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Finland Issue Puts U. S. On Spot Defeat May Cause America Eventually To Aid Allies By DAVID LAWRENCE. Finland’s fate has put the Amer ican Government on the spot. Full of sympathy for the heroic fight being made by a free nation against the aggression of a aiciator ship state, the Congress and the President want to do something to manifest Amer ica ’ s interest. But how? To extendi financial aid for | arms is consid- | ered unneutral | or active partic- | lpation in the | war. 10 leuu money to let David Lawrence. Finland buy food is a sort of subter fuge. because Finland needs air planes and not food. To ask Fin land to exchange her food credits given by the United States for war supplies bought or bartered abroad is to connive with Finland to vio late the spirit though not the letter Of American neutrality. XL Id IlLU^UU-^u uuu ktiv vmkvw States loaned $25,000,000 to China In the midst of her war with Japan, and that technically Finland and Russia are not at war so that it is not a violation of international law for the Washington Government to lend to Finland money for food or airplanes. But the whole problem revolves around a fundamental issue. Of ficial Washington realizes that Fin land is making a desperate stand 1 against the onrush of Communism, and that it is important for Fin land to be helped because, if the allies cannot hold back Communism, then it may spread ’round the tvorld. Want Victory Without Risk. The real difficulty is that neither the Republican nor Democratic leadership here wants to face that fundamental. They want Com munism beaten back, but they do not want the American Government involved in the accomplishment of that purpose. The isolationists are thoroughly consistent. They, too, are sympa thetic with Finland, but they insist America must not send any money through the Government here, and that any aid extended should be by private citizens who shall give or loan funds. The Finns, on the other hand, think this is imprac ticable from the point of view of time. They must have financial aid before the snow is off the ground so that material assistance can be forthcoming. The fundamental issue really isn't any different from that which faced • the Congress last September. If the allies are beaten and the Brit ish fleet destroyed, America is held to be in danger oi oeing tumirencu to defend herself against a Fascist violation of the Monroe Doctrine. The defeat of Finland is, therefore, a vital part of the whole picture. 80 long as Russia and Germany are allied, some method of helping Fin land halt the Russians is a part of the allied war strategy. It is, therefore, asked here on all sides why Britain and France do not put credits at the disposal of Finland as they did for Poland and as they have done in the Near East. A few million dollars more or less out of the billions being spent by Britain and France can hardly be a consequential item. Can Give Planes and Materials. The British and French do not heed to donate or loan money— they can give airplanes and materi als to the Finns. It is 10 times more important for the British and French that Finland should succeed than it is for America to assure such a result. In the final analysis, the big fundamental issue may have to be faced—whether the United States will come to the aid of Britain and France with money either raised by private subscription or by direct appropriation from the United States Treasury. To create a prece dent at this time of helping Fin land may in itself furnish the jus tification for subsequent requests for aid for Britain and France. As public opinion stands today, there is no desire to enter the Euro pean war even with financial aid. The leadership in Congress soon may reflect that desire by letting Finland's plea go unanswered, though there is a rising public sentiment which evidently believes that lending money to Finland is not active participation in the war or an indirect involvement. Could Earmark Money. If the administration were to permit tne pending proposal to in crease the funds that can be loaned by the Export-Import Bank to be earmarked so that new money would go to Finland only, it might have a chance of passage. The possibility that Latin American na tions will ask for loans if there is no earmarking is in the back of the minds of Senators, who answer that Finland is in danger and Latin America isn’t—at least not yet. Finland is the unhappy victim of circumstances. Everybody here wants to help and yet stay out of the war. If Finland is beaten, the cause of democracy suffers a set back. But even larger in the back ground is the possibility that if England and France find them selves with their backs to the wall, America may be asked to send, not man power, but money and mate rials. It's this contingency which really gives concern here, for it The Capital Parade U. S. Policy of Holding Japanese At Bay Not Agreeable to Britain By JOSEPH ALSOP and ROBERT KINTNER. In the general confusion about the Par Eastern situation, the real objective of the administration's Far Eastern policy somehow has escaped attention. It is, quite simply, to hold the Japanese at bay in China until the English and French are free to Join in co-operative disciplinary action. This policy was originated by the American State Department. Indeed, while it has been grudg ingly accepted, it is far from -!CW1 DO^T agreeable to the English. Preoccu- AGREEMENT pied by their own terrible diffl- with JAPAN YET culties in Europe, the English have wanted to make some sort of deal _ _!_l__ W4 1V VUpa41V0V| 1 vv ognition of their interests in China for relief from pressure on English interests It is understood that Anglo-Japanese negotiations actu- , ally were started, but sharp ob jections voiced here caused the English to withdraw. Presumably this incident was the source of the extraordinary rumors about a secret Anglo-Japanese agreement. If the State Department policy rejects anything resembling Far Eastern appeasement, it also rejects, for the present at least, resort to any such strong measures as the much-talked-of anti-Japanese embargo. Senator Key Pittman, chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, is acting entirely independently in pushing an embargo in the Senate. Although he now has weakened his embargo resolution, so that it only crivpc the O Hml nicfrotirtM nAnmw A nrnninitvi ^ he is unlikely to obtain support from the department or the White House. [ The object of the administration policy is to keep the embargo as a future possibility, rather than to use it as an immediate threat. The Tariff Threat Rejection of appeasement on the one hqnd and the embargo on the other establish the limits of the administration policy. The policy is founded in the fact that Japan is dependent on this country for all sorts of raw materials and supplies required to prosecute her invasion of China. The policy had its beginning long ago, when Secretary of State Cordell Hull requested the airplane manufacturers not to sell military planes to Japan. Last spring, by the termination of the commercial treaty with Japan, the way was cleared tor further action. The six month waiting period had expired, and the treaty is no longer effective. About a week ago, Assistant Secretary of State Adolph A. Berle, jr„ acting for Secretary Hull, informed the Japanese Ambassador that there was no hope of patching up a substitute for the treaty. With the treaty out of the way, Japanese goods may be placed on the tariff blacklist, and countervailing duties and retaliatory duties may be imposed. Each of these three forms of action is highly technical, but the net effect of each would be to raise the duties on Japanese goods. With all three in force, Japanese exports to the United States would dwindle to a trickle, and Japan's ability to get supplies and commodities here would decrease proportionately. Plane Gas, Steel Alloys • The so-called China incident provides the legal grounds for tariff action agamst the Japanese, since there is unquestionable discrimination me state uepartmem is grandly demanding a return to the old Chi nese open door. The Japanese are busily making conciliatory gestures, but they cannot grant the State De partment’s demands. The China in cident has already created vast Japanese vested interests which temporarily require a closed door. Moreover, the open-door de mands are chiefly intended to re mind the Japanese that retribution awaits the moment they go too far. Concurrently steps are actually being taken to make Japanese dependence on this country still greater. For example, the Japanese recently at tempted to buy in this country the apparatus and processes for making airplane gasoline. They were frustrated by the State Department’s intervention. A list has already been compiled of strategic materials, such as certain steel alloys and the high octane gas, which the Japanese are forced to buy here. Even before tariff action is taken, any one of these materials may be cut off from the Japanese by a War Department order | or by arrangements between the State Department and the manufac- i turers. In truth, the administration policy is a pretty safe one, only requiring wise execution. (Released by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) contains the fundamental issue that Is being evaded on all sides by the politicians because they think isola tionist opinion is at the moment stronger than co-operationlst opin ion. (Reproduction Rights Reserved.) Habeas Corpus Writ Seeks to Free Blacksmith In a habeas corpus writ filed by a woman lawyer. Nita S. Hinman, a 50-year-old W.'P. A. blacksmith yesterday sought freedom from the Occoquan (Va.) Workhouse, where he has been held for seven months. The petitioner. Richard H. Cady, was arresteo under a Juvenile Court order and held in contempt for al leged failure to support his 16-year old daughter. Miss Hinman con tended that Mr. Cady is illegally detained because his daughter re sides in Maryland and Juvenile vuui u uulo nut ua*t jui iouu/vivii iw the case. Justice F. Dickinson Letts In issu ing the writ made it returnable at 1:30 p.m. Monday before one of the justices sitting in Criminal Court. Film on Postal Service Will Be Given Premiere “Men and Mail,” a sound motion picture depicting the history and present-day operation of the postal service, will receive its premiere showing tomorrow night, beginning at 8 o’clock, in the Willard Hotel. The film has been produced and will be shown throughout the United States by the National Federation of Post Office Clerks. Be sure the way is clear before you attempt to pass. 1). of Wisconsin Alumni To Hear Davies at Dinner Washington alumni of the Uni- ! versify of Wisconsin will celebrate i founder's day of the university Feb ruary 7 at 7:30 p.m. with a dinner at the Dodge Hotel. Former Ambassador to Belgium Joseph E. Davies and Senator Alex ander Wiley of Wisconsin will speak. The program, one of many all over the Nation, will be broadcast over a coast-to-coast hookup, be ginning at 9:30 p.m., E. S. T., it! w'as announced. Mr. Davies will speak on ''Intimate Glimpses of the European Scene." Senator Wiley will discuss the place of the Uni versity of Wisconsin in the State and Nation. There are said to be some 800 alumni of the institution in Wash ington, including 15 members of Congress. George E. Worthington, president of the local alumni, will preside. The university will be 91 years old February 7. President Clarence A. Dykestra will also speak on the radio broadcast. Capital U. Glee Club Will Sing Here Tonight The Glee Club of the Conservatory of Music of Capital University of. Columbus, Ohio, will give a concert in the auditorium of Wilson Teach er's College, Eleventh and Harvard streets N.W., at 8:15 o’clock tonight. Prof. Wilbur C. Christ is director of the club. The concert is being sponsored by the Capital University Alumni Association of Washington, assisted by the Luther Leagues of the American Lutheran Churches of Washington. CTHE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not 1 necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Washington Observations Effective N. L. R. B. Inquiry Foreshadows Broad Changes in Setup and Personnel By FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. By general consent, the House committee Investigation of the Na tional Labor Relations Board has proved to be one of the most ef * VVV< » V itlVjUtl >vu ever instituted by Congress. Although the probe is still in midstream, the opinion is freely held that it has already dealt a death blow to the N. L. R. B. as at present constituted, having unques tionably estab lished that it is a "mess and must be recon- Frfderic William Wile, structed, lock, stock and barrel, if it is to serve the purposes contem plated by the Wagner Act. The best guess is that Congress will be asked to dis-establish the existing three-man board and substitute a five or seven-man body, whose wings will be clipped of the arbitrary non administrative authority the present agency “wields. The betting is that a reorganized board will not include present tiiiummu viaucn iviau den or Member Edwin S. Smith, and will in all probability be chairmaned by Dr. William M. Leiserson. That Secretary Nathan Witt would survive the revamping is highly problemati cal. Board General Counsel Charles Fahy is considered a far more likely survivor, but other personnel casual ties will be heavy. * * * * House and Senate May Differ. Expectation is wide, too, that while the House will sustain the Smith Committee's anticipated rec ommendations for a revised N. L. R. B., opposition is certain in the Senate. The Wagner Act after all is a Senate baby and popular Bob Wagner of New York is its father. The Ives Commission of the New York State Legislature has just commended “tlv little Wagner Act" enacted at Albany on the model of the Federal statute. The Smith Committee has done an efficient job in taking the N. L. R. B. apart and showing the country why it hasn't ticked. It’s demonstrated that the board, not the act, is mainly to blame. Chief credit for that achievement goes to Committee Counsel Edmund M. Toland of the District of Columbia bar. That" militant young lawyer, by dint of his surefooted exploratory work in laying the foundations for the inquiry, reminds Capitol Hill veterans of the acumen whth which Samuel Untermyer 30-odd years ago conducted the famous Pujo money u uov mr coiigaiiuu iui uiu iiyuov Banking and Currency Committee. The Black Senate Committee inves tigations of lobbies and shipping and latterly some of the Dies Committee's methods brought congressional in quiries into popular disrepute, to say nothing of their average ineffec tiveness. The N. L. R. B. inquiry, thanks to a well-prepared and skill fully conducted case, has been a shining exception to the witch hunting, fishing expedition rule. So far. some 55 witnesses have been heard re N. L. R. B. Another 75 to 125 are yet to take the stand. Chair man Smith hopes to submit a pre liminary report in February. * * * * Bergdoll Case Still in Courts. While the Grover Cleveland Berg doll deserter case already has 20 years' growth of whiskers on it. and the scion of the Philadelphia brew ing dynasty is now' doing time at Governors Island, legal battles still rage around his tangled affairs. Bergdoll's mother and brother are said recently to have filed suit to recover money allegedly due from the deserter. It's also reported that Harry Weinberger, Who has repre sented Bergdoll off and on since 1920. is suing for some $50,000 as an alleged balance of counsel fees. At his recent trial at Army headquarters in New York, the prisoner's counsel numbered seven, including a Wash ington firm now representing him in his petition for certiorari by the Supreme Court. Bergdoll’s relief on habeas corpus was denied by the District Court at New York, whose action was sustained by the Circuit Court of Appeals. The request for certiorari seeks reviews of the action of the two last-named courts. * * * * Washington Goes Los Angeles. Finland and infantile paralysis, after all, are worthy causes, and that covers a multitude of whims. All the same, the National Capital for the past week has gone Los Angeles with a vengeance, with its moronic mass adulation of movie stars. Every one who ever visited the Southern California metropolis remembers how that community of blasted hopes goes in for golden-calf worship of everybody and everything that comes out of Hollywood, Culver City, Burbank and Beverly Hills. Well, Washington was like that while the recent orgy of "world premieres” and Birthday Balls had the place upside down. As Mr. Will Hays’ Motion Picture Producers and Dis tributors of America and their over-salaried mummers are, after all, the chief beneficiaries of this organized box-office ballyhoo, why wouldn't it be good sense to save the fuss and flummery, simply tax the screen industry, say, a round $1,000,000, and let it charge the money up to advertising. When all's said and done, that's about what it is. * * * * For Small Business. Latest under the high-pressure Washington sun is the “National Small Business Research Bureau,” which has just swung into action for the purpose of promoting the interests of that forgotten atom of the American economic community, the small business man. Its direc tor is Charles G. Daughters, who was research and technical adviser to Representative Wrieht Patman. Democrat, of Texas, in connection with the Robinson-Patman Act, which was designed to cramp the style of chain stores. Chairman of the board of the Small Business Bureau is the Rev. Dr. John F. B. Carruthers of California, well known in Washington as a clergyman and publicist. The bureau plans during 1940 to establish "business policy boards" in each of the country's 435 congressional districts, which sounds as if plenty of heat will be turned on at Washington from time to time. * * * * Preparedness. Assistant Secretary of War Louis Johnson is clothed with the statu tory duty of seeing that in the next war the United States is adequately equipped with the actual sinews of battle and means of its own to produce them. His current annual report shows that he’s valiantly on the job. Few Americans realize how unready even our vast industrial system was in 1917-18 to supply the equipment needs of the A. E. F. Except for four 14-inch naval guns, the First Army in France at no time fired a single cannon or shell made in America. No tank of American manufacture was ever used on the western front. We had to buy ar , ■■■ ■■■- ■■ ■■ ' —.. ■ — — ■—■■■■■ ■ ■■■ , We, the People President Plays 'Campaign Game' Eagerly as Any Citizen By JAY FRANKLIN. The fact that the White House has given the green light to the 1940 aspirations of Senator Burton K. Wheeler—accompanied by a helpful, though qualified, indorsement from Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska —illustrates President Roosevelt’s strategy for the coming election. The third-term advocates have never pretended that F. D. R. could or would force himself upon the party or the country by political pressure or patronage. The Hatch “Pure 7 ZZLf^t Politics” law was passed and signed UM ^ last summer to prevent exactly this sort of thing and is heartily in dorsed by the administration. Mr. Roosevelt has no intention of running again unless there is a uicax liduuuai ucvscaauy auu uu uu mistakable public demand for his services. Therefore, instead of using the powers of his great office to choke off or discourage rival candi dacies for the majority party’s nomination, the President has given the "Go-Go” to all comers, including those who advocate his own re-election. Still Cordial With Garner He has not allowed the Gamer boom and its challenge to the New Deal reforms to cast even a slight cloud across the cordial and warm mutual friendship which exists between himself and “Cactus Jack.” Few New Dealers believe that F. D. R. will support or indorse Gamer or a Gamer-backed candidate but there is no disposition to take umbrage at the existence of the Garner faction in the Democratic party. Last July, he gave Paul V. McNutt the key position for personal piUIIlUliUii ux jjicaiuciiuai ntatuic-nic wci-umij auinuuowawjoin^. 11c did this knowing that McNutt was an admitted candidate for the presi dency and that, furthermore, Postmaster General Farley could not take the Hoosier in any shape, form or manner. The President was equally generous to Mr. Farley. He allowed "Big Jim” to convert the Democratic National Committee into a personal appanage lor the support of Farley’s sizable merits and availability as presidential timber. Mr. Roosevelt permitted this to happen at a time when he and the party needed the full support of the National Com mittee in order to uphold the administration’s program and to unite the administration’s supporters. Towards the candidacy promoted by the friends of Secretary of State Cordell Hull, Mr. Roosevelt showed equal generosity. He staked the power and prestige of the administration on the renewal of the Trade Agreements Act—Mr. Hull’s pet policy and one which lends itself to Republican attack and public misunderstanding. Wheeler Is Latest Senator Wheeler is only the latest of the Democratic aspirants' to receive a smile and a slap on the back. If he is what the American people want, Mr. Roosevelt is too wise a politician to stand in the way of their decision. From the White House comes word of still other combinations, "mentions” of Attorney General "Bob” Jackson, of Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia of New York City, of Rooseveltian talk of various tickets and possibilities. The President is playing the great American campaign game as eagerly as any other citizen. If, out of the welter of men, issues and events, a combination and a program emerges with a roar of real approval and applause, F. D. R. can say his “Nunc DimittLs" and retire to Hyde Park ! for the next four years. If, on i the other hand, the inadequacy of : other candidates and the pressure of the foreign war crisis lead to a ; deep and imperious popular demand that Mr. Roosevelt run again, he : will do so—and do so willingly, knowing that he has done his best to find an acceptable successor and has failed to convince his supporters that any one else will do. * * * * As evidence of a better temper in the whole presidential picture, there is now the Anti-Fourth Term League of America which distrib utes membership cards. The by-laws of this organization provides that “no member may be admitted to the league without pledging himself not to vote for any President of the United States for a fourth term (except in a most extreme emergency which cannot now be foreseen) I” (Released by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) ; tillery, howitzers, machine guns, automatic rifles and bombs in enor mous quantities in both France and Britain. Johnson's task is to see this doesn't happen again. Engineer Will Lecture R. E. Birch, research engineer for 1 the Harbison-Walker Refractories Co. of Pittsburgh, will give an illus trated lecture on “The Present Day Art of Manufacturing Refractories’’ tomorrow at 3 p.m. in the Commerce Department auditorium. The lec ture will be sponsored by the Edu cation Committee of the Patent Office. Third-Term Drive Helps ‘ Cautious Boys Band-Wagon Riders Have Chance to Look Over Field By CHARLES G. ROSS. If the third-term movement Is a headache to the Democrats who aspire to succeed Mr. Roosevelt, it Is a godsend to the practical politl tious wuo want to see how the wind is blowing before they line up for a candi date. That the movement is for midable there can be no doubt. Only the most positive decli nation of the President to run again can damp en it out of cbarifs g. Boss, hind it are two groups—one with a strong bread and-butter motive for keeping the President in power, the other actu ated by the sincere belief that the cause of liberalism 'as liberalism is interpreted by this group) can best be served by a third term. Together they make up a powerful backing; together they are exerting a pressure thnt yys o IT Tsrrtl 1 yociiH tVsrt (i J r f I ing'’ of the President. Some of this pressure, however, is I more apparent than real. Some of it comes from political bosses, big and little, who see the third-term drive primarily as the perfect screen behind which to shelter when con fronted with the conflicting claims of other aspirants. Want to Ride on Bandwagon. It is axiomatic in politics that the practical fellows, the boys who get out the vote, want to ride with the winner. They can always rise above principle. It isn't a case with them, as it is with the idealists in politics, of hitching a wagon to a star, but of catching a ride on the bandwagon. A good many of those who made a wrong calculation at the Democratic convention in 1832 have never ceased to be regretful; some of them have been doing penance ever since. For conspicuous example there was Boss Frank Hague of New Jersey. He was among the bitterest of the Roosevelt opponents in 1932. From his headquarters flowed a stream of ! statements, oral and written, about j what a terrible calamity it would be if the party nominated Roose velt. the “weakest” candidate who could be chosen. Any one unversed in the ways of politics might have thought it im : possible for Hague, after what he j said in 1932, to support Roosevelt. But he did. His act of contrition was outstanding among many such acts by politicians of high and low degree. Some of the mourners came gradually back into the royal favor, some of them never did. For a long time, at any rate, there were lean j pickings at Jim Farley’s table for j those who had committed the almost unpardonable sin of not having been for Roosevelt B.C. Paul V. McNutt may conceivably wish today that he had not been so slow in delivering the Indiana votes that Jim Farley wanted in ’32. Right Vehicle Was Plain. There wasn’t any chance for the boys to go wrong in 1936. There was one big gilded vehicle, plainly the right one. and they all turned hand springs to get aboard. Those were happy days. Things are vastly different now, more like what they were back in the days of indecision in 1932. - Nobody can tell what is going to happen. The boys are puzzled. A wrong guess may land the guesser in a political Siberia. » Maybe it's the Wheeler wagon they should clamber aboard. Maybe it's McNutt's, or Garner’s, or Hull's, or Farley's, or somebody elses. Nobody knows. It may even turn out to be the same star-spangled I wagon that had nc competition in 1936. So the boys are waiting—not only the men who run the big city ma chines but the little fellows back in the county court houses. The third term movement plays into their hand. They can move along with it I and still keep on good terms with ! all the candidates. If the movement : succeeds, they get the credit of having been with it from the start: if it collapses, they will have had time and opportunity to size up the prospects of all the candidates without commitment to any. The set-up is ideal for the politi cians who want to take a good long look before they leap. Grand Jury Returns 40 Indictments The grand jury returned 40 In dictments to Justice Peyton Gordon in Criminal Court yesterday. One indictment charged Ernest Stafford Lee, 32, colored, with steal ing a parcel post package contain LAig a vane iiuut a. ouuaiibutc' Ulan carrier shortly before Christinas. Others indicted and the charges against them included: Inez ■ Minnie Thomas, robbery (four charges), assault with intent to commit robbery and grand lar ceny; Henry Stevens, assault with a dangerous weapon; Carl W. Tuck er, non-support of wife; Charles E. Leapley, John Byrd. Charlie Mills, James McCray, Clyde Williams and William Taylor, housebreaking and larceny; John R. Nesbitt, joyriding; Samuel J. Hanna, Richard S. Wat son, Harry A. Suit, joyriding and grand larceny; James Bolden, War ren Baylor, Gilbert Moates, Ayor A. Reeves, Ralph V. Beale, Calvin S. Brodis, Ernest Lovelace, Charles A. Bush, Le Roy E- Anderson and Marjory A. Calan, robbery; Wyman H. Warren, Tom Pane, John H. Howie and Nathaniel Fletcher, as sault with a dangerous weapon. Reports 13,038 Youths Placed in Private Jobs A total of 13,038 young persons were placed in jobs in private busi ness last month by the National Youth Administration, Administra tor Aubrey Williams has announced. Mr. Williams said positions ob tained by the N. Y. A. junior place- , ment services, which operate In co operation with State employment offices, during December represented an Increase of more than 2,000 over the previous month. Temporary jobs created by Christmas sales rush were responsible In part for the in crease. DRIVE PAIN FROM STIFF MUSCLES VVhy let aching, sore, muscles. back ache. or rheumatic pain lay you up when there's speedy, heaven-sent re lief in Omega Oil—the grand liniment ■—just rub it In—let it penetrate where It does most good—and In no time the pain letB up. Breaks up misery of chest-cold tightness, too! Thousands Of grateful people have sworn by It for two generations. 35< all drug stores. Tour money back if not delighted! A t i-^THOMPSON BROS.^-i -I ANACOSTI A, 0. 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