Evening star. [volume], March 14, 1940, Page A-3, Image 3

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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Viipuri Occupation
Final Triumph,
Reds Announce
Captured 5 Hours Before
End of Fighting, Says
Russian Communique
•7 the Associated Preaa.
MOSCOW, March 14.—Jubilant
Russia announced today the Red
Army’s final triumph against Fin
land—occupation of Viipuri, which
the treaty of peace already had
made Russian.
The besieged city apparently was
the last active sector of the 105-day
war An army communique said the
Russians occupied it yesterday five
hours before “hostilities ended on all
sectors of the front in conformity
with the peace treaty.”
Tass, Soviet news agency, reported
crowded mass meetings throughout
Russia to acclaim the peace which
the Soviet Union scored as a gain
strategically and materially.
An editorial in the government
newspaper Izvestia declared the
changes in the Finnish-Russian
border were reasonable and just.
"The treaty," is added, "revealed
that neither during diplomatic
negotiations nor after a military
success does the U. S. S. R. present
to even its smallest neighbors a de
mand incompatible with their na
tional dignity or independence.”
Scandinavia Seen Relieved.
The newspaper asserted that Scan
dinavian countries were relieved be
cause peace had dissolved any direct
threat to their independence or of
their being involved in war.
Typical of workers’ resolutions re
ported by Tass was this one adopted
In a Moscow automobile factory:
“Our heroic Red Army showed
real miracles of heroism and demon
strated what the army of the Soviet
can accomplish when fighting for its
people.
“The treaty with Finland is a fresh
victory for the Stalin policy of peace.
We hail our government which
proved able to gain its purpose for
the sake of the security and protec
tion of our peaceful, constructive
labor.”
Bid for Nickel Mines Expected.
Aside from Russia’s territorial
gains, it was pointed out that the
U. S. S. R. may have won her most
Important economic corridor to
Scandinavia and the Atlantic
through extensive transit rights
across the Petsamo district to Nor
way and the agreement to connect
the Murmansk railroad with Sweden.
Finnish Aid
<Continued From First Page.)
moral right to live in everlasting
peace and independence in the land
they have so bravely defended.”
That the end of Russo-Finnish
hostilities did not signify a slacken
ing in efforts in this country to
extend aid to the sorely beset
civilian population of the little
Baltic nation has been made clear by
spokesmen of the several independ
ent Finnish relief organizations.
In addition, Federal Loan Admin
istrator Jesse H. Jones announced
yesterday that the $20,000,000 re
cently earmarked as an Export
Import Bank loan to Finland will
remain credited to that country
and available for any non-military
purposes.
Continued Aid Needed.
The degree to which this con
tinued aid is essential to the Finnish
people was indicated in a cablegram
yesterday from President Kyosti
Kallio to Herbert Hoover and in a
statement issued here last night by
Mr. Procope.
"The peace is hard,” Mr. Procope
aaid, “but Finland is not defeated.
Finland is still a free democratic
country and Finland will continue
to fulfill her duty amongst other
free peoples.
“The sacrifices and the suffering
of Finland at this moment are
heavy. Her needs in food, clothing
and medical supplies and for the
restoration of her devastated homes
are great and urgent.
"The assistance of the American
people in meeting these needs has
been and still is of vital Importance
to us ”
Lauds Finns’ Valor.
As lor the question of accepting
Finland’s new status—with her
frontiers trimmed to meet Russian
demands—doubt about this Govern
ment's eventual decision is occa
sioned by its policy of withholding
completely or according only condi
tional recognition to the acquisition
of territory through force or threat
of force.
In a formal statement late yes
terday, President Roosevelt made it
clear that Russia’s victory is not a
new answer to the question of the
rights of small nations, indicating
thereby that any acceptance of the
situation by this Government will
be with reservations.
"The ending of this war does not
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CHERRY BLOSSOM POSTER—The first Cherry Blossom Festival
poster submitted to the committee for consideration in the
city-wide contest of art schools is shown with Miss France
Mestekin of the Arts Students Academy. The winning poster
will be duplicated to publicize the annual festival on April 5 and 6.
yet clarify the inherent right of
small nations to the maintenance
of their integrity against attack
by superior force,” the Chief Ex
ecutive declared.
Three factors are involved in re
tention of our moral embargo on the
export of certain military supplies
and materials to Soviet Russia.
First of these is the fear that
the Moscow government may pur
sue the tactics of the Berlin gov
ernment toward Czecho-Slovakia,
namely, disregard its own pledges
of the neighboring state’s inde
pendence and complete the actual
conquest at a later date. Cession
of the Karelian Isthmus and La
doga defense lines, of Hanko's forti
fied positions and of the railroad
right of way across Finland’s waist
admittedly leaves the country sadly
weakened if any further military
effort should be required.
Second factor, and reports from
Shanghai today lend it weight, is
the possibility that Russia may not
turn to renewed military aggression
in the Near East, or possibly in the
Balkans.
Third is the possibility that
American military purchases by
Russia might eventually reach Ger
many.
“None of Our Business.
comment on the whole Baltic sit
uation was varied on Capitol Hill,
but from Chairman Pittman of the
Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee came a warning last night that:
“It is none of our business. There
is nothing to be gained by criticism,
either of the allies or of Germany,
for the part they have played in the
Finnish situation.”
Text of Statement.
The statement released by Mr.
Early follows in full:
“In a statement given to the press
on December 1, 1939, the President
said, ‘It is tragic to see the policy
of force spreading, and to realize
that wanton disregard for law is
still on the march.’ At the same
time, the President declared that all
peace-loving peoples still hope for
relations throughout the world on
the basis of law and order, and
unanimous condemn resort to mili
tary force as the arbiter of inter
national differences.
"The President also asserted that
news of the Soviet naval and mili
tary bombings within Finnish terri
tory had come as a profound shock;
that to the great misfortune of the
world, the present trend to force
makes insecure the independent ex
istence of small nations in every
continent and jeopardizes the rights
of mankind to self-government.
“The President now adds to his
statement of December 1, 1939, by
saying that the people of Finland,
by their unexcelled valor and strong
resistance in the face of overwhelm
ing armed forces, have won the
moral right to live in everlasting
peace and Independence in the land
they have so bravely defended.
Have Increased U. S. Respect.
"The President reiterates that the
people and government of Finland
have again increased the respect
and warm regard in which they
are held by the people and Govern
ment of the United States, even
though it is clear that by virtue
of an attack by a neighbor many
times stronger, they have been com
pelled to yield territory and to ac
cept a material weakening of their
own future defense of their in
dependence.
"The ending of this war does not
yet clarify the inherent right of
small nations to the maintenance of
their integrity against attack by
superior force.”
D. C. Taxes
(Continued From First Page.)
the District, appeared shortly after
12 o'clock.”
In addition to Mr. Nichols and
Mr. Dlrksen the subcommittee is
composed of Representatives Ken
nedy of Maryland and McGehee of
Mississippi, Democrats, and Bates,
Republican, of Massachusetts.
Would Tax Income Earned Here.
Yesterday Mr. Bates told reporters
he would recommend an amend
ment to the income tax levy to make
the basis of taxation income earned
here rather than "domicile” here as
the law now provides.
ir tne tax applied to income
earned here by non-residents, Mr.
Bates felt controversy over domicile
would be eliminated and that in
most instances triple taxation would
be avoided.
He added that many States have
reciprocal tax laws which allow de
duction for taxes paid in the District
provided the District extended the
same courtesy.
Chairman King of the Senate Dis
trict Committee also has suggested to
District officials that the law be re
written to tax all income earned in
the District, with credit allowed for
similar taxes paid elsewhere.
Favors Pond Plan.
Senator King recalled that, per
sonally, he had favored applying the
income levy to all whose income is
earned here, including members of
Congress, and allowing non-resi
dents to deduct similar taxes paid
at home He said there are some
decisions, however, under which it
would not be a discrimination to ex
empt members of Congress or other
high Government officials who must
come to Washington to perform
their services.
Senator King said he would sup
port the Pond plan if he thought
it could be enacted, and added that
if the House passes It, he will make
every effort to obtain Senate ap
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President Nominates
Two New Officials
For F. C. A. Vacancies
Green and Arnold
Are Named; Goss
Latest to Resign
President Roosevelt today nomi
nated two new officials to the Farm
Credit Administration to replace
men who recently resigned.
Named to the post of land bank
commissioner was Roy M. Green of
Kansas, to succeed Albert 8. Goss,
whose resignation was announced
late yesterday.
Chosen for the position of pro
duction credit commissioner was
Carl R. Arnold of Ohio as successor
to S. M. Garwood.
The changes in the Farm Credit
Administration are part of the up
heaval in personnel which has taken
place there since the agency was
put. under the supervision of Secre
tary of Agriculture Wallace.
Regarded as Dismissal.
Regarding the Goss resignation, L
J. Taber, master of the National
Grange, issued a statement saying
the action really was a “dismissal"
and came “as a shock to the friends
of organized agriculture.”
“Mr. Goss has served for a quar
ter of a century in various farm or
ganizations," Mr. Taber said, “and
has the unqualified respect and
esteem of literally millions of people,
who will keenly regret this treatment
of a conscientious, tireless and
faithful public servant.”
Mr. Goss, who leaves his post to
morrow after 23 years with the Fed
eral land banks, is the third high
official to depart in protest against
the Agriculture Department's as
sumption of control over the F. C. A.
The first was F. F. Hill, governor
succeeded by A. G. Black, and the
second was Peyton Evans, general
counsel. President Roosevelt ac
cepted the Goss resignation “with
regret.”
Condemns 8ystem.
Mr. Goss said of the new F. C. A.:
“Now the distinct tendency is to
ward a type of so-called credit in
which personal responsibility is de
nied, loans are made to everybody,
no adequate margin of safety is pro
vided and the Government pays the
loss whenever the borrower wants
to quit paying.
“Farmers should never forget that
lending them more money and get
ting them deeper into debt is no
substitute for lack of income and
that under sound farm conditions
with fair prices, mortgage credit
ceases to be a grievous problem.”
proval. He pointed out the Senate
cannot originate tax legislation.
'Domiciled' U. S. Workers
To Be Taxed by Kentucky
Word was received here today
from Kentucky that Federal work
ers regarded as residents there would
be held strictly accountable for the
State's income tax.
A statement from E. Ellis Sutton,
income tax supervisor, Issued at
Frankfort, said:
“Federal employes working outside
of Kentucky and having a domicile
within Kentucky are taxable under
the Kentucky income tax law. The
greater number of individuals in
this group are those working in
Washington, D. C., and living in
Virginia, Maryland and the Dis
trict of Columbia.
“Such persons, once domiciled in
Kentucky, are subject to the Ken
tucky Income tax law if a domicile
has not been established in some
other State or the District of Co
lumbia. If the individual's domicile
is claimed to be outside of Kentucky,
there must be clear and convincing
evidence in the form of identifiable
actions of such intention to estab
lish a domicile in some other State
or the District of Columbia.”
On the other hand, the opinion
said, Kentuckians earning income
for personal services or from prop
erty inside the State also are sub
ject to the State tax, regardless of
whether they maintain a residence
elsewhere.__
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Defensive Alliance
Inescapable, Says
Finns' President
0
Kallio Thanks All Who
Lent Aid; Summons
Nation to Continue Unity
(Continued From First Page.)
settlement in Moscow returned to
Helsinki last night with the text of
the peace pact. •
Looking ahead, Kallio declared,
“This nation must count on its own
strength and unity for the great re
construction task," but added, “We
trust that those civilized nations
which recognize the fundamental
principles on which our defensive
struggle was based will make it their
duty to support us.”
Foreign Minister Vaino Tanner
made it clear that despite the
crushing peace that ended 105 days
of war with Soviet Russia, Finland
intended to take every step to pro
tect her newly-narrowed borders
from future threats.
Borden Held Defensible.
Asked if fortification of the new
borders would be permitted, Tanner
flashed back:
“Who is going to stop us?”
He added, “Our military com
manders say all borders are defen
sible.”
Nevertheless, Finland looked for
ward to discussions soon aimed
at a defensive alliance with Swe
den and Norway
Foreign Minister Halvdan Koht
of Norway said his country agreed
several days ago to “consider the
possibility” of such an alliance.
These Northern neighbors already
have agreed to talk it over at Fin
land's initiative, Tanner said, al
though they refused such an over
ture when the war was in progress.
Appeals for Unity.
To the mourning public of Fin
land, which lost thousands of its
sons and much of its wealth in the
futile struggle against invasion, the
government broadcast a plea for
continuing in peace the co-operation
and unity that was so characteristic
in war.
The Philippine Commonwealth
has a population of 16,000,000, ac
cording to last year’s census.
That epic struggle, the govern
ment said, was now just another
“chapter of history,” and Finland
must turn to the task of restoring
her ruined cities end humble >»*—+■
laid in embers by Soviet bombing
planes.
The grim little Finnish Army
prepared for the step-by-step with
drawal from its snowy battle fronts
as provided for both armies in
Russia’s truculent peace terms.
First Withdrawal, a minimum of
7 kilometers (about 4.5 miles), is
scheduled tomorrow in the Ueksa
area, with similar retreats to follow
in other sectors on a schedule that
calls for the last removal from the
Petsamo area April 10.
Ratification May Watt.
Tanner indicated that the formal
ity of ratification by the Finnish
Diet might not come for several
weeks.
The treaty provided for exchange
of ratifications within 10 days of its
signature, that Is, by March 22.
Tanner told newspapermen that
Great Britain and France had not
pressed Finland to continue the war.
He expressed thanks for “large
quantities” - of war material they
supplied “although they had no
obligation to Finland,” and added
his gratitude for the volunteers and
financial help from America.
Shortly before the peace was made
Britain and France offered to send
Finland an army of 50,000 men.
Previously a French spokesman had
warned that a settlement such as
Finland now has made would lay
her open to the same obliteration
which befell Czecho-Slovakia at
Germany’s hands after the sur
render of Sudetenland.
Tanner himself said yesterday
that Finland’s yielding was “the
fault of our being forsaken by out
fellow democracies.”
“Debt to West Paid.”
In similar vein, the sad old Fin
nish field marshal, Baron Carl
Gustaf Mannerheim, declared in his
final order of the day that Finland
has “paid to the very last penny
any debt we may have owed to the
Wcst/j_Presumably he meant any
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moral obligation, although bo did
not elaborate.
With a touch of the old-time lire,
however, Baron tfannerhetm added:
“We are produly conscious of the
historic duty which we will continue
to fulfill: Defense of that western
civilization which has been our heri
tage for centuries.”
The tall, seamy-faced old general
who won Finland's independence
from the Reds more than a score of
years ago, said:
"Our fate is hard now that we are
compelled to give up an alien race,
a race with a life philosophy and
moral values different from ours,
the ground which for centuries we
have cultivated in labor and sweat.
‘Yet we must put our shoulders to
the wheel in order that we may pre
pare on the soil left to us a home for
those rendered homeless and an im
proved livelihood for all. And as
before we must be ready to defend
our diminished fatherland with the
same resolution and the same fire
with which we defended our undi
vided fatherland.”
Red Dead Put at 20#,HO.
He estimated the Rusisan dead at
200,000; the Finnish at 15,000. For
eign military observers, however,
placed the figures at 250,000 Russians
killed and 250,000 wounded, com
pared with 30,000 Finns killed and
35,000 wounded. They said the un
usually high ratio of dead to
wounded was due to the bitter cold,
which spelled death to nearly every
gravely wounded man in the open.
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