Evening star. [volume], April 13, 1945, Page A-3, Image 3

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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TRUMAN TAKES OATH AS PRESIDENT OF UNITED STATES—Harry S. Truman (left center) is sworn as the thirty-second Presi
dent in the cabinet room of the White House executive offices at 7:09 p.m. with Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone (right center)
administering the oath. Left to right, are Secretary of Labor Perkins, Isadore Lubin of the War Reparations Commission, Secre
tary of War Stimson, Secretary of Commerce Wallace, WPB Chairman J. A. Krug, Secretary of the Navy Forrestal, Secretary of
Agriculture Wickard, Frank L. McNamee, deputy chairman. War Manpower Commission; Attorney General Biddle and Secretary
of the Treasury Morgenthau (both partially hidden behind President Truman), Secretary of State Stettinius, Mrs. Truman, Secre
tary of Interior Ickes and Miss Margaret Truman, daughter of the President iboth partially hidden behind Justice Stone); Speaker
Rayburn, Fred M. Vinson, director of War Mobilization and Reconversion; House Minority Leader Martin, Representative Ram
speck, Democratic whip, and House Majority Leader McCormack. A picture of President Truman being sworn in appeared in the
fourth extra edition of The Star last evening. —Star Staff Photo by A. C. Chinn.
Truman Became Known as Symbol of Honesty
While Serving as Watchdog of War Spending
By J. A. O'LEARY.
When fate lifted Harry S. Tru
man into the presidency last night,
at a turning point in world affairs,
it added another story-book chapter
to the history of American politics.
Eleven years ago the new Presi
dent was virtually unknown out
side of his native Missouri, where
he was serving as an official of
Jackson County.
Even during his first six-year
term in the Senate, starting in
1935. the friendly, bespectacled Mis
sourian did not attract national
prominence until he proposed the
creation of a special committee to
keep a watchful eye on the huge
defense expenditures the United
States had begun to make to pre
pare the country for this global
war.
Called Spade a Spade.
That was the beginning of Harry
Truman’s rise to fame, which cul
minated in his nomination at Chi
cago last July to be President Roose
velt's fourth-term running mate. As
chairman of the investigating com
LOST.
BEAGLE HOUNDS. 2, white with brown
spots. 3 male and 1 female: answer to
names "Queen" and "Sport”, lost Tuesday;
reward. Warfield 3S21._
BILLFOLD, black, containing social se
curity card. cash, car pass. Call FR.
7700, Ext. 3000. Reward_
BLACK SCOTTIE, bundle legs, answers to
name "Scooter", strayed from 4305 1st
st. s.e., Wednesday eve. Reward. DI 5727
BRACELET, heavy silver. Mexican. 3 jade
stones, lost Wednesday night between
Beth.'sda and Wesley Heights; reward.
EM. 3333. _______
BRACELET—valuable, lady's square dia
mond bracelet. 04 diamonds, platinum
setting, vicinity Statler Hotel. April 2.
Reward. S3w>. NICHOLS CO.. Suite 320.
Woodward Bldg._
BROWN BAG. amber frame, on Conn. ave.
nr "1st st . between Q and R. gas coupons,
driver's permit, glasses, etc. Please return
bag and contents. Keep the money. EM.
8453.__ _
BULLDOG, English: female, brindle. fri
tters to name ’Judy" strayed f*im
viemity 10th and K sts. n.w.; liberal
reward. ME. 311 4. ___]f»V
CERTIF NO. 71180. for 1 share Norfolk
and Washington. D. C Steambo’.t Co., reg.
in n o Grace E. Morgan. All persons are
called upon to show cause why a new
certif shall not be issued. Please address
all notices to the Trust Department. Na
tional Savings a nd_Trust Company._
COCKER SPANIEL, brown and white, lost
in \ icimtv of 8th and G sts. n.e. Reward.
WA. 3486._
DALMATIAN, black and white mixed:
answers to the name "Spot'; reward,
TE. 0003. ____
DIAMOND RING, man's. 3 carat, lost
Thursday on stairw'ay between 1st and 2nd
floors of Colorado Bldg . 14th and G n.w.;
substantial reward. 223 Colorado Bldg.
PI, 43 47._.
DOG. small, from the kennels In Ashton.
Md ; mixed breed, Just clipped, answers
to name of "Mickey”: companion to old
1 ady Reward. WA. 81147._
EARRING, lost Sat., April 7; gold with
white shell trim._It found call RA. 3104.
EYEGLASSES, rimless, vie. of 17th and L
sts n w . Thurs. afternoon; reward. FR.
8200,_EX t81__,____
FOX TERRIER, female, with reddish brown
soots, mostly on head; collar but no tag
on: lost vicinity 1350 Taylor n.w. Call
GE. 0373._ _ __
GASOLINE RATION coupons "A" in black
leatherette wallet. MARIE H. THOMAS,
Adams 7128, 1129 Pol, rd. n.w, 14*
GOLD BUTTERFLY CLIP PIN. 2 diamonds.
2 sapphires; vicinity Falls Church Wed
nesday a.m. Reward. GL. n08(>._
gold”CLIP with 2 small square sap
phires: on April 10. between 2oth and E
sts. n.w. and P st. entrance of the park
way Reward. AD. 0680._
LAPEL WATCH, lady’s. Swiss works, white
enamel on back, pink rose design, lost
downtown Washington. Thurs. CH. 2000,
Ext. 400._
HAT. lady's blue felt, pink leathers, lost
Monday night in taxi or en route from
downtown: reward. GE. 7898._
KEYS. 2 chains linked together. 20 keys.
Finder call RE. 1608 or_MI. 088S._
MUSICAL INSTRUMENT CORNET April 11
on 30 Trolley: reward. Emerson 2871. 15*
OVERNIGHT CASE, russet leather, man’s.
Duke University labels, contains captain's
insignia and service cap. wife's jewelry
and camera, alligator shoes, cosmetics and
man's shaving equipment, lost from taxi
at Union Sta. to Silver Spring, Sun., 7:.»0
a m. Call GE. 0144.__
RING, lady’s, pearl and diamond chip.
April 32. vicinity Navy Dept, and Navy
Bldg. Reward. RE. 7400. Ext. 61321 or
DE. 5745._
SIGNET RING, in Rock Creek Park, along
Porter st. Description: oval-shaped, black
onvx stone, with diamond and initials
mounted ”J. Z": white gold, with yellow
gold trimmings. Call RE. 07 00. Ext. 72269.
to 6:30 p.m.; eves, call TA. 5879. Reward.
_15*
TIE~CLASP with gold link and S2.50 gold
piece in center. Reward. DU. 4844._
WALLET, belonging to merchant marine:
Important papers. I. D. card and furlough
papers, etc Reward. CO. 8499, JACK
ROSENBLATT. __
WATCH, lady’s white gold; lost Sunday
evening between Jefferson pi. and Union
Station. Alexandria. TE. 5028._
WRIST WATCH, lady’s. Jewel missing from
bracelet. Call EM. 6050.___
WRIST WATCH. Swiss Mido-Multlfort.
silver wrist band, on or near Pinehurst
Circle. Reward. 0410 Western ave. WI.
4991.
WRIST WATCH, lady’s, Hamilton, white
gold, vicinity Georgia ave. and Bonlfant
st., Silver Spring. Initialed “H. D. 8. from
A. D S.” Reward. Sligo 2188.
WRIST WATCH, white gold. Hamilton: lost
between Faraday place and Fessenden st.
on 45th st. Call WO. 8290._
*10 REWARD for the return of a Univex
Mercury camera In leather case, with tele
photo lens, model CC. serial number
007339. lost April 6. Michigan 3734.
FOUND.
BOAT, small, badly damaged by ice: found
near Seneca. Md.. Jan.. 1945. JIM BUR
GESS. Seneca. Md._13*
CAT. part Persian, young male, gray with
black streaks: 19th end G n.w. Call DIs
trict 8381 after 6 p.m._
PURSE, -small; found on 12th st. n.w.:
containing bill, change and ration coupons.
Finder may have same uoon Identification.
Cali TA. 0848.
LOST RATION COUPONS^
RATION BOOKS NO. 4. Issued to Lillian
D Goldstein, Llsner Home. 642* Western
•f*. a.*. Call KM. 1722.
A
mitt.ee which bore his name, Mr.
Truman called a spade a spade
when the committee found condi
tions it thought were hindering the
defense program.
As vice presidential nominee.
Senator Truman traveled the coun
try from one end to the other last
fall, carrying the brunt of the de
bate with Republican orators, until
President Roosevelt went forth in
the later days of the campaign to
visit the larger cities in a direct
appeal to the people to continue
his administration.
Mr. Truman had been Vice Presi
dent less than three months when
Providence suddenly placed him at
the helm of the ship of state, at a
moment when the greatest war in
history was rushing to a climax and
peoples throughout the world had
their eyes turned toward San Fran
cisco for the approaching conclave
to prevent, future wars.
The new President will be 61 on
May 8. having been born at La
mar. Mo , in 1884.
Although Mr. Truman won his
early political successes in Missouri
with the support of the late Tom
Pendergast, Kansas City's Demo
cratic boss, his re-election to the
Senate in 1940 came after the Pen
dergast machine had been weak
ened by Federal attack and its
leader sent to prison. In the 1940
campaign Mr. Truman ignored the
charge of Pendergast bossism and
ran as a New Dealer. One of the
campaign slogans he coined for
himself was “the good right arm of
the President."
He attracted scant attention at
the beginning of his second term
when he suggested the committee
to investigate defense spending.
Extravagance Exposed.
Thp Senate authorized the in
quiry, but allowed only $15,000 in
stead of the $25,000 appropriation
he had requested. A repoit on the
committee's investigative work dur
ing 1941 charged that governmental
inefficiency and private selfishness
had seriously retarded America's
war production.
“The committee,” the report de
clared, “has found numerous in
stances of gross inefficiency and
still more instances w-here the
private interests of those concerned
have hindered and delayed the de
fense program." It charged that
some dollar-a-year men helping to
manage the war production pro
gram actually had been “lobbyists”
for private business interests.
After that report came out, the
committee had no difficulty in get
ting appropriations. Mr. Truman
became a symbol for honesty in the
carrying out cf war contracts and
his committee the accepted watch
dog of war spending. Investigators
stuck prying fingers into war plants,
shipyards, Army and Navy contracts
and the committee's figures listed
millions of dollars waste.
Mr. Truman once summed up his
disclosures of extravagant war
spending in these wmrds:
"The chief difficulty in our war
industrial program is usually the
human factor. Suspicion, rivalries,
apathy, greed lie behind most of
the bottlenecks.”
Wins Bipartisan Suuport.
When he gave up the chairman
ship of the war Investigating com
mittee to free himself for a vig
orous campaign as Mr. Roosevelt's
fourth-term running mate, Demo
crats and Republicans alike sought
to persuade him to continue. He re
fused on the ground that while he
was a member of the committee,
anything it did might be construed
as political.
“I do not want even the shadow
of suspicion that the committee's
activities in any way are determined
or influenced oy political consider
ations,” he said, though he declared
that his resignation -from it was
I “one of the regrets of my lifetime.’’
■ For he had o,aid many times he
preferred being a Senator to Vice
President. Only a week before the
I Democratic national convention
i — ii .
nominated him for the vice presi
dency, he said he was not inter
ested and wanted to stay in ihe Sen
ate. But Mr. Roosevelt let it be
known he thought Mr. Truman
would strengthen his ticket.
Four generations of the Truman
family lived at Grandview, a roll
ing bottomland farm on the out
skirts of Kansas City, but Mr Tru
man was born at Lamar, Mo., May
8, 1884. while his parents lived away
from the old home briefly. His mid
dle initial, "S,’‘ was just a letter—
it didn't stand for a name.
Likes Mothers Tribute Best.
That was because his parents
didn't want to play favorites be
tween his two grandfathers, he ex
plained. The first name of one
grandfather was Solomon, of the
;other Shippe. So the parents com
promised on the initial.
Mr. Truman failed to accomplish
one of his most earnest desires—
to acquire a college education. About
the time he should have entered
college his father, known as the
"best horse trader in the county,”
suffered financial reverses. Yeung
Truman received an appointment
to the United States Military
Academy but failed the physical
examination because of weak eyes.
So after finishing high school he
went to work, holding such jobs as
one in the mailing room of the Kan
sas City Star, on a railroad con
struction gang and as a bank clerk.
Five years after graduating from
high school he was making only
$100 a month.
About this time his grandmother
asked the elder Truman and his
sons to take over the 600-acre fam
ily farm and for 10 years the fu
ture Vice President was a farmer.
' Years later, when he was receiving
thousands of congratulatory mes
sages as a result of the investiga
tion of war spending, he said he
liked best the tribute his mother
paid him:
“That boy could plow the straight
est row of corn in the county. He
was a farmer who could do every
thing there was to do just a little
better than any one else.”
In Heavy Fighting.
When the United States entered
the World War, Mr. Truman went
with his National Guard unit and.
as a captain commanding Battery
D of the 129th Field Artillery, 35th
Division, he saw some of the heav
iest fighting of that conflict, includ
ing the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Ar
gonne offensives. Before he wag
discharged he had been piomoted
to major.
On the troopship that returned
the battery to the United States a
collecion was taken up and the
commander presented with a huge
loving cup.
Back home he married a child
hood sweetheart, Bess Wallace, and
they have one daughter, Mary Mar
garet. He and an Army buddy
went into the men's clothing busi
ness in Kansas City's old Baltimore
Hotel. For a time the haberdash
ery flourished, but then business
fell off as the deflation of the early
20s set in and finally the store
failed.
Mr. Truman attained his first po
litical office in 1922 when he was
elected to one of the three positions
on the County Court, governing
body of Jackson County, equiva
lent to a board of commissioners or
supervisors in some States.
He had won the nomination over
four other candidates in the Demo
cratic primary. Two years later he
was defeated for re-election, but
was elected again in 1926, becoming
presiding judge with Pendergast’s
indorsement. As presiding judge he
was responsible for the greatest
county road and public building
program ever undertaken by any
county in Missouri. It was carried
out successfully.
His political successes continued
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unbroken through two races for the
Senate and the vice presidential
campaign of 1944.
An acquaintance once gave this as
one of the reasons for his success:
"The day never passes that Harry
Truman doesn't make a friend.”
He liked to meet people, talk and
shake hands. Shunning formality,
he called friends by their first
names and asked that they call
him Harry. "I just like it that
way,” he explained.
Shortly after his first election to
the Senate he made a speech that
exemplified his plain manner. He
described himself as ‘a farm boy
from Jackson County” who was
going to "keep his feet on the
j ground, one of the hardest things
| to do for a United States Senator."
He added that "the association with
dressed-up diplomats has turned
the heads of more than one Sena
tor, I can tell you."
His success formula also was said
to include "luck and hard v.ork.”
Friends said his two big breaks
were his election to the County
Court in 1922 which took him off a
farm, and a three-way primary in
11940 which divided the anti-Pen
jdergast vote and sent Senator Tru
man back for a second term.
Loyal to Pendergast.
On the hard work side they point
to his tireless direction of the in
vestigating committee, his appli
cation to details of the job—he
usually was in his office by 7 a m.—
and extensive study and reading of
current affairs.
| Mr. Truman acted as chairman of
j the subcommittee that made the
railroad finance investigation from
1935-1938 that resulted in the Trans
portation Act of 1940. He held the
hearings and practically wrote the
Civil Aeronautics Act.
His first time out for the sena
torial nomination. Mr. Truman won
by a plurality of 262.000 over two
opponents, but he faced a bitter
fight in the 1940 primary after the
Pendergast machine had been
smashed. Gov. Lloyd C. Stark and
Maurice Milligan, former Federal
district attorney who had prosecuted
some vote fraud trials that helped
- wreck the machine, opposed Mr.
Truman, who edged through by
7,000 votes.
During his first term he fought
the renomination of Mr. Milligan
as district attorney, but the latter,
,who had sent a number of Pender
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gast workers to prison in the vote
fraud trials, was confirmed for the
office and went on to convict Pen
dergast himself on an income tax
charge. Mr. Truman stood loyally
by his friend, saying: "I wouldn't
desert a ship in distress.”
Relaxes With Music.
An active colonel in the Resq've
Corps. Mr. Truman sought active
service during this war, but Gen.
George C. Marshall, chief of stafl,
turned him down on account of age.
: President Roosevelt later told him
! that his place was in the Senate.
At 60 he can still wear his World
| War I uniform comfortably. It has
! been his custom to take daily
setting-up exercises. Walking is a
hobby. He doesn't smoke. For re
j laxation he plays the piano, favoring
; the classics and particularly Chopin.
He once expressed the opinion that
after victory "we will have the
greatest responsibility any country'
ever had,” adding: "It will be our
duty to assume the leadership which
we failed to do 25 years ago, unless
we expect our grandchildren to go
I through what our children are j
• undergoing today.”
A firm believer in the lease-lend
program, he once said: “If any one
cries on my shoulder over lease-lend,
I always say that for every $100,-;
000,000 we gave them we saved
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I NEVER I
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d changeovers in the
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100.000 soldiers' lives. Even if we
never get any of it back, it will be
money well spent.”
Though his formal education
ended after high school, Mr. Truman
has made studying a lifetime hobby.
During his first term in the Senate
he spent almost as much time in
the Library of Congress as in the
Senate. A student of history, he
made a special study of the military
events of the Civil War.
While serving on the Jackson
County Court, though his duties
were administrative rather than
judicial, he enrolled in the Kansas
City Law School and studied nights
there for two years.
It was while serving on the county
court that he acquired the back
ground for his w'ork as chairman of
the War Investigating Committee.
"I know something about public
spending and costs," he told an
interviewer when the war inquiry
was at its height, ‘and I knew it
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before this committee started oper
ating. When I was on the Jacksor
County Court I was responsible foi
a $25,000,000 highwav and publii
building program, and I watchec
that, too.”
Mr. Truman Is a 32d degrei
Mason and a Baptist. Mrs. Trumar
and their daughter belong to th<
Episcopal Church.
Mr. Truman's pleasant mannei
won him friends on Capitol Hill
and he unquestionably would havi
enjoyed a successful term as thi
Senates presiding officer if Presi
dent Roosevelt had lived.
The Vice President has a vote ir
the Senate only to break a tie
Earlier this week the first tie vot«
occurred since he became the pre
siding officer in January, and Mr
Truman was on the job and cast his
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this particular case his vote was not
needed, since the proposed amend
ment to the lease-lend bill would
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onstrated that he was alert to his
: new duties.
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