Evening star. [volume], January 18, 1940, Page A-2, Image 2

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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Five Senators Named
To Consider Changes
in Hatch Act
Step Taken In Move to
End Doubts on Voluntary
Campaign Gifts
By J. A. O’LEARY.
The Senate Privileges and Elec
tions Committee today appointed a
special subcommittee to consider the
Hatch bills to tighten the law
against soliciting political contribu
tions from Federal employes and.
to bar thousands of State employes
from being active in political cam
paigns.
One of the bills specifically brings
municipal employes of the District
government under the Hatch Act
of 1939. which already prohibits
Federal workers from engaging ac
tively in politics.
At the same time the committee
voted to make the customary cam
paign-year recommendation that
the Senate create a special commit
tee of five Senators to keep check
on senatorial elections and on the
campaigns for President and Vice
President.
Hatch Heads Group.
Senator George, Democrat, of
Georgia, chairman, named the fol
lowing subcommittee to inquire fur
ther into the two Hatch bills:
Senator Hatch, Democrat, of New
Mexico, chairman, and Senators
Green, Democrat, of Rhode Island;
Austin, Republican, of Vermont and
Nye, Republican, of North Dakota.
Senator George also will serve as
a member of the committee.
Senator Hatch said he would call
the subcommittee after conferring
with the other members, but was
not certain whether formal public
hearings would be necessary.
One reason for creating the sub
committee, Senator Hatch said,
grew out of a desire in the com
mittee to clear up points that exist
as to the right of Federal employes
to make voluntary campaign contri
butions.
***'-' riav; UWS nCl OI 1VZD
prohibits any Federal official or
employe from asking other Federal
workers for political funds, but does
not place the same ban on outsiders.
One of the pending Hatch bills is
designed to prohibit “any person”
from calling on Federal personnel
for campaign donations.
Legal Views Conflict.
Senator Hatch said he favors
leaving employes free to make vol
untary contributions, but in recent
years conflicting legal views have
been expressed on the subject. An
old ruling by the Attorney General's
office held that voluntary contribu
tions were permissible, but the
Sheppard Senatorial Campaign
Committee, in reporting last year
on the 1938 campaign, raised the
point that no employe could make
even a voluntary contribution, Sen
ator Hatch recalled.
The new subcommittee will en
deavor to clear up the question,
With a view to safeguarding the
employes from solicitation. Sena
tor Hatch said he has no objection
to permitting employes to take the
initiative, provided it can be made
certain that the contribution is
“purely voluntary.”
It was indicated that committee
members wanted tb go carefully into
the other Hatch bill, which would
apply to all State employes paid
in whole or in part through Federal
aid, the same restrictions against
political activity that were placed
on Federal employes last year.
Senator King, Democrat, of Utah
said at present he is inclined to
believe the bill goes too far in its
application to State personnel, but
wants more time to study it. The
bill seeks to reach State employes
by giving any Federal agency the
right to withhold Federal loans or
grants from a State agency if its
employes are permitted to take ac
tive part in political campaigns, un
til the complaint is corrected.
The resolution for appointment of
the regular Senate Campaign In
vestigating Committee will go to
the Audit and Control Committee
before the Senate acts, since it calls
for an appropriation of $30,000 for
expenses.
This committee ordinarily is
chosen by the Vice President, as
presiding officer of the Senate. Sen
ators said today, however, that since
Vice President Garner is in the race
for the Democratic presidential
nomination this year, he undoubt
edly would delegate the appointing
task, probably to the President pro
tempore, Senator Pittman of Ne
vada.
Comments on Smith Bill.
Commenting today on the bill
offered in the House yesterday by
Representative Smith, Democrat, of
Virginia, to permit Federal and
State employes to continue to take
part in the local affairs and to
hold local offices in the counties
in which they live. Senator Hatch
repeated that he had no objection
to granting such an exemption to
Federal departmental employes in
Washington who reside in nearby
Maryland and Virginia. Such an
exemption was allowed for nearby
towns under the civil service laws
prior to passage of the Hatch Act
of 1938.
Informed, however, that the Smith
bill would grant the same exemption
to Federal and State employes
throughout the country to partici
pate in their local county govern
ments, Senator Hatch said he
wanted to study the bill to make
sure it does not go “too far.”
Serving notice he wouia seek an
amendment if other members of
the House did not take action
promptly, Representative Sasscer,
Maryland Democrat, reiterated re
cently his opposition to the com
munity office-holding ban resulting
from the act.
When the Hatch Act became op
erative a survey of nearby towns
indicated approximately 50 local
officers would be affected. At that
time Federal employes holding such
posts, virtually all of them non-re
munerative, were uncertain whether
they would be obliged to resign or
be prevented from seeking re-elec
tion.
Subsequently a number of Fed
eral employes resigned from their
town positions. Among them was
Mayor Henry'T. McCuen of Glen
Echo, Mdy,'a postal worker. The
Town Council promptly elected Mrs.
McCuen to succeed him.
^Auto Reflector Patented
MV The Patent Office has granted a
HHntent to Elmer W. McDonald of
H^Vrustin, Mich., on a reflector which
^Vwlll enable an automobile driver
ifS approaching a turn to see other
|H vehicles around th$ corner.
PARIS.—DUCHESS OF WINDSOR LOADS A TRUCK FOR THE ARMY—The Duchess of Windsor,
wife of Great Britain’s former King, is shown performing a menial task in strange contrast to her
social station. Dressed in khaki uniform and overseas cap, she is shown loading Christmas pres
ents into a truck for distribution to French soldiers. In this sequence of pictures the Duchess
is handed several packages, she turns and places them in back of the truck, then yells over
her shoulder for another armload of bundles. —A. P. Wirephoto From Paramount News.
Browder's Signature
Identified by U. S.
Passport Agent
Judge Permits Move •
Over Objections of
Defense Counsel
By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Jan. 18 —Over re
peated defense objections, Federal
Judge Alfred C. Coxe today permit
ted a Government passport agent
to identify the signature of Earl
Russell Browder, Kansas-born Com
munist leader, on a 1934 passport
application.
The agent, James J. Hughes, tes
tified the blank indicated Browder
did not present his old passport
when applying for the new one, as
required by law.
The defense has already conceded
that the 1934 passport was the first
taken out by Browder in his own
name. The prosecution accuses
Browder of having previously ob
tained passports under three other
names, including that of Nicholas
Dozenberg, a former Communist
official, who has pleaded guilty to
passport fraud and who may testify
against Browder.
Browder, on trial for passport
fraud and facing a maximum sen
tence of 10 years in prison and a
$4,000 fine if convicted, also is ac
cused by the Government of using
the aliases “George Morris” in 1927
and “Albert Henry Richards” in
1931.
Judge Coxe again refused to per
mit the defense to ask Government
witnesses whether Browder obtained
a renewal of his last passport in 1937
and applied for a new passport in
1938, all under his own name.
Elma Waldron, a State Depart
ment agent, identified a passport
renewal application signed by Brow
der on February 1, 1937, on which
Browder had written that he was a
journalist and wished to travel to
France, Switzerland and Soviet Rus
sia “for business for self.”
Browder, dressed in a gray busi
ness suit, leaned back in his chair
and studied the faces of the jurors—
11 men and 1 woman—as this testi
Browder himself acknowledged
yesterday through counsel that he
used one of the three assumed
names, contending that at the time
In question—1931—considerations of
safety required him to hide his
Identity abroad.
But the specific charge on which
he is being tried—and which on
conviction could result in a sentence
as high as 10 years—is that when
he obtained in 1934 his first wholly
legitimate passport from the State
Department he obtained it under
the false representation that never
before had he had such a document.
To Rely on Written Evidence.
United States District Attorney
John T. Cahill, who joined
Judge Coxe and Defense At
torney George Gordon Battle in ad
monishing the jury that Communism
was not on trial, disclosed he in
tended to rely almost entirely on
written evidence and the services
of handwriting experts.
An official statement of the New
York State Committee of the Com
munist party Issued last night
claimed that “political issues” were
involved in his trial, recalled that
Browder is now a Communist can
didate for Congress to fill the va
cancy left by the recent death of
Representative Sirovich, Democrat,
of New York and thus quoted the
leader himself:
“I am not only running for Con
gress, but I have been nominated
by the Government for the Atlanta
Penitentiary. I am happy to com
bine both campaigns and in both
of them there is the distinct pos
sibility that we will win.” Nothing
was said as to the precise time the
statement was made.
North China’s cereal shortage re
sulting from floods has become se
rious.
Separated for Years,
Woman Shares Estate
B> the Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA. Jan. 18.—Mrs.
Lena Idler McFadden today held a
third of the $131,744 estate of her
husband whom she had not seen in
more than 40 years prior to his
death last January.
Mr. McFadden did not leave a will
and a move was started to escheat
his estate to the commonwealth
when Mrs. McFadden appeared and
claimed he had left her and two
children in Camden, N. J., in 1886.
Her claim was upheld here yes
terday.
Vandenberg Seeks
To Learn if Russia
Has Kepi Promise
Requests Senate to
Ask Roosevelt About
Recognition Obligations
Senator Vandenberg, Republican,
of Michigan today asked the Senate
to call on President Roosevelt to re
port whether the Soviet government
has lived up to the promises on
which American resognltion of Rus
sia was based in 1933.
His resolution was referred to the
Foreign Relations Committee for
study before being considered. It
read as follows:
"Resolved, That the President is
requested to report to the Senate,
if not incompatible with the public
interest, whether the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics has fulfilled the
obligations of the Litvinoff agree
ments of November 16, 1933, upon
which our diplomatic relations with
the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub
lics were then and are now made
wholly contingent.”
Asked in an interview if his reso
lution was intended as a move to
withdrawing recognition, Senator
Vandenberg replied that "draw your
own conclusions." He pointed out,
however, he had placed in the Con
gressional Record along with the
resolution an article he wrote re
cently, in which he called recogni
tion of Russia “a colossal blunder”
and suggested it be withdrawn.
The agreements referred to were
embodied in correspondence between
the President and Commissar
Litvinoff in 1933. In the statement,
Senator Vandenburg, recalled that
the agreements included a promise
by the Russian government to dis
own any efforts to stir up world
revolution in the United States and
also to pay an old Russian debt to
this country of $435,000,000. The
article contended that Russia has
kept none of these promises.
When Russia began its recent at
tack on Finland there was wide
speculation for several days over the
possibility that the administration
might withdraw recognition. Con
flicting opinions were expressed by
members of Congress on the pro
posal, however, and it died down.
The Vandenburg resolution reopened
the discussion. '
Aufo Association Held
To Be Practicing Law
Without Authority
Court Says Attempts
To Adjust Small Claims
Should Be Banned
Justice Jennings Bailey, in an
opinion on file today in District
Court, condemned certairi alleged
practices of the American Automo
bile Association, which, he ruled,
constitute the unauthorized practice
of law.
The opinion was the result of an
action filed against the association
by Richard L. Merrick, chairman of
the Committee on Suppression of
Unauthorized Practice of Law of the
Bar Association of the District, on
behalf of himself and his colleagues.
An agreed statement of facts was
submitted to the court in November,
following a stipulation entered into
in July, 1937, and Justice Bailey said
that the association’s practice of at
tempting amicably to adjust without
court action claims for property
damage to automobiles for or
against a member of the association,
where the amount in controversy is
less than $100. should be banned as
constituting the unauthorized prac
tice of law.
Justice Bailey declared that the
filling out of blank complaints to be
filed in the Small Claims Court con
stitutes the practice of law, as does
the conducting of the association’s
Departments of Claims and Adjust
ments. He said, however, that he
thought the practice of the associa
tion in employing counsel should be
encouraged.
The jurist ruled that the obtain
ing of a name and address of any
motor vehicle owner or arranging
to deposit necessary collateral for a
member who has received a ticket
for violation of a minor traffic regu
lation do not constitute the unau
thorized practice of law.
French Execute Spy
CHALONS-SUR-MARNE, France,
Jan. 18 (A9).—Wilhelm Zaalberg van
Zelst, 26-year-old Netherlander, was
executed by a firing squad at dawn
today for espionage.
Congress in Brief
House:
Votes on $1,101,000,000 independ
ent offices appropriation bill (late
afternoon).
Naval Committee hears admirals’
testimony on Navy expansion (10
am.).
Ways and Means Committee hears
Assistant Secretary of State Henry
Grady on reciprocal trade pacts (10
am.).
Special committee continues hear
ing N. L. R. B. trial examiners (10
am.).
Senate:
Considers routine bills on calen
dar (nooA). May take up Federal
mine Inspection proposal.
Elections Committee considers
bill to extend Hatch Act curtailing
political activities by Federal em
ployes.
Losses m War at Sea
Bt the Auoeleted Preee.
The following “box score” lists sea warfare losses reported since
Saturday night, January 13:
-Sunk by
■»wi viMieai vwci values AJIOWD
warship*. Mines, or unknown. Tonnage. dead.
Norway . 3 1 0 3,880 •
Britain - 0 1 0 5,494 0
Greece - 0 0 1 3,161 0
Finland -- 10 0 Unknown 0
Netherlands 1 0 0 7306 0
Belgium . 0 1 0 3,423 4
Germany -_k_ 0 10 2342 0
Totals - 4 4 1 26305 1
Previously reported-111 93 104 s. 1,007337 2,768
Orand total- 115 07 105 1,124341 2,772
«2k reported missing and believed dead.
i t
Allies Face Risks '
In Extending War
To New Fronts
Political Factors and
Communications Among
Weighty Considerations
By MAJ. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.
It wu Napoleon who, enraged by
hesitant conduct on the part of his
admirals, remarked that apparently
the latter were laboring under the
misapprehension that war can be
made without the taking of risks;
and it was Nelson who defined mili
tary genius as a willingness to as
sume the responsibility for taking
risks when necessary.
Indeed, every sound plan for a
military operation begins with what
is called an “estimate of the situa
tion”—which is nothing more than
the weighing, as to the several
courses open to the commander, of
the respective risks against the re
spective advantages thereof.
To the over-cautious leader, the
risks are likely to loom greater than
the advantages; with the overbold,
the risks are likely to be minimized.
But a commander who never takes
risks is unlikely to attain either suc
cess or even an approach to fame.
The German military mind tends
to very careful calculation of risks
in advance, leaving boldness almost
entirely to the realm of execution
of plans. Nothing could have been
more precisely examined and ar
ranged, for example, than the Ger
man campaign against Poland, and
we may be sure, always provided the
military chiefs are not overborne by
their political superiors, that any
new German move will be as care
fully calculated as the Polish effort,
and as boldly and efficiently carried
out.
French Thinking Imaginative.
The German officer likes to dis
count his risks in advance, but is
perfectly willing to take them once
action has begun.
French military thought is tend
ing closer to this procedure today
than in 1914, when the views of the
Grandmaison s c h o o 1—“L’attaque,
L’attaque, toujours l’attaque”—
were paramount.
However, it will probably never
be possible for French minds to re
duce war plans to the mathemat
ical basis beloved of the Germans:
there will always be more imag
ination in French military think
ing. which is probably why French
leadership and staff work in the
last war was better than German,
and is likely to be so again.
There is, of course, all the differ
ence in the world between the sea
soned and capable commander who,
having weighed all the factors af
fecting his situation, takes a risk
—even a desperate risk—as the best
solution of his problem, the best
means of effecting his mission; and
the headling onset born in ignor
ance or recklessness, which wastes
the lives of men and risks perhaps
the safety of an army or a nation
for no good end.
Gen. Robert E. Lee, at Chancel
lorsville. knowing well the character
of his opponent, took the risk of
driving his forces and of making a
wide turning movement which ex
posed him, against a more energetic
and capable foe, to almost certain
destruction in detail—it brought him
victory against Gen. Hooker; against
Gen. Sherman it would have brought
him nHn
But it is fair to say that against
Gen. Sherman, Gen. Lee would
never have thought of doing such a
thing.
Question Is Where to Attack.
The Russian command against
Finland attempted a series of wide
turning movements in the north
which resulted, as could easily be
calculated in advance, in the syste
matic and successive destruction of
the isolated columns engaged in
these forlorn hopes.
Now, from the point of view of
allied strategy, we may perhaps be
seeing the revival of the old question
of Westerners against Easterners—
shall we concentrate all effort on
the western front, or shall we engage
in turning movements in the Balkans
or Scandinavia, as opportunity
offers?
Again it is a question of weighing
risk against advantage—as in the
deeper, underlying question—Shall
we take the offensive at all, or shall
we depend on the blockade and its
accompaniment of economic war
fare?
Without attempting to answer
these questions, certain considera
tions bearing thereupon may be
presented.
First of all, if the war is to extend
to the Balkans, or Scandinavia, po
litical complications are likely to
arise and must be kept constantly
in mind. Lines of communication
become of paramount importance,
and their security will be the first
responsibility of commanders-in
chief.
To the Balkans, the position of
Italy, commanding the central Med
iterranean, must be determined, or
else the allied effort in the Near East
must be made self-supporting—in
dependent of England and France,
based rather on Egypt, India and
Midi crocnor
As to Scandinavia, the control of
the northern part of the North Sea
must be made absolute—a task
never accomplished in the last war
—for the lines of communication
of an expeditionary force cannot,
without undue risk, be subject even
to the occasional interruptions
which may be borne in the case of
commercial traffic.
As to both Scandinavia and the
Balkans it must be remembered
that the allies will be conducting
eccentric operations, that is, they
will be working on exterior lines,
leaving to Germany the advantages
of Interior lines and a central posi
tion.
Planes’ Value Still to Be Seen.
It is this advantage which has
enabled Finland to deal so faithfully
with the Russian columns of inva
sion; it was this advantage which
was one of Germany’s chief strate
gic assets in the last war.
It remains, of course, to be seen
how far modem airpower has al
tered the old conditions, how far
its calculated and intelligent use
my tend to check that rapidity of
movement and concentration which
is necessary in order to reap the
full advantage of the interior posi
tion as against an exterior foe whose
lines of operations are not so vul
nerable.
Which Is another way of saying
that once allied air power Is es
tablished in Sweden, if It can be
maintained, it will certainly be a
thorn In Germany’s side when It
comes to concentrating her armies
at any threatened point of her
A
frontier except perhaps in the south.
On the other hand, will Great Brit
ain and Prance ever be able to de
tach enough air power from the
triple obligation of home defense,
the Western front and imperial de
fense to make such a great diver
sion in the north worthwhile? A
weak effort, doomed to defeat be
fore it begins, had far better never
be made.
The same observation applies to
premature moves on the chessboard
of war. Time and space factors
were never more important in war
than they are today, when war
moves so swiftly and when the con
sequences of error may so quickly
become irretrievable. Of no human
activity more than modem war may
it better be remarked, "There is a
tide in the affairs of men which
taken at its flood leads on to for
tune.”
Nazi Air Attack Must Succeed.
The seizure of opportunity, the
swift concentration of superior force
at the decisive time and place—in
a word, the well-calculated taking
of risks and the willingness to take
them when opportunity beckons—
this is the soul of modern tactics
and of modem strategy.
Germany, weighing the chances
of a great air attack against Great
Britain, knows that she must win
with it, for if she loses the greater
part of her air force, exhausts much
of her precious war reserve of avia
tion gasoline and fails to achieve
victory in the process she is de
feated Indeed.
The allies, weighing the chances
of offensive as against defensive
war, of eccentric as against con
centrated operations, know that
they, too, cannot afford undue risk
or bad timing and must carefully
balance the risk of allowing Ger
many to have time to open up Rus
sian supply sources against the risk
of military defeat as a consequence
of too great dispersion of force or
of ill-considered actions.
Whatever they do must be done
as the result of a thorough and
competent estimate of the situa
tion, not as the result of impatience
or unbridled energy on the part of
civilian ministers or the public.
The consequences of being at war
are difficult enough to bear; the
consequences of defeat would be far
worse.
(CoprrUht. 1040, be Rn York Trtbun*.
, too.)
f i
-j
TAKES SUPREME COURT OATH—In solemn ceremony at the^
White House today, Attorney General Murphy became an As
sociate Justice of the Supreme Court. With President Roosevelt
present, Mr. Murphy Is shown being sworn in by Associate Jus
tice Reed. —A. P. Photo.
(Story on Page A-l.)
Allies' Plane Orders
Offer Problem to
U. S. Officials
Taxation, Co-ordination
And Financing Reported
Discussed at Parley
By the Associated Press.
Government authorities had under
consideration today problems arising
out of British and French proposals
to triple their present orders for
American-made war planes.
British and French officials have
notified this Government, reliable
sources have said, that they con
template ordering for speedy de
livery 8.000 or more planes and an
even greater number of aircraft
motors. Such orders would call for
further expansion of an aircraft in
dustry already working overtime on
Army. Navy and foreign orders, and
would raise numerous problems of
taxation, co-ordination and financ
ing.
The problem involved were re
portedly discussed at a conference
yesterday by President Roosevelt,
Secretary Morgenthau and officials
of the Army, Navy and other de
partments.
Welcomed as Defense Aid.
Officials have indicated strongly
that a further expansion of manu
facturing facilities, if orderly, would
be welcomed as an aid to the na
tional defense.
Provided difficulties already evi
dent can be ironed out, some manu
facturers have expressed confidence
the vastly-increased orders could be
completed in 18 months or lass i*th
out delaying requiremoits Of tfie
expanding Army and Navy air serv
ices.
Supplying the engines was re
ported to be the "bottleneck" of the
problem. They take longer to make
than the planes themselves and ma
terial expansion of existing plants
promises to involve foreign financ
ing. which in turn would raise tax
complexities with the Treasury.
Allies Trail Germany.
Despite a substantial expansion-of
their own output, Britain and
France are understood by official
experts to trail Germany materially
in air strength. The Nazis have
stepped up their production to more
than 2,000 planes a month, accord
ing to reports accepted as reliable
in official circles. This compares
with possibly 1.500 monthly for the
allies combined.
Field MarshaPGoering is credited
also with some 9,000 first line war
planes ready for action, and prob
ably as many in reserve. British
and French strength is believed to
be less, but figures are secret.
U. S. Bureau Predicts
Slight Downturn in
Industrial Output
Small Effect Is Seen
On Domestic Demand
For Farm Products
By the Associated Press.
The Bureau of Agricultural Eco
nomics reported yesterday that an
industrial downturn was expected
during the first half of 1940, but
that it was not likely to be pro
longed or severe.
i Officials emphasized that com- ;
' modify prices appeared to be “less
vulnerable” than on some other oc
casions when the industrial situa
tion was similar. They pointed out j
that commodity prices had failed to ■
respond to the 1938-9 recovery in
industrial activity and consumer in
come until the outbreak of war in
Europe.
“Had the advance in general prices
since August been superimposed
upon a prolonged cumulative rise,”
they said, “the danger of a sub
stantial relapse might be serious.”
The bureau said the domestic
demand for farm products during
the next few months might not be
affected much by the downturn in
industrial production, which ap
parently began, it said, in the latter
part of December.
The Federal Reserve Board rated
December's industrial production on
a seasonally adjusted basis at 128
per cent of the 1923-1925 average—
! the highest index figure ever estl- j
mated by the board.
Officials said, however, that the
record peak was a statistical illusion,
adding that actual production of
goods was greater in the spring and
early summer of 1929. but did not
scale as high in the index because of
seasonal factors.
The previous high for the board
index was 125 reached in June, 1929,
but officials said present figures
should not be compared with those
of 1929 unless allowance was made
for the increase in population, fac
tory capacity and factory efficiency
since then.
A decline in the index was pre
dicted for January. Although pro
duction increased somewhat this
month, the gain was not as great as
is expected seasonally.
The Agricultural Bureau reported
that the war had reduced total ex
ports of American farm products
below the normal amount. It said
this situation was likely to continue
through much of this year, at least.
The bureau said the direct effects
of the war on farm exports were not
uniform. The principal products
which were likely to be hurt, it
said, were wheat, cotton (ultimate
ly), tobacco and fruits. Those which
may be helped include hog prod
ucts, fats and oils and evaporated
milk.
Dr. Ruhland Praised
At Health Institute
For Work in District
Dr. Harry F. Dowling
Lauds Him for
Fine Health Program
Dr. Harry F. Dowling of the Dis
trict of Columbia Medical (Society
today voiced high praise of the Dis
trict’s public health officer, Dr.
George C. Ruhland, in an addresg
before the Health Institute, spon
sored by the local Work Projects Ad
ministration.
Dr. Ruhland's post has been the
center of discussion following dis
closure this week that the Commis
sioners had Inserted a section in
their plan for reorganization of the*
municipal government providing the
head of the District Health Depart-**
ment must be an official of the
United States Public Health Service.
Factor in Health Program.
Before a capacity audience in the
United States National Museum Au
ditorium this morning, the speaker »
credited Dr. Ruhland with aiding in
placing the District high in health
control programs.
“We have an excellent health offi
cer in Dr. Ruhland, who has been a
great aid In the District's present
health control program," Dr. Dowl-I
Ing, a member of the Speakers’ Bu-',
reau of the local Medical Society.;
stated.
The District laboratory is occupied
24 hours a day typing diseases and
preparing serums, he pointed out,
adding that the issuance of • free
pneumonia serums to needy patients
was “another great step forward” in
combatting that disease.
Pneumonia, Dr. Dowling told the
group of nearly 500 W. P. A. execu
tives and workers, is the ’’captain
of the men of death that we must
run out of the ranks entirely.” He
warned of the complications from
the common cold and advised per-»
sons who have a cold to go to bed
immediately and call in a physician.
To Continue Six W..k<
Opening yesterday with an ad
dress by Dr. James R. Granger of
the local Medico-Chirugical Society,
the Health Institute will continue
for six weeks. Attendance at the
lectures is being arranged so that •
work on local W. P. A. projects will
not be disrupted, officials pointed
out. Virtually all of the administra
tion workers will have attended one
or more sessions before their close.
The institute was organized to in
struct workers in essential facts of
every-day health and to encourage
visits to clinics and physicians.
Dr. Ruhland, in a statement made
public yesterday by Administrator
Paul Edwards of the local W. P A
praised the Health Institute as “an
important contribution to the health
education of Washington ... and a
great factor in disease prevention ”
Instruction in health. Dr. Ruhland
said, was an excellent utilization
of the time of the workers.
Dr. Dowling, in his discussion
today, drew applause from his audi
ence when he warned that persons
with colds should “stay awav from '
others.” After the fifth day of a
common cold, he said, a person
should expect some complication.
The weak link in the medical
profession's fight against pneu
monia, Dr. Dowling stressed, was
the failure of persons to report to
a doctor. Physicians possess a
“double-barreled shotgun” in this
fight with the development of •
pneumonia serum and a new drug,
sulfapyridine, he said.
Mrs. Jenckes1 Car Use
Holds Man to Jury
Charged 'with joy-riding in an
automobile belonging to Virginia E
Jenckes, former Representative from
Indiana. Roscoe Toliver, 31, colored,
44 R street N.W., was held today
under $500 bond for action of the
grand jury.
Toliver appeared in Police Court
facing two - additional charges—
speeding and no operator’s permit—
as the outcome of a recent early
morning jaunt down Connecticut
avenue behind the wheel of Mrs.
Jenckes’ machine. Judge Hobart
Newman fined him $25 on the no
permit charge and $10 for speeding. *
Living costs in Shanghai, China,
are higher than ever before.
Weather Report
. (Furnished br the United States Weather Bureau.)
District of Columbia—Snow and colder tonight and tomorrow; lowest '
temperature about 10 degrees tomorrow, and zero or slightly lower
tomorrow night; continued cold Saturday and Sunday; gentle shifting
winds becoming fresh northerly tomorrow.
Maryland and Virginia—Snow and colder tonight and tomorrow;
continued cold Saturday and Sunday; severe cold tomorrow night.
West Virginia—Light snow tonight and tomorrow; colder tonight and
in east and south portions tomorrow; cold wave in southwest portion
tonight; continued cold Saturday and Sunday.
_ ....
buc uihuivuiw iiihi was central over
West Virginia Wednesday morning con
tinued to move rapidly eastward, being
centered this morning about 500 miles
south of Nova Scotia with lowest pressure
about 1.008 millibars (29.70 Inches', and
a trough extends thence west-southwest
ward to the lower Rio Grande Valley. La
redo. Tex., 1.008 millibars (29.77 Inches',
and Spartanburg. S. 8. 1.014.2 millibars
*29.95 inches'. Another disturbance is
devoloping over the southern Plateau re
ar'd Spartanburg, 8 C. 1.014.2 millibars
(29./.I Inches). The northwestern area
of abnormally high pressure and accom
panied by temperatures from 25 degrees to
40 degrees below normal has overspread
the area from the Rockv Mountain region
eastward to the Mlssissipol and lower
Ohio Vsl'evs and the upper Lake region.
The highest pressure reported this morn
ing was 1.048 1 mil'lb-rs (2095 inches',
at Havre, Mont . and the lowest tempera
ture -2fl degrees at several stat'nns In the
Dakota' Pressure remains relatively high
over and east of P]nr(de. Jacksonville.
t.017 0 millibars (.10 05 inches' Snow
mostly light has fellen in the Pocky Moun
tain region and the southern P’Mns States,
and from the lower Missouri Va'iey east
' ward to *>»e mtdd’e Atlantic coast.
Report far Last 24 Rears.
_ . . Temperature. Barometer
Yesterday— Degrees. Inches.
4 p.m.- 21 29.87
- 17 29.90
Midnight - 18 29.99
Today—
4 am. _ 18 10.04
8 a m.- 18 30.09
Noon - 22 30.07
Record for Last 24 Roars.
17.- 10 p.m. yesterday. Tear
ago, 26
Record Tempera teres This Tear.
Hiehest .65. on January 14.
Lowest. 18. on January 10.
Humidity tor Last 84 Honrs.
(From noim yesterday to noon today.)
^Highest. si per cent, at 2:30 p.m. yester
Lowest. 44 per cent, at 8 a.m. today.
River Report.
Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers clear
at Harpers Ferry: Potomac clear at Great
Falls today.
Tide Tables.
(Furnished by United States Coast and
Geodetic Survey.)
__ Today. Tomorrow.
High - 1:51a.m. 2:48 a.m.
Low - 8:30 a.m. - 0:27 a.m.
High —____ 2:28 p.m. 3:23 p.m.
Low - 0:23 p.m. 10:23 pjn.
The Baa and Moon.
Seta.
12:oip.m. f:ota.m.
lights must bo turned on
after sunset.
L A
Precipitation.
Monthly precipitation in lnche* In the
Capital (current month to date):
Month. 1940. Average. Record.
February M.. W W 'll
»::::::: ::: gp Mg
May - 3.70 10.69 ’89
June- 4.13 10.94 '00
July - 4.71 10.63 '88
August ......__ 4.01 14 4] 'og
September__ 3.24 1745 '34
October . is! ge?
November-- 2.37 8.69 '89
December ...- 3.32 7.56 '01
Weather In Varlaae Citlee.
Baro Htehm£pw. Weather. »
Abilene 30.21 64 14 _ Snow
Albany 29.94 8 0 __ Cloudy
Atlanta . 29.97 54 30 Clew
Atl city 30.09 20 14 0.02 Cloudy
Baltimore 30.09 22 15 0.01 Cloudy
Birmgham 30.00 56 28 Clear
Bismarck 30.56 -10 -23 -II Cloudy
Boston 20.92 18 10 ... Cloudy
Buffalo 29.89 12 8 Ckmly
Charleston 30.03 58 39 "" clear
Chicago 30.21 8 -12 _ ~ Cloudy
Cincinnati 30.15 25 9 0.02 Snow
Cleveland 3Q.03 18 5 ... Snow
Columbia 30.00 57 30 Clear »
Denver 30.58 45 -7 0.07 Snow
Detroit .. 30.00 15 7 _ Cloudy
El Paso .. 29.83 69 27 _ Clear
Galveston. 29.89 61 61 Cloudy
Helena .. 30.89 14 -11 0.03 Clear
Huron . 30.59 0 -24 Clear
Indl n polli 30.18 20 0 0.02 Clear
Jacks’nvllle 30.OS 60 41 Clear
Kans City 30.53 13 -5 0.12 Cloudy
L Angeles 29.86 72 48 Clear
Ixiulsyule 30 18 26 9 0.16 Snow
Miami 30.00 73 88 ... Cloudy
Mpls.-St.P. 30.30 —8 —21 _ clear
N. Orleans 30.00 67 41 Cloudy
New York 30.00 21 12 0 01 Cloudy
Norfolk 30.09 52 2# _ cloudy
Okla. City 30.42 40 -20 Alow'
gnmha 30.62 3 -17 0.06 Clear
PhUad’nhla 30.09 19 14 0.04 Cloudy
Phoenix 29.83 71 34 Clear
Pittsburgh 30.00 16 5 0.08 Snow
?’tland. Me. 29.83 11 2 . Clear
Ptl’d.Ore. 30.12 49 38 ... Cloudy
Raleigh 30.03 55 26 Cloudy
St. Louis anjtn 13 2 0.11 Snow
I- 9 3CT03 38 26 ... Snow
B. Antonio 29.89 66 47 _ Rain
Ban_ Diego 29.80 68 44 _ Clear
B. Pr’clsco 29.89 64 40 ... Clear
Beattie .. 30.18 47 42 ... Cloudy
Spokane 30 58 39 21 ... Clear
Tampa 30.06 63 43 ... Cloudy
WASH..D.C.30.09 26 17 ... Cloudy
FOREIGN STATIONS.
(Noon. Oreenwleh time, today.)
ss^ro.cc'1" “Tb as*
Solon. Canal Zone_ 76 Clear
r\