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29th Division Troops Erecting Tent City For Maneuvers Units From District, Maryland and Virginia Arrive at 'Battleground' By ROBERT A. ERWIN, Star Staff Correspondent. RENSSELAER FALLS, N. Y., Aug. 6.—Refreshed by their first night's sleep In camp, 29th Division troops set out shortly after dawn today to finish the task they began yester day, that of making a three-week home in the green farm lands of the St. Lawrence country. Behind them were long train or motor truck rides from the District, Maryland and Virginia, while ahead was a training program that will have its windup week after next when more than 90,000 Regular and National Guards Will swing into action in maneuvers that involve troops of all parts of the country. More than 6,000 farmers have sur rendered most of their own prop erty rights for 21 days to make this maneuver possible. First Virginia Regiment Arrives. The last contingent of 29th Di vision infantry arrived by train at the little Rensselaer Falls railroad station, bringing into camp the famous first Virginia regiment, led by Col. John Fulmer Bright, Mayor of Richmond, and the 116th Virginia, under Col. George M. Alexander of Lynchburg. Together they form the 91st Brigade, com manded by Brig. Samuel Gardner Waller, adjutant general of Vir ginia. Two District outfits arrived yes terday morning by train, the 121st Engineers and the 29th Di vision. special troops. They were hot, tired, weary and stiff after an 18-hour trip from Washington that included two meals on the way, intermittent stops and a rainstorm $t Syracuse. The troopers slept as best they could in day coaches, and they estimate they averaged about two hours sleep during the night. • They then marched 2 miles flowm the highway toward Heuvel ton. 3rd Corps Area headquarters, and along a dusty, dirt road to their bouviac area, where they turned to putting up tents for eating, sleep ing and for headquarters. The thirst they suffered on the train was soon relieved at the special troops canteen set up on the edge of the camping area, which is in a valley below 29th Division head quarters. Two D. C. Units Absent. Only two District units are still "on the road." They are the 260th Coast Artillery, in a week's firing practice at Fort Ontario. Oswego, N. Y.. and the 111th Ordnance Co., special troops, practicing at the Army Proving Ground at Aberdeen. Md. They will be here this week end. The 29th Division special troops Include the 29th Tank Co., Danville, Va , and the 29th Signal Co., Nor folk, which will come in tomorrow. The tanks, capable of 60 miles per hour over concrete highways, are coming direct from their home base. Capt. Bill Bailey is commander of the tank company. Maj. William T. Roy, assistant parliamentarian of the House of Representatives, is commanding offi cer of the special troops, and Col. John W. Oehmann, District build ing inspector, commands the 121st Egineers. "We have so many new recruits,” Raid Brig. Gen. Albert Cox, com mander of the District Guard, “that this maneuver will serve a fine pur pose, not in field training but also in introducing them to military life.” He was accompanied by Gordon Hit tenmark, N. B. C. radio announcer, recently commissioned a captain in the adjutant general s department in the District Guard and the National Guard of the United State*. Among the early arriving division Rtaff officers were Lt. Col. Hubert Grimers, Baltimore, personnel offi cer; Lt. Col. Kenneth S. Purdie, in structor at Virginia Military Insti tute, division quartermaster; Maj. Sidney Morgan, Washington, assist ant intelligence officer, and Maj. Philip K. Moisan. Baltimore, assist ant plans and training officer. Other Officeri Arrive. Other officers of the main division eame in yesterday or today, includ ing Col. John A. Cutchins, the vet eran chief of staff, who is director of public safety of Richmond and noted military historian; Lt. Col. Edwin P. Conquest, Richmond division in telligence officer, and Lt. Col. George Derson, Baltimore, plans and training officer. A number of Wash ington reserves are attached to Dis trict units for training, among them Capt. Martin Goerl, First Lt. George S. Parsons, First Lt. Robert C. Hecker and Second Lt. James M. Towey, who were with the 121st Engineers. The 1st Maryland Infantry, com manded by Col. D. John Markey, Frederick, and the 5th Maryland, commanded by Col. Harry C. Ruhl, Baltimore, arrived yesterday morn ing and afternoon by special troop train from their home bases. Shell Oil Co. Is Fined $4,500 in Trust Case ■» the Associated Press. LOS ANGELES, Aug. 6.—Federal Judge Paul J. McCormick yesterday fined the Shell Oil Co. $4,500 on its plea of nolo contendere to an in dictment charging 41 major and independent oil companies with Sherman Anti-Trust Act violation. Fines of a similar amount, $500 less than the maximum allowance, were paid last week each by the Standard Oil Co., General Petroleum Corp. and Union Oil Co., which also entered nolo contendere pleas. The defendant concerns were in dicted on charges of conspiring to create and maintain “artificial and excessive” gasoline prices in the Pacific Coast area. United States travelers spent $469,000,000 in foreign countries last year. ADVERTISEMENT._ FREE BOOKLET 40 WAYS TO CALIFORNIA This valuable handbook shows maps and tires full data on fares, routes and trains. Get it and plan a tlorious trip to California and the San Francisco World's Fair—a wide choice of scenic routes toint and returning on Amer ica’s finest trains Write Chicago and North Western Line, 723 Woodward Bldg. Washington, D. C., or phone Republic 1991. Life in Poland Under the Nazi Conquerors Land Littered With Dead, Victims of German Invasion, Discover One Law For All—Survival—With Each Person Maintaining It for Himsdf The third of a series of six articles by the American-born son of a Polish Army colonel, giv ing the first detailed, uncensored account of the German system of conquest in Poland. By MICHAEL SOBANSKI. (As Told to Ira Wol/ert.) From Brest-Litovsk to Warsaw is perhaps 200 miles. It is thickly populated and fat farm country in normal times. Now, as the final week of September was beginning in a heat wave that made the air breathless, it was a land littered with death. And those people who were left alive in it swarmed over it as erratically and lawlessly as mag gots swarm over a corpse. There was one law for all—survival—and each had to maintain it for himself. As one of the maggots scrambling Michael Sobaniki. over me stni smoking corpse of Poland, I soon discovered that. All government had disappeared. People there thought the Bol sheviks were go ing to rule to the Vistula River. It was not until later, after I left, that it was de cided Russian rule would end at Brest-Litovsk. In the mean time, Communists and those eager to identify themselves as Commu nists emerged in little bands and "took over.” Guns and ammunition had been abandoned on every road, in almost every field, and the Com munist ‘‘committees'’ armed them selves with guns they could not shoot. This was Ukranian country, everybody was up in arms against the Poles, and there was nothing to keep hatred in check or greed in check or lust or the mad dog that is in so many men. Women in Complete Terror. The first person I met along the way was a middle-aged woman, who saw the uniform I was wear ing—the uniform of a Polish stu dent volunteer—and fastened her self to my side. She was in com plete terror. She said her husband had been chief of police in the town of Brezziny. They had been mak ing their way out of the town to gether when suddenly a 14-year-old boy ran up to him and slapped him in the face. Her husband had tried to pull his gun, but she had wrapped her arms around his and had begged him to remain calm. Finally he said he would, and she released her hold on him and stepped back. The boy had been watching the man's rage with a rage all his own. When the woman stepped clear the boy pulled out a pistol and shot the police chief dead. She did not know who the boy was or why he had done this. Perhaps, she said, a police man had once made trouble for him. A little way on I met Sergt. Stan islan Dytwach. We kept together, and he lived with me for a month in my house in Warsaw. He said he had started for Warsaw on a bicycle but had been halted bv a Communist “committee” because of his uniform and his bicycle. Only one member of the committee had a gun. He was a big peasant, crazy with excitement and fear. He seemed never to have used a gun before. He held it very close to Stanislau s head, several times with the barrel resting right in his ear. The gun shook. It waved back and forth in the peasant's trembling hands while his companions were searching Stanislau, and Stanislau worried that the gun might go off accidentally. It did go off, but for tunately at a time when it had waved backwards and was pointing at air in back of my friend's head. All it did was make him deaf for four or five days. New Graves Line Roads. We kept out of towns to avoid "committees.” Hastily dug new graves lined the roads in clusters, with a gun stuck bayonet first in each to mark it and a helmet on the gun stock. Our progress was slow at first, because the Bolshevik army kept coming along the road behind us and we had to hide from it. They were moving to the Vis tula in columns of about 10 tanks each, big tanks, moving along at 40 or 50 miles an hour with a tre mendous clattering roar that could be heard miles away. At last we got tired of hiding and discovered that the Russians paid no attention to us. They just kept hurrying on to the Vistula, which was to be the boundary of their occupation. The Germans retreated before them. Later there was a second act to this gruesome comedy, carried out with as much haste as the first. When the treaty was AFTER THE PLANES PASSED OVER THE POTATO FIELDS—This little Polish boy sits beside a sack of potatoes, apparently unable to comprehend that the Nazi warbirds have come and gone and that his mother lies dead on the ground. —A. P. Wirephoto. ---fr - _ signed the Bolsheviks tumbled back to Brest-Litovsk, and the Nazis tumbled after them. What that meant to the Communist "commit tees” is something I can only imag ine. Fortuately I was not there when it happened. I had taken food from the hos pital—a big loaf of black bread and two cans of meat. We ate only the bread. We slept where exhaustion overcame us. Once or twice a peas ant put his barn at our disposal, but more often they were afraid to favor any one In uniform, and we slept in the open. Stumbled on Army. In the Lukow Woods, 100 miles or so from Warsaw, we stumbled upon an army of perhaps 30,000 to 40.000 Polish soldiers. The Russians were to the east and south of them, the Germans to the west and north. Warsaw, they had heard, was still fighting, and they intended to smash through the Germans ringing the city and join the defenders of the capital. I found out later that they succeeded in fighting their way into Warsaw. They straggled like a ghost army through the woods. They kept a few scouts on the roads as lookouts, but the main body moved under cover. Stanislau and I tried to join them, but they would not take us. They could not arm us. They had no supplies at all. When one of their motors ran out of gasoline they left it where it stopped. Each man carried his own ammunition. Every little while a German patrol or scout detail would stumble on this army. They chased each last one relentlessly until he was killed. They could not take a chance of the German Army learning of their existence. Wounded—ail wounded, even their own—were left where they fell, among the dead. There was no provision for wounded. We were warned to keep away from the Vistula. The Germans were on the other side, shooting at everything that moved. So we traveled inland a few miles. By September 29 Stanislau and I had found a friendly peasant near the village of Otwock who agreed to put us up until we could move on to Warsaw, about 40 miles away. Helped Selves to Fruit. The next morning we visited the orchard of the local squire, who had decamped, and helped ourselves to fruit. While we were doing so a German armored car unit drove up. and some boys in uniform piled out and joined us among the pear trees. They were most obliging lads of about my own age (20 then), some a little younger. They gave us cigarettes and warned us not to go any further in our uniforms. “You will be stopped,” one said, “and sent to a concentration camp for agri cultural workers in East Prussia." We thanked them for their advice and parted on good terms—they to hurry back to war, we to And peas ant clothes. On October 2 the time wTas de clared ripe, and we went to Otwock to get a pass from a Nazi function ary already established there. The pass cost 1 zloty (about 20 cents at pre-war exchange), and the Nazi asked no questions. He seemed anxious to sell as many of them as he could. Then we began the w'alk to Warsaw along a road that seemed slowly to fill with a pale, shattered, trembling people making their way back to homes over which the fight ing had stopped. Few Houses Untouched. As I remember the journey now the countryside between Brest Litovsk and Warsaw seemed totally destroyed, but I guess this is an ex aggeration. There were houses standing untouched, but not many. I saw what must have been thou This Gawler Method Makes It Easy to Secure a Beautiful Service to Fit Your Budget From this wide selection of funeral prices ... represent ing 1,000 services as selected by past patrons . . . 88 Services Cost less than_$158 122 Services Cost between_$151 and $250 181 Services Cost between_$251 and $350 286 Services Cost between_$351 and $500 141 Services Cost between_$501 and $600 143 Services Cost between_...$601 and $900 56 Services Cost more than__...$900 Choose the service that fits your needs, then visit our Display Rooms and let us show you what a beautiful final tribute you can secure for your money. That’s how easy it is to obtain a service to fit your budget. You have our unqualified guarantee that the funeral you select cannot be surpassed, either in the complete ness of the service or in the quality of the casket. We invite your trust. We make no extra charge for services In nearby Maryland and Virginia Refreshingly Air-Conditioned Joseph GAWLER’S Sons 1750-5* Ponn. Art. N.W. NAtionol 5512 Alfred B. Gawler—Walter A. Gawler—William A. Gawler Joseph H. Gawler and John P. Gawler Parking Facilities for Patrons This, the outstanding human-interest picture of the war against Poland, was first printed by The Star last October. It was made by Julien Bryan, photographer and lecturer. The girl on the ground, sister of the one kneeling, was slain by machine gunning planes in a potato field —Wide World Photo. sands of soldier graves, all of Poles. I There were no German graves. Ger man soldiers, I learned later, were carted off to special cemeteries. The German losses were greater than Hitler said. I know this to be true. Hitler said 40.000 had been wounded. A friend of mine in Katowice counted two convoys of German wounded moving through in trains. One was of 30,000 men, the other of 25,000. This was in one city alone, from one sector of the front. Ambulance trains were carrying wounded out of Poland for J months, and the Nazi-controlled ; papers that I read listed them faith fully. Tomorrow: Mr. Sobanski de scribes his return to Warsaw and hoto the Germans restored “or der” among their newly made "slaves.” (Released by the North American Newspaper Alliance. Inc.) Ice Placed in Furnace To Keep Church Cool KANSAS CITY, Aug. 6—A Bap tist congregation jammed two tons of ice into the church furnace to cool off. It cost *7 but lowered the tem perature 11 degrees. Novus Reed, the choirmaster, had the idea. A 6-foot fan in the fire chamber blows heat during the winter through two ducts opening in the auditorium. All the congregation did was to unload the ice in the furnace room and start the fan spinning. McGarrity, Proponent Of Irish Freedom, Dies By the Associated Press, PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 6—Joseph McGarrity, a leader of the move ment in the United States for the independence of Ireland, died yes terday. He was 66. Mr. McGarrity, who came to this country at the age of 16, formerly headed Clan Na Gael, the American association of Irish patriots, and was a close friend of such Irish Repub lican leaders as Eamon de Valera now Premier of Eire; Sir Roger Casement, who was executed by the British during the World War, and Terrence MacSweene.v, Lord Mayor of Cork. He founded and directed the Irish Press, and in 1922 was instrumental in uniting two Re publican groups headed by De Valera and Michael Collins. Despite his love for his native country, Mr. McGarrity called his American citizenship "one of the most valuable of all gifts.” BUILDING? Call Turover! w I . 6 6 2 2: BETHESDA, MD. "Dry Lumber f Alwayi Under Cover” NATION'S MODEL LUMBEfl TARD ftye ffcening Advertisements Received Here Billy Shop, I860 Adams Mill Rd. Is An Authorized Star Branch Office ^JTHE Clossified Section of The Star, Evening Vfcb or Sunday, makes easy what might be a difficult job in supplying some "want." The Star will help you to quickly locate just the person you are seeking. The great home-delivered circula tion of The Star takes your "want" right where it will receive fullest consideration. Next time you have a want to be filled use The Star. To make it as convenient as possible for you to use The Star Classified Section, authorized Star * Branch Offices have been established in all sec tions of the city, and nearby sub urbs—you'll find one convenient to you. No fees for authorized Star Branch Office service; only reg ular rates are charged. Apprenticeship Plan To Be Speeded Up to Assure Craftsmen Federal Committee to Extend Program to Defense Manufacturing By OLIVER McKEE. To assure an adequate supply of skilled workers in the national de fense industries, the Federal Com mittee on Apprenticeship is plan ning to expand and speed up its apprenticeship program. Established by Secretary of Labor Perkins in 1934, the committee until recently had devoted most of its attention to obtaining the training of apprentices in the building trades industries, through voluntary agreements be tween labor organizations and em ployers. Now it will extend its pro gram to manufacturing, particularly the industries engaged in the pro duction of war materials. The committee has increased re cently the number of its field agents and is establishing five regional offi ces at Denver, Dallas, Boston, Harrisburg, Pa., and Madison, Wis. Through the regional offices and its corps of field agents, the committee is seeking the active co-operation of manufacturers and organized labor in plans for training future workers. About 19 Per Cent Skilled. Of the Nation’s labor force, ap proximately 10 per cent are skilled craftsmen. Though the mass of workers in modern production plants are classified as semi-skilled, effi cient and dependable, output largely depends on the availability of an adequate working force of skilled craftsmen—"lead and set up men,” who have an expert knowledge ac quired only through years of ex perience of the operations of a particular trade. In the World War the lack of skilled workers in the defense in dustries was a major factor con tributing to the delay in the manu facture of war munitions and equip ment. Attempts were made by the Government to train apprentices for the skilled crafts in a few weeks. The results were unsatisfactory. To train an apprentice for the metal trades or other national defense in dustries requires anywhere from two to seven years, according to Labor Department experts. There is no shortage of skilled workers throughout the country as a whole today, though shortages may exist at certain points and in certain specialized crafts, the Labor Department contends. Shortages may occur later, however, if the na tional defense program, as now seems likely, requires enormously increased production for a period of several years or more. In its plans for apprentice train ing. therefore, the Federal com mittee is looking to the needs of the future rather than the present, to the time when additional skilled workers will be needed as replace ments. Plot to Topple Regime Of Metaxas Reported By the Associated Press. ATHENS, Aug. 6.—An alleged plot to overthrow the regime of Premier Gen. John Metaxas, which cele brated Its fourth anniversary Sun day, was reported by the well-in formed newspaper Kathlmerini. Details were not divulged, but 11 was charged that an anti-Metaxa.< ' group tried through “foreign lega tions'* to intervene in Greece's in ! ternal affairs to break the Premier’) ; authoritarian rule. The conspirators, the newspapei j said, have been banished, presum ably to the Aegean prison islands. Text of Hull Statement 1 Warns That Citizens Must Be Ready And Willing to Make Sacrifices following is the text of a state ment issued yesterday by Secre tary of State Hull: Br th* Associated Press. The strong belief of the repre sentatives of the 21 American na tions at the recent Havana meeting was that the military and other sinister activities on the part of some nations in other large areas of the world present real possibilities of danger to the American re publics. It was universially recognized that a threat to any important part of the Americas means a threat to each and all of the American na tions. It was. therefore, agreed that full and adequate preparations for continental defense could not be taken too soon if the threatened danger from abroad was to be checked and terminated. It was also the unanmious view at Havana that the prompt strengthening of unity and solidarity for the purpose of continental defense and for its im plementation by concrete programs supported by the 21 nationl was Indispensable to the safety, se curity, peace and welfare of this hemisphere. wesson From Europe. There was general agreement that! If the peaceful nations of Europe had thus promptly organized them selves for self-defense on the most effective co-operative basis, the chances are that their situation and that of Europe would be vastly dif ferent today. Instead, many of those countries complacently reiied upon utterances of peaceful purpose and upon their own neutrality to safe guard them against the mighty forces of invasion, conquest and de struction. Some of them have been overrun and destroyed by the ruth less invader. Their fate should be a tragic lesson to us. The vast forces of lawlessness, conquest and destruction are still moving across the earth like a savage and dangerous animal at large. By their very nature, those forces will not stop unless and until they recognize that there exists un breakable resistance. Other Tasks Ahead. At Havana we forged new instru mentalities of continental defense. These will be of vast importance to our Nation and to every American nation. But there are other and im mense tasks still before us. I would greatly prefer to say that we are safe in this country and in this hemisphere from outside dan ger. But I am firmly convinced that what is taking place today in many areas of the earth is a relentness attempt to transform the civilized world as we have known it into a world in which lawlessness, violence and force will reign supreme, as they did a thousand years ago. The | people of this country cannot recog nize too soon this fact and its over whelming significance for our na tional safety and for the main tenance of our national institutions. Must Prepare to Sacrifice. The one and only sure way for our Nation to avoid being drawn into serious trouble or actual war by the wild and destructive force! now abroad elsewhere in the world and to command respect for its rights and interests abroad 1s for our people to become thoroughlv conscious of the possibilities of danger, to make Op their minds that we must continue to arm and to arm to such an extent that the forces of conquest and ruin will not dare make an attack on us or on any part of this hemisphere. To this end, each citizen must be ready and willing for real sacrifice of time and of substance, and for hard personal service. In the face of terrific problems and conditions, and until the present serious threats and dangers have disap peared. we cannot pursue com placently the course of our custom ary normal line. I feel constrained thus to offer my views in the light of what is already a dangerously widespread movement for world conquest and for the destruction of most of tha worthwhile things which civiliza tion has given the human race. Community House Work By Children on Exhibit A fashion show ana an exhibi tion of work done by the children will feature the closing exercises of the summer activity school of the Southwest Community House at 7:30 o'clock tonight at Bell School, Sec ond street and Virginia avenue S.W. Chidren of the house will take part in folk dancing and songs and games at the Southwest Center, 501 Second street S.W., tomorrow from 6 to 9:30 p.m. Maj. Campbell C. Johnson, treas urer of the Southwest Community House, will speak on tonight's pro gram, which includes songs by nursery children, a piano solo by Gertrude Garnes and the awarding of certificates by John T. Rhines. C. O. Lewis, superintendent, will speak briefly. A i^k&utf/coxut ■ Drop in for a. few re- . I lmxinr moments ... U 1 it's eoxy and conren- /« 1 lent for cocktails. ']/ 1940 SENIOR PACKARD “COURTESY CARS” AT GREATLY REDUCED PRICES L_7 Large, Luxurious 1940 Packard Super-8's offered at substantial savings Rm IS YOU* chance to get a large, luxurious 1940 Packard for the price of a much smaller, less distinguished car. We are now offering 160-horsepower Packard One-Sixty’s and Custom Super Eight One-Eighty’s at hundreds of dol lars less than their usual prices which start, delivered here, at $1,692. These cars are "Courtesy Cars,” set aside for visiting dignitaries and offi cials. They are all 1940 Packards. Most of them have been chauffeur-driven and used less than 200 miles. All carry foil new-car warranties. Attractive New Car Opportunity We can also offer you an exceptional allowance on your present car. The present used car market is unusually good and you get thf foil benefit. These liberal appraisals can be applied toward the purchase of a brand-new car if you prefer. We can offer you com parably attractive propositions on any new Super-Eight "160” or "180,” in cluding monthly terms if desired. Rising labor and material costs promise to send car prices higher. Probably not for years will car prices be so low again. Why not drive in today for our eye-opening appraisal? PACKARD SUPIR-I SAKS UP 47%l A tremendous sales success right from the day they were first announced! Current model sales are running 47 % ahead of the same period last year! So act quickly to make sure of get ting one of these popular cars. SEE THE NEW AIR COOL-DITIONED PACKARDS! Now on display! Cars cooled by mechanical refrigeration— with clean, dehumidified, filtered air! This Packard "First’* is a comfort miracle worth far more than its extra cost! * • K IMI MAN WHO OWNS ON ■ ■ '"REpublic 0123 PACKARD WASHINGTON MOTOR CAR CO. Distributor*i O. Coelican, Fret. SALES BRANCH, DUPONT CIRCLE BUILDING