Lowell Mellett
'On the Other Hand’
Commends Recent Action of Senate
To Attention of Student Meeting
Next week the Government will resume the drafting and
training of young men for war. And next week 500 young men
and women will meet in Chicago to discuss ways and means of
making it unnecessary for these young draftees, or any others,
ever to go to war. The 500 are delegates to the fourth annual
convention of Student Federalists, Inc., composed of university
and.high school students In all parts'
of the country. This is an organ! -
zatibn, according to the literature
from which this information is
tafcen, dedicated
to “campaigning
lor federal world
government in
our time.”
From its state
ment of pur
poses and plans,
it sounds like
something worth
while and it has
the adult spon
sorship of Dr.
S tringfellow
Barr, Mrs. Ray
mond Clapper,
Clifton Fadiman,
Dorothy Can
Lowell Mellett.
field Fisher and a number of others.
Its officers and committee members
are students in the leading colleges,
big and little, and of high schools in
many States.
“Know What We Want."
In a public pronouncement thei
•tudents. say this for themselves:
•"We .are not a lost generation
rot yet, at least. We know what
we want. Peace. We believe there
is only one way to get it. Through
the creation of a world government.”
These are brave words to utter
In the face of the discord that con
tinues among the peacemakers in
*>aris and the wranglings that char
acterize the sessions of the United
Nations in New York. But, the stu
dents say, they ‘‘do not want to
stand idly by while statesmen go
their own way, until the day when
young people will be told once more,:
•Sorry, boys, you’ll have to fight!
again’.’1 And, they add, “We have
not lost our faith that a better:;
world can be created.”
So they will meet at the Univer
sity of Chicago and vote on ‘‘con- i
crete proposals” for a national pro- ;
gram and on methods of extending:
the organization to other countries.)
The delegates, some traveling by ;
plane from New York and some
hitchhiking from Florida, Califor
nia and other points, may be joined
by delegates from similar groups in ,
Canada, Great Britain, France and
Holland. L
These youngsters may seem a ,
little brash in thinking they canj
do anything to promote a world;
organization capable of keeping the j
nations at peace with one another. |
But, since they stand an excellent
chance of being caught up in the
next war, if there is one, they surely
are to be commended for trying to
prevent that happening. Their ef
forts can do no harm and may re
sult in much good.
Historic Step Taken.
This very wTeek the United States,
took an historic step in the dlrec- i
tion the youngsters are pointing.;
Our country, by official action of;
President Truman, accepted the i
compulsory jurisdiction of the In-'
ternational Court of Justice in legal
disputes involving interpretation of’
treaties and questions of interna-5
tional law. The acceptance was
filed with the secretary general of
the United Nations.
This extremely important step
was taken largely because a brash
young Senator, Wayne Morse of
Oregon, refused to listen to his
elders. The latter, even those who
favored American adherence to the
court, were fearful of raising the
issue at the last session of Congress.
They were afraid, in the light of the
Senate’s past behavior, that the pro-;
posal would be voted down. Senator;
Morse was convinced that in the
present mood of the country the
Senate would not dare repeat its;
repudiation of the World Court. He
persisted in his demand for a vote’
and finally got it. The vote was
60 to •2. ■
However, this victory for the
processes of peace was obtained
only after some of the elders had
succeeded in amending the resolu
tion in a manner that may permit
our Government to crawl out of its
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commitment—if we ever should have
that kind of a government.
The boys and girls meeting In
Chicago might profitably look into
this matter. They may want to de
mand a correction of the conditions
attached to our historic commit
ment.
Answers to
Questions
A reader can get (he answer to anr
question of fact by writing The Evening
Star Information Bureau. 816 I street
N.E.. Washington 2. D. C. Please in
close 3 cents for return postage.
By THE HASKIN SERVICE.
Q. Does modem Jerusalem occupy
the site of the ancient city?—M. R,
V.
A. Modern Jerusalem is built
largely to the northwest of the an
cient city. Jerusalem has been de
stroyed and rebuilt so many times
that over much of the original
site 40 to 70 feet of debris has ac
cumulated.
Q. Is the power to make treaties
lelegated to the' President or to
Congress?—C. McE.
A. The Constitution provides di
rectly that the President shall have
;he power to make treaties, but
with the advice and consent of the
Senate, two-thirds of the members
present concurring.
Q. On what day of the week do
he most people attend the movies?
—L. L. S.
A. According to the 1946 Film
Daily Year Book, theater attendance
ast year increased from 10 per cent
>n Monday through ’Thursday, to
15 per cent on Friday, 20 per cent
>n Saturday and 25 per cent on
Sunday.
Q. Are the new “soapless soaps”
larmful to the hands?—C. R. J.
A. The so-called “soapless soaps”
ire detergents and differ in some
vavs from ordinary soap. They re
nove fat and oil so completely that
he hands may become dry when
ixposed to them. However, the oil
>f the skin is restored naturally, and
mmediate dryness may be overcome
>y applying creams or lotions.
Q. Are fathers eligible for dis
iharge from the Marine Corps?—
3. R. W.
A. Fathers of two or more depend
;nt children, became eligible for
iischarge on August 1, regardless
it time in service.
Q. Which of the larger veterans’
jrganizations include veterans of
>Oth world wars and which ones
ire restricted to World War II?—
3. X.
A. The Amerioan Legion and the
Veterans of Foreign Wars include
'eterans of World War I and World
War II. Two of the larger groups
>rganized among veterans of World
War II are American Veterans of
World War n (AMVETS) and Amer
ican Veterans’ Committee! AVC).
Q. Ate veterans of World War n
exempt from draft?—W. E. J.
A. A veteran will not be inducted
without his consent if he has served
on active duty for any period out
side the United States, or if he has
served on active duty within the
United States after September 16,
1940 (excluding periods of instruc
tion in a university, college or sim
ilar institution).
Q. Please give some information
about the Army's Distinguished
Unit Badge.—R. F.
A. The Army Distinguished Unit
Badge is navy blue with a thin gold
border. It is a unit citation issued
in the name of the President. The
badge is worn by all members of
cited organizations. It is consid
ered an individual decoration for
persons engaged in the cited actions
and so may be worn by them wheth
er or not they continue as members
of the unit. Other personnel may
wear the decoration only while serv
ing with the cited unit.
McLemore—
Believes 'Labor Day'
Deserves the Nome
By Henry McLemore
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla.—I woke
up this morning feeling mighty
pleased about something. Instead
I of setting fire to the bedroom fur
1 niture, as I usu
ally do, theft de
scending the
stairs with my
cat- o’-nine-tails
between my
teeth, I found
myself actually
simpering' about
s o mething.
What was it?
Why was I so
happy? Why did
I not feel like
admin istering
the lash first to
my wife, then to
the inside help,
Henry MeLemore.
the field workers, all the saddle
horses, the plow horses, the blooded
cattle, the hounds, the cats, and the
love birds?
Then it struck me that It was
something that began with “L” that
caused almost all of my face to
smile at the same time. After get
ting out my first reader and going
through the alphabet several times,
I hit upon it. Labor Day. There
was the reason for my chortles and
chuckles. This Labor Day I knew
I was going to spend in a hotel
room in Toledo, Ohio, attending the
first get-together—perhaps "con
gress” is a better word—the first
congress of the 37th Infantry
Division.
Light Finally Dawns.
Until this morning I hadn’t fully
realized with what subconscious
horror I had dreaded the arrival of
Labor Day. For years and years, I
have accepted invitations from
friends who had houses in the
mountains, on the seashore, on lakes,
on islands, on peninsulas, and even
isthmuses, to come up, or down, with
them, and spend that good old long
week end which included Labor Day
Monday.
lire always accepted in the past,
but never again. The light has
finally dawned. When people ask
you for that particular week end,
what they really have in mind is
that they are going to close up their
house for the summer, and there is
going to be plenty to do around the
place. They not only use you as a
drudge, but they use your car, too,
to help bring back the little odds
and ends that they don’t want to
leave in the country all winter.
Things usually go along pretty
well until about noon on Sunday.
Then the family you have been
sucker enough to go and visit be
gins to get restless. They start put
ting things away, and talk of “we’ll
leave this and we’ll take that" begins
to creep into the conversation. About
3 o'clock you’re laughingly asked
if you wouldn’t like to give a hand
to lifting the canoe up on the raft
ers of the boathouse, or hold the
garage door while some one fixes
the hinges so that it can be closed
for the winter. You end up by not
only giving a hand but giving every
thing you have except your right
eye. which you would glgdly give
to be away from the place.
Deserves the Name.
Monday is really a day that de
serves the name “Labor Day.”
You’re up in time to nudge the
birds and tell them to get going.
You stumble down the path from
the house to the main road, walk
ing like a Volga boatman under
your load. You’re told that next
year they’re planning to build a
sidewalk, but they hate the thought
of destroying that lovely old rocky,
rooty, winding path.
Finally you take off. Because
there are just the two of you, they
say that the children will ride with
them, but would you mind just
throwing in their little wet bath
ing suits, the two stray kittens that
adopted them, the little odds and
ends from the icebox, and that
kerosene stove they are going to
trade in for a new one.
Of course, you don’t mind. You’ve
had that nice long, lost week end,
haven’t you?
If the manager of my hotel in
Toledo decides that he has to move
on Labor Day the way every one
else does, he can count me out as
a helper. I don’t know, though.
From force of habit 111 probably
i say that I’ll be glad to take the
I lobby along in my car if it will
i help him out.
| (Distributed by McNautht Syndicate, Inc.)
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Sure of the Answers
UNRRA Is Realistic in Handling
Problems of Displaced Persons
(Third, of a series.)
PARIS, Aug. 29.—Displaced persons are the stuff of novels,
of tragedies, of psychiatrists’ case books.
The American Atmy of Occupation is officered largely by
career military men and is staffed with nice American kids who
wish they were back in Okmulgee or Hartford or Denver.
The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administra
non Bridges tne considerable gap
between these two. UNRRA teams,
which run the DP camps, comprise
various nationalities — Canadians,
uutch, French
Poles, British
and Americans
There are Rus
sian, Polish anc
Yugoslav liaison
officers whose
main task is tc
repatriate theli
nationals. T h e
eastern bloc
complained loud
1 y at Geneva
that men hostile
to their regimes
were being hired
for this task
charging espe
Dori» fleeson.
ciauy mat me London Poles delib
erately obstructed repatriation.
The teams I visited on my tour of
German camps were fairly typical of
educated, social-minded, rather seri
ous people who do similar work at
home — Army veterans. Red Cross
overseas alumnae and trained
nurses. Ah were deeply interested
in the Geneva decisions and hoped
for more permanent solutions. They
were under no illusion about char
ity’s insidious disintegrating effect
upon their charges.
Case Against Soviets.
Where the Army was playing
slightly dumb on the Russian situa
tion, UNRRA people were outspoken
and realistic. They live at the core
of the problem; they have watched
the tide of displaced persons ebb
and then, of late, increase from the
east. They are sure in their own
□finds of the answers.
Their case against the Soviets be
gins by pointing out how very diffi
cult it is normally to pass through
the Russian zone of occupied Ger
many—how you must keep to the
beaten path. For example, all traffic
from the American zone must pass
via one route which means much
roundabout travel. The Russians ex
plain this will “avoid incidents,”
but it also gives rise to countless
dark stories.
Yet unnumbered Jews, paperless
and propertyless, filter without diffi
culty through the Russian zone. Why
is it so easy for them? The infiltrees
avoid answering. They say they
won’t imperil the chances of those
who must follow, which is plausible.
UNRRA workers don’t go so far as
to suggest the Polish persecutions
are deliberate. They are sure the in
filtration is deliberately made easy
because the Jews, with their quite
understandable monomania for
Palestine, embarrass the British in
the Near East while arousing Ameri
can sympathies.
UNRRA blames nobody. They do
see the all-over pattern and they are
realistic about it.
Influx of the Balts. '
Similarly, they note the influx o!
the Balts. These Lithuanians, Lat
vians and Esthonians are very popu
lar with their shepherds. They are
capable, pleasant and clean. They!
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make their camps attractive. But
why do they come? UNRRA field
workers answer it is because the
Russians, through pressure, are
forcing them out of their countries.
The world knows that Anglo
American policy is to provide sanc
tuary and especially sacred is the
principle of political asylum. As
Britain’s Philip Noel-Baker acidly
reminded the Soviets in Geneva, “It
was in London that your Karl Marx
wrote his manifesto calling for the
destruction of our system.”
Only Army intelligence—British
and American—probably has the full
story of those maneuverings which
Lt, Gen. Sir Frederick Morgan
sketched rather luridly, throwing in
crime for good measure. They prob
ably would not and should not tell
it publicly. One can’t help wonder
ing, however, if it is being handled
intelligently.
An Army screening group joined
members of an UNRRA mission with
whom I was dining one night re
cently. They were young, self
conscious and perilously naive, and
they avoided our general discussion.
When they departed, I mentioned
my fear that they would never grad
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team.
The second in command in the
UNRRA group, a Canadian veteran,
groaned: “They’re typical. When
we established camp here, I called
on the Army commanding officer
and said I would like to explain our
objectives and procedure and to
hear his problems regarding dis
placed persons. He said he had no
time for any of that stuff. He has
never visited the camp or talked to
any members of the mission. Every
body in UNRRA has had the same
experience.”
What Do DPs Want?
What do displaced persons them
selves want?
UNRRA workers estimate that 90
per cent of the Jews want Palestine,
the rest America. These people are
weary, bone and soul, for their own
place. Of those who hope for Amer
ica, many appear to feel if they can
only hang on long enough, they may
be the ones lucky enough to make
it.
As one Pole said, “Yes, I am a
farmer. I can return to my hut
with its dirt floor with my wife and
two children, probably never to be
bothered with politics. But my chil
dren, too, will live in that hut as
I did. So, as long as I can, I’m
going to hold out in hopes that I
can reach America, where they will
have a chance."
Who will cast the first stone at
his aspirations? Until homes for
the DPs are found, the camps
must exist. These people must have
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understanding care or their poten
tialities for trouble will continue to
be exploited by nations and men.
Who is right and who is wrong in
the current uproar is unimportant.
The means whereby displaced per
sons can make a living in a manner
of their own choosing is everything
i —— - -
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