Evening star. [volume], January 11, 1940, Page A-4, Image 4

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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King Gustav Pledges
Finns All 'Material
Humanitarian Help'
Refrains, However, From
Any Suggestion of
Military Help
By the Associated Press.
STOCKHOLM. Jan. 11.—King
Gustav V, in a speech from the
throne, said today the Swedish
people's desire to help Finland was
“manifested unmistakably” in hu
manitarian aid, but he gave no sug
gestion of possible military assist
ance in the war against Soviet
Russia.
“Finland's involvement in armed
conflict touches the Swedish people
in the deepest way,” the King said.
“The willingness to hurry assist
ance to a brother people is mani
fested unmistakably. Sweden feels
an obligation to give Finland’s brave
people every material humanitarian
help which is possible while heeding
its own position."
Allusion to Neutral Stand.
This last phrase was regarded as
an allusion to Sweden's official atti
tude of neutrality.
Sweden is determined to defend
her own independence under all cir
cumstances, the King said, a senti
ment voiced also by Prime Minister
Per Albin Hansson, who spoke later.
As members of the Riksdag met
in the throne room to hear the King
and Prime Minister, they learned
that Swedens’ record budget of
800,000.000 kronor (about $200,000,
000) for military defense in the
next fiscal year would cause a deficit
for the first time in many years.
The budget for ordinary’ expenses
was placed at 1.475.000,000 kronor
(about $366,000,000). with an esti
mated income of 1,692,00,000 kronor
(about $423,000,000), but the mili
tary budget was set up as a special
item outside this.
The finance ministry reported it
believed that civil and military
needs could not both be covered
from taxes or current income and
that slightly less revenue was ex
pected from income levies which
this year produced 470,000,000 kro
nor.
French Aid for Finns
A Duty, Says Herriot
PARIS. Jan. 11 (JP).—Edouard
Herriot. President of the Chamber
of Deputies, asserted today that
, "the interest of our own cause"
makes it France's duty to give Fin
land all the aid in her power.
In a speech to the Chamber M.
Herriot attacked the Russian gov
ernment as "a regime seeking to
crush the weak.”
Six former Communist Deputies,
threatened with expulsion from the
Chamber, published a joint letter
expressing their opposition to “poli
cies that led to the invasion of
Finland.”
Referring to France's war aims.
M. Herriot declared that President
Roosevelt had set forth in his mes
sage to Congress January 3 princi
ples which are the same as those for
which France and Britain are fight
ing. (The President made no direct
reference to allied war aims.)
M. Herriot declared the allies are
defending liberty, freedom of
thought, moral law and democracy,
which, he said, is the best form of
government evolved by mankind.
Finland
(Continued From First Page.)
Russian Army corps, the two others,
of 15,000 or more men each, having
been shattered previously in the
eame general vicinity, with thou
sands reported slain.
Finns say that this army corps,
the Ninth, has been taking a terrific
beating for the past two weeks in
Its attempt to sever the country at
the narrow “waistline.”
Following destruction of the 163d
Division, which the Finns described
as a rout, they said the 44th Divi
sion was decimated and its rem
nants were driven back across the
border.
The Finns reported they now hold
a 30-mile frontier strip east of .Lake
Kianta. free of enemy troops for the
first time since the war began No
vember 30.
They said the last division of the
armv corps was trapped at Kuk
kamma, south of the scene of the
other victories at Suomussalmi.
Battalion Dispersed.
A Finnish communique also an
nounced that a Russian battalion
was dispersed north of Lake Ladoga,
with 200 killed and 40 taken prison
ers.
A communique of the Leningrad
military headquarters described
merely scouting activities and artil
, lery fire at some places and said
“nothing of importance” occurred
yesterday in the campaign against
Finland.
The Finns reported the Russians
were continuing to fortify their
positions on the Karelian Isthmus
and believed this was preparatory
to a larger offensive on this south
eastern front where the two armies
have been locked since the war
began.
Red Attacks Smashed,
Says Finn Communique
HELSINKI, Jan. 11 (A5).—Smash
ing of Russian attacks on the Salla
and Petsamo sectors was reported
In the Finnish Army’s daily com
munique today.
Salla is on Finland’s eastern front
and Petsamo on the extreme north
ern corridor to the Arctic Sea. The
Russians were thrown back, it was
said, after an attack for which they
had prepared by artillery fire.
These were the only developments
reported in the communique, which
was relatively short.
The communique said:
“Land: On the isthmus (Of Kare
lia) and on the eastern frontier
there was nothing new. In Lapland
the enemy launched attacks pre
ceded by artillery fire on January 10
in the direction of Salla and in
Petsamo, but was repulsed.
“Sea: On the naval front there
was nothing important.
"Air: On January 10 enemy air
craft dropped a few bombs in the
Tammisaari and Ruotsinpyhtaa dis
tricts. In the latter locality six wom
en were wounded. So far no loss of
human life has been reported.”
Salla is in Eastern Finland just
above the Arctic Circle, north of the
region referred to in the communi
que as the “eastern frontier.”
Tammisaari is a port in South-,
west Finland, and Ruotsinpyhtaa is
a town in South Central Finland
near the coast.
SOMEWHERE IN ENGLAND.—AFTER “GREATEST AIR BAT
TLE”—These British bomber crews, leaving planes after their
return from a raid, took part in the ‘‘greatest air battle in
history,” the fight over Wilhelmshaven, Germany, December 18,
in which, British sources said, between 80 and 100 planes were
engaged. —A. P. Wirephoto.
Will Meet 'Menace'
Of American Navy,
Japanese Warn
Expansion by U. S. May
Precipitate Race,
Papers Predict
Br ihe Associated Press.
TOKIO. Jan. 11—Expansion of
the United States Navy would pre
cipitate a building race with Japan,
newspapers predicted and a Japan
ese navy spokesman hinted today.
One newspaper called expansion
“the American menace.”
“Naturally the Japanese navy
feels great concern,” the navy
spokesman said of the $1,300,000,000
American naval program now be
fore Congress.
“Apparently it is designed to
maintain the United States’ supe
rior ratio even after lapse of the
Washington treaty.”
This treaty, which expired Jan
uary 1, 1937, fixed the United
States’ naval ratio to Japan at
5 to 3.
Asked if he meant that the Jap
anese navy would be increased, he
said, "You can imagine what action
would take place.”
Cites Bloch Assignment
The spokesman said construction
of 52,000-ton United States war
ships, mentioned as a possible early
development by Admiral Harold R.
Stark, chief of the United States
Naval Operations, would “concern
all naval powers.”
He commented aiso mat assign
ment of Admiral Claude Charles
Bloch to the Hawaiian district
"may be a measure to strengthen
the United States Navy against
Japan." Admiral Bloch has just
concluded two years as commander
in chief of 'he United States Fleet.
Reappearance of the American
proposal for naval improvements at
the island of Guam was character
ized bv the spokesman as "not a
graceful attitude.” in view of the
-Congress’ previous rejection of it.
He declined to amplify his com
ments, but Tokio newspaper were
more forthright.
May Have to Strengthen Fleet.
"If the United States, in disregard
of the fundamentally peaceful pro
gram of the Japanese Navy, seeks
to maintain its unjustifiable su
periority,” said the newspaper Asahi,
“Japan, in accordance with her
policy of permitting no aggression,
obviously would be compelled to
strengthen her fleet sufficiently to
meet the American menace.”
It said that Admiral Stark's state
ment in support of the Washington
treaty ratio “most glaringly ex
presses the intentions of the Amer
ican Navy.”
Nichi Nichi said, “the United
States has merely indicated in un
disguised terms its glaring hostility
toward Japan. * * *
"There can be no doubt that the
United States feels insecure regard
ing Japan, much of this being based
on misunderstanding. But it is a
curious American style of reasoning
to attach so little importance to the
sense of insecurity which its op
pressive attitude toward Japan has
created among Japanese.
“It is this dogmatic and unre
flecting attitude of the United States
which one must fear most.”
Battles
(Continued From First Page.)
her, but she suffered slight dam
age from bullets. British fighters
pursued the raiders.
Southeast coast observers reported
two Dornier planes flew over the
coast at an altitude of 20,000 feet,
bound southward.
The Evening News sarid that the
last 24 hours had been the busiest
faced by the Royal Air Force since
the war began and the British fly
ers “have had to fight their fiercest
battles."
This was a reference to yesterday’s
; swift British retaliation for German
I raids Tuesday on shipping off the
I coast by a large-scale raid on the
German Island of Sylt
Air activity spurted over land also
I with the allied high command’s
j communique on yesterday’s events
reporting two German planes
downed on the western front. In
this nothing was said of any allied
loss, but the German high command
said “two enemy planes were shot
down” while the Germans lost one
which crashed while chasing the in
vaders.
First Attack on Tyneside.
Today's flights brought the first
German air visits of the war to the
Tyneside, important shipbuilding
and shipping center.
One plane appeared over South
Shields, on the south bank of the
Tyne. One report said three raiders
reached the region and six British
fighters went up to chase them
away.
Fragments of anti-aircraft shells
fell in the streets of South Shields
during 10 minutes of firing. Spec
tators over a wide area were en
dangered. but rushed out, neverthe
less, to pick up the bits for souvenirs.
Windows of a bus were shattered.
After once being driven away, a
raider circled and returned above
South Shields and again was fired
upon.
mree large macs pianes, Deiievea
by observers to be German, were
1 chased to sea by British fighters over
! the southeast coast of Scotland.
East of London heavy anti-air
craft firing was heard in a Kent
town about 1 p.m. and shell bursts
high in the sky were seen in the
direction of the Essex coast, north
| of Kent, although no planes were
seen and no warning was sounded.
The planes which drew the fire of
the Essex coastal defenses were fly
ing eastward over the Thames Es
tuary
Crowds on the cliffs of an east
coast resort watched a bomber at
tack a small steamer about 7 miles
from shore. Explosions j*Tere heard
and the steamer was seen to be
blazing. A lifeboat put out while
British fighters drove off the at
tacker
Subsequently another steamer, be
lieved to be Italian, struck a mine
off the east coast. The crew took to
lifeboats and awaited a tug to pick
them up as the regular lifeboat on '
the shore had gone to the aid of !
those from the bombed vessel.
Battle Accounts Incomplete.
Accounts of the large-scale Royal j
Air Force raid on the German |
island of Sylt yesterday still were
incomplete, but observers regarded i
them as a sign or Britain's readi
ness to strike back hard against
Nazi bombings.
London newspapers said up to 50
British and German warplanes en
gaged in a day-long fight over the
fringe of islands on the northwest
German coast yesterday, but offi
cial sources said these reports ex
ceeded the facts.
Observers noted, however, that
the big sea-air battle over Helgoland
last December 18 was not recog
nized as “the greatest air battle in
history” until some time later, when
the air ministry disclosed that 80
to 100 planes were involved.
Clear Weather Spurs
West Front Fighting
PARIS, Jan. 11 (JP).—Return of
clear weather has brought renewed
aerial #and land fighting on the
western front, latest reports showed
today.
Numerous clashes of small bodies
of troops and several air battles were
reported.
The allied high command an
nounced that two German planes
were' brought down within British
French lines yesterday. Other ad
vices stated that a body of 50 French
troops on a scouting expedition were
set upon by a heavy detachment of
Germans, but managed to fight
their way to their own lines.
The two German planes men
tioned in today’s communique were
shot down by pursuit ships in the
course of “several aerial battles”
yesterday, military informants said.
No French losses were mentioned.
The communique said:
“Nothing to report during the
night. Two enemy planes were
brought down within our lines
January 10.”
Ernest W. Grant to Speak
Ernest W. Grant, president of the
Washington Astrological Associa
tion. will lecture on “The Uranian
Age: What Is It? When Is It?” at
the monthly meeting of the associa
tion in the Raleigh Hotel at 8 o'clock
tonight.
Northern Railroads
Seek Rate Case Review
By tne Associated Press.
The North’s railroads served notice
today they intend to seek a recon
sideration of the Interstate Com
merce Commission's recent decision
in the long-fought South-to-North
freight rate case.
The Northern carriers filed a peti
tion with the I. C. C. today asking
a postponement of at least 60 days
from February 1 in the effective
date of the commission's order.
They added that they were pre
paring a petition asking reopening,
reconsideration and reargument of
the entire proceeding.
By a 5 to 4 decision, the I. C. C.,
largely upholding the South, adopted
a general principle that reasonably
uniform rates should prevail from
producing sections to common mar
kets. The South long has contended
that it has been retarded econom
ically by ’'artificial freight rate bar
riers."
Rush Pleads Innocent
In Registry Case
Raphael Rush, formerly vice presi
dent and general manager of the
Bookniga Corp., today pleaded in
nocent in District Court when ar
raigned on a charge on aiding and
abetting the firm's alleged failure to
register with the State Department
as required under the law affecting
agents of foreign countries. Justice
Peyton Gordon placed his bond at
$1,500.
Rumanians Refuse
Anew to Deliver
Land fo Hungary
Ready, However, fo End
Differences Short of
Territory Cession
67 the Auociated Prese.
BUCHAREST, Jan. 11.—Rumanian
officials declare that, short of any
cession of territory, Rumania is
ready for settlement of long-stand
ing differences with Hungary.
The biggest bone of contention,
however, is Hungary’s wish for re
turn of Transylvania, gained by
Rumania in the World War breakup
of the Austro-Hungarian empire.
Officials assert they would not
even discuss a transfer of territory,
but the feeling grows among foreign
diplomats that King Carol shortly
might yield to a reported Italian
Hungarian proposal that Rumania
promise territorial revision, effec
tive after the European war.
In return, it has been reported,
Italy and Hungary would support
Rumania against any Soviet Rus
sian attack on Bessarabia, a Rus
sian province before the World
War. ,
Similar Plan for Bulgaria.
Italy was understood to have a
similar plan for settling differences
between Rumania and Bulgaria,
which desires return of the Dobruja
district, which, like Transylvania, is
an area of mixed nationalities that
Rumania took after the war.
The Italian plan was understood
to call for outright cession of purely
Hungarian and Bulgarian districts
contiguous to Hungary and Bulgaria
aqd for plebiscites in districts of
mixed nationality.
A transfer of nationalities from
districts not adjacent to the present
frontier also was envisioned.
Reports from Belgrade indicated
that Italy was trying to draw Yugo
slavia also into her front against
passible Russian expansion into
Southeast Europe.
Entente Meets February 2-4.
The Yugoslav government an
nounced that the Balkan entente
would meet in Belgrade February
2-4. Entente members are Yugo
slavia, Rumania, Greece and Tur
key. It was assumed that Italian
efforts to line up a Southeastern
European front would be the center
of entente attention, with the Ital
ian and Bulgarian Ministers in Bel
grade keeping in close contact with
the conference.
Rumanian officials in informally
rejecting the idea of territorial con
cessions. said that Rumania was
quite willing to begin talks for eco
nomic concessions and other moves
to improve relations with Hungary.
Budapest sources considered this
Rumanian attitude as a natural
starting point in the international
poker game and professed belief
that Bucharest was striving for the
best possible terms.
British Ship, Bound
For New York, Lost
At Philadelphia
By the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 11.—
The King’s men came up the
Delaware River yesterday
hunting for New York.
"Philadelphia?” exclaimed the
master of the British freighter
Australind. bound “from some
where in Great Britain” for
New York, when the ship was
boarded by customs men. “Jove,
there's been a mistake.”
Air Industry Chief,
Mikhail Kaganovich,
Moved by Soviet
Given New Assignment;
M. Shakhurin Named
Successor
B1 the Associated Presi.
MOSCOW, Jan. 11.—Soviet Rus
sia has a new commissar for her
aviation industry.
The official news agency, Tass,
announced last night that Mikhail
M. Kaganovich had been relieved
as commissar and “transferred to
another post.” His successor, M.
Shakhurin, is a newcomer to high
Russian officialdom.
No reason was given for the
change. Kaganovich, brother of
Lazarus Kaganovich, a confidant
of Joseph Stalin and administrator
in several successive key positions,
formerly was assistant commissar
of the defense industry, in which
capacity he visited Washington in
1937.
As administrative head of the de
fense industry, Kaganovich planned
assembly-line production of planes
and sought to step up and improve
manufacture of tanks and guns.
A year ago the administration
of the defense industry was divided
into departments for aviation, ship
building, ammunition and arma
ment. Kaganovich took the avia
tion commissariat.
The Tass announcement said also
that Y. A. Yakovleff. chairman of
the Credentials Committee of the
All-Union Congress, and Prof.
Voronin, an authority on airplane
construction and design, had been
appointed as assistants to the new
aviation commissar.
Sharing foreigners’ interest in the
transfer of Kaganovich was a new
attack on Great Britain in the Com
munist party newspaper Pravda.
Britain Complains
Of Discrimination
In Neutrality Act
Embassy Understood to
Have Presented Protest
To State Department
By the Associated Pres*.
A British protest that the Neu
trality Act is discriminatory is un
derstood to have been presented to
the United States with the argu
ment that neutral shippers are be
ing aided to the disadvantage of
the English.
The protest complains that the
Neutrality Act discriminates against
Great Britain because it requires
transfer of title of goods carried on
BriMsh (or other belligerent) ships to
certain parts of the world, but does
not require it with regard to neutral
vessels.
One part of the law enacted at the
special session of Congress last fall
forbids export of goods from the
United States to any country desig
nated as a belligerent by the Presi
dent until all right, title and inter
est in them shall have been trans
ferred to a foreign purchaser. The
statute, however, exempts from this
provision, neutral ships carrying
goods other than war implements, to
certain ports in the Western Hem
isphere or on the Pacific or Indian
Oceans.
in effect, a Dutch freighter could
pick up a cargo in New York con
signed to Halifax, Nova Scotia, and
not have to transfer title from the
American producer to a foreign
purchaser. Or a Japanese freighter
could take on a cargo in San Fran
cisco for India without transferring
title. And in both cases a British
freighter would have to obtain
i transfer before it could sail.
The protest is understood to have
been presented to the State De
partment by the British Embassy
on behalf of the Chamber of Ship
ping of London, an organization of
shippers. It is under consideration
by the department, but officials in
dicated that nothing could be done
without changing the law.
i _
Dies in Hospital 'Home'
ST. LOUIS. Jan. 11 (/F).—Thomas
W. Lanahan suffered a broken leg
in 1926 and was taken to St. John's
Hospital. He liked the service and
people so much he made the hos
pital his home. *
After 14 * years. Lanahan, St.
John's oldest "patient.” died Sun
day of pneumonia. A retired shoe
merchant, he was 87 years old.
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