Evening star. [volume], March 14, 1940, Page A-8, Image 8

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
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MUIIIN CIACKEIS... A MIIIC! IF NATIINAL IISCIIT CINPANT
Battleship Building
By Nazis Serious
Threat to Allies
/
Reich May Have Six in
Service in '40 With
Completion of Four
By MAJ. GEORGE FIELDING
ELIOT.
The period of Jockeying for posi
tion still continues, with the Finnish
war apparently ended (subject
always to Helsinki’s ratification of
unexpectedly harsh terms)—a great
German victory, if present reports
prove true, closing the northern
flank to allied efforts, assuring the
Swedish iron supplies, releasing Rus
sia from an awkward position, rein
forcing thereby the German-Russian
situation in the Balkans and the
Black Sea.
But just in the measure as allied
attention is thereby diverted to the
Balkans theater, with its long sea
borne line of communications, so is
increased in importance the naval
race which is going on in Europe,
the nature of which has been little
understood in America.
Considering the battleship as the
backbone of naval power (and there
is nothing so far in this war to cast
doubt on this generally accepted
view), we find that at the outset of
the war (September 3, 1939), the
number of first-line battleships in
service was as follows: Great Brit
ain. 15; France, 7; Germany, 2;
Italy, 2; Russia, 0.
Ten Available for Service.
Of the British battleships, three
were in the Mediterranean, two were
in dockyard hands undergoing a
general refit, leaving 10 for service
in the Atlantic. Since then, however,
the situation has undergone material
alteration. The British have lost
one battleship, at least two more
have suffered serious injury. They
have been compelled to withdraw
most if not all of their strength from
the Mediterranean, leaving that
theater to France. The Italians have
completed, or are about to complete,
four more battleships, giving them
an actual fighting superiority for the
moment to the French (the factor
of efficiency aside).
But this is not all. The Germans
are completing, perhaps have already
completed, two new 35,000-ton battle
ships—the Bismarck and the Tirpltz
—with one more and possibly still
another approaching readiness. Sup
posing them to finish all four this
year, they also will have six modem
battleships. Leaving the British and
French fleets in status quo ante hel
ium, assuming the need for at least
observing the Italians with equal
forces, taking into account the very
great demands of convoy escorts,
which must be prepared to deal with
raids by heavy-armored cruisers,
and we do not And a comfortable
situation for the allies.
The German ships average much
faster than the allied—indeed, only
five of the allied ships have the speed
to bring them to action. Raids by the
German squadron of six ships into
the Atlantic shipping lanes might
easily produce a most serious state of
affairs, especially if they had ports
of refuge other than those of Ger
many herself, a point to be remem
bered in connection with the. rather
curious Arctic demands of Russia
upon Finland, envisaging some Rus
sian Interest in an approach to the
Norwegian frontier.
But the allies are also building bat
tleships. Mr. Churchill has an
nounced recently that the five battle
ships of the King George V class are
due for completion in the near fu
ture, whatever that may mean.
French battleships have suffered
greater relays in construction. But it
is likely that at least one new one—
the Richelieu—will be added to the
fleet during 1940. Thus, the immedi
ate naval situation at any given mo
ment is very largely concerned with
the actual dates of readiness of these
new ships for sea service. If the Ger
mans can complete all four of their
i
SMOKI A
MR YOUR FRIT CIOARITTI 6
IN THI MORNINO 3
I ...costs you loss.
Spuds actually cost
you less than any other
leading mentholated
cigarette. They're easy
on your pocketboolc as
well as on your throat.
“Hut'S
vaimciuNM'*
jSf
2m,.maduByaput
enfetf process that
enhances theflsvorand
aroma of the tobaccos.
It doesn’t kill them. No
other cigarette can nse
this process.
3.. * glv* you tho
toothing, freshen*
ing effect of menthol
plus so much fine to*
bacco flavor. Spud is
mildly mentholated,
yet it is still ft cigarette.
•MTHIM AS 6
A MILOOY k?
4,..eomoa In both
plain and cork tip
—whieheveryou prefer.
So take your choice.
Ask for Spuds today.
Cs»r> IfW. Axton-risktr
■hips before the. allies have com
pleted any, they may make trouble.
This seems unlikely, British ef
ficiency in shipbuilding being what
it Is.
Eyes on Far East.
On the other hand, it Is necessary
to remember that one of the basic
British purposes In making so con
siderable an addition to its battle
ship strength has been to be able,
while keeping the European-situa
tion well In hand, to detach a capi
tal ship squadron to the Far East,
where the steadying effect of such a
force upon the Japanese attitude
toward British Interests has long
been felt necessary. It Is hardly to
be supposed that such a detach
ment could be considered at present,
and yet the Japanese have shown
themselves past masters In the art
of taking advantage of Western dis
tractions to accomplish Eastern ob
jectives. Hong Kong and the Inter
national Settlement and the British
concession in Tientsin still remain
exposed outposts, possible targets
for Japanese attack should the mili
tary party consider a showdown
with Great Britain preferable at this
time rather than wait for Britain’s
hands to be freed in Europe at some
future date. Indeed, such a show
down might seem more attractive
than the present situation In China,
which Is slowly but rather definitely
diminishing the prestige of the army
leaders at home.
In any case, we shall during 1940
probably see a new naval situation
In Europe, in which the capital ship
strengths of the fleets will become:
Great Britain, 19; France, 8; Ger
many, 6; Italy, 6; the Germans thus
translate their position not into one
in which they have any hope of vic
tory In line of battle, but from one
in which they are confined to com
merce raiding to one in which their
raiding can be backed up by a "fleet
in being”—a very different and far
more difficult situation from tbs al
lied point of view, requiring quite
different dispositions to meet. Oreat
dispersion of capital units becomes
no longer safe; some means other
than capital ship detachments must
be found for the protection of major
convoys; the faster capital ships—
the new ones, as they come to hand
—must be kept concentrated, ready
to deal swiftly with a German sortie
in twee.
Yet even this Is not easy. The
submarine and the airplane have
slowly moved back the distance at
which the base of the blockading
fleet must be placed vls-a-vls the
ports to be blockaded.
(Oopntebt. 18*0. br the New York Tribune,
me.)
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