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[even D. C. Industrie: el WHC Priority s 'Needed Activity' Will Receive Preference In Obtaining Workers If They Follow Rules I By MIRIAM OTTENBERG. I Seven District industries wen included today on the Washing ton area War Manpower Com Inission’s first list of “locallj leeded activities,” to be giver pecial hiring consideration 11 hey agree to eliminate ‘‘luxury ervices” not used by wai rorkers. i-The list covers hotels, restaurants cafeterias and other eating units A0art;nent and office building main tenance and operation, laundries Ary cleaners and linen supply fcouses. • Area Director Ramy B. Deschner Amphasized, however, that the list £oes not carry with it eligibility for ccupational deferment under the draft for men engaged in “locally heeded” activities and must not conflict with the status of occupa tions defined as “non-deferrable.” ] “Critical occupations” in the “lo 4aUy needed” activities, however, pdll be defined by the employment stabilization program here and tem porary draft deferments may be xecommended for men holding these Aritical jobs. Essential Activities. ' When the employment stabiliza tion program goes into effect here, these industries will be given the same status as the essential activi ties previously announced by the War Manpower Commission na tionally. Under the stabilization plan which te yet to be announced, these activi ties would probably get first call for workers and special efforts would be made to cut down labor turnover. In announcing the list. Area Di rector Ram.v B. Deschner made it clear that the individual establish ments included in this list must have agreed that they are: , 1. Making maximum utilization of their manpower as evidenced by the adoption of a 48-hour week and appropriate hiring specifications and 2. Suspending all special “luxury services” of the type not commonly utilized by war workers: First Step Locally. Announcement of the “locally needed” activities list is the Wash ington area's first step toward fit ting the national WMC program into the local picture. The local Labor-Management Committee, an nounced several weeks ago, has been struggling with the problem of de veloping a manpower program that would fit, Washington's character as a service city, it was explained yesterday that, the main difficulty has been that the national pro gram applies mainly in industrial cities and Washington, outside the Government, is largely a service city. Local manpower officials had ex pressed hope when they first men tioned the possibility of "locally needed” activities that some ar rangements could be made to pre vent the flow of draft eligibles out of the service activities because they were in non-deferrable jobs. Mr. Deschner s statement, how ever. makes it clear that national WMC would not acceed to an ar rangement making the non-defer rnble list inoperative here. A situation is therefore created where the local WMC is making special hiring arrangements to get employes in activities necessary here while nationally, the non deferrable list is pushing them out. Employes in the activities listed as “locally needed,” who now have to be registered with the local United States Employment Service for transfer to other jobs before May X or face immediate draft induction, include bartenders, bellboys, bus boys, charmen and cleaners, dish washers. elevator operators, doormen and starters, lavatory attendants, porters and waiters. In a personal message to workers In the locally needed activities. Mr. Deschner stated that the establish ments they represent, as well as the public “which they have served so splendidly, can well be proud of their performance,” He added that their service is a highly important one to the community and “through the continuance of their fine per formance they will be making a real contribution to the war effort.” Mrs. Morgenthau Lauds Artists for Aid in War By the Associated Press. NEW YORK. April 10.—Mrs. Henry Morgenthau, jr„ wife of the Secretary of the Treasury, said yes terday that painters, musicians and writers had formed a "partnership in creative patriotism” with the Government. Mrs. Morgenthau and Maj. Gen. Basilio J. Valdez, chief of staff of the Philippine Army, spoke at the Bataan Day opening of the Treasury Department's exhibition of original paintings and posters, "Art for Bonds." at the Brooklyn Museum. "It is because the artist can stir us so deeply, because he helps us to see and to feel clearly and strongly how good are the ends for which we fight and how terrible the con sequences of failure that the artist 3as been mobilized for war,” she lid, adding: "Painters, musicians, writers have responded magnificent ly to the challenge.” Berlin Divides Housing To Care for Raid Victims By the Associated Press. J LONDON, April 10.—A serious (using shortage In Berlin—obvious caused By Allied bombing ought a Nazi order yesterday lhat > resident of the German capital inceforth may maintain two homes ih the city and that all residences must be used for living purposes. I The Berlin radio's broadcast of the qecree. recorded by the Associated Bress here, said all vacant residen tial quarters were being taken over for families bombed out of apart ment. houses and were being sub divided. It said even lofts were be $g utilized. t The order, making little or no at tempt to minimize the destruction daused by recent RAP attacks on Berlin, came while Propaganda Min uter Paul Joseph Goebbels and Other Nazi spokesmen were urging Jie German people to stand fast nder the impact of the Allied aerial offensive and were promising them they would be avenged. A VISITORS TO RUSSIAN EXHIBIT—Shown viewing the Russian War Relief exhibit at 1218 Con necticut avenue N.W. are (left to right) Mrs. Joseph E. Davies, wife of the former Ambassador to Russia; Dr. Vladinlr Lebedenko, famous Russian neurosurgeon, and Mrs. Henry A. Wallace, wife of the Vice President. ’ —Star Staff Photo. - *___. Doctors' Conferences In Front Line Lead To New Techniques Dr. Lebedenko, Russian Surgeon, Tells of Gains At Relief Exhibit Opening Mortality among Red Army sur gical cases has been “greatiy re duced" by continued front-line con ferences between doctors leading to rapid advancements in wartime medical techniques, Dr. Vladimir Lebedenko, noted Russian surgeon, said here yesterday. Dr. Lebedenko, newly appointed representative of the Red Cross and the Crescent Society of Russia to the United States, appeared at the opening of the Russian War Relief ; exhibit at the United War Relief | center. ! Dr. Lebedenko said that confer \ ences held “under fire’’ are con : ducted by experienced snrgeons who ! share their knowledge with younger ! doctors. New techniques grow out of j “matching” experiences, he said. Wounded Return to Fight. Last figures availavle showed that 70 per cent of Red Army wounded returned to duty were seeing action | again at the front lines. Dr. Lebe j denko said, adding that this per ! centage was increasing constantly. Scores of persons attended the opening of the exhibit, which fea ; tured five stage sets depicting Rus sian family scenes and a collection of Russian tapestries, paintings and other art objects loaned by Mrs. Jo ! seph E. Davies, wife of the former | Ambassador to Russia. Present, in addition to Mrs. Davies, were Mrs. Henry Wallace, | wife of the Vice President; Mrs. i J- Borden Harriman, chairman of I the Washington Committee of Rus j sian War Relief, and Mrs. Harlan I Fiske Stone, wife of the Chief j Justice. i Tells of Transplanting Nerves. Also in Washington with Dr. Lebe i denko is Dr. Semen Sarkisov, Rus j sian specialist in nervous diseases, who was unable to attend the open ! ing. Dr. Lebedenko, who has per formed many operations in remov • shell fragments from the brain, also reported extensive work done by Russian doctors in transplant ing nerve fibers from animals, par ticularly rabbits, to wounded sol diers. The Soviet surgeon said ihat “every available” Russian is do nating his blood for the war effort. “It is a patriotic movement,” he said. "In every small town at every hospital there are lines of persons each morning to donate their blood.” Africa ^Continued From First Page ! lapsed so fast that the British, en tering Mahares at 1:30 p.m. yester terday, were able to move on into Sfax this morning. Gen. Montgomery spurred his men with a ringing message asking them to push on to “a first-class Dun kerque” for the Germans on the Tunisian beaches. The units engaged in the chase consisted of four divisions, the 50th Northumberland. 51st Highland and New Zealand and Indian divisions, in, addition to the usual complement of armor. The enemy's main effort, appeared to be to get northward without be ing cut off, and as the day dawned yesterday much enemy transport was in vulnerable position. One enormous column of motor transports, moving bumper to bumper, was caught by Hurribomb ers as it was moving over a ridge 40 miles south of Tunis in the Enfi daville area. The heavy traffic in this sector seemed to Indicate that the Axis chieftains had no great hope of making a stand in Central Tunisia. Only two enemy fighters were en countered yesterday during Allied air patrols in the central and north ern sectors, and the German air force appeared to have suffered a defeat worse than that of the Axis ground forces. The most ignominoua performance of the once-daring Oerman air force occurred over a central sector, how ever, where a formation of 16 Stuka dive bombers was encountered by American Spitfires. Ten of the Stuka crew members bailed out, some of them even be fore a shot was fired. Eight of the planes were shot down and four others were damaged. The rest jettisoned their bombs without carrying out their intended attack on Allied troops. Morale Seen Reduced. Allied observers believed the inci dent indicated a greatly reduced morale among, Reichmarshal Her mann Goering’s flyers. (The German high command, in its communique, recorded by the Associated Press, admitted that a “violent defensive battle” was continuing and that the Axis forces were retreating. (Declaring the Allies were throwing new forces into the pursuit, the communique said I TUNISIA IK ! I | AFRIKA KORPS CONTINUES RETREAT—Marshal Rommel s Axis forces ibroken arrowsi today surrendered Sfax, key Cen tral Tunisian port, after abandoning Mahares and Mezzouna yesterday. Black arrows indicate Allied drives.—A. P. Wirephoto. President to Be Host Tonight To 54 Congress 'Sophomores', B» the. Associated Press. I Now that he's met the freshmen j of the Seventy-eighth Congress, j President Roosevelt wants to see'the sophomores. So tonight, he and his top-rank ing Army and naval chiefs will play hast to 54 second-year members of I Congress at an informal get-together i at the White House. A similar “at home" party was staged for the 117 freshmen legis lators a month ago. It was so suc cessful that members who came in with the Seventy-seventh Congress in January, 1941, suggested to their leaders that they should get the same sort of recognition. The presidential invitations to show up at 8:30 p.m. in business suits so he could “see and talk” with those whom he had not had an opportunity to meet personally, went out to 29 Democrats and 25 Republicans. Invited were second-term House members and those who entered the Senate for the first time in January, 1941, regardless of whether they had served earlier in the House, In the latter category were Senators Brewster, Republican, of Maine; Murdock, Democrat, of Utah, and Wallgren, Democrat, of Washington. There were nine other Senators and 42 Representatives. House members now to the Sev enty-seventh Congress, but who had been in Congress before and missed the Seventy-sixth were not included. Democratic and Republican leaders also were invited to the party, which was expected to feature a summary of the war situation by Gen. George C. Marshall, Army chief of staff; Admiral Ernest J. king, commander in chief of the fleet, and Gen. Henry H. Arnold, chief of the Army Air Forces. “detaching movements on the southern front are being con tinued according to plan. (“Axis fighting formations again and again took up the fight and were detached from the enemy, which was far superior in number, only after hard and vio lent battle ” The communique said "several break-throughs’’ were closed by German and Italian troops. <The capture of nearly 12.000 prisoners in the last few days by British and American forces, added to 8,000 captured in the Mareth Line battle, possibly had reduced Rommel's army, esti mated at 80,000, by about a fourth. The largest Axis forces were believed to be in the north, however.) As Gen. Patton's forces along with : British and French troops pinched in on Rommel’s exposed inland flank, they were reported by the British radio to be within “little more than 20 miles" of a second junction with the 8th Army. Crippled Children Sell $ 1,405.60 in War ponds The crippled children at Gallinger Hospital have sold enough War bonds and stamps to pay for a jeep and are well on their way to enable Uncle Sam to buy a second one. The children started to sell bonds and stamps December 7, 1942, the anniversary of Pearl Harbor. They sold about $200 worth. Then on March 1 the Government asked each group of school children to sell $900 worth to buy a jeep. Pour crippled children at Gallinger have sold $1,405.60 since. Yesterday afternoon the Army sent a jeep to the hospital to show the children what they had done. Donald Behe, 15: Dorothy Elliott. 15. and Prances Demma. 14, were taken out on the lawn to see it. Lillian Connors. 11. the fourth sales man, had been discharged after long treatment and had gone home. Throughout the city the schools have sold $715,000 in stamps and bonds, enough to |puy 103 jeepe. Paul Junior High School students, who have sold $67,000 worth, consider themselves “out of the jeep class.” They have raised their goal to 6100,000 to buy a bomber. Net everybody with a dollar to span can shoot a gun straight—but everybody can shoot straight to the bank and bay a War bond. Eyewitness _fContinued Prom First Page.) us down a couple of times, but we fought our way up. When the ship sank oil spread in all directions. It looked like a wall of smoke and flames, not very high, but it kept coming at you. I grabbed a board, and clinging to it were Lt. (J. g.) John H. Kerr of Little Neck, Long Island, and Ronald E. Thron of Stillwater, Mo„ a seaman gun ner. We swam as hard as we could, holding on to the board. Shirt Caught Fire. The Are seemed to be catching up with us. I kept wondering how the other men were making out, for it didn't seem that many could get out j of that blazing oil. My hands and j shoulders got burned, and Thron's shirt caught Are. I had taken my shirt off. The Aames were only 10 or 12 feet away. It must have been an hour before the Aames started to recede and we could stop swimming. We saw one liferaft but it was ablaze, so we hunted around and found another raft and climbed in it and picked up several men. Two of them were colored boys who had no life-jackets or anything. Lt. Kerr had no lifeiacket so I gave him mine. He helped a lot of the men. Thron was in a pretty bad Ax, and he died before we were res cued. We brought his body back. About six hours after we were at tacked a blimp came over and cir cled around. It dropped a rubber liferaft to us and must have called for a surface ship, for we were res cued about four hours later. We didn't see the submarine. I hope next time we do the shooting. Pilots Thank 'Chute Packer Corpl. Jean, 19-year-old Women's Auxiliary Air Force parachute pack er, who has packed parachutes for many famous British aces, has just received a message "Thanks a lot Jean, it worked” from four Aghter pilots after they had safely “baled out.” * * Rival Senate Groups May Take Turns in Visiting African Front Controversy on Junket Strikes Humorous Note In Capitol Comment By the Associated Press. ,t. Prospects that the Senate True man and Military Affairs Commit tees might take turns visiting the North African battle front were raised today, prompting Representa tive Davis, Democrat, of Tennessee, to remark that such a climax to the controversy “might relieve traffic congestion on the ocean lanes.” Mr. Davis, a member of the House Military Affairs Committee, which has had a battlefront investigation of its own under consideration for months, said senatorial plans were so ambitious' “there won’t be room enough for members of our commit tee in North Africa until our fighting men capture a little more territory.” Jurisdictional Question Raised. Each Senate committee contends it should do any investigating of battlefronts that ought to be done. The Truman group went beyond the argument stage by proceeding to take inoculations usually given those who go overseas. Today they moved on to New York to inspect port facilities and one of them, who refused to be quoted, said reports had been received that installations for unloading shells were inadequate, both here and abroad. "We want to find out through in spections here and across whether unloading facilities can be improved and whether materials are being shipped without regard to the abil ity of the receiving end to handle them properly," he said. Meanwhile, both the Truman Committee and the Military Affairs , Subcommittee, headed by Senator I Chandler, Democrat, of Kentucky, j chose to ignore the jocular sugges | tion of James P. Byrnes, economic stabilization director, who proposed at President Roosevelt's press con | ference yesterday that a "second front” be opened to accommodate I the many Senators who want to visit battlefronts. Chandler “Not Seeking Trip.” Chairman Reynolds of the full Senate Military AfTalrs Committee said he would send the Chandler : subcommittee to the war zones j "when we are convinced we can make a contribution to the war ef i fort by so doing.” “I’m not seeking this trip,” Sen ator Chandler told reporters. “The committee hasp't even suggested to the War Department that we should go. “However, we made it clear that if anything can be contributed to : the war effort by a Senate investi gation, the Military Affairs Commit tee should make it. We are the only committee with jurisdiction over the fighting program. "We agreed to a joint committee, including two members of each group and one Senator who was a member of both, but they (the Tru man Committee i turned it down. “I think there would be serious repercussions in the Military Com mittee if the Truman Committee ! goes.” Canadian Judge Advocate To Confer With Cramer Brig. Gen. Reginald J. Orde. judge advocate general of the Canadian forces, will come to Washington next week to confer with Maj. Gen. Myron C. Cramer, United States Army Judge advocate general, on various matters respecting their I services. Gen. Cramer will give an official j luncheon Thursday in honor of the | chief legal head of all the Canadian ! forces—army, navy and air force, i Following the luncheon, they will leave together for Ann Arbor, Mich., for the graduation exercises of the Judge Advocate General's School located in that city. Arrangements for this visit were made by Col. Archibald King, sec retary of the Joint Committee* on Military and Naval Law. American Bar Association and Federal Bar Association, when he visited Canada the first, week in March. Gen. Orde will address the joint committees April 14 at 8 p.m. at the Mayflower Hotel on “Certain As pects of the Laws Relating to the Canadian Forces.’’ Col. William C. Rigbyt chairman, will preside. Guatemala Builds Roads Guatemala is constructing a net work of roads which will cover the country from the Atlantic to the Pacific and touch all international boundaries. BAR ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE—Representative Judd. Re publican, of Minnesota (left) and Assistant Secretary of State Berle (right), speakers last night at the annual conference of the Federal Bar Association in the National Archives Building, are shown with Robert N. Anderson, president of the association, who presided. —Star Staff Photo. Landon 'Impressed' ! By President's Plan For Postwar World Leaving White House, He Says Blueprint Has 'Considkrable Merit' Leaving the White House after a 30-minute call on President Roose i velt today, Alf M. Landon, Republi can presidential nominee in 1936. said he had been impressed by the plan the President outlined to him for a postwar world in which under privileged races would have their living standards improved and pur chasing power raised, "Instead of j being milked, as has been the habit in the past in most of the colonial empire systems.” Mr. Landon, who said recently in I a speech “some sort of international role is inevitable for the United States,” told newsmen that he of I fered no ideas, but contented him self with listening to the President, i with whom he said he agrees on the importance of improving the lot of poorer races, both physically and financially. Describes Visit as “Cordial.” Mr. Landon went into no details, but said the President's idea “ap Dealed to me as having considerable merit.” Trie former Kansas Governor de ' scribed his visit with the President as “cordial and nice," adding that he “was very happy, indeed, to see him looking so well.” He said they talked about their families and that the President told him things about his African trip that had not been published. Mr. Landon was asked if politics were discussed. He said he guessed that what they had under considera tion—referring to postwar plans— was “more or less political.” “When two politicians get together they are just like baseball players,” he said, laughfng. Asks for Picture of New Hat. As he was leaving, he told pho tographers he would be glad to have a print of the picture they were taking, as his wife had been “after him” to buy a new hat. He said he was wearing “one that a fellow at Council Bluffs” had given him when i he spoke there on Lincoln's birthday, and he wanted a picture of it. Mr. Landon is leaving for New York, where he will see Wendell Willkie. Republican standard bearer | in 1940. I Arriving yesterday, Mr. Landon can bt unloaded at our huge plant Bgd|fr v 5 FUELOIL gH 3 huge tanks with a storage co- dk a pacity of 8 million gallons . . . • p a railroad siding and pumping equipment capable of unloading ' 100 tank cars a day . . . and a large fleet of delivery and serv- y' ice trucks make this firm one of the best equipped organise* tions of its kind in the nation. - _ . I p mT wi* 4 was asked whether he would be in the 1944 presidential nomination contest. He replied: "Not in the slightest degree.” In an interview last night he elaborated on a recent speech in which he expressed the opinion that an International part will be played by this country after the war. The former Kansas Governor urged the administration to proceed cautiously in adopting any postwar collaboration policies at this time lest the Nation find itself fore closed to any international bargain ing when the war actually ends. Wants Understanding First. “The difficulty we are running into in this postwar collaboration busi ness is that we see some people want ing us to go in and sign a collective bond before we have a thorough 1 understanding of the conditions we are going to underwrite,” he said. This sort of agitation, 'he con tinued. is apt to raise "delicate ques tions that may interfere with the war coalition." “We shouldn't sign any bond,” Mr. Landon continued, “before knowing, for example, whether we are going to underwrite the French and Dutch Empires, a greater British democ racy, and the partitioning of Poland and the Baltic republics. If one makes a deal now, he can't go back and bargain after he has signed up.” Mr. Landon said he leaned toward the proposal of former President Hoover, under which he said there would be a temporary statement of principles and peace machinery set up now to be followed later by solu | tion of major problems after war hates have cooled. Mexico to Study Mills Mexico has appointed a commit tee to study the modernization of its textile mills and to meet the objections by labor that machinery and equipment will replace many workers. A LITTLE “Want Ad” in The Star brings a LOT of results. NA. 5009. Manning for Peace Stressed at Session Of Federal Bar Unit B«rlc and Judd Speak At Annual Conference Of Association A plea to "get organized now" for a realistic peace planning was maria last night by Representative Judd, Republican, of Minnesota, before the annual conference of the Federal Bar Association. "Unless we have learned the bitter lesson of the last postwar period, we will again fall into a period of dark ness and deception," he said. Stating that the choice is between "co-operation or chaos.” Mr Judd said the nations of the world must join for a lasting peace. , "The United Nations." he said, “must plan now for that peace." Berle Speaks. The place of lawyers In national reconstruction was stressed before the group by Assistant Secretary of State A. A. Berle, jr. Stating that some lawyers practice in their own towns and communities and others act as counsel for most of the Federal and State administrative agencies, Mr. Berle said lawyers occupy a "strategic" position in help ing the reconstruction period fol lowing the war. "This position.” he said, "places a great responsibility on the lawyers. We are now mobilizing production, wealth, manpower and consumption so that we may have the maximum striking power for our armed forces. We shall be doing this until the day comes when we know that riur enemies have unconditionally sur rendered. Committee Reports Given. "Prom that time on we shall be readjusting from war time economy, to the freer life of peace. The prob lems on the way out are not less important than those on the way in.” Several reports of committees were given to the conference. Those giving reports included Walter A. Bowers, senior chief fiscal officer of the War Department;; Carl B. Hyatt, special attorney with the Justice Department: Dr. Charles S. Collier, special assistant to the At torney General, and Dr. S. Chester field Oppenhelm. professor of law at George Washington University. Justice Justin Miller of the Court of Appeals for the District, wel comed the speakers, and Robert Nel son Anderson, president of the asso ciation, presided at the meeeting. which was held in the National Archives Building. Paste a War savings stamp in ybiif album—it will help paste the enemy. Sole of Furniture There If a blc demand for uaed fur niture. Now if the time to turn into ceah that which you are not uains. An "Ad" in The Star with full deaerlp tion and price will fell It. WOODWARD Sc LOTHROP 10™ JI™ F am* 0 Street* Phone OIdouct 1300 Enjoy Easter Organ Recitals While You Shop, Doily from 12:30 to 1 :00 and 4:45 to 5:15—with an additional concert on Saturdays, from 2:30^0 3 :00. • ■' \ MODERN makes for distinctive \ beauty in this Table Lamp From the honds of craftsmen come this strik ing modern lamp to spread light and cheer on your spring scene. Fashioned of ingrained birch and oak in an effect pleasing and truly unusual . . . perfect complement to the lighter tones of spring. Note the design on the 15-inch cotton fabric shade— « t ^ the dramatic 29-inch height of the * I / lamp itself_ From a group of Modern Tabl\ Lamps and Shades, S5J>0 to 227 SO Lamps, gcvnrrn Tux*.