, fered from all fijM others. There IPS was no polemics §■ In it. no note of I i party warfare or class bitter ness —just an ™ e x p r ession of what Mr. Roose v e 11 thinks intern ational David Lawrencf policy of the United States in a time of world war. The communication was hardly neutral in spirit because it was a plain statement of the belief of many Americans that the Nazi governm^it has been the aggressor in the war. Likewise, it was a denunciation of the totalitarian type of government, with the com ment that America could not be unaffected by the existence in the world at the same time of such despotism. Mr. Roosevelt took pains to in- i dicate that he does not believe the I United States should send troops j overseas or become entangled in foreign alliances but his words were so carefully chosen that foreign observers will not fail to infer that J he thinks America some day might | do everything except participate in a military way to aid the cause of democracy. A Passage for Attention. Perhaps the President did not Intend his remarks to be so con strued, but there is one passage, which will attract wide attention in this respect. It reads: “I can understand the feelings of those who warn the Nation that they will never again consent to the Bending of American youth to fight on the soil of Europe. But, as I remember, nobody has asked them to consent—for nobody expects such an undertaking. “The overwhelming majority of our fellow citizens do not abandon In the slightest their hope and ex pectation that the United States will not become involved in military participation.” But will America become involved in any other kind of participation? i In a sense every nation which con tinues to trade with the belligerents | is involved in the war. But in re cent months British and French ob servers have said again and again that they did not expect, no matter how badly their fortunes turned in the war, to see America come to their rescue with troops. There has, on the other hand, been a recognition BDrOaa Ol tuc pUJ>J5iUi.Ui/,y i/iiab mo United States might come to the financial aid of the allies or extend credits. This is a problem of the future, however, which nobody can foresee at the moment, especially since the allies are by no means on the losing side of the game so far as the war J to date is concerned and their po- | tential resources are admittedly > greater than those of the Germans. Hints Moral Support. What Mr. Roosevelt's message does, however, is to express in an implicit rather than in an explicit | sense the belief that the President | has concerning the overwhelming moral support which the American people in his judgment have for the allied cause. The fact that so much of the mes sage was devoted to a denunciation of the philosophy of force which brought on the war, and that em phasis was placed on the need for world-wide recognition of freedom of speech and of the press and of religious worship served to confirm the evident purpose of the Presi dent to make the German people realize, if they ever see the message, that America’s sympathies are with democracy as against autocracy. Again and again there are refer ences in Mr. Roosevelt's message to the negotiations for peace which in evitably must come some day. The statement that the United States may become a healing force and help "lighten the troubles of the world,” or that America may take her role as “a potent and active factor in seeking the re-establishment of peace” will be regarded as an ex pression of what Mr. Roosevelt may yet hope to accomplish before the ending of his career in public serv ice “Certain Freedoms Essential.” Would the allies as a condition of peace take their cue from Mr. Roosevelt's message? He stated a possible war aim thus: “Of course, the peoples of other nations have the right to choose their own form of government. But we in this Nation still believe that such choice should be predicated on certain freedoms which we think are essential everywhere. We know that we ourselves will never be wholly safe at home unless other governments recognize such free doms.” If Britain and France should re quire as a prerequisite to peace that the peoples of Central Europe be emancipated from dictatorship, they will be able to point to Mr. Roose velt's message of January 3, 1940 as a historic precedent for their con tentions concerning a true basis for peace. For Mr. Roosevelt has said in another way what President Wil son said in 1917, namely, that the world must be made safe for democ racy by the concerted action of de mocracies everywhere. (Reproduction Rlchts Reserved.) Blasted Headache NASHVILLE, Tenn.. Jan. 4 «»).— A grizzled 49-year-old dynamiter, denying he was drunk as charged, told Judge John L. Draper he had eaten bits of explosive to stop a hpflriarhp "Them pills,” he explained, ”is the onliest thing that’ll make my head stop hurtin’ after a hard day of blastin’. But it makes me stag ger.” The judge freed him. * The Capital Parade Jackson Called White House Choice As Hull's 1940 Running Mate By JOSEPH ALSOP and ROBERT KINTNER. The stock of Robert Houghwout Jackson is currently rising like a rocket on the political bourse. The able and personable Solicitor Gen eral, who has done an excellent job as the Government's chief court room lawyer, was promoted today to the Attorney Generalship. And while he waits to take over his new job, he has Just been repeatedly gazetted a; the White House candidate for the Vice Presidency, on a ticket headed by Secretary' of State Cordell Hull. The ultimate source of these reports is widely said to be the Presl dpnf. hlmcplf whioV* molrnc tVin whole business embarrassingly reminiscent of the time when the President decided to run Jackson for the Governorship of New York. On that occasion, the Jackson can didacy, which was rather amateur ishly managed, ran head on into the loyalty of the New York State leaders for Postmaster General James A. Farley. The leaders Irnnar To »— * n i • ■ CAN YOU \ beat ^ THAT^rsTc—7 Tr-s L man, and, with the excuse of Jackson's “60 families" speeches of that fall, they turned him down flat. Until Jackson was mentioned as a possible running-mate, It was always Farley's name which was coupled with Hull's in the political talk. After the New York Governorship business, there was a period of somewhat strained feelings between Farley and Jackson. Recently, they became friendly again, and have seen one another in a pleasant way on several occasions But although Jim Farley is anything but a sour or grudge-bearing man, he can hardly be expected to enjoy the new rumors. They seem likely to sow new dissension in Democratic ranks. Sad New Dealers Aside from the fact that Jim Farley certainly deserves high rec ognition from his party, a Hull-Jackson ticket is very logical. Hull is agreeable to the President, warmly admired by conservative and ortho dox Democrats, and not too upsetting to the New Dealers. He is thoroughly familiar with American foreign policy. As foreign policy is likely to be the major Presidential preoccupation for a tragically long time to come, Hull's training in this field is a most important special qualification which he shares only with the President himself. In domestic matters, however, Mr. Hull is known to be conservative in tendency. If the President should accept Hull without condition, the President's New Deal followers could accuse him of letting them labor in the vineyard without reward. Thev mav not carry the vote of a single delegate to the convention, as their enemies so frequently point out. Yet the President undoubtedly feels an obligation to them, and to the great domes tic movement which he started and has now laid aside only because of his preoccupaion with foreign affairs. The choice of Bob Jackson as Hull's running-mate fully meets this situation. Jackson has always been the New Dealers’ favorite bet for a platform man from their own ranks.'and they could hardly complain of a ticket composed of one man whom they tepidly approve and another whom they enthusiastically indorse. Signs of Distress The curious thing is, however, that reports of a Hull-Jackson ticket have been received in New Deal circles with signs of distress. The trouble is that the New Deal group is whole-heartedly set on seeing the President make a third-term effort, and every indication that he is not willing to is t decidely unpleasant to them. The Hull-Jackson ticket was certainly not their idea, which makes it all the I more likely it was the President's. If Hull and Jackson really are the [ President’s choices, it is too bad that the news has leaked out so soon Between now and the convention, there is a great deal of time. Every Republican politician and a good many Democrats will use the op ’ nnrtlinitv fn tn kp nnt-shnts of thp intended nominees. But. before the Democratic conservatives go after Jackson too freely, there is one thing they should remember. That is the President's remark, in discussing his own future, that, if there were one thing that might persuade him to run again, it was his enemies’ habit of cutting down his proteges the instant his hands had been laid on their shoulders. Meanwhile, Jackson has a tremendous job to tackle, for Prank Murphy, hard as he has worked, is leaving plenty of thorny problems behind in the Justice Department. In the New York governorship business, Jackson was tapped without being much consulted. It may be assumed that the same thing has happened again. Undoubtedly, he would gladly accept the reported arrangement, but, until the time comes, he will tend to his official knitting. (Released by the North American Newspaper Allianee. Inc ) Theater Sues 12 Film Firms On Anti-Trust Charge By the Associated Pres*. PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 4.—Charg ing violation of the Federal anti trust laws, a Philadelphia theater has sued 12 major motion picture companies and the local manager of Loew's, Inc., for $75,000 damages. Owners of the Admiral Theater also asked Federal District Court for an injunction against alleged “monopolistic” practices by the 13 defendants. Contending that it was entitled to triple damages under the Sher man and Clayton Acts, the theater asserted that the defendants cut off its supply of feature films because it reduced admission prices from 25 to 15 cents to meet competition from nearby chain theaters. Triple damages can be awarded under the anti-trust laws if it is shown that a defendant interfered with interstate commerce. The suit named these defend ants: Warner Brothers Pictures, Inc.; Warner Brothers Circuit Man agement Corp., Warner Brothers Theaters. Inc.; Vltagraph. Inc.; Paramount Pictured, Inc.; Para mount Pictures Distributing Co., Inc.; R-K-O Radio Pictures, Inc.; Loew's, Inc.; Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp.; Columbia Pictures Corp.; Universal Film Exchange Inc.; United Artists' Corp. and Rob ert Lynch, Philadelphia manager ol Loew’s, Inc. Dies Probe to Be Topic At Town Hall Tonight Gardner Jackson, legislative rep resentative of Labor's Non-Partisan League, will be principal speaker J tonight at the Town Hall of the Air program at the Jewish Community | Center. The subject will be “Should the Dies Committee be Continued?” Other speakers on the broadcast i will be Roger M. Baldwin, director of | the American Civil Liberties Union; Samuel Barrett Pettengill, vice chair man of the National Committee to Uphold Constitutional Government, and Rubin Borasky of the center’s service council, who will be chairman of the meeting. Representative Heinke To Be Buried Saturday E> the Associated Preaa. MORRILTON, Ark., Jan. 4 —Rela tives have announced that funeral services will be held at 3 p.m. (C. S. T.) Saturday at the Nebraska City, Nebr., Lutheran Church for Repre sentative George H. Heinke, Repub lican, of Nebraska. Burial will be at the Wyuka Cemetery. The Representative’s son, John Paul Heinke of Omaha, will leave here this afternoon with the body. Representative Heinke died in a nospital Tuesday night of injuries suffered December 26 in an automo bile accident while en route to Washington. Mrs. Heinke, 51, also injured in the accident, was still in a critical condition at the hospital. CTHE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not * necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. The Political Mill m Roosevelt View That Domestic and World Issues Are Interwoven Draws Fire in Congress By G. GOULD LINCOLN. President Roosevelt’s annual mes sage to Congress on "The State of the Union” turned out to be—as he very frankly said himself—a dis cussion on the state oi tne ■ world. The Pres- I 1 d e n t believes I that underf present condl- f tions, It is inrf* jg possible not to " consider world affairs when we 1 consider our do mestic affairs; that the two are so closely woven together as to be inextricable. 4 This is a thesis on which some G. Gould Lincoln, of the members of Congress are un willing to go along with the Presi dent. They follow him, almost to a man, in the belief that America should be prepared to defend itself in the event of attack. But that the freedom of the American people is necessarily bound in with the free dom of other peoples is something they are not willing to concede. The message was generally re ceived with friendly acclaim, how ever. Particularly was the Presi dent’s assertion that no one had any expectation that this country would become involved in the war with Europe given generous applause. Also well received was the announce ment that the budget which he is sending to Congress today would show reductions in practically all governmental expenditures except those for national defense. Trade Treaty Defense. The President’s defense of the Hull reciprocal trade agreements! was whole-hearted. He insisted that , the European wars had not made : such agreements any less necessary, I and that when it came to making ! peace abroad, the principle of the trade agreements, if adopted gener ally, would go a long way toward making a more permanent peace. In some quarters the President’s championing of the cause so dear to the heart of the Secretary of State was even interpreted as evi dence that the Chief Executive was giving his approval to the possible nomination of Mr. Hull for Presi dent when the Democratic National Convention convenes next summer. This is carrying interpretation to an ! extreme degree. Mr. Hull has made 1 it abundantly clear that he is not seeking a presidential nomination, although he is highly regarded throughout the country for his able and unselfish public service. But : certainly the President's attitude : seems to imply that he could have I iiu pussiuie uujecuun iu me iiuuuiia tion of his Secretary’ of State. Genial Attitude Cited. The President's genial attitude at, this opening of the last regular ses-1 sion of the present Congress—the ! pleasant manner in which he has i greeted Vice President Garner, both | at the White House and again at the j joint session of Congress, despite the ! fact Mr. Garner is in the race for the presidential nomination whether the President should be a candidate himself or not, adds to the belief j now generally held that he himself ! does not desire to be a candidate. Further, it lends itself to a belief that the President has definitely decided not to be a candidate for a third term. The reception accorded Vice Pres- ; ident Garner when he entered the House chamber for the joint session yesterday was indicative of the strong following whicl^ the Texan undoubtedly has in his race for the nomination. It may well be, how ever, that not all of the acclaim was for the presidential candidacy of Mr. Garner, but that it was accorded a man who was determined to go through with his opposition to a third-term candidacy for any man. Plea for National Unity. The President’s plea for “national unity” in this country, in view of the world situation, was translated by some of his Republican listeners into a plea for laying aside political partisanship. This did not appeal to them. They were quick to differ entiate between loyalty to the Gov ernment of the United States and loyalty to the Roosevelt administra tion. It was recalled that Abraham Lincoln had once said, “There is an important sense in which the Gov ernment is distinct from the admin istration. One is perpetual; the other temporary and changeable. A man may be loyal to his Government and yet oppose the peculiar princi ples and methods of the adminis tration.” The Prediction has recently been made by returning members of Con gress that the present session will be acrimonious, with many a battle. The President’s recommendation to Congress yesterday was that it con sider “the needs of the Nation and of humanity with calmness, toler ance and co-operative wisdom.” He prefaced this recommendation—and hope—by saying that “overstatement, bitterness and vituperation, and the beating of drums have contrib uted mightily to ill feeling and wars between nations,” and that such actions ^are also hurtful in the do mestic scene. If this is to be the attitude of'the administration during the session of Congress, there may be far more peace than has been expected. No Controversial Program. The President' made no recom mendations for additional social re form legislation. This is in line with reports emanating from members of Congress that the President was contemplating no long or contro versial program for submission to the national Legislature at the present session. He did say, however, in the opening of his address that his prominent reference to foreign af fairs should not be construed as meaning that there was to be any abandonment or overlooking of do mestic policies. While the President's address was far less provocative than some of his others to Congress in the past, he took a fling here and there at some of his critics—particularly the oppo nents of his foreign policy, the so called isolationists whom he dubbed in effect ostriches with heads sunk in the sand. He did not overlook Senator Borah of Idaho—although he did not use his name—making reference to assertions attributed to the Idaho Senator that he had sources of information more reliable than the administration. Nor did he pass by the structures made by Republican candidates for the presi dential nomination—in particular Thomas E. Dewey, New York dis trict attorney, who recently charged that the New Deal had taught the youth of the country to adopt a de featist attitude. Vjueen or Diamonds Will Wed Musician By the Astociatec' Press. MIAMI BEACH. Fla.. Jan. 4 —The engagement of Mrs. Mabel Boll to marry Theodore Chella, harpist and assistant conductor of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, was an nounced last night at a dinner given by Mrs. Billie Kaye of Miami Beach. Mrs. Boll, known as the "Queen of Diamonds,” made extensive plans for a flight across the Atlantic in 1928, but got only as far as Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, in her at tempt. She said the wedding would take place about April 15 at a home she purchased here recently. Flying Cadet Dies In Texas Crack-up By the Associated Press. SAN ANTONIO, Tex., Jan. 4.— Flying Cadet Lowell H. Wilson, 24, was killed last night when his train ing plane crashed and burned 3 miles northeast of Randolph Field. His parents are Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Wilson, Hurst, 111. Snow Causes Firm Alarm SOUTH WINDSOR. Conn., Jan. 4 OP).—White clouds billowing from the roof of Harry Farnhams barn alarmed a hired hand, and he put in a “hurry-up” call to the fire de partment. The firemen rushed four miles to the barn to discover the clouds were not smoke, but snow blowing from the roof. This Changing World Defeat of Russian Armies Would Result In Stalin's Downfall, Observers Believe By CONSTANTINE BROWN. It Is difficult even for those who have all possible information at their disposal to read intelligently between the lines of European di plomacy. What it is doing and what it is aiming at? One of the most puzzling questions is: Why this unbelievable ten derness towards Tavarish Stalin & Co.? Is it possible that the allied gov ernments feel like some of those jilted lovers who still have a tender heart toward the one and only one even after her elopement with some body else? Or do the European diplomats intend to out-machiavel Machiavelli and have such a devas- o uavuig uiat au to uc i/tvi ivt the time being to act toward Russia in the way they are acting now? These are questions which puzzle most high ranking officials in Washington who try to see clearly ( the shape of things to come. * * * * To the Simple Simons of di plomacy the situation appears at present itself as follows: The U. S. —'t' S. R. Armies have proved Infinitely weaker than the most severe critics of the Soviet regime dared expect. They have suffered a devastating de feat at the hand of a much weaker opponent. The Finns, inferior in numbers, resources and equipment—especially aviation—have inflicted a severe defeat in a few weeks on the Russians. At first, when the news of the Russian set-backs were known, it was believed that the Moscow I general staff, underestimating the value of its opponents, had sent only untrained raw recruits to the border. Later the announcement came that Russia’s best troops had been sent to the border. They suffered an even more crushing defeat It became obvious that the colossus had clay feet. That the troops— even the best—were trained mostly for parades in the Red Square in ! Moscow. That their equipment was like in the old days of the former | regime: Cardboard shoes corrugated iron tanks, plenty of guns with ; out the necessary ammunition, etc.. That the transportation system was ; even worse than during the last war and that Russia as a military power was a really negligible quantity. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the revolutionary sacred fire does not replace sound military training. It might have been all right in the days of Napoleon. But even then, had it not been for the warlike qualities of the French Napoleon would have not conquered the Aus trians with his hungry bare-footed soldiery. Want More Military Training The Russians are very strict against allowing any outsider to peer behind the scenes and see what the Russian Army is doing. But the de pression which has followed the defeat at the hand of a small bunch of j Finns apparently has put some new life into a number of Soviet officials and they have dared speak to foreign observers. They say the poor shoot- , ing displayed by the Russian infantry and artillerymen is due to the fact 1 that in peace-time they are not allowed to use live ammunition. Field Marshall Tukhachevsky had insisted that the army be given more mili tary than communistic training. He wanted to replace the barracks courses on world revolution, etc., with some real sharp-shooting practice. Some of his ideas about the training of the army were held against him and he was executed. So was the fate of the other professional soldiers of the Red Republic. The few German officers who had been attached to various Russian units since the morganatic wedding between Hitler and Stalin left in disgust. They could not stand the "abominable cooking done with such excellent raw material.” Dissatisfaction Reported The censorship in Russia is rigid. No information except from offi cial circles is available. But despite this news percolates through now that there is a deep dissatisfaction among the people of that country and a revolutionary wind is blowing through the country. In Russia such winds can become hurricanes in no time. Because of this situation, people here cannot understand whv the allies do not give a helping hand to the Finns to bring about a defeat of the Russian Armies which, in the opinion of close observers, would lead to It is undoubtedly true that rev olutions are contagious diseases. But in the case of Russia it appears to many that a revolution in the U. S. S. R. would be a prophylactic operation which might destroy the germ which has been infecting Eu rope since 1917. Observers who have recently re ' ~ believe firmly that the Finns, sup ported effectively by the allies with arms and ammunition and men, even if the men were called for the sake of diplomatic repercussion could go as far as Moscow in the present state of demoralization of the Russian Army, These observers doubt very much whether the Germans would ' lift their little finger to come to Russia’s rescue.- Even today the ma jority of the German leaders are more sympathetic toward the Finns than the Russians and Field Marshal Mannerheim is conducting his operations very much in accordance with plans and ideas of the German general staff. There has been a close friendship between the staffs of the two armies previous to Germany allying herself with Russia. At one time, when Hitler was the bitterest opponent of Stalin the Germans had an idea of defeating the Russians in a campaign in which Finland would have played an important role. Headline Folk And What They Do Dr. Ogburn, Student Of Life Span, Makes Long Range Forecast By LEMUEL F. PARTON. As far back as 1935, Dr. William Ogburn of the University of Chi cago was writing and speaking about the disproportion of older people in our population and the increasing burden of those of work ing years. About the only hope for the future seemed to be that the ear-trumpet and dental-plate in dustries would be booming suffi ciently to make everybody pros perous. Dr. Raymond Pearl of Johns Hop kins has sounded a new note of alarm in citing certain aberrations of the aged ham-and-eggers, and in suggesting that perhaps, like juveniles, they are “too foolish to vote.” Dr. Ogburn, still studying the life-span, as professor of so ciology at the above university, is again out in front with new ac tuarial gleanings. He estimates that, by 1970, there will be in the U. S. A. 16,000.000 persons over 65, as against 3,000,000 at the turn of the century. This department has always re garded Dr. Ogburn as one of the most stimulating and fertile-minded of sociologists. It isn't a field in which one may expect the precision of the physical sciences, and Dr. Og bum, apparently recognizing this, is for more and bolder guessing. Each year he checks the prophecies of the football writers, adds up the scores at the end of the season and invariably finds that the writers have been too conservative. He notes that we were bearish on fly ing and virtually every other tech nical advance. He would make a longer fiy-cast into the pool of re mote probability, even if we're pessi mistic about what we may get. He never works or talks like an actuary, and in his researches of later years has found the depression a valuable laboratory of probable or possible human behavior. He is a native of Georgia, 53 years old, educated at Mercer and Columbia Universities, the author of a number of authoritative books in the field of social change. He was a member of President Hoover's famous Com mittee on Social Trends. Dr. Maitland Alexander, Presybterian Cleric, Dies Bt tne Associated Press. PITTSBURGH, Jan. 4—A heart attack suffered Christmas Day brought death to Dr. Maitland Alex ander, widely known clergyman and former moderator of the Presby terian General Assembly. The widow and four children were at the bedside when death occurred yesterday at his home. Poplar Hill, in nearby Sewickley Heights. Dr. Alexander, who would have been 73 years old April 8, retired in 1927 after 28 years as pastor of fashionable First Presbyterian Church here. Much of his time was spent in Palm Beach, Fla. Born in New York, Dr. Alexander was ordained in 1892 after attend ing Princeton. He was elected gen eral moderator of the Presbyterian General Assembly in 1914. The funeral will be Friday after noon. with burial at Princeton. > CENTRAL I AIRLINES THE CAPITAL FLEET Pennsylvania-Central Airlines proudly an nounces the inauguration of CAPITAL FLEET service on its famous Key Route from Wash- i ington to Pittsburgh, Akron, Cleveland and ; Detroit. New 1940 Douglas transports— the world's quietest, most luxurious airliners —have been engineered to meet Pennsyl vania-Central Airlines' exacting safety stan dards. The utmost in passenger comfort is charmingly supervised by attrac tive air hostesses. n) These GtrH Appearing In Paramount'* \ M "The Great Victor Herbert" Washington-Pittsburgh $13.40 one way Wasbington-CIeveland $19.10 one way 80 minutes $24.12 round trip 2 hrs. 50 min. $34.38 round trip Washington-Akron $17.25 one way Washington-Detroit $26.95 one way 2 hrs. 20 min. $31.05 round trip 3 hrs. 30 min. $48.51 round trip For Information and CAPITAL FLEET Reservations Phone NATIONAL 7070 ~ T \ jMum SAIE Entire Stock of Men's Clothing Drastically Reduced $20 and $22.50 Topcoats Charge It—Convenient Term* $25 and $30 Charge It—Convenient Terms $30 and $35 Charge It—Convenient Terms EISEMAN’S F STREET AT 7th 4 V Every day people the world over stop a moment... enjoy an ice-cold Coca-Cola... and go their way again with a happy after-sense bf complete refresh ment. The pause that refreshes is rr x a real idea,—really refreshing. y THE PAUSE THAT REFRt5’ BOTTLED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE COCA-COLA CO. BY WASHINGTON COCA-COLA BOTTLING WORKS, INC, 400 7th St. S.W. Metropolitan 4727 K 4 1