Evening star. [volume], September 21, 1946, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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Weather Forecast if Guide for Readers
Considerably cloudy, mild this afternoon, to- ^ ^ ■ p
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noon near 80. g 4 , Amusements A-10 Obituary . A-4
_ ■ ■ I II Churches A-7-9 Radio _B-17
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____^ An Associated Press Newspaper
94th YEAR, No, 37,394 Phone NA. 5000._WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 21. 1946—THIRTY PAGES. 5 CENTS
1 T""‘ ... ' - ■{ - '■■■■■■ ' 1 '■T-"1... —-■ ■ ...—----- -- ■ ■■ ■— - ■ ...
Tie Vote Snags
British Demand
On Balkan Oil
Vandenberg Terms
Peace Conference
Tangle 'Fantastic'
ly the Associated Press
PARIS. Sept. 21.—British de
mands for specific treaty safe
guards for foreign petroleum in
terests in Romania snagged on
a tie vote. 7 to 7. in the Peace
Conference’s Balkan Economic
Commission today.
The resulting parliamentary tan
gle caused the American delegate.
Senator Vandenberg. Republican, of
Michigan, to declare: "This proced
ure has been fantastic."
Earlier the Italian Political and
territorial Commission approved the
separate agreement between Italy
and Austria for considerable auton
omy rights in the Tyrol, and or
dered K inserted in the Italian
peace treaty over the objections of
the Slav bloc.
The revised British annex to the
Romanian treaty, which ran into
a parliamentary snarl, would re
quire Romania to restore or replace
the losses of Allied nationals in the
oil fields, annul discriminatory leg
islation and admit key administra
tive officials and technical experts
into the country to operate the
wells.
Personnel Issue Brings Tie.
The first three paragraphs were
adopted in a series of close votes.
A tie vote came on the fourth and
last paragraph concerning admis
sion of key personnel, and again
on the projected annext as a whole.
The British Empire countries—
Britain, Australia. Canada. India.
New Zealand and South Africa
plus Greece, carried the first two
paragraphs. 7 to 6, against the Unit
ed States and the Slav bloc—Rus
sia, White Russia. The Ukraine,
Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.
The United States took the po
sition that special provisions for
petroleum properties were unneces
sary because they were covered by
general clauses on property rights
of Allied nationals.
France Switches Support.
France, which abstained on the
first two ballots, joined the Brit
ish bloc. In passing the third para
graph. 8 to 6. then switched to the
other side on the fourth paragraph,
tying the count.
The same lineup caused a tie on
the annex as a whole.
Then came the confusion over
whether the vote on the whole in
cluded all four portions or merely
the three approved ones.
Senator Vandenberg declared
Chairman Joseph Korbel of Czecho
slovakia had erred in putting all four
paragraphs to the vote on the whole
when the last had failed to pass.
The chairman insisted that under
United Nations rules the fourth por
tion was still alive.
Disagrees With Red Delegate.
“I am sorry to intrude." said Sena
tor Vandenberg, "'but I've had a little
parliamentary- experience which
might be of utility. I agree with the
Soviet delegate that part of this pro
cedure has been fantastic, but I dis
agree with his conclusions.”
Mr. Korbel said the rules require
a second vote at a new meeting with
in 48 hours in case of a tie.
The Italian Commission voted. 13
to fr. to insert the Italian-Austrian
accord on the Tyrol in the Italian
treaty.
Under the agreement, which was
signed here recently by Austrian
Foreign Minister Karl Gruber and
Italian Premier Alcide de Gasperi,
Italy granted local autonomy to
German-speaking residents of the
South Tyrol, guaranteed the right
to speak the Tyrolese language and
pledged that German-speaking per
sons would have equal opportunity
to hold public office
To Work Out Trade Facilities.
The two nations also promised to
work out mutually satisfactory rail,
transit and trade facilities.
Slav delegates laid down a bar
rage of criticism against the inser
tion of the agreement, which was
proposed by Belgium and the Neth
erlands. Autralia's W. R. Hodgson
replied that ' some delegations” were
' apparently opposed to guarantees
of human rights ana fundamental
freedoms.
K. V. Kisselev of White Russia,
said the agreement did not settle the
Tyrol frontier issue and argued that
a bilateral accord between former
enemy countries ought not uj be in
tfte treaty.
Virtual completion yesterday of
work on the political and terri
torial aspects of the proposed treaty
with Bulgaria left the delegates free
to concentrate on the Italian and
< See CONFERENCE. Page A-3.)
Hicswa Escapes
Jap Hospital After
Swallowing Nails
ly the A»ociot*d Prni
YOKOHAMA.Sept.21.—Pvt. Joseph
^ E. Hicswa. under 30-year sentence
for the slaying of two Japanese last
. November, escaped from Tokyo hos
pital Tuesday and still is at large,
the United States 8th Army provost
marshall announced today.
The Wallington, N. J., private, who
had been sentenced to death last
January and had his sentence com
muted by President Truman, was
sent to the hospital after swallowing
two nails in the Army's stockade
carpenter shop, the announcement
said.
It was the second escape for
Hicswa. who fled from the stockade
while under death sentence last
February and was recaptured within
an hour. No details of his escape
from the hospital were immediately
available.
Hicswa was convicted of knifing to
death two Japanese just before he
was scheduled to return to the
United States. He had been awaiting
transportation to the United States,
where he was to be imprisoned in
a Federal penitentiary. I
t
U. N. Offers Plan to Reconstruct
!Economy of War-Torn Europe
—
Report Urges Action
Now on Integration
Of Recovery Plans
By the Associated ?r«s$
LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y —Sept.
21.—The United Nations Sub
; commission on the Economic
; Reconstruction of Devastated
Areas proposed today a broad
program designed to put war
torn Europe back on its feet
j and help formulate a long-range
European economic plan un
precedented in scope.
The proposals were contained in
a 450-page report which detailed
economic conditions in Europe and
pointed out problems which require
an immediate .solution before recov
ery can be complete. A similar
report on Asia will be ready next
spring.
The subcommission found that
I Europe is emerging rapidly from
the period of devastation, largely
due to the help of UNRRA. but that
most countries still are faced with
serious shortages of food, fuel, hous
ing. manDower and raw materials
and that financial assistance is
badly needed to restore industry
and international trade to a normal
level.
Chief proposal of the 21-nation
group was that the Economic and
Social Council act at once to create
an economic commission for Europe
to foster co-operation in the ex
pansion and integration of Euro
pean economic activity.
Asks Plans Integrated.
It was pointed out that almost
every country in Europe now has an
i economic plan, which was drafted
without regard to what other na
tions were doing and which might
easily raise difficult international
economic problems. One of the
tasks of the commission would be to
assemble and exchange information
to enable the individual countries
to plan more efficiently for the
future.
Other recommendations included:
1 Creation of a permanent inter
national housing organization.
2. Establishment of an agency de
scribed as an international TV A. to
study and prepare plans for the co
ordinated development of European
power resources and the construc
tion of hydro-electric plants.
3 Approval of an XJNRRA sugges
tion to establish or designate an
agency to review the needs in 1947
for financing urgent imports and
make recommendationafor financial
assistance required to meet foreign
exchange difficulties.
Xeed for Coal Cited.
Tire report said the restoration of
coal production to the prewar level
was the most important single factor
necessary for European recovery. It
pointed out that present production
of coal is about 25 per cent below
the prewar output largely because
of manpower problems and a short
age of mining machinery.
The subcommission recommended
that urgent consideration be given
to the production and distribution of
mining equipment and that arrange
ments be made for an international
exchange of manpower between
countries which have a surplus and
those which have a shortage.
To meet the continued shortage of
raw' materials, the subcommission
suggested that an agency be set up
to allocate and distribute scarce ma
terials among European nations to
see that they go to the countries
which need them most.
Labor Training Suggested.
Other proposals:
Institution of a broad program for
training skilled labor.
Exchange of technical personnel
among the various countries to re
lieve acute shortages, which might
delay economic development.
Encouragement of multi - lateral
trade in the place of bi-lateral agree
ments which many countries have
resorted to as a result of foreign
exchange difficulties.
A speed up in the work of the
International Bank and Monetary
Fund so that loans may be obtained
for economic development as soon
as possible.
Isolated Tonga Island
Burned Out by Volcano
By the Associated Press
SUVA, Fiji Islands, Sept. 21 —
Volcanic eruptions have burned out
the main village of Angaha, on the
isolated Tonga island of Niuafoou
450 miles east of here, it was learned
here today.
There was no loss of life in the
eruptions, which began September
17, but all government buildings, the
wdreless station, stores, sheds, mis
sions and boats were destroyed. Vol
canic activity was subsiding.
* __
: Russian Veto Fails
To Stop Scrutiny
| Of Greek Border
By th* Associated Press
LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y—Sept.
21.—Reported shooting incidents
along the northern Greek fron
| tiers remained under surveil
lance of the United Nations to
day despite Russia’s veto of an
American proposal in the Se
curity Council for an on-the
'spot investigation.
The suggestion of focusing con
i tinued attention on the troubled
i Balkan situation was made in an
' unprecedented move by Secretary
j General Trygve Lie last night when
the Council rejected four proposals
arising from the Soviet Ukraine's
accusations against Greece.
The rejections had the effect of
quashing the Ukrainian charges that
Greece, with British backing, was
menacing peace on the Albanian
frontier, and they ended the Coun
cil's concern with the case after 11
sessions of bristling debate in the
. last three weeks.
However, Mr. Lie's statement—
that he was reserving the right, un
der the UN Charter, to investigate
and report on any matter which he
deemed a threat to international
peace and security—moved Soviet
Delegate Andrei A. Gromyko, the
Council chairman, to remark that
he thought the secretary general
was “perfectly right’’ in raising the
question.
Lie Threatens Action.
This right, Mr. Lie told the Coun
cil when the Soviet veto threat was
raised over the American proposal
for on-the-spot inquiry along
Greece s borders with Albania. Yugo
slavia and Bulgaria, permits him to
make any independent investigation
he deems necessary.
The secretary general added that
an inquiry to determine the facts
would be essential before he could
bring a matter before the council
'See GREECE. Page A-3.>
Ship Strike Called
'Officially Over,' but
New Tieups Threaten
West Coast Still Idle;
Two Additional Union
Contracts Up Sept. 30
|
By James Y. Newton
The great ports of the East
Coast and the Gulf were free of
strikes today for the first time
in 17 days. West Coast shipping
was still tied up although a basis
for settling the strike there was
at hand.
On the immediate horizon, how
ever, were threats of additional
maritime srtikes from two CIO
unions and one AFL group.
The contracts of Harry Bridges’
West Coast Longshoremen and the
Marine Engineers’ Beneficial Asso
ciation, both CIO, expire September
30. and CIO President Philip Mur
ray said he feared a breakdown of
negotiations. A leader of AFL
Masters. Mates and Pilots warned
his men "may go fishing' because
of new contract difficulties.
CIO seamen, members of the Na
tional Maritime Union, largest group
Involved in the current strike, filed
back to work today in New York
harbor after membership meetings
there and in other Atlantic and
Gulf ports voted to accept an arbi
tration ruling awarding them equal
pay with AFL sailors and end the
strike.
Strike Called ‘Officially Over.'
NMU President Joseph Curran
said that the Nation's greatest ship
ping strike was "officially over,” but
actual end of the strike elsewhere,
particularly on the West Coast de
pended on acceptance of the pay
formula by shipping interests.
NMU members in New' York, Phil
adelphia, Houston, Newport News,
Va.. New Orleans and Providence
voted to accept the arbitration
award of James L. Fly, handed down
Thursday, and seamen in other ports
had yet to vote.
The Maritime Commission ordered
its agents in all ports to pay all sea
men the same rates as had been
given AFL seamen. This means an
increase of $5 a month on the West
Coast and $10 in the East and Gulf.
Mr. Fly’s award ordered parity of
wage rates for similar work.
West Coast ports still were largely
immobilized by continuation of the
strike of the CIO Marine Cooks and i
'See MARITIME, PageA-27)
Guam, 3 Other Marianas Bases
Heavily Damaged by Typhoon
100-Mile-an-Hour Winds Rip Huts Apart;
No Civilian or Military Deaths Reported
By th« Associated !*r«st
GUAM, Sept. 21.—A treacher
ous typhoon veered unexpectedly
and roared today across the big
United States Naval Base and
three more fortified Marianas
islands to the north, leaving
heavy military damage.
Huge sheets of corrugated steel
from Quonset huts were whipped
through the air like leaves in the
100-mile gusts.
Rear Admiral Charles A. Pownall,
commander of the Marianas, issued
a statement in midafternoon that
first, fragmentary reports indicated
there were no serious injuries
among Navy or Marine personnel
or civilians.
The Army reported one man suf
fered a broken back.
Wives and children of military
men had been removed from small
Quonset huts to stouter buildings
and military personnel were con
fined indoors as word spread that
the typhoon was shifting course.
Admiral Pownall reported exten
sive damage to buildings through
out Guam, including the Navy hos
pital. Many hangars were reported
leveled at Harmon Field—from l
where B-29s once took oil for
Tokyo.
Army airfields on the northern
end of the island. Closest to the
typhoon center, were reported dam
aged extensively.
The admiral said he had no re
ports from Saipan, but he doubted
that it was damaged as greatly as
Guam. He expressed concern about
little Rota island, which has a na
tive population of 750 and only a
small number of United States per
sonnel. He said, however, the island
has a cave large enough to hold the
entire population and he presumed
they weathered the storm there, i
The typhoon center passed
through the Marianas in the Rota
area.
Admiral Pownall estimated the
typhoon’s top velocity at 85 knots
In Guam, a huge Quonset hut was
tSee~TYPHC>bN, Page 1
Two Helicopters
Flown to Save
Crash Victims
'Windmills'’Will Seek
To Land on Plateau
And Take Out 18
By th* Associated Press
GANDER AIRPORT, New
foundland. Sept. 21.—Two Army
Skymasters, each carrying a
Coast Guard Helicopter, landed
at Gander Bay today for an
attempt to rescue 18 survivors
marooned at the wreckage of a
Belgian airliner, which crashed
Wednesday morning in the wild
erness, 22 miles southwest of
this base, killing 26.
The first transport arrived from
the United States at 5:49 a.m., the
second 31 minutes later. Workmen
immediately began unloading the
dismantled helicopters so they could
be assembled for the hazardous
pickup of the survivors—14 of whom
were injured seriously.
Lt. August Kleish, Cincinnati, one
of the two Coast Guard helicopter
pilots who arrived in the trans
ports, said it would take at least
eight hours to assemble his heli
copter. The other helicopter pilot
was Lt. Waller Bolton, Milton. Mass,
Will I'se Plateau.
Lt. Kleish said the machines
probably would be landed on a
#mall plateau about a quarter of a
mile above the crash scene. Pre
viously a plan to hover over the
survivors’ camp in the dense, chill
wilderness and lift them by emer
gency litters and hoists had been
considered.
The helicopters, with mechanics,
were flown from New York and
Elizabeth City, N. C.
A Coast Guard Catalina flying
boat took off for the scene to drop
a small power plant, two floodlights,
sanitary equipment, splints and
crutches.
The survivors, marooned more
than 72 hours in a chill spruce for
est. wrere cheered by the news that
the helicopter rescue operations
might begin before nightfall. A 14
man Army rescue team was min
istering to the survivors of the
Sabena airliner.
Lt. Fletcher Brown, jr. of
Gloucester, Mass., co-pilot of the
Catalina, talked with Lt. James J.
Christian at the rescue camp by
walkie talkie.
Told of Helicopters.
“We told them that the helicop
ters were here and they were sure
tickled.” l»e said.
Lt. Brcirn said Capt. Samuel P
Martin, leader ot the rescue party,
reported every one getting along
fairly well, except that they were
miserable lrom the cold and damp.
Six or eight could walk or get around
on crutches, but the rest of the sur
vivors were unable to move because
of broken bones and bums.
The weather, while sharply cold,
was bright and clear and Lt. Kleish
-aid he hoped to take off in one of
the helicopters by 3 p.m.
Strewn around the surviving vic
tims were the bodies of the 26 killed
outright In the crash.
The Army rescue team, guided by
a native Newfoundlander, reached
the scene at dusk Thursday night
aftw a harrowing, pell mell journey
down the rock-strewn rapids of a
nameless stream.
Calls for Plasma.
The first message they sent over
their walkie-talkie radio transmit
ter, to a Coast Guard plane circling
dangerous low to pick up the fading
signals, for for plasma, morphia,
water and blankets.
Capt. Martin is a veteran ex
plorer and former member of the
Barnes Hospital staff in St. Louis.
He reported that none of the in
jured had died since the crash.
Then Lt. James J. S. Christian
of the Panama Canal Zone read the
names of the survivors to the PBY
" See AIRLINER. Page A-T i
Iceland Cabinet Split Seen
Over U. S. Airport Deal
By th* Associated Press
REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Sept. 20 — j
(Delayed)—Conservative and Social
Democratic Party organs today in
dorsed the pending United States:
agreement turning Keflavik airport
over to Icelandic authorities and;
withdrawing all American troops.
The Communist organ opposed
the agreement, declaring that it!
provides for a camouflaged military1
base for the United States, a stand
which may forecast a cabinet split,!
with the Communists quitting the!
coalition with the Conservatives;
and Social Democrats.
• The State Department in Wash-i
ington announced an agreement
with Iceland for the removal of all
United States troops within 180
days, but permitting the United
States to keep civilian personnel at
Keflavik.)
The Althing (parliament) re
ferred a motion to ratify the agree
ment to the Foreign Affairs Com
mittee today.
Rain Breaks Dry Spell;
1.5-Inch Fail Recorded
Mild temperatures and possibly!
more rain were predicted for the
week end by the Weather Bureau;
after yesterday's rain interrupted
one of the most severe September
dry spells on record here.
The bureau reported 1.5 inches;
of rain fell yesterday afternoon and
last night, causing some discom
fort among spectators at the Presi
dent’s Cup regatta and delaying
rush-hour traffic.
Until yesterday, the bureau said,
there was a rainfall deficiency of
2.08 inches here this month, the
dryest September since 1884, when
only 0.14 inches fell during the
entire month. The last recorded
rainfall this month was .02 inches
on September 3.
“Considerable cloudiness and mild,
with chance of afternoon showers
today and Sunday," was the fore
cast this morning. |
^KETHwQiAiR^
. HENRY.SHE'S JUST GOT
\ HERSELF A JOB WITH
\THEGOVERNMENT
Army Captain is Fifth Victim
Of Bomber Crash at Airport
<Picture on Page A-12)
A fifth death in the crash of
an Army B-25 bomber at Wash
ington National Airport late yes
terday was announced today by
the War Department as the
Army Air Forces and the Civil
Aeronautics Administration be
gan an inquiry into the cause of
the accident, the second* involv
ing a Mitchell bomber at the air
port in little more than a month.
The fifth fatality was Capt. Myrick
S. Hilsman of Langley View, Tex.,
a passenger. He was pulled from
the flaming ship a few moments
after the crash, but died last night
at Bolling Field.
The other dead were:
Col. Philip T Durfee. Langley
Field, Va., the pilot.
Second Lt. Max L. Crowder. Buck
roe Beach. Va., the co-pilot.
Corpl. David Jenkins, Piedmont.
S. C.. crew chief.
Master Sergt. Wiley W. Walters,
sr.. Hampton, Va.
All but Corpl. Jenkins were mar
ried, it was said.
Meanwhile, the sole survivor. Capt.
Bradford Lawrence of Fall River.
Mass., was due for release from the
Bolling Field hospital, where he
was treated for minor injuries.
Regatta Crowd Sees Crash.
The crash, a fiery spectacle seen
by crow’ds w'ho braved rain to watch
the President’s Cup Regatta on the
Potomac River. Occurred shortly
after 5 p.m.
The twin-engined plane, being
used by the Army Airways Commun
ication Service, had taken off at
4:51 p.m. for a return flight to its
base at Langley Field, but almost
immediately radioed the airport
control tower that it was going to
land again.
Officials on the Regatta Commit
tee boM and spectators on other
craft and along the Hains Point
seawall noticed the ship making one
low. fast pass over the field and
then circling for another try. It
came in with one wing low and ob
viously in trouble, watchers said.
A wing touched a runway, the
plane spun violently, flopped and
lurched to a stop at the side of the
runway, wrenching loose the landing
gear, tossing one engine about 50
«See BOMBER:. Page ~ A-It T
12 0. C. Agencies Ask
Budget of $1,019,900
For '48 Fiscal Year
Deeds Recorder Leads
Regulatory Agencies
With $233,500 Request
By Henry A. Mustin
Budget estimates totaling $1,
019.900 have been submitted
by the District's 12 regulatory
agencies for the fiscal year be
ginning next July 1. Budget Offi
cer Walter L. Fowler announced
today.
The requests total $183,607 more
than combined appropriations to the
agencies for the current fiscal year.
Earlier, Mr. Fowler made public1
estimates oi the three District of
Columbia courts and related agencies
showing a combined anticipated ex
pense during the fiscal vear 1946 of
*1.901,606.
Tills sum is 26 per cent greater
than $1,512,456 allocated to them
this fiscal year. A substantial por
tion of the increase sought was ear
marked for 50 additional employes.
Deeds Agency Tops Others.
Largest budget estimates sub
mitted by the regulatory agencies
was $233,500 asked by the Office of
Recorder of Deeds. The office asked
for $15,632 for the hire of eight new
clerks to help with a volume of busi
ness which has increased 58 per cent
since 1943. Its current appropria
tion is $190,850.
The Department of Weights, Meas
ures and Markets requested $165,800
as against a 1947 outlay of $124,500.
Remodeing of the Western Market,
which burned last'winter, would re
quire $20,500, it was’said, and con-j
struction of a calibrating house for
fluid delivery vehicles would cost $8,
500. Another $1,924 was asked for
repairs to the Municipal Fish, East
ern and Western Markets and the
chicken house of the Southwest Pro
duce Market.
Salary' increases accounted for
most of the increase to $131,300
sought by the Public Utilities Com -!
mission, which is now operating with
$112,500.
Coroner's Needs Cited.
The coroner’s office asked to be in- i
creased from $30,820 to $48,800. It
cited a need for three new Morgue
attendants and a janitor whose com
bined salaries would cost $8,195
yearly.
Six additional staff members were
requested by the Minimum Wage
and Industrial Safety Board, includ
ing two safety inspectors and three
wage-and-hour inspectors, at a com
bined cost of $14,640. The board
asked for overall appropriation of j
$70,400. It now operates with $46,
468.
The Board of Indeterminate Sen
tence and Parole sought $44,000, of
which $3,021 would be used to hire a
new field parole officer to help the
present four with a per-man case
load ranging between 72 and 144.
Current appropriation to the board
is $35,300.
Licens# Bureau Request.
Estimating the increase in revenue,
which could be brought In at $10,- j
000, the License Bureau asked for an j
additional inspector at $2,645 a year]
to investigate complaints regarding
(See BUDGET, ^age~A^3r> "!
Inboard Motors Vie
For Honors Here on
Second Regatta Day
Racing Boat Fans Ready
To Brave Rain Again
For Two Major Events
By Malcolm Lamborne, Jr.
i Results and Pictures on
Sports Page/
The big, powerful inboard
;peedboats look over the muddy
Potomac River today in the sec
ond day of the 15th annual run
ning of the President’s Cup
Regatta, which opened yesterday
with thrill-packed events for
outboard drivers.
Despite the possibility of more
rain before tonight, officials went
ahead with plans for today's two
major events—qualifying heats for
the President's Cup event and the
American Power Boat Association
championship for 225 cubic inch
hydroplanes.
At least 12 boats were expected
out for the two opening heats for
the President's Cup, which was
sponsored 20 years ago by the late
Caivin Coolidge.
Starting Field Entries.
The starting field included five
Gold Cup boats, considered the
fastest crafty afloat. They were
Guy Lombardo’s Tempo VI, the
favorite: BilrCantrell’s Why Worry;
E. A. Wilson’s Miss Canada III, the
only foreign entry (from Canada i;
i See REG XtTA7 Page A-2j “
A.&P. and 28 Officers
Convicted oi Violating
Antitrust Statute
'Congress Didn't Condone
Good' Monopolies, Judge
In Lengthy fcase Says
By the Associated Press
DANVILLE. 111.. Sept, 21—The
New York Great Atlantic & Pa
cific Tea Co. and 28 officers and
subsidiaries were convicted today
of violating the Federal anti
trust law.
Federal Judge Walter C. Lindley
who heard the prolonged trial with
out a jury found all defendants
guilty on both counts of a criminal
information which charged conspi
racy to restrain trade in fruit prod
ucts and ‘'conspiracy to monopolize
a substantial part of such products
in Interstate Commerce.'’
The court's 117-page decision in
the case that consumed 22 weeks
of actual trial starting April 16,
1945, said.
"Despite the claim of high char
acter of the general business and
. economic policy- of defendants. I
j cannot escape the conviction that
tby their co-operation in the pro
| motion of the plan of operation
i which involved illegal action, and
illegal restraint of trade, they rend
ered themselves subject to the pen
alty' of the law.
Good Trusts Not Condoned.
‘ Congress did not condone good
trusts and condemn bad ones: it
forbade all. It is no excuse for
unreasonable restrain or monopoly
that such interference • with free
competition has not been utilized
to extract from consumers more
than a ‘fair" profit.
“As I view it each and every de
fendant. corporate and individual
was aware of the plan, consciously
participated in it. and must be held
to have violated the law in both
respects mentioned in the informa
tion.
"In tjjis connection think it only
proper to say that usually a viola
tion of the Sherman (antitrust) Act
is not an ordinary crime. Violation
is ordinarily an economic offense,
the seriousness of which is not re
lated to the moral turpitude of the
offender."
Hartford* Were Defendants.
Among the individual defendants
convicted were the leaders of the
big food distributing organization,
one of the Nation’s largest. John A.
Hartford, president, and George L.
Hartford, chairman of the board
John Hartford was one of the
scores of witnesses at the trial.
The Government contended the
conspiracy was cyried out through
unification of control in the New
York headquarters of the A&P
chiefs, the Hartfords: through al
lowing some stores to operate at
a loss to eliminate competition,
through misuse of profits, obtaining
buying preferences through its "ver
tical integration” price fixing, and
the public concealment of these
practices.
Chemical Tests to Determine
Cause of Mrs. Reynolds' Death
A temporary certificate issued
today by Coroner A. Magruder
MacDonald attributed the death
of Mrs. Evalyn McLean Reynolds,
24, to "acute congestive heart
failure,” but authorities would
not say whether her sudden \
death yesterday was induced by
drugs or a chronic heart condi-1
tion.
Following an autopsy by Deputy
Coroner Christopher J. Murphy, Dr.
MacDonald Said chemical tests
would be made to determine whether
a bottle of sleeping pills found near
the bodv had any connection with
the death.
Homicide Squad Detective Sergt.
Louis M. Snyder conducted whet was
described as a “routine" taveetiga
tion and police announced ffterward
that death was due <6 "apparent
natural causes.”
Wife of Former Senator Reynolds.
Mrs. Reynolds' husband, former
Senator Robert R. Reynolds of North
Carolina, and her mother, Mrs. Eva
lyn Walsh„ McLean, owner of the
Hope diamond, were in seclusion tyt
Friendship, the McLean family man
sion at 3308 R street N.W.
They could not be reached for |
comment. Family friends said Mrs.
Reynolds had been in ill health for
some time.
Dr. MacDonald told reporters he
will issue a final certificate, naming
if possible the cause of death, when
the chemical analysis is returned
sometime next week.
Mrs. Reynolds was found uncon
scious in her bed, dressed in night
clothing, at 4:15 p.m., by Dr. B. W.
Lednard, 1150 Connecticut averthe
N.W., a family physician. Dr.
Leonard said he and a butler were
forced to break down Mrs. Reynolds’
bedroom door when she failed to
answer knocks and rings on the
house telephone.
Failed to Answer Phone.
Dr. Leonard said he tried for more
than an hour to resuscitate Mrs.
Reynolds. He noted the bottle of
sleeping pills in the room at the
time and said death possibly was
caused by an overdose of medicine.
Dr. Leonard and the butler broke
into Mrs. Reynolds’ bedroom, they
•old police, after they were asked to
search for her by her mother. Mrs.
McLean apparently had become
alarmed when her daughter failed
to visit her and after she had at
tempted to speak to her daughter
over the interhome phone system.
When Dr. Leonard entered the
room, a radio was turned on, and a
pet dog was nearby.
Mrs. Reynolds apparently was dead
when Dr. Leonard reached her side,
it was said.
Daughter Is in Delaware.
Mrs. Reynolds flinched with her
husband at 1:15 p.m. and retired to
her room for a nap, as was her
(See-MRS. REYNOLDS7Page~A^27) |
Wallace Vows
Continued Fight
For Principles
Winning the Peace
Is Paramount Issue,
He Says on Radio
(Text of Mr Wallace's speech on
Page A-2)
By Joseph A. Fox
The departure of Henry A.
Wallace from the Cabinet en
abled the Truman administra
tion to present a solid front to
day on the subject of American
foreign policy.
Bui even as the former Commerce
Secretary returned to private life
he served notice he intends to carry
on the campaign for those prin
ciples the militant advocacy of
which resulted in his summary dis
missal by the President yesterday.
In a farewell message to Com.
merce Department employes, the re
tiring Secretary said that he was
resigning 'in order that I may be
free as a private citizen to continue
to fight for world peace'—the same
sentiment he expressed in the brie:
letter of resignation sent to Presi
dent Truman yesterday in response
to the Chief Executive's demand.
In a Nation-wide radio address
last night. Mr. Wallace, whos«
espousal of a "go-easy-with-Ruasia"
policy brought him into conflict
with the White House and State
Department, told his audience that
‘‘winning the peace is more im
portant than high public office. It
is more important than any consid
eration of party politics.”
People's Will Prevails.
“The success of any policy,'’ he
continued, “rests ultimately on the
confidence and will of the people.
There can be no basis for such suc
cess unless the people know and
understand the issues—unless they
are given all the facts—and unless
they seize the opportunity to take
part in the framing of foreign pol
icy through full and open debate.”
Mr. Wallace's immediate course,
however, remained somewhat in
doubt.
Asked whether he was open to
invitations from the PAC or any
other group for speeches, he hesi
tated and then said “I very much
question the wisdom of stirring up
anv controversy right now.”
A reporter then wanted to know
if he would abide by his earlier
pledge of silence until the Pari*
Peace Conference is concluded.
“From the standpoint of anything
literal^ I am free," he replied. “I
havent thought it through yet to
figure out the moral obligation. ’
Porter Seen as Successor.
Tlie first general reaction to the
Wallace ouster was the inevitable
speculation over a successor, and vol
unteer cabinet makers came up with
a list of names that included Earl
Porter, OPA head, who stands high
in the estimation of many Demo
cratic leaders: Eric Johnston, for
mer president of the United State*
Chamber of Commerce—a Repub
lican—and William L. Clayton. Un
dersecretary of State, who made a
fortune in the cotton business.
There was a tendency to write off
the chances of Alfred Schindler,
the Undersecretary of Commerce,
both because of geographical rea
sons—he is a Missourian—and the
added fact that Mr. Schindler re
portedly lias been thinking of re
turning to private life.
The White House said it was too
early t&start discussing possibilities,
and an official there doubted that
the President himself had gi\en any
thought io a successor to Mr. Wal
lace. whose removal was said to
have been decided on "overnight.-’
Political Effect Weighed.
Another question high up In
Washington speculation was the
possible political effect of the ouster
of a prime favorite of the "left
wing-’ voting element of the -coun
try. both in the impending congres
sional elections and in 1948.
The National Citizens Political
Action Committee, at whose rally
in New York last week Mr Wallace
delivered the controversial foreign
policy speech which started all the
trouble, issued a statement declar
ing his removal a blow to the pro
gressive forces of the country and to
the cause of peace.-’ The statement
also assailed Secretary of State
Byrnes as a “reactionary.”
The Executive Board of the Inde
pendent Citizens’ Commute of the
Arts, Sciences and Professions, co
sponsor of the New York meeting,
called upon Mr. Wallace to “carry
the fight to the people." for “rein
stitution of Franklin D Roosevelt-*
policies.
Pepper Sees Wide Reaction.
Senator Pepper. Democrat, of
Florida, who shares Mr. Wallace's
views on Russia, said in Florida that
the firing of the commerce head
"will have far-reaching effects on
the country and probably on tho
Democratic ticket."
Many Democrats figured it would
have an immediate beneficial effect,
for their party by "clearing the air"
of uncertainty which of necessity
would have surrounded the conduct
of this country's foreign affairs had
Mr. Wallace remained in the cab
inet. They believed that the ouster
had gone far to repair the damage
done by the controversy, which came
into full bloom when President Tru
man last Saturday repudiated an
earlier indorsement of Mr. Wallace's
New York speech as a declaration of
United States foreign policy but up
held his right to speak.
Republicans, who have made po
litical capital out of the incident,
called the whole thing a GOP vic
tory. They agreed that Mr. Wallace
should have been removed, but said
that it should have happened earlier,
and laid heavy stress on what they
termed administration "bungling."
Diplomats Debate Action.
In the meanwhile, diplomatic cir
cles debated the dramatic climax
of the international controversy
touched off by the Wallace speech.
Some quarters held that Mr. Tru
man's action in removing Mr. Wal
lace and reaffirming complete confi
dence in Secretary Byrnes would end
the uncertainty over American poli
< See WALLACE^Page