Evening star. [volume], February 24, 1942, Page A-12, Image 14

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Text of Roosevelt's Address Outlining United Nations'War Problems
The text of President Roosevelt’s
radio address last night follows:
Washington’s birthday is a
most appropriate occasion for us
to talk with each other about
things as they are today and
things as we know they shall be
in the future.
For eight years, Gen. Washing
ton and his Continental Army
were faced continually with for
midable odds and recurring de
feats. Supplies and equipment
were lacking. In a sense, every
winter was a Valley Forge.
Throughout the 13 States there
existed fifth columnists—selfish
men, jealous men, fearful men,
who proclaimed that Washing
ton’s cause was hopeless, that he
should ask for a negotiated peace.
Washington’s conduct in those
hard time has provided the model
for all Americans ever since—a
model of moral stamina. He
held to his course, as it had been
charted in the Declaration of
Independence. He and the brave
men who served with him knew
that no man's life or fortune was
secure without freedom and free
institutions.
The present great struggle has
taught us increasingly that free
dom of person and security of
property anywhere in the world
depend upon the security of the
rights and obligations of liberty
and justice everywhere in the
world.
This war is a new kind of war.
It is different from all other wars
of the past, not only in its meth
ods and weapons, but also in its
geography. It is warfare in terms
of every continent, every island,
every sea, every airlane in the
world.
That is the reason why I have
asked you to take out and spread
before you the map of the whole
earth, and to follow with me the
references which I shall make to
the world-encircling battle lines
of this war. Many questions will.
I fear, remain unanswered, but I
know you will realize I cannot
cover everything in any one re
port to the people.
Job Is Now to Fight
All Around the Globe.
The broad oceans which have
been heralded in the past as our
protection from attack have be
come endless battlefields on
which we are constantly being
challenged by our enemies.
We must all understand and
face the hard fact that our job
now is to fight at distances which
extend all the way round the
globe.
We fight at these vast distances
because that is where our ene
mies are. Until our flow of sup
plies gives us clear superiority we
must keep on striking our ene
mies wherever and whenever we
can meet them, even if, for a
while, we have to yield ground.
Actually we are taking a heavy
toll of the enemy every day that
goes by.
We must fight at these vast
distances to protect our supply
lines and our lines of communi
cation with our Allies—protect
these lines from the enemies
who are bending every ounce of
their strength, striving against
time, to cut them. The object
of the Nazis and the Japanese is
to separate the United States,
Britain, China and Russia, and to
isolate them one from another, so
that each will be surrounded and
cut off from sources of supplies
and reinforcements. It is the old
familiar Axis policy of "divide
and conquer.”
There are those who still think
in terms of the days of sailing
ships. They advise us to pull our
warships and our planes and our
merchant ships into our own
home waters and concentrate
solely on last-ditch defense. But
let me illustrate what would hap
pen if we followed such foolish
advice.
Look at your map. Look at the
vast area of China, with its mil
lions of fighting men. Look at
the vast area of Russia, with its
powerful armies and proven mili
tary might. Look at the British
Isles, Australia, New Zealand,
the Dutch Indies. India, the Near
East and the continent of Africa,
with their resources of raw ma
terials and of peoples determined
to resist Axis domination. Look
at North America, Central Amer
ica and South America.
What Would Happen if
Isolation Policy Dere Adopted.
It is obvious what would hap
pen if all these great reservoirs
of power were cut off from each
other by enemy action or by self
imposed isolation:
1. We could no longer send aid
of any kind to China—to the
brave people who, for nearly five
years have withstood Japanese
President Roosevelt pointing to the Southwest Pacific area on a White House map as he de
livered his fireside radio chat on the war. —A. P. Photo.
assault, destroyed hundreds of
thousands of Japanese soldiers
and vast quantities of Japanese
war munitions. It is essential
that we help China in her mag
nificent defense and in her inev
itable counteroffensive—for that
is one important element in the
ultimate defeat of Japan.
2. If we lost communication
with the Southwest Pacific, all of
that area, including Australia
and New Zealand, would fall
under Japanese domination.
Japan could then release great
numbers of ships and men to
launch attacks on a large scale
against the coasts of the Western
Hemisphere, including Alaska.
At the same time she could im
mediately extend her conquests
to India and through the In
dian Ocean to Africa and the
Near East.
3. If we were to stop sending
munitions to the British and the
Russians in the Mediterranean
and Persian Gulf areas, we would
help the Nazis to overrun Tur
key, Syria, Iraq, Persia, Egypt
and the Suez Canal, the whole
coast of North- Africa and the
whole coast of West Africa—put
ting Germany within easy strik
ing distance of South America.
4. If. by such a fatuous policy,
we ceased to protect the North
Atlantic supply line to Britain
and to Russia, we would help to
cripple the splendid counterof
fensive by Russia against the
Nazis, and we would help to de
prive Britain of essential food
supplies and munitionsi
Those Americans-’Wh#
that we could live under the Il
lusion of isolationism wanted the
American eagle to imitate the
tactics of thg ostrich. Now, many
of those same* people, afraid that
we may be sticking our necks out,
want our national bird to be
turned into a turtle. But we pre
fer to retain the eagle as it is—
flying high and striking hard.
U. S. Ships Follow Foot
Main Communication Lines.
I know that I speak for the
mass of the American people
when I say that we reject the
turtle policy and will continue in
creasingly the policy of carrying
the war to the enemy in distant
lands and distant waters—as far
as possible from our own home
grounds.
There are four main lines of
communication now being travel
ed by our ships: The North
Atlantic, the South Atlantic, the
Indian Ocean and the South Pa
cific. These routes are not one
way streets—for the ships which
carry our troops and munitions
outbound bring back essential
raw materials which we require
for our own use.
The maintenance of these vital
lines is a very tough job. It is a
job which requires tremendous
daring, tremendous resourceful
ness, and, above all, tremendous
production of planes and tanks
and guns and of the ships to
carry them. And I speak again
for the American people when I
say that we can and will do that
job.
The defense of the world-wide
lines of communication demands
relatively safe use by us of the
sea and of the air along the
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various routes; and this, in turn,
depends upon control by the
United Nations of the stategtc
bases along those routes.
Control of the air involves the
simultaneous use of two types of
planes—first, the long-range
heavy bomber, and, second, light
bombers, dive bombers, torpedo
planes and short-range pursuit
planes which are essential to the
protection of the bases and of the
bombers themselves.
Heavy bombers can fly under
their own power frdin here to the
Southwest Pacific; but the
smaller planes cannot. Therefore,
these lighter planes have to be
packed in crates and sent on
board cargo ships. Look at your
map again and you will see that
the route is long—and at many
places perilous—either across the
South Atlantic around _ South
Africa, or from California to the
East Indies direct. A vessel can
make a round trip by either route
in about four months, or only
three round trips in a whole year.
Planes and Pilots in
Daily Contact With Enemy.
In spite of the length and diffi
culties of this transportation, I
can tell you that we already have
a large number of bombers and ,
pursuit planes, manned by Amer
ican pilots, which are now in
daily contact with the enemy in
the Southwest Pacific. And
thousands of American troops
are today in that area engaged in
operations not only in the air but
on the ground as well.
In this battle area, Japan has
had an obvious initial advantage.
For she could fly even her short
range planes to the points of at
tack by using many stepping
stones open to her—bases in a
multitude of Pacific islands and
also bases on the China, Indo
china, Thailand and Malay
coasts. Japanese troop transports
could go south from Japan and
China through the narrow China
Sea which can be protected by
Japanese planes throughout its
whole length.
I ask you to look at your maps
again, particularly at that portion
of the Pacific Ocean lying west of
Hawaii. Before this war even
started, the Philippine Islands
were already surrounded on three
aides by Japanese power. On the
west, the Japanese were in pos
session of the coast of China and
the coast of Indo-China which
had been yielded to them by the
Vichy French. On the north are
the islands of Japan themselves,
reaching down almost to North
ern Luzon. On the east, are the
mandated islands—which Japan
' had occupied exclusively, and had
fortified In absolute violation of
her written word.
These islands, hundreds of
them, appear only as small dots
on most maps. But they cover a
large strategic area. Guam lies
In the middle of them—a lone
outpost which we never fortified.
Under the Washington Treaty
of 1921 we had solemnly agreed
not to add to the fortification of
the Philippine Islands. We had
no safe naval base there, so we
could not use the islands for
extensive naval operaions.
Immediately after this war
started, the Japanese forces
moved down on either side of the
Philippines to numerous points
south of them—thereby com
pletely enoircling the islands from
north, south, east and west.
It is that complete encircle
ment. with control of the air by
Japanese land - based aircraft,
which has prevented us from
sending, substantial reinforce
ments of men and material to
the gallant defenders of the
Philippines. For 40 years it has
always been our strategy—a
strategy born of necessity—that
in the event of a full-scale attack
on the islands by Japan, we
should fight a delaying action, at
tempting to retire slowly into
Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor.
Gen. Mac Arthur's Defense
Exceeds Previous Estimates.
We knew that the war as a
whole would have to be fought
and won by a process of attrition
against Japan itself. We knew all
along that, with our greater re
sources, we could outbuild Japan
and ultimately overwhelm her on
sea, on land and in the air. We
knew that, to obtain our objec
tive. many varieties of operations
would be necessary in areas other
than the Philippines.
Nothing that has occurred in
the past two months has caused
us to revise this basic strategy—
except that the defense put up by
Gen. MacArthur has magnificent
ly exceded the previous estimates;
and he and his men are gaining
eterrfal glory therefor.
Mac Arthur’s army of Filipinos
and Americans, and the forces
of the United Nations in China,
in Burma and the Netherlands
East Indies, are all together
fulfilling the same essential task.
They are making Japan pay an
increasingly terrible price for her
ambitious attempts to seize con
trol of the whole Atlantic world.
Every Japanese transport sunk
off Java is one less transport
that they can use to carry rein
forcements to their army oppos
ing Gen. MacArthur in Luzon.
It has been said that Japanese
gains in the Philippines were
made possible only by the success
of their surprise attack on Pearl
Harbor. I tell you that this is
not so.
Even if the attack had not been
made, your map wiU show that it
would have been a hopeless
operation for us to send the fleet
to the Philippines through thou
sands of miles of ocean, while all
those island bases were under the
sole control of the Japanese.
The consequences of the attack
on Pearl Harbor—serious as they
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were—have been wildly exag
gerated in other ways. These
exaggerations come originally
from Axis propagandists; but
they have been repeated, I regret
to say, by Americans in and out
of public life.
Axis Makes Use of U. g.
Whispers of Disasters.
You and I have the utmost
contempt for Americans who,
since Pearl Harbor, have whis
pered or announced "off the rec
ord" that there was no longer
any Pacific Pleet—that the fleet
was all sunk or destroyed on De
cember 7—that more than 1,000
of our planes were destroyed on
the ground. They have suggested
slyly that the Government has
withheld the truth about casual
ties—that 11,000 or 12,000 men
were killed at Pearl Harbor in
stead of the figures as officially
announced. They have even
(Continued on Page A-13.)
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WHAT! A gid training men to fly for Uncle Sam ?
• The name is Lennox — Peggy Lennox. She’s blonde. She’s pretty. She may
not look the part of a trainer of fighting men, but —
She is one of the few women pilots qualified to give instruction in the CAA
flight training program. And the records at Randolph and Pensacola of the
■ •***'*"t ^ ? '<***’- ■*.
men who learned to fly from Peggy show she’s doing a man-sized job of it.
She’s turned out pilots for the Army... for the Navy. Peggy is loyal to both
arms of the service. Her only favorite is the favorite in every branch of the
service — Camel cigarettes. She says: "They’re milder in every way.”
4 . . • •» '
DON’T LET THOSE EYES and that smile fool you. When this
young lady sum talking airplanes—and what it takes to fly ’em—
brother, you’d listen, too... just like these students above.
SHE MAT CALL YOU by your first name now and then, but
when she calls you up for that final "check flight,” you’d better
know your loops. It’s strictly regulation with her.
YES, and with Instructor Peggy Lennox, it’s strictly Camels, too—
the flier’s favorite. "Mildness is a rule with me,” she explains.
"That means Camels. There’s less nicotine in the smoke.”
Flying Instructor PEGGY LENNOX says:
i
• "EXTRA MILD," says Instructor Peggy Lennox. "Less nicotine
in the smoke,” adds the student, as they talk it over—over in
the pilot room afright.
Yes, there is less nicotine in the smoke of slower •burning Camels
...extra mildness...but that alone doesn’t tell you why, with smokers
in the service... in private life, as well... Camels are preferred.
No, there’s something else...something more. Call it flavor, call it
pleasure, or whatyou will, you’ll find it only in Camds. You'll like it!
The smoke of slower-burning
' Camels contains
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any of them—according to independent
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• BY BURNING 25% SLOWER than the average of the 4 other largest
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THE CIGARETTE OF
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