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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, December 16, 1943, Image 11

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Big Push Being Prepared
Allies Expected to Launch Offensive
On Series of Fronts Simultaneously
*y ©AVID LAWRENCE.
Evldunce begins to accumulate that the reliance which so
many optimists had placed on air bombardment as a means of
knocking Germany out of the war by Christmas is not going to
prove out.
The air forces have done a magnificent job with strategic
nomoing ana nave unquestionably
shortened the war. But the real
function of air
units working in
conjunct ion
with tactical op
erations of
ground troops
remains to be
fulfilled. That
will be given
the test soon, if
indeed it needs
any test, for the
history of this
war has revealed
that the Nazis
by synchroniz
ing tank and
airplane at- n»ridu»rtnt».
tacks with ground movements swept
the strongest fortifications of France
before them in 1940.
The speech of Prime Minister
Churchill last spring gave hope that
air war alone might deliver a crush
ing and perhaps decisive blow. Mr
Churchill left a loophole, to be sure
when he said there was no harm in
the experiment of trying to win the
war from the air provided other ef
fective measures were not excluded,
It should not be assumed that the
Allies deliberately postponed ground
operations in 1943 while they experi
mented in the air. After the war it
will no doubt be disclosed that the
Allies have not been ready and will
not be ready till 1944 to carry on
their invasion of the continent of
Europe and that the strategic bomb
ing from the air fitted in with the
uncertainties of the operations on
the Russian front and in the Medi
terranean.
A vast military’ operation is being
prepared. It will doubtless be the
biggest movement of ground troops
in all history. Tire Nazis announce
that they now expect an invasion
in Western Europe. They might as
well prepare for an invasion in all
parts of Europe, for the Allies will
not open just one front but several
fronts simultaneously or in a series
of consecutive operations that will
not permit the Nazi command to
keep all of its forces concentrated in
any one place.
Mast Important at, the moment is
that Russia, Great Britain and the
United States have achieved mili
tary co-ordination. An over-all or
combined chiefs of staff, with Rus
sian. American and British officers
representing every branch of
warfare, will be in command. At
tacks and counterattacks will be
timed to permit the most effective
blows to be struck in such order
as to confuse and bewilder the ene
my. Strategic air bombing will be
carried on, too. as the tactical air
operations develop in different thea
ters of action.
When will all this happen? The
plans have been made and, judging
only from published comments, the
big push will begin early in 1944
and will make 1944 the crucial year
of the war.
No easy victory' can be expected.
Casualties will be numerous. The
sacrifices necessary to get a foot
hold in important places in Western
and Northern Europe cannot be un
derestimated at this time. It will
be a costly job in its initial stages
but the pressure exerted by a pow
erful force early may save the lives
of many later on.
The effect on the morale of the
German people may be such as to
wean them away from their Nazi
rulers. Many observers have thought
the air war with its terrific devas
tation would do it by now but the
military viewpoint here is that only
when ground troops are landed and
a steady advance toward the original
borders of Germany has actually
begun will the masses become con
vinced that the jig is up.
One thing appears plain. The
Teheran conference was more im
portant for the military decisions
made than for the political agree
ments announced. There is a def
inite feeling of confidence that all
the Allied might can be mobilized
effectively now in all directions.
Shuttle-bombing from Russian to
Italian territory and from Britain
to Russian bases is a possibility as
co-ordination of warfare is achieved.
The W’ar will be Intensified on all
fronts and probably the climax of
all operations will come in the spring
as the days begin to lengthen.
(Reproduction Rights Reserved.)
Haskin's
Answers to
Questions
This newspaper puts at your disposal
a corps of trained researchers in Wash
ington who will answer questions of
fact for you. They will give you access
to the Government departments, li
branes. itiuseums. and galleries. Ad
dress The Evening Star Information
Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director.
Washington. D. C. Enclose stamp for
return postage.
By FREDERIC J. HASKIN.
Q. How long had Susan B. An
thony been prominent in woman
suffrage before she attempt^ to
cast a vote?—W. W.
A. Susan B. Anthony became a
leader in 1848, but it was not until
1872 that she made the test by vot
ing at the polls. She was arrested
and fined but was not jailed for re
fusing to pay her fine.
Q. How many women are em
ployed?—K. T.
A. Almost 15,000.000 women are
now working, and the number is in
creasing daily. In 1940, women
workers numbered 10,000,000.
Q. How did cottage cheese get this
name?—E. L. H.
A. Originally this cheese was
made chiefly in cottages and small
; homes. It is sometimes called Dutch
I cheese because the Dutch were the
first to make it.
J Q. What is Boxing Day?—W. M.
A. This is the name given in Great
Britain to the day after Christmas,
at which time presents or “boxes”
are given to errand boys, postmen,
etc. It is a bank holiday.
Q. What does the word “catechu
men” mean?—H. V. N.
A. Catechumen, in the early
Church, was the name applied to
one who had not yet been initiated
into the sacred mysteries, but was
undergoing a course of preparation
for that purpose.
Q. When was the name Eternal
City first given to Rome?—B. E. N.
A. The epithet The Eternal City
applied to Rome occurs in Ovid.
Tibullus, etc., and in many official
documents of the Empire; also Vir
gil (Aeneld, 1.79) makes Jupiter tell
Venus he would give to the Romans
“impe'rium sine fine” (an eternal
empire). Hall Caine took the
1 phrase as the title of one of his
novels, dealing with the establish
ment of an ideal state in Rome,
based on the principles of human
i brotherhood.
Q. Please mention some famous
men who excelled in several lines
of endeavor.—O. P. L.
A. Such a list might include
Leonards da Vinci, Benjamin
Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Chris
topher Wren, Paul Revere and
Samuel F. B. Morse.
Q. Are the wigs worn by British
Jurists made of human hair?—L. W,
A. Formerly they were, but now
horeshair is commonly used. The
firm of Ravenscroft in London be
gan making wigs for this purpose
in 1726.
Q. Why is it so difficult to produce
penicillin?—T. E. P.
A. Largely because it has to be
grown, and the chemical structure
| has not yet been discovered. The
mold that produces penicillin must
! grow' in pure culture, and for this
; reason can only be produced in small
i units carefully protected from other
; organisms.
Q. Why is water coming from a
deep well cold, when we are told
that below the earth’s crust the
temperature increases?—L. B. C.
A. Only a few feet of earth on
the very surface are affected by the
daily range in temperature. There
is then a larger layer upon which
neither the surface temperature nor
the temperature -from the inside of
the earth has any effect. Below is
the layer where the temperature
of the earth Increases. The cold
water comes from the layer which
is unaffected by temperatures from
within the earth or on the surface
of the earth.
GIVE HIM A
M ^ichAf-’fnmtuut
CUSTOMIZED
OVERCOAT
IMPORTED SCOTCH FLEECES, ENG
LISH CHEVIOTS AND SAXONIES.
AMERICAN CAMEL’S HAIR AND
LLAMAS. IMPORTED CASHMERES
IN FULL OR THREE-QUARTER
WEIGHT. BOXY COATS, TOWN
ULSTERS, FITTED COATS, CHESTER.
FIELDS. A WONDERFUL GIFT THAT
WILL KEEP THE CHRISTMAS SPIRIT
ALIVE LONG AFTER THE NEW
YEAR’S RESOLUTIONS ARE FOR
GOTTEN.
$80 to $120
chedhhms
1409 H STREET N.W.
______
Eden Gives Commons
Broad Hint Invasion
Of Europe Is Near
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, Dec. 16.—Buoyant and
confident, Foreign Secretary Anthony
Eden gave the House of Commons
a broad hint yesterday that the
grand assault on the continent is
“very near" and asserted that the
Allies would throw everything they
had into it.
“Military plans which we laid
down at Teheran call for all our
Allied resources in every respect,”
Mr. Eden declared. “There will be
no margin, and it is going to take
all our energies to fulfill the de
mands which will be made upon us
in the very near future.”
Speaking in Commons’ two-day
war debate, Mr. Eden said no secret
agreements or treaties were made at
either the Teheran or Cairo confer
ences and declared "our Russian
allies attach the greatest impor
tance” to American and British
long-range bombing of Hitler’s Eu
rope.
Underscores Allied Unity.
While declaring that American
and British bombing had a “high
place” in Allied plans and would be
continued in the hope of shortening
the war. Mr. Eden clearly indicated
it would be only one phase of the
climactic assault.
Underscoring again the unity of
Britain, the United States and Rus
sia, the Foreign Secretary brought
cheers as he declared, “Before the
conferences I was not sure there
was a common foundation on
which we, the United States and
Russia could work. Now I am sure
there is."
He stressed- that the main results
of the Teheran and Cairo confer
ences—“particularly the Teheran
conference,” where Prime Minister
Churchill and President Roosevelt
were believed to have reassured
Premier Stalin by setting the zero
hour for the invasion of Western
Europe—were military. '
Refrains From TipofTs.
To critics of the Allies’. Mediter
ranean strategy, he replied that it
was only with regret that he re
strained himself from saying lots
of things, he was longing to say, as
that would give the tipoff to fu
ture strategy. He declared in ref
erence to Italy:
“We have never said King Victor
Emmanuel and Marshal Pietro Ba
doglio are going to stay. But when
a change comes it will be better to
have the change when we are cer
tain the new elements truly repre
sent the views of the Italian people.
I doubt whether we could do that
at the present moment.”
Mr. Eden disclosed that “pretty
regular supplies” had been sent the
Yugoslav Partisans since May. He
said he was studying new proposals
to unite the guerrilla bands in
Greece, adding, "I do not think it
impossible. I think the recent dec
laration by the King of Greece may
make it easier.”
(On December 11, at Cairo,
King George II of Greece indi
cated he probably would not re
turn to his country until his peo
ple had a chance to vote on
whether they want a monarchy.)
The Foreign Secretary paid trib
ute to American delivery of war
supplies to China as a "remarkably
unique performance,” and said the
figures of American shipments were
rising month by month.
Every time you lick a War savings
stamp you help lick the Axta.
Show Cause Order Issued
In Tobacco Labor Suit
The National Labor Relations
Board yesterday was ordered by
Justice F. Dickinson Letts of the
District Court to show cause today
why a restraining order should not
be issued to prevent an election
this week at Winston-Salem, N. C„
which, it is said, would determine
the bargaining agency for some
13,000 employes of the R. J. Rey
nolds Tobacco Co.
Justice Letts' order was signed
in connection with a suit filed by
the R. J. Reynolds Employes Asso
ciation, Inc., against the NLRB
seeking an injunction to prevent
an immediate election. The suit
complained agRinst alleged tactics
of the Tobacco Workers Organiz
ing Committee, United Cannery.
Agricultural, Packing and Allied
Workers of America, CIO, which
union, like the employes’ associa
tion, is a candidate for the posi
tion of bargaining representative.
The election has been ordered
held this week the suit explained
and claims methods of the Tobacco
Workers Organizing Committee have
been ‘ coercive.'' The suit asks that
I °ST0P!\
I OtfH for Everyono ... 1
l omd Every One e Reel I
k Valeo! Satisfaction k
mGooraotoodl
I k X i .1.11 —
dpptecea&cf/
Guaranteed HOSE
"Gift without a doubt.” You’re
sure he needs hose—you can be
certain these look smart—wear
long! 4 pairs guaranteed 4
months or we replace them free!
4 PAIRS
k FUZZY-WUZZYS
Now selling else
‘ 7 where at $8.95.
fe $4"
Also 24" Sizes J1 45
^£*S> CeUln* U.4«.H,,J
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_ f
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Strong side-walls, I
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Davis DbIeixb tubes 8
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West-Craft TIES
Knot nicely . . . Resilient
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keep shape £1 _
longer. Choice j|
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Zelan - Treated. Sheds
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Cut-Thru Slash Pockets
Convertible Collar—up
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H*T1 U SMART ond I
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911-15 HSt. N.E.
Note New Chriatmaa Store Hourat J
3140 M St. N. W.
inin Good Hope
IL 10 Road S.E.
8217 6a. Ave. £
Silvtr Sprint, Md. I
Above Store* Upen 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Daily, until Chnetmae ■
,923-25 7th N.W.
t a.m. ta I p.ia. Daily
UNTIL CHRISTMAS
3113 14th N.W.
11:30 a.m. It I a.m. Daily
Sit., » i.ii. tl » p.m.
17Q1 Rhode Island
I 10 I Ave. N. E.
10 a.m. t* 9 p.m. Daily
Frl., Sit, S a.m.-9 p.m.
1717 King St. I
ALEXANDRIA, VA ■
.9 a.ni. ta 8 p.m. Dally ■
! Sit., 9 i.m. t» 9 p.m. I
we Reserve the Right to Limit Quantity . . . AU Merchandise Offered Subject ■
to Stocks on Hand. Mall Orders, add 15%. If any Ceiling Price shown in this ■
ad if higher than the actual ceiling price on that item in any of our stores. I
the correct Ceiling Price will he displayed in that store. ■
h»i.|iiiiij.j.|]ii.i.i.i.ii.ii,i.iiuiI
the NLRB be restrained from al
lowing the election until the effects
of the CIO activities have been
dissipated.
The suit was filed by Attorneys
John J. Ingle and Richmond
Rucker, both of Winston-Salem,
with whom Attorney James R. Kirk
land, of this city, is associated in
connection with the case,
Howard Women's League
To Hold Yule Service
The Women’s League of Howard
: University will hold its annual
Christmas candlelight service in
j Andrew Rankin Memorial Chapel at
6:30 p.m. Sunday.
Scholarships will be presented to
Miss Evelyn Lee, a Chinese student
who lives at 1331 U street N.W., and
to Miss Nathai, an Indian student
at Columbia University. The recipi
ents will forward them to needy
students in their respective coun
tries to enable them to pursue their
college educations.
Flags of the United Nations will
be flown. Women students, robed
in w'hite, will form a procession
bearing lighted candles.
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m Brushed for
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Hidden slash
pockets
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All prices on clothing shown In this,
ad are In complete agreement with
the War Production Board’s
"Code of Selling” *
JULIUS !
LANSBURGH
«>%w..vw .. . .
/~Coclc3 Table"
5 7 9.95
ho^0nvSt^tifn^.ma

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