Evening star. [volume], July 22, 1940, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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88th YEAR. No. 35,146.__WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, JULY 22, 1940—THIRTY-TWO PAGES. *** THREE CENTS,
NO PEACE NOW, HALIFAX ANSWERS HITLER
• - I
British Fight On to Freedom,
World Is Told, as Nazis Warn
Reply Will Bring 'Zero Hour'
Official Statements *
Awaited by Hitler
Before Striking
Bv LOUIS P. LOCHXER,
Associated Press War Correspondent.
BERLIN. July 22.—England’s
•“zero hour” will come after Foreign
•Secretary Lord Halifax and Prime
Minister Churchill have replied to
Adolf Hitler’s “final” proposal for
peace, authorized German sources
eaid today.
(Lord Halifax gave Britain's
answer in a world broadcast, say
ing Britain would fight on for
freedom.) t
The authorized sources intimated
official British answers are all Hitler
Is waiting for before starting his
threatened great offensive on the
British Isles themselves.
It was said it was apparent, how
ever, that the Fuehrer is willing
to wait even longer in case the
English people disavow the leader
ship of Mr. Churchill, whose answer
to peace proposals, it was taken
for granted here, likely will be
negative.
Five Ships Claimed.
The German high command re
ported its latest air raids on Eng
land had caused destructive fires
and explosions at airdromes, sea
ports and oil storage tanks, while
an attack on a convoy in the Chan
nel sank a tanker and four mer
chantmen.
British aircraft losses yesterday
were lised as eight planes, one of
them a large Sunderland flying boat
brought down off German-occupied
Trondheim, Norway. Four German
planes failed to return, the army
communuique said.
Authorized sources said it was
not- quite clear why Lord Halifax
spoke before Mr. Churchill, who is
expected to speak in the House of
Commons tomorrow.
“Perhaps Lord Halifax is intended
to give the answer for the pious;
Churchill for the worldly minded,”
one commentator remarked causti
cally.
As for the Pan-American confer
ence at Havana, it was said, Ger
many intends to play the role solely
of interested observer.
Hope for Disavowal of Churchill.
Government spokesmen main
tained silence on reports of the re
ception accorded the Fuehrer's offer
in London, but the German press
clearly indicated the hope that the
British people would disavow the
Churchill government and take into
their own hands the choice between
"peace or destruction.”
Marshal Hermann Wilhelm Goer
ing's newspaper, the National Zei
tung. declared the British people,
"bombarded with lies and decep
tion” by their own radio and press,
were not being given an opportunity
to express their real opinion.
The paper indicated, however,
Britain will not be given long to
make its choice.
“The clock of history pushes for
ward at a fast pace,” is said. “It
strikes the hour of decision upon
which hinges the fate of the Brit
ish Empire and people.”
Newcastle Is Bombed.
The German radio, meanwhile,
continued to broadcast messages to
the English people to listen to Hit
ler's “appeal to reason” and ac
cept his offer before it is too late.
The Sunday communique of the
German high command said Nazi
warplanes bombed industrial works
at Newcastle and attacked airports
and storage tanks in South Central
England with good effect during the
week end.
Hits also were scored on a British
cruiser and two destroyers during
attacks on ship convoys, it said. The
British were said to have lost a total
of 22 planes Saturday, while the
Germans lost only five.
Four of the British craft were
reported destroyed during an unsuc
cessful attack on the Wilhelmshaven
naval base. British planes were said
to have bombed points in North and
West Germany Saturday night, kill
ing seven civilians in one town, but
causing little material damage.
Roosevelt Blamed.
President Roosevelt is described
by the editor of the Frankfurter
Zeitung as “to a gigantic extent
responsible” for the present adamant
British attitude.
The newspaper, a radio report
said today, "blames Roosevelt for
the illusions still prevailing in Eng
land with regard to foreign reaction
to the Fuehrer's speech and said,
•The world at large, apart from
England, understood correctly the
reasons which induced the Fuehrer
to make this last and stirring
appeal.’ • • *
“ ‘Roosevelt is the man who ought
to hang his head if the appeal to
reason is to end In the destruction
of England.’
“ ‘Now that he wants to be elected,
he openly admits that he sys
tematically agitated for years
against National Socialism. • * *
For seven years it (the United States
Government) has agitated • • •
and nourished many illusions among
those whose belief in active help
from America has been their strong
est hope.’ ”
Australian Destroyer
Sinks Italian Sub
SYDNEY, Australia, July 22 (Aus
tralian Associated Press). —The
sinking of an Italian submarine by
an Australian destroyer was an
nounced today by Navy Minister
A. G. Cameron.
I .
j— — ■ ■ <
Panamanian Ship
Is Reported Sunk
By Nazi Planes
By the Associated Press
LONDON. July 22—A ship identi
fied as the 1,282-ton Frossoula, of
Panama registry, was sunk by Ger
man bombers last week, an authori
tative source said today, adding it
is feared there was a "heavy loss of
life.”
The ship was bombed by German
aircraft on the night of July 15,
about 258 miles northwest off Cape
Finisterre, Spain, in “very bad
weather,” this source said. Its last
port of call was Barcelona.
Eighteen of the crew left in two
boats, one in charge of the ship’s
master, the other in command of
the chief officer. Nothing more has
been heard from the captain's boat,
it was said.
The source also said that those in
the chief officer’s boat suffered “ter
rible hardships.” Some were washed
i overboard and others died of ex
posure.
After four days three survivors
reached a British port. They were
the Portuguese chief officer, the
! second engineer, a Greek, and a
seman, who also is a Greek.
I -.
Damage to 3 More
British Warships
Claimed by Italy
31,000-ton Battleship
And Two Cruisers Hit,
High Command Says
By the Associated Press.
ROME, July 22.—The Italian
high command claimed today to
have “positive information" that (
three British warships, in addition 1
to the 42,100 battle cruiser Hood and
the aircraft carrier Ark Royal, were
“damaged severely" and suffered
“heavy losses” to their crews dur
ing the Italian-British Mediter
ranean naval battles from July 8-13.
The high command also reported
a British plane down in flames, and
“effective" bombardment of Brit
ish bases and positions in North
and East Africa.
i
Battleships Damaged.
The communique said the addi
tional warships which were dam
aged were a 31.000-ton battleship
j of the Warspite class, the 10.000-ton
cruiser Gloucester and the 5,900
ton cruiser Arethusa.
< Jane s Fighting Ships lists the
Gloucester at 9.100 tons and the
Arethusa at 5.220. The Warspite
is a 30.600-ton battleship of the
Queen Elizabeth class.)
Destruction of the British tor
pedo plant at Malta bv bomb was
reported by Stefani, official Italian
news agency.
Aerial combat following the opera
tion, the agency said, led to the
loss of an Italian reconnaissance
plane and a British fighter craft.
Anti-aircraft fire put two motors
of the Italian plane out of commis
sion in a flight over Malta to sur
vey the damage. It attempted to
reach Sicily with the third motor,
but fell short of the goal.
Plane Attacked Derelict.
The crew already had been taken
off by an Italian seaplane, Stefani
said, when a British plane attacked
the derelict with machine guns.
An Italian fighter seaplane shot
down the British plane, and three
members of the crew parachuted to
the sea, it reported, carrying a rub
ber craft which supported them
until the Italian seaplane descended
again and captured them.
Meanwhile, Italy sought to hus
band her resources by issuing a de
cree permitting exports only of cer
tain goods considered profitable for
the national economy. Other ex
(See ROME. Page A-6.)
Unmoved by Threats,
Cost Realized, Says
Foreign Secretary
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 22,—Lord Halifax,
British Foreign Secretary, answered
Adolf Hitler's peace offer today with
a declaration that Great Britain will
"not stop fighting until freedom
for ourselves and others is secure."
"We realize the struggle may cost
us everything,” the foreign secre
tary said in a world broadcast, "but
just because the things we are de
fending are worth any sacrifice, it
is a noble privilege to be the de
fender of things so precious.”
Meanwhile, bomb-and-run Ger
man raiders kept up harassment of
the British Isles.
Prime Minister Churchill may fol
low up Lord Halifax's broadcast
with a speech of his own on the
same subject when he goes before
the House of Commons tomorrow.
Hitler made plain in his July 19
speech to the Reichstag, Lord Hali
fax declared, that "his picture of
Europe is one of Germany lording
it over these peoples whom he has
one by one deprived of their free
dom.”
I nmovrd by Threats.
Britain's picture of Europe, Lord
Halifax said, is one of “a free asso
ciation of independent states and,
because of that contrast, we re
main unmoved by threats unaccom
panied by any appeal to our sense
of right or justice."
In every part of Britain, he de
clared, there is “a spirit of in
domitable resolution.”
“The peoples of the British Com
monwealth, along with those who
love truth and freedom and justice
will never accept this new world
of Hitler's,” Lord Halifax said.
He asserted that “across the wide
Atlantic there are mighty nations
which view his works with growing
detestation.
“The people of the United States
did not build their new home in
order to surrender it to this fanatic
* * *. We take heart from the cer
tain knowledge that that great peo
ple prays for our victory.”
The Germans directed their at
tacks today at the midlands, in
dustrial heart of Britain, Northeast
and Southeast Scotland.
One Dornier 17 .was shot down in
flames, bringing to 30 the bag of
raiding craft believed downed since
Saturday.
The Ministry of Home Security
said some casualties were inflicted
during incendiary bomb attacks on
three towns in Scotland, but that
property damage was slight.
The Admiralty announced the loss
of the 1.360-ton destroyer Brazen,
sunk while being towed to port
after being damaged in an air at
tack.
Even as she lay foundering, the
Brazen got in some blows of her
own. The Admiralty announced
her blazing pom-poms blasted three
of her attackers from the skies.
"It is now known that H. M. S.
Brazen, whose loss was announced
this morning, shot down three Ger
man aircraft during the engage
ment,” an Admiralty communique
said.
“One crashed alongside, the sec
ond received a direct hit in the nose
with a 3-inch shell, while the third
received a direct hit abaft the port
engine.
Fight at 18.000 Feet.
“In another engagement H. M. S.
Beagle (Lt. Comdr. R. M. Wright,
RN) destroyed a Junkers 87 by
pom pom Are.”
The Beagle is a sister ship of the
Brazen.
Swift British fighters climbed from
an altitude of 2.000 feet to 18,000
(See LONDON7 Page A-6J
Bulletin
LONDON, July 22 W.—The
Air Ministry announced to
night that a 14,000-ton enemy
supply ship was successfully
bombed off the Danish coast
yesterday.
Summary of Today's Star
Page- Page.
Amusements, Radio .B-12
B-14 Serial Story A-14
Comics B-12-13 Society .B-3
Editorials ..-A-8 Sports,
Finance --A-15 A-12-13-14
Lost, Found..B-9 Woman’s Page,
Obituary ..A-10 B-8
Foreign
No peace now, Halifax answers
Hitler in broadcast. Page A-l
Damage to 3 more British warships
claimed by Italy. Page A-l
Churchill speech tomorrow may sig
nal Nazi attack. Page A-l
Three Baltic states petition Moscow
for union with Soviet. Page A-2
D. S. sailors clash with Japanese po
licemen in Tsingtao. Page A-3
Petain government provides loans for
industry and colonies. Page A-4
Russian note brings first test of axis
pledge to Rumania. Page A-4
National.
Roosevelt requests $500,000,000 more
for economic drive. Page A-l
Administration drafts bill to ban
“war millionaires.” Page A-2
John L. Lewis demands U. S. black
list of labor violators. Page A-3
Blanton seeks House seat in Texas
primary Saturday. Page A-ll
k
Washington and Vicinity
Washington woman dies of Laurel
crash injuries. Page B-l
Ten go on trial in Rockville riot
case. Page B-l
Editorial and Comment
This and That. Page. A18
Answers to Questions. Page. A-8
Letters to The Star. Page A-8
David Lawrence. Page A-9
Frederic William Wile. Page A-9
Constantine Brown. Page A-9
Charles G. Ross. Page A-9
Alsop and Kintner. Page A-9
Sports
Tigers not great, but they’re hot—
hence flag factors. Page A-12
Leonard's injury feared grave blow
to Nationals. Page A-12
Alice Marble, war-stymied, finds U.S.
net tour fun. PageA-13
West Coast challengers bid high for
publinks title. Page A-14
Miscellany
Nature’s Children. Page B-9
Bedtime Story. Page B-12
Winning Contract. Page B-12
Letter-Out. Page B-12
Uncle Ray’s Comer. Page B-13
Crossword. Punls. Page B-13
m
Heading for the Last Roundup
| Hanes and Douglas,
Once New Deal Aides,
To Back Willkie
G. 0. P. Nominee Accepts
Their Offer to Organize
Democratic Dissenters
By the Associated Press.
COLORADO SPRINGS. Colo., July
22.—An offer of sujjport by two New
Deal office holders prompted Wen
dell L. Willkie, Republican presi
dential nominee, to suggest today a
movement to organise "Democrats
and independents oT like belief.”
Lewis Douglas, budget director in
the early days of the Roosevelt ad
ministration. and John W. Hanes,
former Undersecretary of the Treas
ury, offered to work for Mr. Willkie’s
election.
Democrats who recently have
pledged their support to Mr. Willkie
include Irvin S. Cobb, the author;
Vance McCormick, former Demo
cratic national chairman; Stephen
Chadwick, former national com
mander of the American Legion, and
William H. “Alfalfa Bill” Murray,
former Governor of Oklahoma.
In a telegram to the Republican
nominee, Mr. Hanes and Mr. Doug
las said they would seek “to enlist
in your behalf the support of Demo
crats who believe with us that loy
alty to country takes precedence
over loyalty to party.”
Suggests Organization.
Mr. Willkie's telegram to Mr.
Douglas said:
"I received the wire signed by you
and John W. Hanes in which I
understand Mrs. Roberta Campbell
Lawson now joins. I am personally
very appreciative, but I recognize
that you are not actuated by per
sonal friendship, but because of
your grave concern for the contin
uation of an uncontrolled democ
racy and the democratic way of life
in this country. Many others have
communicated with me to the same
effect. Will not you and Mrs. Law
son and Mr. Hanes, together with
Alan Valentine, president of
Rochester University, commence in
your own way the organization of
Democrats and independents of like
belief?”
The telegram offering support
also signed by Mrs. Lawson of Tulsa,
Okla.. former president of the Fed
erated Women's Clubs of America.
In a separate message Mr. Valentine
offered his services.
Mr. Douglas quit as budget di
rector in disagreement with admin
istration policies. Mr. Hanes served
as a member of the Securities Com
missian and Exchange Commission
as well as Undersecretary of the
Treasurer.
Disturbed by Convention.
The text of the Douglas-Hanes
message:
“We the undersigned, lifelong
members of the Democratic party,
are deeply disturbed by the develop
ments at the recent Democratic
convention in Chicago. They con
(See HANES, Page A-5.)
Silent on Plans,
Garner Copies
Boss' Strategy
By the Associated F
Vice President Garner said today
he would go to Texas to vote in the
primary election there Saturday and
refused to discuss whether he would
return to Washington afterward.
“I’m going home to vote as I have
done for 50 years,” the; 71-year-old
Vice President told reporters.
He was asked if he would come
back here later.
"I’ll reserve my decision on that,”
Mr. Garner said shortly. “I have a
leader who waits until the last mo
ment to make up his mind.”
This was taken as a reference to
President Roosevelt's delay in an
nouncing whether he would accept
a third-term nomination. Mr.
Gamer openly opposed by his own
unsuccessful candidacy for the Dem- ,
ocratic presidential nomination.
Many U. S. Workers Go Home
As Temperature Rises to 93
Climb to 96 Expected; Mercury
Hits 111 at Two Places in Far West
Today’s Temperatures. i
Midnight .82 8 a.m.82
1 a m.82 9 a m..85
2 am._81 10 a.m..89
3 a m.81 11 am..90
4 am.-80 12 noon_92
5 am.79 1 pm...93
6 am..79 2 p.m.94
7 a.m. .80
The mercury rose to 93 degrees at
1 pm. today and some Government
departments ordered workers in
buildings that are not air-condi
tioned to go home early.
The forecasters said a high of 96
degrees was expected during the
afternoon, accompanied by the ex
cessive humidity which has plagued
the city during the hot spell of the
last few days.
Vigorous Applause
Greets Plea for Action
On Vote for District
Randolph Gills Reaction
Best Shown Yet; Hails
Democratic Plank
By JAMES E. CHINN.
House members applauded vig
orously today as Chairman Ran
dolph of the District Committee
concluded a 15-minute appeal for
early consideration of the plea of
the disfranchised people here for
the privilege of voting.
After his speech Mr. Randolph
said the demonstration marked the
best feeling for local suffrage ever
exhibited in the House.
“I was particularly pleased that
no antipathy was shown,” he de
clared.
Mr. Randolph began his speech
by calling attention to the action
of the Democratic National Con
vention last week in including a
plank in the party platform favor
ing the extension of suffrage to the
people of the District.
‘‘For the first time in the history
of the United States we have seen a
political party in convention favor
a clear cut decision on a subject
which has been of considerable in
terest to a large number of persons
for a long period of time,” he de
clared.
Hails Party Action.
“I know some of you members
are against the vote, and I know full
well the differences of opinion on
the subject, but I do hail with en
thusiasm the action of the Demo
cratic Party in saying to the Nation
that it favors the development of a
plan that will give the people of
the District voting privileges.”
House members manifested their
interest in Mr. Randolph's speech
(See SUFFRAGE, Page A-5.)
Roscoe Turner Injured
As Autos Collide
By the Associated Pres
INDIANAPOLIS, July 32.—Col.
Roscoe Turner, famed speed avia
tor; his secretary and two other
persons were injured severely late
last night in an automobile col
lision on the West Side.
Col. Turner, driving one of the
motor cars, received a fractured
pelvis. Physicians described his
condition as fair. Miss Marian Al
lyne, his secretary, received a frac
tured left collarbone, cuts and
bruises.
Graydon Hubbard of Elwood,
State professional trapshooting
champion and driver of the other
vehicle, suffered internal injuries,
and Miss Helen Carson of Terre
Haute, a passenger in Mr. Hub
bard’s automobile, received a broken
right arm and severe head con
tusions.
it
District workers who could be
spared were ordered to quit work in
the District Building at 2:30 p.m.1
The Commerce Department and the
R. F. C. sent home persons who were
in non-air-conditioned parts of the
building and the Veterans’ Bureau 5
excused those working on the top
floor. W. P. A. workers also were
dismissed.
District traffic policemen were re
lieved every.90 minutes by fresh
olficers and given 20 minutes’ rest
before being sent back to their
posts.
One man died of a heart attack
induced by the heat in nearby
Maryland yesterday and three
(See WEATHER. Page A-3.)
Conferees at Havana
May Moderate Action
To Gain Unanimity
Hull May Compromise
With Argentines to Win
Their Support
By GARNETT D. HORNER,
Star Staff Correspondent.
HAVANA, July 22—Possibility
that the strength of Western Hemi
sphere defense measures projected
at the meeting of American foreign
ministers in session here may be
sacrificed to some extent in order
to win unanimous approval of the
conference actions developed today, j
Preliminary discussions Indicated
mo6t of the representatives* of the
21 American Republics favored
adoption of the most potent meas
ures that could be devised for joint
action to cope with the economic
and political threats to New World
security arising from European war
developments and «Nazi subversive
activities.
Argentina, however, and possibly
one or two other nations influenced
by her, entered the conference un
willing to agree to any program
which she considered might so alien
ate the Berlin-Rome axis as to
destroy the vast market for her
products in a Europe passibly domi
nated permanently by Germany and
Italy.
Secretary of State Hull and other
delegates whom he described as tak
ing a thoroughly realistic view of
the problems confronting them,
hoped to induce the Argentines to
go along with the most practical
measures that could be worked out
to combat Nazi-Fascist economic
and political pressure on the Amer
icas.
May Compromise With Argentine.
Indications were that, while ex
erting utmost efforts for adoption
of the strongest and most realistic
program possible, the Hull group
would consent to some degree of
compromise if necessary to secure
Argentine participation in unani
mous decisions, however.
On the other hand, there was dis
cussion among some Latin Ameri
can delegations from countries
threatened with virtual loss of their
independence to Nazi domination, of
the possibility of leaving Argentina
to go her own way rather than
weaken the program as a conces
sion to her.
Conference rules provide that
projects “shall be considered ap
proved when they have obtained
the affirmative vote of an absolute
majority of the countries represent
ed at the meeting where the vote
is taken.” At least two-thirds of
the 21 nations must be represented.
Any action that might be taken
by such majority vote without
unanimous approval would not be
in line with Secretary Hull’s con
viction that it is essential for the
Americas to present a thoroughly
united front to the rest of the
(See HORNER, Pag* A-5.>
A
Roosevelt Requests
Half Billion More for
Latin Economic Aid
Increase in Authority 4
For Export-Import
Bank Is Sought
(Text of President’s Message
On Page A-2.)
By BLAIR BOLLES.
President Roosevelt today opened
his drive for the economic union
of the American republics with a
message to Congress asking for a
$500,000,000 increase in the capital i
and lending authority of the Export
Import Bank and for the easing of
some of the existing restrictions
on the bank’s powers. The present
lending authority is $200,000,000, and
the bank has outstanding loans
amounting to $98,000,000.
The President told Congress he
was asking for new Export-Import
Bank legislation “to the end that
the bank may be of greater assist
ance to our neighbors south of the
Rio Grande, including financing
and orderly marketing of some part
of their surpluses.”
The request was viewed as the
forerunner of the full development
of the cartel plan for marketing
Western Hemisphere goods and at
the same time thwarting Fascist
desires for political penetration of
the New World through economic
domination from Europe.
The obvious immediate intent of
the message was to give heart to the
delegates of the 20 Latin American
states meeting in Havana at the call
of the United States to work out a
common front on problems arising
for this hemisphere out of everts in
Europe.
Cites War Changes.
Although Mr. Roosevelt is in Hyde
Park for a short vacation, having
left Washington last night, the
White House sent the message to
the Capitol in his name.
“As a result of the war in Europe,”
Mr. Roosevelt said in his message,
“far-reaching changes in world
affairs have occurred, which neces
sarily have repercussions on the
economic life both of the United
States and of the other American
republics.
“All American republics in some
degree make a practice of selling,
and should sell, surplus products
to other parts of the world, and
we in the United States export
many items that are also exported
by other countries of the Western
Hemisphere.”
Mr. Roosevelt stressed that the
trade of all the Americas is the
concern of the United States. He
said:
"It is to be hoped that before
another year world trade can be
re-established, but. pending this ad
justment, we in the United States
should join with the people of the
other republics of the Western
Hemisphere in meeting their prob
lems.
"I call the attention of Congress
to the fact that by helping our
neighbors we will be helping our
selves.
“It is in the interests of the
producers of our country, as well
as in the interests of producers
(See BANK, Page A-3.)
$20,000 Bond Ordered
In Diamond Dispute
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, July 22.—Harry Win
ston, New York diamond dealer,
was ordered today to post a bond
of £5,000 (about $20,000) pending an
appeal against damages in favor
of Triefus Bros, of London, for al
leged breach of contract in his pur
chase of the 726-carat "Getulio Var
gas" diamond.
The plaintiffs were awarded 500
pounds last week in a libel action
against Mr. Winston growing out
of the same deal.
Attorneys for Triefus Bros, con
tended that their clients and Mr.
Winston had agreed to purchase
the stone jointly, but that the lat
ter had ‘‘bought it himself.” The
diamond has been valued at about
$480,000.
Zeke Bonura
Sold by Nats
To Ailing Cubs
By the Associated Press.
CHICAGO, July 22.—The outright
purchase of First Baseman Zeke
Bonura from the Washington Sen
ators was announced today by the
Chicago Cubs.
Bonura was acquired to fill a po
sition at which the Cubs have been
hard hit by injury and sickness.
Both their first basemen, Glenn
(Rip) Russell and Phil Cavarretta,
are incapacitated. Russell submit
ted to an emergency operation for
appendicitis and' Cavarretta frac
tured an ankle bone. Stan Hack,
third baseman, and Hank Lieber,
slugging outfielder, both have played
at first during the last week.
Due to this situation, Charlie
Grimm, now 39 and a radio an
nouncer, recently offered to return
to the club, which he formerly man
aged.
Bonura is scheduled to report to
the Cubs tonight in Boston and will
play tomorrow. He thus returns to
the city he left in 1938 when Man
ager Jimmy Dykes of the White Sox
traded him to Washington.
(Further details in sports section.)1
Defense and Economy
Commissions Set Up
By Havana Parley
By the Associated Press.
HAVANA, July 22.—The emer
gency conference of the 21 Ameri
can republics set up commissions at
a closed meeting today* to deal with
vital problems of hemisphere de
fense and economy.
This pre-conference work set in
motion, the delegates adjourned to
wait for the various governments
to define their positions in formal
declarations at the opening session
later in the day.
The United States took a place
only on the important Peace Com
mission, which is to consider the
whole question of continental de
fense. including the future status
of European possessions in the
Western Hemisphere.
The conference rules, however,
provide that any country submit
ting a proposal to a commission au
tomatically becomes a member of
that commission.
Dozen Other Speeches Scheduled.
The address of Secretary of State
HuM in the late afternoon was ex
pected to assume the status of a
policy-guiding declaration on all
important phases. Some dozen
other speeches were on the program
for the formal opening.
As the business of formally or
ganizing the conference began,
delegates of the Latin American
countries, whose economies already
have been disturbed by the loss of
European markets, anxiously waited
for Secretary Hull to indicate
how far the United States is
ready to go in helping to solve their
problems.
Mr. Hull planned to address the
conference at 4 p.m. after the first
private plenary session devoted to
designation of committees.
(Secretary Hull will be heard
in Washington over Stations
WJSV and WMAL from 4 to 5
p.m. today.)
Concrete Measures Urged.
The stage for his address was set
yesterday by President Federico La
| redo Bru of Cuba, who. in a speech
; of welcome, called on the American
| nations to take concrete measures
to defend their “common rights”
against dangers which “increase day
| by day.”
He warned the delegates they
must approach the “difficult” prob
lems before them in the fuH knowl
edge that the Western Hemisphere
has become “the trustee for the re
mainder of betrayed civilization—a
civilization pushed to the edge of a
precipice.”
In dealing with events in Europe
the President mentioned no nations
by name, but he deUvered barbed
thrusts against “conquests Of force
and violence.”
Although boxes had been set aside
for German, Italian. Japanese and
Spanish diplomats at the Inaugural
session, they remained empty.
Some quarters interpreted this as
evidence the four nations were act
ing in accord on all matters affect
ing their relations with the Amer
icas.
The agenda facing the delegates
was described as one of the broadest
ever tackled by a Pan-American
conference and many of those pres
ent considered that its very broad
ness made it susceptible to pitfalls.
Range of Problems.
The problems to be discussed
ranged over this field:
1. Examination of Western Hemi
sphere neutrality in the light of
such unpredicted recent develop
ments as the capitulation of Hol
land, Belgium and France to Ger
man armed forces.
2. The attitude of the Americas
toward Western Hemisphere posses
sions of conquered European na
tions.
3. “Fifth column" activities in the
Americas—their extent and possible
precautionary measures to be taken.
4. Resettlement of refugees, pris
oners and other victims of war.
5. Economic co-operation—or what
possibilities exist for employing
United States capital to mutual ad
vantage in helping Latin American
states from being drawn into the
barter system of totalitarian powers.
Secretary Hull conferred in
dividually with the heads of various
delegations immediately after his
arrival yesterday, and it was report
ed these talks had disclosed a strong
desire for concrete action to combat
any possible menace to continental
security and internal regimes in the
Americas.
Fear Argentina an Obstacle.
Fear was expressed by some, how
ever, that Argentina might prove a
stumbling block to the adoption of
a solid front on both defense and
economic questions. Argentine dele
gates failed to appear for pre-con
vention discussions.
The Argentine delegates, Leopoldo
and Luis Podesta Costa, finally put
in their appearance today. They
arrived from Santiago along with
Pedro Manini Rios, Uruguay’s rep
resentative.
The concern over Argentina’s at
titude has been brought to the fore
by declarations from Buenos Aires
that she would refrain from any
action which would jeopardize her
(See HAVANA, Page A-5.)
Mine Fields Divert Ships
LONDON, July 22 (A*>.—Because
parts of the British coast have been
mined, ships wishing to enter the
Irish Sea or the Bristol Channel
must pass around the north coast
of Ireland, the Admiralty announced
today.
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