Evening star. [volume], April 08, 1947, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
. . ' ^
Weather Forecast '
sunny this afternoon, high about 60. Cloudy
tonight, low near 46. Tomorrow cloudy
occasional rains by night. w*ay.
Temperetum toifcy—High, so, at 1:16 pjn.;
°7i .«’JYesterday—High, 73,
at 1:55 pjn.; low, 45, at 11:59 pjn.
(F*n *»•« »n Piu *-».»
L<n. Hew y„H, m.A«i., fog, A-17, _
95th YEAR. No. 57,593 Phone NA 8000. WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, APRIL 8, 1947-THlfeTY-FOUR PAGES. *** _» CENTS
~~ ^mmmmmmmmmmmmm—mm— ___
U. 5. Is Hopeful
In Long-Distance
Phone Parleys
Settlement Possible
Today; Talks Held
With Other Unions
Federal Conciliator Peter O.
Manno declared this afternoon
that the Government is “hope
ful” of a settlement today in the
telephone walkout of long-dis
tance system employes. He made
this report as concerted national
and local meetings were under
way here to end the country
wide strike.
Mr. Manno’s comment came while
representatives of the American
Telephone & Telegraph Co. and the
American Union of Telephone
Workers, consisting of long-lines
employes, were conferring at the
Labor Department.!
At the same time, Chesapeake &
Potomac Co. officials and repre
sentatives of the District Federation
of Telephone Workers and the
Washington Telephone Traffic Union
resumed conferences for the first
time since the strike started at 6
a.m. yesterday.
Other Sessions Held.
The session between the company
and the District federation, made
up of maintenance, accounting and
cehar. employes, began at 11 am.
at the Hamilton Hotel. Federal
Conciliator Elmer T. Bell, who ar
vannrsH tha maatino alert VsvAimVit
together officials of the company
and the operators union, the WTTU,
at the hotel at 2 p.m.
Still another important meeting
began this afternoon when the 49
members of the policy committee of
the National Federation of Tele
phone Workers gathered again at
the Statler Hotel.
At the White House Presidential
Secretary Charles G. Ross replied,
"No comment,” when asked if the
Government plans action against
the telephone strikers or John L.
Lewis.
Asked if President Truman had
conferred with Labor Secretary
Schwellenbach on the telephone and
mineworkers situations, Mr. Ross
said "Nothing you would call a con
ference.” He added, of course, the
President knew what was going on.
Earlier Mr. Ross said the Cabinet
would meet tomorrow but would not
discuss the strike.
Basis for Settlement Seen.
Any settlement terms proposed at
the Labor Department conciliation
conference on the long-lines situa
tion would have to be submitted to
the Policy Committee for approval,
John J. Moran, president of the
AUTW, said. Mr. Moran also is
chairman of the NFTW Policy Com
mittee.
Mr. Manno explained that settle
ment of the long-distance phase
would not automatically end the en
tire strike of more than 294,000 tele
phone workers.
It was recalled, however, that a
last-minute settlement in the long
lines division a year ago provided
the base for an agreement for the
whole industry. Federal conciliators
therefore have been concentrating
on this aspect of the national pic
ture.
“We are hopeful that a settlement
will be effectuated in the long lines
today,” Mr. Manno announced.
Mr. Moran remarked that the
question of a settlement was “up to
the company.”
Federal Conciliation Director Ed
gar L. Warren, meanwhile, was con
ferring this afternoon With repre
sentatives of the Southwestern Bell
Telephone Co. and the Southwest
ern Telephone Workers Union.
nm nun n»nun|.
Washington still had greatly cur- 1
tailed long-distance service but
normal operation of the dial system.
About 97 per cent of all telephones
here are on the dial system. The
company handled 2,455 Emergency
long-distance calls from the start
of the strike* at 6 a.m. yesterday to
9 am. today. It normally put
through 25,000 during a 24-hour pe
riod.
Reporting a total of more than
900 managerial, supervisory and
other employes still working, the
company said 584 were on duty this
morning. This compares with a
nbrmal total of 3.257 at that period
of the day.
The company said it had 75 in the
traffic control department, 168 in the
plant maintenance division. 132 in
the eable splicing department. 158 in
the commercial business office and
40 In the accounting department. In
each category the totals were far
below normal. The company de
clared It not only is handling emer
gency long-distance calls but is con
tinuing to operate the three manual
telephone exchanges in the District
and nearby Maryland.
The walkout of maintenance men
(See TELEPHONE, Page A-3.)
Telephone Strike
Delays Moving of
Marshall's Office
Moving of Secretary of State
Marshall's office to the new state
Department building at Virginia
avenue and Twenty-first street N.W.
is being held up by the telephone
strike, it was learned today.
The strike, preventing installation
of telephones in the’ new offices,
came in the midst of transfer of
State Department headquarters from
its traditional home beside the White
House to the newer building orig
inally constructed for the War De
partment.
Officials said it had been planned
to move Secretary Marshall's office
this week, along with that of Under
secretary of State Acheson and
Assistant Secretaries Benton and
Peurifoy and the central secretariat.
TTiey still hope to complete the
move before Gen. Marshall returns
from the Big Four Foreign Ministers
Conference in Moscow.
Approximately 40 per cent of the
State Department personnel already
have been transferred into the new
jffices, officials said.
A
Ford Dies in LamplH Bedroom
On Estate Cut Off by Floods
Magnate Without
Medical Aid When
Stricken Suddenly
By David J. Wilkie
Aliotlotid Prill Automotive Editor
DETROIT, April 8, —In the
flickering light of kerosene
lamps and candles Henry Ford
famed pioneer of the automobile
industry, died of a cerebral
hemorrhage at 11:40 o’clock Iasi
night in his home in nearby
Dearborn. He would have
reached his 84th birthday anni
versary next July 30.
Flood waters of the River Rouge
running through the Ford estate
had cut power and heating service*
at the residence—and a wood-burn
ing fireplace warmed the room.
Deatn came after the noted in
dustrialist hid spent a vigorous day
inspecting flood damage around the
Ford plant and was making plan*
for another inspection this morning
Friends skid he never had ap
peared in better health.
He had returned only a week age
from his annual visit to the Fore
estate near Savannah, Ga., and wa*
planning to celebrate his wife’*
birthday and their 59th wedding
anniversary next Friday.
At his bedside were his wife, Mrs
Clara Bryant Ford, and a membei
of the household staff.
A family statement said he had
retired at 9 pm. and had awakened
at 11:15 p.m., complaining he felt
slightly ill. Mrs. Ford gave him a
drink of water. He died 25 minute*
later.
The statement said that even tele
phone service from the residence wa*
out of commission because of the
flood and that an employe had tc
go to the company’s engineering
laboratory, nearly half a mile from
the residence, to summon a physi
cian.
Dr. John Mateer of the Henry Ford
Hospital, who arrived at 12:15 a.m.
gave the cause of death as cerebral
hemorrhage.
Citizens, Trade Board
Ask Congress to Adopt
D.C. Payment Formula
Back Wider Income Tax,
Break United Front
On 2% Sales Levy
By John W. Thompson, Jr.
Citizen demand grew today at
the Capitol tor a bigger annual
Federal payment toward District
expenses.
Spokesmen for the Board of Trade
and the Federation of Citizens' As
sociations urged a Senate-House
committee to adopt the so-called
Overton-OMahoney-Hebert formula
as a basis for meeting the Capital’s
expected $12,000,000 general fund in
sufficiency for the year beginning
July 1.
The formula would base the an
nual Federal payment on the rela
tion of the tax-free holdings of the
Government to the entire city
acreage exclusive of streets and
parks.
It would yield an estimated $4,
000.000 more than the current $8,
000,000 Federal payment.
Broader Income Tax Favored.
Both groups supported also that
part of the Commissioners’ tax pro
gram calling for a broadened income
tax and for doubling of the liquor
levies. Together they rejected pro
posed taxes on cigarettes, amuse
ments and utilities bills.
In earlier testimony the Com
missioners themselves rejected the
latter two from their schedule.
Tha two organizations, however,
broke their united front over the
proposed 2 per cent sales tax—core
of the Commissioners’ money-rais
ing program and estimated to yield
$9,000,000 in a full year.
Maj. Gen. David McCoach, jr„
speaking for the board, gave con
ditional approval to a sales levy in
the event that Congress failed to
approve either or both the Federal
payment formula and the broadened
income tax.
Federation Against Levy Now.
Kenneth P. Armstrong, for the
Federation, said it opposed the sales
tax until the Federal Government
pays a fair share of city expenses.
Today’s session marked the first
formal opportunity for citizens to
comment directly to the committee
on the tax program. Committee
discussions to date have centered
around the need for money by the
city with only interpolated com
ments on taxes.
Gen. McCoach told the com
mittee the Commissioners have
overestimated their money difficul
ties and underestimated the yield
from their proposed tax program.
That program now consists of six
(See Fiscal, Page A-5.)
■RMMMPHIWV'' m. wramawRimw.
HflVJjy FORD.
—AP Pfcofo.
Funeral services will be held from
St. Paul’s Episcopal Cathedral in
Detroit on Thursday at an hour to
be announced later.
The body was taken to a Detroit
funeral home this morning and will
be returned to the Ford Greenfield
Village to lie in State all day to
morrow.
All Ford operations throughout
the world will be suspended Thurs
day. Flags on all Ford property
will be at half staff until after the
funeral.
Death came to the elder Ford
a little more than a year-and-a-half
after he had relinquished all par
ticipation in the management of
his great company.
When he resigned as president
a second time, a post he again took
over at nearly 80 on the death of
his son, Edsel in Miy, 1943, he said
he wanted to devote more time to
“personal affairs.”
From other quarters, however, it
was said that dissatisfaction on the
part of the younger Ford generation,
particularly Mrs, Edsel Ford, had
(Continued on Page A-4, Column 1.)
U. S. to Throw Open
600.000 Permanent
Jobs in 15 Months
Present War Service
Employes Will Get
Examination Chances
By Joseph Young
Approximately 600,000 perma
nent Government jobs will be
made available during the next
15 months, it was disclosed today
to the House Civil Service Com
mittee.
Civil Service Commissioner Arthur
S. Flemming declared that the
places are now being filled by war
service and temporary employes and
that these workers will have the
chance to take examinations to re
tain them,
Mr. Flemming said the large num
ber of permanent jobs to be avail
able results from the fact that wily
48 per cent or 1,000,000 of the Gov
ernment’s 2,100,000 workers have
permanent status. The remaining
1.100.000 Federal jobs are filled by
war service and temporary em
ployes.
Even More in Prospect.
With the Senate more than likely
to insist on a modification of the
$8)000,000,000 budget slash, even
more than 600,000 Federal jobs
probably will be thrown open on a
permanent basis. The vast person
nel turnover occurring during the
war years, when the Federal service
held no examinations for permanent
positions, is chiefly responsible.
Resignations, retirements, deaths
and ether contingencies also opened
many permanent jobs which had to
be filled on a war service basis.
Commission officials believe that
many war service employes, together
with war veterans and outsiders, will
compete for the 600,000 permanent
places.
Released Workers Considered. j
Chairman Rees said that career j
employes being laid off during the
current reduction In force program
should be given first crack at jobs
in other agencies.
Mr. Flemming replied that the
commission was now advising Fed-,
eral departments to this effect and
that everv effort would be made to
find more career employes.
Mr. Flemming defended the new
regulation decentralizing the activi
ties of the commission and giving
more authority in personnel matters
to various Government depart
ments.
While emphasizing that the com
mission will keep close watch to see
that no violations occur, Mr. Flem
ming said the new system “will
bring about greater efficiency and
i economy" in the Government.
Bill Providing Writ to Halt
Phone Strike Meets Opposition
By tH* Associated Brats
Emergency legislation designed
to halt the telephone strike by
injunction collided with stiff op
position in Congress today as
House Republicans angled for
President Truman's views on re
sorting te court action.
Senate Labor Committee member*
who plan to vote for injunctions
against serious strikes as a long
range policy balked at a bill by
Representative Hartley, Republican,
of New Jersey, which would au
thorise a quick court order to smash
! the phone tieup.
Senator Pepper, Democrat, ef
Florida, another committee member,
| flatly opposed injunctions under any
circumstances in a labor dispute. He
told a reporter tlw phone workers
“probably are entitled to most of
their demands" and that the strike
“may be the only way they ever will
get relief from intolerable working
conditions and pitifully inadequate
pay.”
▲
The feeler for Mr. Truman's views
on the Hartley bill approved by the
House Labor Committee came from
Majority Leader Halleck.
Declaring the measure is ‘‘designed
to deal with this situation,” Mr.
Halleck said in an Interview:
“So far as I know, there has been
no expression from the President on
this bill. Of course, the Republican
Congress stands ready to do any
thing that is right and proper to
protect the national interests.”
The measure, approved last week
by the committee, has not been
called up for floor debate.
The Senate Labor Committee yes
terday received the preliminary draft
of a general labor bill which would
authorize temporary injunctions to
block strikes affecting national
health or safety.
Court orders would be dissolved
after a 00-day mediation effort and
a secret ballot election to determine
whether workers wanted to strike
(See LABOR, Page A-5.)
a i
Lewis Orders
Return to Pits
Classed as Sate
Government Charges
'Face-Saving'; Fines
Up in Court Thursday
By James Y. Newton
John L. Lewis today expressed
'‘gratification” that coal produc
tion yesterday was “substantial”
and told his miners to return to
work "at each mine as fast !as it
Is certified by Federal mine in
spectors as being in conformity
with Federal mine safety code.”
Mr. Lewis telegraphed that mes
sage to his union district heads as
it was learned the Government will
ask Justice T. Alan Golds borough
to withhold action on the return'of
(2,800,000 in contempt fines he
levied against the United Mine
Workers if the work situation in
the coal fields is still confused when
the case comes up in District Court
Thursday.
An official of the Interior Depart
ment, boss of the Government-held
soft coal mines,.described Mr. Lewis’
telegram to union field officers as
‘‘a face-saving device.”
He said revised figures showed that
1,205 mines operated yesterday, in
cluding 500 by the United Mine
Workers. He added the total re
examined by Federal inspectors and
found clear of all code violations
"is nowhere near 500 and that shows
many of Mr. Lewis’ men are ignor
ing instructions.”
Hopes for Safety Laws.
Text of the Lewis telegram today
to district heads follows:
"This office expresses gratification
that production yesterday of re
examined and recertified mines and
strip pits was substantial.
“I confirm policy of immediate re
sumption of production at each mine
as fast as it is certified by Federal
mine inspectors as being in con
formity with Federal mine safety
code.
“Let us all hope that the belated
efforts of the Federal Government to
establish safety in the mines will not
prove to'be a spasmodic gesture and
will pave the way for mandatory
safety legislation by the Federal
Congress.”
As Federal officials watched care
fully the situation in the coal fields
before mapping further action, first
reports today indicated that in
creasing numbers of West Virginia’s
100.000 miners were returning to
work. The reports showed that at
least 30,000 were back on the Job
In the State today, compared with
15.000 yesterday. Officials believe
that by tomorrow night it will be
known the extent of the work stop
page resulting from Mr. Lewis’ sug
gestion that all except two of the
1,531 Government-held mines should
be closed pending re-examination
by Federal inspectors.
The petition of the mine workers’
union for return of the $2,800,000—
inference between the original Dis
trict Court levy and the Supreme
3ourt fine of $700,000—will be heard
Thursday. The court also is sched- ■
iled to determine whether the un
ion and Mr. Lewis have complied
(rith the Supreme Court mandate
to recall the strike-inducing con
tract termination notice of last No
vember.
May Ask Additional Fines.
A hizn official said the White
House, angered by what is described
is Mr. Lewis' "refusal to co-operate”
in the matter of mine safety, fa
vored not only asking Justice Golds
sorough to levy the $2,800,000 as an
idditional fine, but' to hold Mr.
Lewis and the union in contempt
igain and assess additional fines.
Attorney General Clark, however,
was represented as advising against
hasty action. It was said he urged
that the Government wait and see
what happens in the coal fields in
the next few days.
Assistant Attorney General John
P. Sonnett, who prosecuted the con
tempt action, told reporters the
Justice Department is "closely fol
lowing the current situation in the
soft coal fields.”
No Statement on Fines.
He added at a news conference:
“There has been much specula
tion as to what position the Gov
ernment might take on the matter
of the fine which comes up in court
this week. The department has
made no statement and has author
ized no statement on its position,
and no statement will be made prior
to the hearing on Thursday.
“Obviously, we will take a position
at that time. We will have nothing
to say until then.”
The Coal Mines Administration
said 123 mines had received joint
safety certifications by local unions
and operators. These pits were
among the 518 Secretary of Interior
Krug had ordered closed until de
clared safe by the union and man
agement. The office was still tabulat
ing 900 safety certifications, most of
viivm iivui muv uuv»u uuu
involving mines outside of the group
of 518 “dangerous" pits.
Meanwhile, Federal inspectors
were rushing re-examination of the
mines to determine whether they
are in compliance with the Fed
COAL, Page A-4.)
Harry D. White Resigns
Monetary Fund Post
President Truman today accepted
the resignation of Harry D. White
as United States executive director
of the International Monetary Fund
The resignation will be effective
on the return from Europe of Ca
mille Outt, chairman. Mr. White
now is serving as acting chairman.
Mr. White submitted his resigns-!
tion March 31, telling the President i
that he had wanted for some time toi
return to private business, but de
sired to wait until the operations:
of the .Monetary Fund were under
way.
In accepting the resignation, Mr.
Truman praised Mr. White's “cease
less efforts to make a real contribu
tion to the stability of international
trade through the International
Bank, and the International Mone
tary Fund.”
h
Back to Normalcy
- --— -:-:——~—z : z
Special Cabinet Session Called
Tomorrow on Rising Prices
Head of Economic Council Will Review
Trend During First Quarter; Voices Concern
_ . . _ t . It _i ±1___1_
By Josepn a. rox
President Truman today called
a special meeting of his cabinet
tomorrow to consider the prob
lem posed by rising prices.
White House Secretary Charles
D. Ross said Mr. Truman and the
cabinet would hear "an economic
statement on prices” by Dr. Edwin
0. Nourse, chairman of the Presi
dent’s Council of Economic Advisers.
The council called on the President
today.
Mr. Ross said tomorow’s meeting
would make a "general survey of
prices.”
“Perhaps you might call it a sem
inar,’ ’he said.
On leaving the White House, Dr.
Nourse said he had left with the
President a memorandum embody
ing a review of what had happened
to prices during the first quarter
cf this year.
This will serve as the basis for
discussion at tomorrow’s meeting,
uc oniUi auu ao <m*v
council is making.
Asked if he was “frankly wor
ried” about the price situation, Dr.
Nourse said:
“Yes, I am, I think every citizen
is, particularly the economists. We
have to regard it as serious.”
Dr. Nourse told reporters there
have been outstanding illustrations
of industry’s desire to co-operate
by bringing prices down.
At the same time, he said that
industry, handicapped by material
shortages and other problems,
hasn’t been able to make the ad
justments effective enough to take
pressures off of wage earners. • He
cited the Nation-wide telephone
strike and other strike threats as
complicating the situation.
Dr. Nourse expressed hops the
country can get by without another
cycle of major strikes resulting from
lack of general adjustments.
In his Jefferson Day speech Sat
(See pfeidES, Page A-S.)
U. S. Marines' Fight
With Chinese Reds
Described by Writer
Washington Captain Lad
Convoy That Battled
Retreating Communists
By John Roderick
Associated Press Foreign Correspondent
HSINHO, China, April 8.—The
story of how a small band of
United States Marines thwarted
i well-planned attempt by Chi
nese Communists to destroy a
big ammunition dump last Sat
urday was unfolded here today.
Only a small section of the depot
was fired by the Communists. Wit
nesses said it exploded with a great
burst of orange light and a thun
dering roar that smashed windows
for 5 miles around.
As the first American newsman to
reach this village of mud huts west
of Tientsin. I learned how the Ma
rines overcame superior numbers in
a brief but furious battle which cost
the lives of five of the Americans.
Sixteen others were wounded. Of
the 14 still hospitalized 1 is in
critical condition, the other 13 are
making “encouraging progress.”
Funeral Services Tomorrow.
Six Communists were left dead
and many of their comrades fled
along a blood-spotted route across
the chinchung River, 8 miles to the
north. A seventh Chinese—a non
perticipant—was killed by a stray
bullet.
Funeral services for the five dead
Marines will be held tomorrow.
The Reds struck with the advance
aid of what is suspected here of be
ing a fifth column, since they knew
in advance some of the secrets of
Marine communications. Their ap
parent objective: Destruction of all
the ammunition which couldn’t be
carried away.
The attempted coup failed because
the Marines reacted with tvnical
Leatherneck speed and hard-fisted
fighting.
Capt. Henry van Joslin of Wash
ington organized a relief convoy
which clashed with the Commun
ists along the highway as they re
treated.
Before they withdrew the attack
ers set fire to two magazine sheds
containing 105-mm. shells, but mil
(See MARINES, Page A-4.)
Phone Striker Arrested;
Police Say He Swore
The first arrest here In connection
with the telephone strike was made
today.
Robert T. Beveridge, 44, presi
dent of Local 54 of the Western
Electric Co. Plant Workers Union
at Point Breeze, Md.. was charged
with disorderly conduct. Police said
he swore at a truck driver making
a delivery at the Western Electric
Co. in the 1100 block of North Capi
tol street. He forfeited $5 at the
second police precinct and was re
leased.
K
Big 4 Will Quit Soon
Unless'Obstruction'
Ends, Americans Warn
Showdown Is Seen Taking
Shape Between Molotov
And Western Statesmen
BULLETIN
MOSCOW ’(£>).—Soviet For
eign Minister Molotov agreed
under western pressure to
night to halt the long discus
sions of Big Four disagree
ments on current German
problems and to turn to other
matters—the next being the
question of German frontiers.
Iy the Associated Press
MOSCOW, April 8.—American
sources said today that unless
the Russians ceased what the
Americans calied obstructionist
tactics in the Foreign Ministers’
Council the whole conference
could end very soon.
These informants said a show
down was taking shape within the
four-power council between Soviet
Foreign Minister Molotov and the
ministers of the western powers.
The basic issue is whether the
four powers must continue for long
the discussions on current German
problems which have proved fruit
less, or whether they can go on to
frontiers and other matters, with
the possibility of eventual agree
ment on the Austrian treaty.
German Subject Exhausted.
An American official said the
German subject had been talked
out and that all views were known.
He said nothing new could be said,
and that if the Russians were un
willing to go on with other matters,
the conference might as well end.
The Russian proposal to permit
Germany to choose by plebiscite the
form of her future government was
an effort to offset the effect on the
German people of the insistent
Soviet demands far $10,000,000,000
in reparations.
These demands, thus far blocked
by Secretary of State Marshall,
British Foreign Secretary Bevin and
French Foreign Minister Georges
Bidault, have created a problem for
Russia in German politics. This was
regarded by some delegates as the
underlying cause for the plebiscite
proposal, rejected by the western
powers last night.
Austrian Deputies Finish.
The deputy foreign ministers con
sidering the Austrian settlement
wound up their work on the treaty
today and agreed to British and
American suggestions for final ad
journment unless the foreign min
isters themselves could make prog
ress and call them back into session
with new instructions.
The deputies finished a final re
port to the ministers. There are
about 17 important disagreed is
sues in the treaty which only the
foreign ministers themselves can
solve.
The deputies' final discussion cen
(See MOSCOW, Page A-3.) I
£
1). N. Delegates table
Home Offices on Reds'
Proposal on Greek Aid
Gromyko Asks Supervision
Of Program by U. N. After
Scoring 'Unilateral' Step
By th« Associated Cress
LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y., April
8.—Delegates to the Security
Council hurriedly cabled their
governments today for instruc
tions on Russia’s surprise pro
posal which would give the
United Nations the right to su
pervise American aid to Greece.
Soviet Delegate Andrei A. Gro
myko laid the proposal before the
Council last night after he had
vigorously attacked what he called
the “unilateral” action of the
United States and declared Presi
dent Truman’s program to aid
Greece and Turkey constituted in
terference in the internal affairs of
those countries.
Although the soviet resolution,
calling for creation of a special Se
curity Council Commission to su
pervise aid to Greece, did not men
tion the American program spe
cifically, it was pointed out by some
delegates that this was the only
aid in sight at present.
U. S. Acceptance Unlikely.
The first reaction to the Soviet
proposal was that the kind of super
vision it envisaged would definitely
rule out the use of the American
funds for any military purposes.
Since this was one of the primary
aims set forth in the American
program, there appeared to be little
likelihood that the United States
could accept it.
Russia’s resolution will be taken
up Thursday when the Council re
sumes discussion of the Greek ques
tion. At the same time, the Council
will consider an American resolution
proposing that the U. N. Balkan
Investigating Commission keep rep
resentatives in Northern Greece
while the commission’s report is
being drafted in Geneva.
Mr. Gromyko said yesterday that
he could not accept the American
proposal, and objected to any action
on it until some wgrd had been
received from the commission it
self.
i Atom Group Called to Session.
Meanwhile, the 12-nation Working
Committee of the Atomic Energy
Commission was called into session
today to begin discussion privately
on Russia’s basic atomic control pro
posals, which had been referred to
the commission by the Security
Council and then passed on to the
committee. This was the first de
bate on the Soviet measures.
Mr. Gromyko’s move to place aid
to Greece under U. N. supervision
caught the delegates unprepared,
j although the Soviet delegate had
hinfaH at eneK aattan aa rHai* was
terday in his general speech on
the Truman program. He did not
indicate whether he planned addi
tional proposals, but he did lay down
several broad conclusions which
might be used as a basis for action
(See U. N., Page A-5.)
Wallace Arrives in London
On Hunt for 'Progressives'
By tha Associated Press
LONDON, April 8.—Henry A.
Wallace arrived today to start a
two-week tour of Western Europe
in search of what he called "pro
gressive people.” He said he would
not go to Russia.
He brought some eggs from a
new hybrid strain of chickens de
veloped by bis family and said he
hoped to see the line started in
England.
The former Vice President of the
United States said he hoped to find
in England, Scandinavia and France
“those forces that believe most
heartily in the unity of the world
on behalf of peace.”
"I call those forces the progres
sives, people who look ahead, not
back; up, not down,” Mr. Wallace
said.
He will make four speeches .this
week end under sponsorship of a
Leftist weekly, New Statesman and
IJption, and will talk privately with
members of Parliament at the
House of Commons next Wednesday.
His tour will include Stockholm,.
Oslo, Copenhagen and Paris.
Red Tide Feared
By Vandenberg,
UrgingGreekAid
Senate Is Told World
Faces Alternative
Of 'Chain Reaction'
•y th* Auociatad Prni
Senator Vandenberg, Repub
lican, of Michigan called on the
Senate today to approve military
and financial aid to Greece and
Turkey in order to prevent “a
chain reaction which would
threaten peace and security
around the globe.”
Far from “bypassing” the United
Nations, Senator Vandenberg de
clared in a Senate speech, the pro
posed $400,000,000 aid program is
"the greatest act of voluntary al
legiance to it • * * an act of total ,
faith.”
Thus without mentioning Andrei
A. Gromyko by name, the Foreign
Relations Committee chairman re
plied to the Soviet representative’s
assertion to the Security Council
yesterday that the United States
had “disregarded” U. N.’s authority,
"bypassing” the organization, and
undermining its power.
“I know of no better way to ‘de
give it a specific job which it is
neither intended nor prepared to
do,” Senator Vandenberg said.
Task Would Destroy, He Says’.
“In no available aspect should we
bypass its functions. But in no
available aspect should we ruin its
potential by assigning to it func
tions which it does not possess. Such
an assignment would destroy it for
keeps.
“Meanwhile, under such circum
stances as in the present instance.
Greece would sink into the Com
munist orbit and the fateful chain
reaction would set in both East
and West.”
Leading off the debate which may
continue for a week or more, Sen
ator Vandenberg assured the Sen- ^
ate that: i'
There is no new “doctrine”—such r
as the Monroe Doctrine—in Amerl- ,
can aid to distressed nations.
The plan is not “imperialistic'*
but is intended to "forestall ag
gression which, once rolling, could
snow-baU into global danger of vast
design.” .
The United States is “not ‘bailing ’
out the British Empire.’ ”
And—
“We plot no offense against tha
Soviet Union.
Fears Another Dictatorship.
Senator Vandenberg told the Sen
ate that “the plain fact” seems to
be this:
“If the Greeks, in their extremity,
are not successfully helped to help
themselves to maintain their own
healthy right of self -determination,
another Communist dictatorship will
rise at this key point in world
geography.
“Then Turkey, long mobilized
against a Communist war of nerves,’
faces neighboring Jeopardy.
“The two situations are insep
arable.”
The tall Michgan lawmaker, ad
viser to the State Department on
foreign policy, declared: "The Mid
dle East, in this foreshortened world,
is not far enough for safety from
our own New York or Detroit or
Chicago or San Francisco.”
“That’s where we come In,” he
said.
“Do we face It now or later?
Which is the wiser course? Which
holds the better promise of hon
orable peace?” ,
He said the President had an
swered this way: "If we falter in
our leadership, we may endanger
the peace of the world—and we shall
surely endanger the welfare of our
own Nation.”
Danger in Delay Cited.
Senator Vandenberg said the For
eign Relations Committee, in ap
proving the aid .bill unanimously,
had done so "in the profound be
lief that we Americans have an
unescapable stake in all human
rights and fundamental freedoms;
and that they were better saved—
for us as well as others—by ade
quate and timely sunp&t than by
waiting for cumulative hazard to
magnify the risk.”
“If we were to reject the plan
in its basic purpose.” he declared,
“we would give the ‘green light’
to aggression everywhere.
“Our moral authority and leader
ship would die on the SDOt. We
would multiply our own hazards.
We would weaken the United Na
tions by multiplying its subsequent
responsibilities.”
Earlier, Senator George, Demo
crat, of Georgia asserted that Mos
cow is attempting to stall aid to
Greece and Turkey.
Senator George told a reporter
he places no faith in Mr. Gromyko’s
proposal for the U. N. to furnish
“real aid” to Greece. This con
trasted with President Truman’s
proposal to bolster the two countries
against the threat of communism
by financial and limited military
help.
Would Expect Bed Veto.
"I haven’t any moral doubt that
despite Mr. Gromyko’s statements
(See FOREIGN, Page A-5.)
Greek Troop Evacuation
Of Two Towns Reported
By the Associated Press
ATHENS, April 8.—The liberal
newspaper Vima reported today
that Greek government forces, for
strategic reasons, nan evacuate a
the towns of Avgherinos and Pen- .
talofoe, situated southwest of K&s
toria near the Albanian frontier.
The paper did not further ex
plain the withdrawal, but declared
that terrified residents of the two
villages had fled to the nearest
towns to see refuge from guerilla
bands.
At the same time, other Athens
papers reported that government
troops, carrying out mopping up
operations in the Mount Pa Ikon re
gion northwest of Salonika, had
slain 100 guerrillas and captured #0.
1