Evening star. [volume], August 06, 1940, Page A-5, Image 5

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Rumanians United
Against Cession
Of Transylvania
Doubt Rises That Gigurtu
Can Reach Compromise
With Hungarians
By LELAND STOWE,
Chicago Daily News Foreign Correspondent.
BUCHAREST. Aug. 6—On the
eve of the opening of direct negotia
tions with Hungary over the Tran
sylvanian problem, Rumanians of
all classes and the most conflicting
political allegiances are unanimously
opposed to the cession of any por
tion of this rich borderland prov
ince. It is increasingly doubtful
whether the exposed Gigurtu gov
ernment can reach any acceptable
compromise with Budapest. More
over, any succeeding Rumanian cab
inet would have to be formed on a
program flatly rejecting territorial
changes in Transylvania.
After years of internal political
dissensions the Rumanian people are
United on this issue. It is perhaps
the only question upon which agree
ment exists between the pro-Nazi,
anti-Semitic Iron Guard—who re
main reluctantly associated with the
present govemmentri-and the lead
ers of the suppressed Peasant and
Liberal parties. The latter have
rallied around Dr. Juliu Maniu, who
was the respected chief of tile for
mer Rumanian Peasant party. A
strong movement is developing for
a coalition, “no surrender” cabinet,
headed by Dr. Maniu and partici
pated in by all the country's out
standing political leaders who are
outside the ranks of the new totali
tarian “party of the nation.”
Feel Claims Unchallengeable.
The Rumanians are united against
sacrificing Transylvania because
they feel that their moral and his
torical claims to most of this prov
ince are unchallengeable. The Ru
manian population there is almost
double that of the Hungarian popu
lation. In addition, the vast feudal
estates on which hundreds of thou
sands of peasants were kept in vir
tual serfdom by medieval-minded
Hungarian aristocrats were cut up
by the far more liberal Rumanian
governments, and Transylvanian
peasants for the first time in their
lives became owners of the land
which they tilled—indeed, for the
first time in centuries.
This is why there is no widespread
popular demand in Transylvania for
return to Hungarian rule and this
is why the Transylvanian question
constitutes an international hornets’
nest. Talk of an exchange of popu
lations also seems hopeless because
1.500.000 Hungarians could not be
moved over into Hungary proper
without completely upsetting that
country’s economy.- In short, Tran
sylvania looks like an almost in
soluble problem and there appears
slight prospect for any settlement
being reached by Rumania and Hun
gary before the September 15 dead
line which Hitler is reported to have
set at Salzburg.
Some believe that the Rumanian
people’s united opposition to cession
of Transylvanian territory may give
King Carol a unique opportunity.
If the King could assemble a truly
representative coalition government,
such a cabinet might be strong
enough to tell Hitler that land
would not be ceded to Hungary at
any cost and that, as an alternative. |
Berlin would have to consider a
most unwelcome peasant unrest
which would present disturbing op
portunities for Soviet propaganda
and intervention—something which
the Nazi dictatorship would not view
with indifference.
Hitler May Impose Salutation.
According to another view, Hitler
Is portrayed as more concerned over
the 700,000 Germans who inhabit
Transylvania than he is over the
Rumanian majority and the Hun
garian minority. It is suggested
that the foreshadowed deadlock in
the Rumanian-Hungarian negotia
tions may not displease the Fuehrer
and that he may plan to impose a
solution by decree, an autonomous
Transylvania on the model of little
Slovakia which was sliced off former
Czecho-Slovakia. This possibility
cannot be discounted so long as no
compromise solution is in sight.
On the other hand, the establish
ment of a Transylvanian buffer
state would so seriously reduce Ru
mania's geographical and economic
strength that the chief aim of any
Bucharest government must be to
avoid such a national catastrophe.
Undeniably, the Rumanians have
strong cards, both moral and po
litical. if the King can find a gov
ernment and leaders who are bold
enough to play them. The demand
for this kind of national leadership
is becoming more insistent here
daily. The realization grows that
statesmanship alone can save Ru
mania from a calamitous partition.
Every one knows that such states
manship must be exercised w'ithin
the next five weeks, or it will prob
ably be too late.
(Copyright. 1940, Chicago Dally News, Inc.)
Marionette Show Thursday
FALLS CHURCH, Va„ Aug. 6.—
“Hansel and Gretel” will be given at
the Madison School Auditorium
Thursday at 2:30 p.m. by the Judith
Clayton Marionettes. The presenta
tion is sponsored by the Falls Church
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Injured Woman Is Rescued
From Ledge 8,000 Feet High ■
GLACIER RANGER STATION, WASH.—CLIMBERS RESCUED—
Faye Plank. Bremerton, Wash., and H. Carl Boyer of Seattle
clambered down 9.000-foot Mount Shuksan today after Miss
Plank and an injured girl companion were marooned for 22
hours. Boyer summoned help. —A. P. Wirephoto.
_ ❖-———
! By the Associated Press.
GLACIER RANGER STATION,
Wash., Aug. 6.—Anne Cedarquist,
22-year-old Shelton. Wash., moun
tain climber, was carried to civiliza
tion today after her rescue from a
narrow ledge 8,000 feet up the pre
cipitous slope of Mount Shuksan,
where she lay injured nearly 24
hours.
The young woman, a chemist, was
taken by ambulance to Bellingham
after rescue parties numbering 24
men brought her by stretcher down
a Forest Service road.
The tense night on the Icy, 9.000
foot peak was described by her
companion. Faye Plank, 36, Brem
erton High School teacher, who
kept vigil 100 feet above Miss Cedar
quist, linked to her by a rope, while
a third member of the party went
for help.
Miss Plank related that the two
women and H. Karl Boyer, 28,
Seattle mail carrier, were nearing
i Shuksan's summit Sunday, roped
! Portuguese Ship Leaves
With Refugees for U. S.
By the Associated Press.
LISBON, Aug. 6.—The Portuguese
schooner Anfitrite arrived today
from Casablanca, French Morocco,
with a number of French and Bel
gian refugees on their way to the
United States.
The captain said former Premier
Edouard Daladier and other ex
members of the French government
had tried to charter the schooner,
but were arrested before they could
get away. (Daladier has been re
turned to France under detention.)
Fall Between Vessels
Injures Virginia Man
Pinned between a tugboat and a
scow when he fell while working on
the tugboat in the Washington
Channel yesterday, H. K. Gillman,
56-year-old Arlington (Va.) employe
of the United States Engineers’ Of
fice, was being treated for a frac
tured hip and pelvis at Casualty
Hospital today.
He was directing operations of
the two vessels, owned by the Nor
folk Dredging Co..
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together, when Miss Cedarquist,
climbing ahead, slipped and plunged
past the others.
They braced themselves and the
rope halted the young woman's tall
20 feet below Mr. Boyer and out of
sight over a cliff. Mr. Boyer made
his rope fast and climbed down, find
ing Miss Cedarquist clinging against
the rock with probable arm and rib
fractures.
Mr. Boyer climbed back, and he
and Miss Plank let out 80 more feet
of rope, bringing the injured girl
to rest on a 3-foot ledge at the top
of a steep snow field. Leaving his
pack with Miss Cedarquist. he start
ed the descent to bring help.
Miss Plank remained to guard the
upper end of the rope to which Miss
Cedarquist was still attached.
“I could hear her moan occasional
ly,” she said, “but I could not make
out what she was trying to say.
I knew I had to keep awake in order
to grab the rope in case she fell
asleep or became unconscious in
her pain. Otherwise she might have
rolled down over the snowfield.”
The rescue parties climbed to
Lake Anne Sunday night and con
tinued up the mountain yesterday
morning.
The rescuers crossed a crevasse
and ascended t'ne snowfield with the
aid of crampons and ice axes, put
Miss Cedarquist on a stretcher and
lowered her to safety. Cliff Kelly of
Seattle climbed to where Miss Plank
still crouched, and helped her
descend to the main party.
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Montreal's Mayor
Interned for Urging
Defiance of Draft
Seizure Follows Plea
For Citizens Not to Heed
National Registration
Br the Associated Press.
MONTREAL, Aug. 6—Montreal’s
Mayor, Camlllien Houde, outspoken
opponent of conscription, has been
interned under the war measures
act. the Royal Canadian Mounted
Police announced today.
He was taken into custody at the
City Hall late last night, three days
after he handed Montreal news
papermen an initialed' statement
asking the population not to comply
with compulsory national registra
tion scheduled to start August 19.
Submits Quietly.
Royal Canadian mounted police
and Quebec provincial police co
operated in making the arrest.
Houde submitted quietly when police
surrounded him as he left the City
Hall. He was removed to mounted
police headquarters and questioned
for 35 minutes, then taken to an
undisclosed camp for internment.
Justice Minister Ernest Lapointe
and other Canadian authorities
withheld comment today on the
Mayor's arrest and Internment.
His Internment presumably is for
the duration of the war.
Opposition Leader R. B. Hanson
charged in the House of Commons
Saturday that Houde had “openly
defied the law of Canada.”
Mandate on Draft Denied.
Houde's statement expressed his
belief that the Dominion Parliament
“has no mandate to vote conscrip
tion,” and went on:
"I do not myself believe that I
am held to conform to the said
law and I have po intention of so
doing, and I ask the population
not to conform, knowing full well
what I am doing presently, and
to what I expose myself.”
The Mayor, who will be 51 years
old next Tuesday, first took a pub
lic stand on conscription in March,
1939, when he promised French
Canadlan student demonstrators
from the University of Montreal he
would take the lead in defending
them against unnecessary partici
pation In wars beyond Canada's
frontiers.
Favored “Moderate” War.
Previously he had attracted at
tention by a statement that French
Canadians were Fascist by blood,
and if England went to war with
Italy their sympathy would lie with
Italy.
Last May he seconded a motion
j in tne yuebec Legislative Assem
bly denouncing conscription and
urging continuation of a ''mod
erate” war effort by Canada. The
motion was defeated.
Houde, four-time Mayor and self
styled “man of the people.” for
merly was leader of the Conserva
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—A. P. Wirephoto.
tive party in Quebec, resigning
after a defeat for re-election to the
mayoralty in 1932. In the last pro
vincial legislative elections, in 1939,
he won a seat as an independent
candidate.
Welcomed Royal Couple.
Only 14 months ago Mayor Houde
welcomed King George VI and
Queen Elizabeth in Montreal on
their peacetime tour of Canada.
Last night, instead of the cheering
throngs to which the Mayor had
become accustomed, there were
only a few bystanders gazing at
his motor car as he was driven, a
glum and silent prisoner, to police
headquarters.
The former insurance agent since
1928 had been seven times Mayor of
Montreal. He defeated Mayor Med
eric Martin, who had been the city's
chief magistrate for a decade.
Before the war began he drew
criticism for an address to a Mont
real youth camp in which he ex
pressed pro-Fascist ideas. (The
Italian government once honored
him with the title of commander
of the Order of the Crown of Italy.)
Alderman E. Hamelin becomes
acting Mayor.
Houde will have the right to ob
ject to his internment and demand
a hearing, the right of every British
subject. Such an objection, if he
makes it. would go to Minister of
Justice La Pointe, who in turn
would refer it to an advisory com
mission.
Among the European refugees in
| England are nearly 1.500 doctors.
—————————
Texan Given Credit
By British for
Dogfight Victory
Fight Off Port of Calais
Was 'Great Fun/ Says
American Flyer
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Aug. 6.—Arthur Dona
hue, stocky, 27-year-old American
volunteer flyer from Laredo, Tex.,
was given credit by the Royal Air
Force today for the “probable” de
struction of a German plane in a
dogfight over the English Channel.
To Donahue, who joined up be
cause he “wanted to do something
more than just teach other people
to fly,” the fight was "great fun.”
Donahue and other members of a
spitfire squadron shot down two
Messerschmitt-109 fighters and pos
sibly downed two others in battle off
the French port of Calais yesterday.
Donahue had had 1,800 hours of
flying experience before he enlisted.
His name was temporarily withheld
by the R. A. F. because of the British
emphasis on teamwork.
(Description of him, however,
convinced Robert F. Donahue,
Lowell, Mass., radio station man
ager, that the flyer is his brother,
Arthur, for the past two years a
flying instructor at Laredo. Arthur
went to Canada to enlist with
the British Air Force, and his
family received word July 17 of
his arrival in IJngland. Friends
in Laredo also were convinced of
the aviator’s identity.)
Had Short Training Period.
The young American joined the
Spitfire squadron less than 24 hours
before the engagement after a short
period of training in handling
speedy pursuit ships.
Tire flyer, known to his British
mates as “Texas Shorty,” returned
from the battle with his plane rid
dled by macihne-gun bullets, but he
himself escaped unscratched.
He was the first American pilot
to be mentioned in Air Ministry ac
counts of battles over the Chan
nel for the last few weeks, although
American-built planes have been
figuring in action.
The ministry said the American
chased off two Messerschmitt fight
ers, hit one and was in turn at
tacked by two others which he
shook off.
"I was never so tickled in my
life,” the American said, describ
ing his reactions to the battle.
Si*w Plane Dive Into Sea.
"We went across the Channel
looking for trouble, but it was the
Germans who found it. Four miles
from Calais, at 10,000 feet, we saw
five Messerschmitt-109s. and some
where around was a larger group
j of them.
| “We sailed right into them, and
our squadron leader set the pace by
cracking down one Messerschmitt.
He and another pilot saw it dive into
the sea.
“Then another pilot chased one
German toward Prance and shot
pieces off It. I had a good crack
at one myself but suddenly found
two others on me. Something hit
the fuselage, shaking us a bit, but
we came out of it quickly. ’
“While I whirled around another
Messerschmitt fired into the cowl
ing. I had another crack at him
before he disappeared—then we
turned for home."
He said he decided to join the
R. A. F. after France collapsed, went
to Ottawa from Laredo and showed
a log book with 1,500 hours’ flying
time.
“In 15 minutes I was out on the
street again with the promise that
I would be on the next boat to
England, and I was,” he said.
The squadron to which he was
assigned after three weeks of train
ing in England already has nearly
30 German aircraft to its credit,
including three shot down during
the big air battle over Dover on
July 29.
Strike
(Continued From First Page.)
of settling both strikes within a
short time.
The strike, which brought work
on the Social Security-Railroad
Retirement project to a standstill
was not directed against the job
itself, but was an outgrowth of an
other strike.
Pickets appeared at the project
this morning, representing the
Teamsters’ Union and the Building
Laborers’ Union, both A. F. of L.!
affiliates. Presence of the pickets
halted all deliveries of material.
The teamsters are picketing to >
enforce the demands of members <
| of the Laborers’ Union, who ]
have been carrying out a strike i
against a number of local brick
yards. The laborers demand higher
wages and other concessions.
Threatened Last Week.
The teamsters had announced
last week that they would picket
the project unless demands of the !
Laborers’ Union against the brick- !
yards were met.
A. F. L. officials continued their
efforts, meanwhile, to settle the
jurisdictional strike.
This strike, called by the Plas
terers’ Union, has caused a slow
; down of work. The plasterers are
| disputing the right of the Car
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penters’ Union, another A. F. L. or
ganization, to do certain work. *\
The buildings, scheduled for cdrrf
pletion September 1 after arrange
ments had been made to work ok
them 24 hoyrs a day, will not ‘be
ready for at least six weeks after
that date, officials of the Publlfc
Buildings Administration said to*
day.
Delay Blamed on Unions.
The delay was blamed on the
labor trouble, principally disputes
between A. P. L. unions, which have
beset the projects in the last few
months. The buildings, when fin
ished, will be occupied by the War
Department and the National De
fense Commission.
The plasterers have claimed th#
right to install accoustical tile in the
ceiling of the buildings. The Build
ing Trades Department of the A. P.
L. last week handed down a decision
awarding thi/work to carpenters**
Then the plasterers announced
their determination to strike to en
force their demands. A. P. L. Presi
dent William Green and high offi
cials of the plasterers vainly sought
to stop the strike. The A. F. L. is
attempting to settle the matter. <■
R. A. F. Reports 4,000
Casualties in 11 Months
B> the Associated Press.
LONDON. Aug. 6—Royal Air
Force casualties in 11 months oT
war have totaled more than 4,000,
it was disclosed early today.
The Air Ministry’s 41st casualty
list, covering an unspecified period,
was released today, showing 150
airmen missing and 22 killed in ac
tion.
Added to the previous lists. !t
gave a total ^for the war of 1,782
missing, 620 killed and 241 wounded
in action; 358 who died. 739 killed
and 174 wounded “on active service"
and 188 prisoners of war.
“Active service” casualties are
those suffered in non-operational
flying duties, or on the ground
through enemy action, the Air Min
istry explained.
Eire is seeking methods to In
crease its purchases of American
lumber.
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