Evening star. [volume], April 20, 1948, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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LEWIS FINED $20,000, UNION $1,400,000
New Regime Will Exclude Reds,
De Gasperi Aide Says, as Count
Shows Anti-Communist Sweep
Christian Democrats :
May Obtain Absolute
Parliament Majority
ly th» Associated Press
ROME. April 20.—Returns from
Italy’s crucial elections indicated
today a smashing anti-Commu
nist victory and Vice Premier
Giuseppe Saragat announced
‘‘the Communists will not be ad
mitted into Italy's new govern
ment.”
Mr. Saragat, head of the anti
Communist Socialists, told news
men:
‘•The Italian election means a re
birth of democracy in Europe. The
victory of democratic forces is a
great setback to Russia and Com
munist plans for expansion.
"Italy is now a part of Western
Europe and not of the Balkans.”
The returns from three-fourths of
Italy’s senatorial districts showed
the anti-Communist parties 2 to 1
ahead of the Communist-led Popular
Front coalition.
Re Gasperi May Get Majority.
Premier Alcide de Gasperi’s Amer
ican-backed Christian Democratic
Party had almost half the total votes
in the election test between the East
and the West, and may yet get an
absolute majority.
The returns indicated that the
Christian Democrats, wtih the aid
of other anti-Communist. parties,
including Mr. Saragat's Socialists,
would have undisputed control of
both the Senate and the Chamber
of Deputies.
Keeping the Communists out of
the Italian Republic's new govern
ment would represent a further vic
tory for the West. The Communists,
whom Mr. de Gasperi tossed out of
the present government in May,
• **
Popular Front Ahead,
Daily Worker Claims,
Charging Distortion
Sy tht Associated Press
NEW YORK. April 20.—The
Daily Worker, official Commu
nist Party organ in the United j
States, claimed in headlines j
today: “Popular Front Leads
in Italy—Government, United1
States Press Distort Results.”
A story datelined from Rome j
by' John Gates, Daily Worker |
editor, said. "The government J
has been hand-picking for the
first returns those areas where
it usually gets majorities. In
this way it is trying to help the
press convey a distorted im
pression."
1947. were making a supreme bid for f
power in the election.
The Interior Ministry's tabula
tions on the Senate vote, counted
first, gave the Christian Democrats!
8.171,569. or 47.4 per cent of the
vote. The Popular Front coalition
of Communist and left wing Social
ists got 5.382,976 votes, or 31.3 per
cent.
Anti-Red Total Growing.
Returns from 4,478 of 41.525 sec
tions in the vote for the Chamber
gave the Christian Democrats 2,131,
608. the Front 936,207, and the anti
communist Socialists 269,393.
The votes for minor parties swell
ed the anti-Communist total. ■,
Mr. de Gasperi said the returns
were beyond his fondest dreams.
The Communists had little to say.
Pietro Ingrao, director of the Com
munist newspaper L'Unita. said in a
formal statement that the Front
“without doubt will represent a de
cisive element in the future Parlia
ment and in the country.”
Pope Pius XII. smiling happily,
told American newsmen he will give
them a formal statement within a
day or two. There was no mistak
ing the Pope's obvious satisfaction
with the returns thus far in this;
monumental struggle between Mos-1
cow and the west.
“Red North" Invaded.
The Vatican - backed Christian i
Democrats triumphantly invaded!
the co-called "Red North.” Returns;
in Milan showed the Christian Dem-!
oerat Party and its allies running!
(See ITALY, "PageA-4. > ~
Italian Arms Dump
Near Milan Raided
•y Associated Press
MILAN. Italy, April 20.—Milan
police said unknown attackers raid
ed an army munitions dump near
here early today.
It was the second such attack re
ported in this area. Government
troops repelled the other two nights
•go.
Police said the attack was re
ported from Porto San Rocco, 55
miles southeast of Milan. *
Police at Codogno, a small Po
River town near the army dump,
confirmed that a raid was made,
but said they had no more informa
tion.
An army officer was shot in the
arm at Pavia early Sunday when
raiders on barges fired on sentries
at the munitions dump there. That
Incident is under investigation.
In Milan itself, things are quiet,
respite fears expressed by police
that trouble might pop up in Sesto
San Giovannia, the city's reddest
industrial suburb.
One police official there said fac
tories are operating normally, al
though Communist workers are in
low spirits as they watch the vote
tabulations tell of an anti-Commu
Mat victory.
U.S. Willing to Send Troops
To Palestine if Others Do So
Direct Talks Have Failed, Austin Tells U. N.;
Wants Participating Governments Selected
By the Associated Press
LAKE SUCCESS, April 20.—
The United States said today it
would provide troops for Pales
tine if other countries to be se
lected by the United Nations
would join them.
Warren R. Austin, American chief
delegate, told the special Palestine
Assembly’s 58-Nation Political Com
mittee that his government "is not
prepared to act alone m this matter.”
Mr. Austin admitted that direct
talks with certain governments over
furnishing troops so far had been
fruitless.
Pleading for UN Assembly accept
ance of the American program for
a temporary UN trusteeship in the
j Holy Land in lieu of partition, Mr.
Austin said:
Britain Will Get Billion
Under ERP, Hoffman
Reveals to Committee
Long-Secret Figures
Released as Head of
ECA Begins Testimony
Britain is due for a $1,324,300,
1000 slice of the $5,300,000,000
European Recovery Program,
Congress learned today.
The next biggest aid allotments,
all of them tentative, are: $1,130,
800.000 to France* $703,600,000 to
Italy, $599,600,000 to the Nether
lands and $437,400,000 to the United
States-British zones of Western
Germany.
In translating the dollars into the!
things Western Europe needs most
to regain its economic feet, the
recovery program planners expect
to spend $957,200,000 for grain, $511.
300.000 for cotton. $379,700,000 for
petroleum and $110,200,000 for to
bacco.
These and many other long-secret
figures were submitted to the House
Appropriations Committee by Paul
G. Hoffman, economic aid adminis
trator.
They were made public by the
committee as it summoned Mr.
Hoffman to a. closed session this
morning to determine how much
money Congress should make avail
able for the actual operation of the
program.
In passing the EuropeanRecovery
Act earlier this month, the law
makers simply gave the go-ahead
signal, leaving the issue of funds
■ co be decided later. But to provide
a quick start, Congress said the Re
construction Finance Corp. could
put up $1.000.000,000—that sum to
be repaid later out of the ERP ap
propriation.
Also, of the total another $1,000,
000.000 is to be raised by Export
~<SeeFOREiGN~AID, Page A-6.)
Carolina Negroes Vote
Freely After 72 Years
By tht Associated Press
COLUMBIA, S. C.. April 20.—
Negroes voted freely here today in
a meaningful South Carolina elec
tion for the first time in 72 years.
Those with registration certifi
cates for a city general election
May 11 were invited by State
Democratic Chairman W. P. Baskin
to vote in today’s city Democratic
primary to nominate two Council
candidates.
Mr. Baskin's invitation came
after the Supreme Court yesterday
refused to review a district court
ruling that Negroes could vote in
the State's heretofore all-white pri
maries.
In 1876, Wade Hampton was
elected Governor of the State. The
I red shirts, foes of carpetbaggers
and scalawags who were in power,
! steered his election to success.
Late News
Bulletins
House Votes D. C. Rent Bill
The House today passed and
sent to conference with the
Senate a bill to extend the
District Rent Act with some
modifications to March 31 next
year. Action on a bill to give
the city daylight savin# time
was delayed until tomorrow.
(Earlier Story on Page A-4.)
Bill Passed Over Veto
The Senate today overrode
President Truman’s veto and
made into law a bill to ex
clude certain newspaper and
magazine sellers from the so
cial security program. The
vote was 77 to 7. The House
voted 307 to 28 last week to
override the veto.
“The United States is willing to
undertake its share of responsibility
for the provision of police forces
which are required during a truce
and temporary trusteeship, along
with other members who may be
selected by the General Assembly
and who are willing to carry out
'such a task in accordance with the
will of the Assembly and with the
provisions of the charter.
"While the United States is pre
pared to carry its fair share of the
U. N. burden involved in such a
temporary trusteeship, it is not pre
pared to act alone in this matter.
Our participation will be condi
tioned upon a readiness of other
governments to provide similar
assistance.”
Mr. Austin did not specify which
(See PALESTINE, Page A-6.)
Norman Thomas Says
Truman Urges Draft
To Cover Up Confusion
Socialist Leader Tells
Hearing President Seeks
Substitute for Policy
BULLETIN
Socialist Norman Thomas
today told the House Armed
Services Committee that he
believed many conscientious
Americans will disobey a peace
time draft law, if one is
passed, and said he does not
believe “it* will be limited to
objections on the color line.”
By Robert K. Walsh
Norman Thomas, Socialist
Party leader, today accused
President Truman of having
“sprung” a peacetime draft pro
posal on the country in order to
cover up the administration’s
“confusions.”
Testifying as president of the
Postwar World Council at public
hearings before the House Armed
Services Committee on a proposed
Selective Service bill, Mr. Thomas
asserted that the President W'as mak
ing "an otfcious effort to substitute
strength for a policy.”
He said Mr. Truman had recom
mended selective service and uni
versal military training without
having consulted "any responsible
member of Congress or of the na
tional committee of his own party.”
Mr. Thomas also assailed Henry
i A. Wallace's “appraisal of the in
ternational Communist movement."
He said Mr. Wallace opposed UMT
and the draft at a time when the
Communists in the United States
favored it. He said he also op
posed “peace by appeasement” of
Russia or any other nation.
Sees Move Toward War.
"The Communist movement,” Mr.
Thomas declared, “is aggressively
totalitarian as nothing else in the
world has been totalitarian. It is
a complete betrayal of true .social
ism. My point is that this evil
will not be cured by war and that
the current hysteria of which the
proposal for a peacetime draft, now
before you, was born and to which
it contributes, leads toward war and
not toward constructive peace.”
As an alternative to the admini
stration's proposals,* Mr. Thomas
recommended universal disarma
ment under effective international
control. He said he did not under
estimate the difficulties of such a
plan, particularly in view of prob
able refusal of Russia to adopt such
world controls for disarmament.
“But their refusal need not be
forever,” he continued. "Ideas
march on. No iron curtain is com
pletely impenetrable."
Must Make Democracy Work.
Mr. Thomas added that disarma
ment alone, even under effective
controls, would not guarantee peace.
“We are confronted with other
economic and political tasks,” he
said. "We must ' make our own
democracy work. Who, for in
stance, will trust us as the guard
ians of the freedom of the Italian
people if we cannot or will not pro
tect the citizens of Georgia against
the outrageous infamies of a re
vival of the Klu Klux Klan.”
Mr. Thomas reported that on a
recent Nation-wide trip he found a
widespread belief that w e are being
victimized by a kind of ‘flim-flam
game' because what thf Army wants
(See DEFENSE, Page A-7T.1
» __—
'Voice' Jamming Traced
To Radio at Khabarovsk
ly the Associated Press
MANILA. April 20.—Radio jam
ming of “Voice of America" broad
casts to the Par East comes from
the high-power Russian station at
Khabarovsk, 400 miles north of
Vladivostok, American ships reported
today.
The source of the interference
with the American broadcasts was
fixed by American ships at sea
which took bearings on the jamming
station.
rmAf?WHATTDONfT LIKE S
(ABOUT FREE AND UNFETTERED]
\ ELECTION
' VAovptoV^
DAR Renews Stand on Defense,
Urges Members to Expose Reds
Adequate Preparedness Program Asked;
MacArthur Message Read at Session
(DAR Program and Pictures on
Page B-l.)
The Daughters of the Amer
ican Revolution today re-em
iphasized their stand for military
preparedness by calling on Con
gress for an immediate program
“fully adequate to the defense of
our country in any circum
stance.”
In another resolution unanimously
approved at today's session of the
57th Continental Congress at Con
stitution Hall, the daughters re
affirmed a resolution of last year
urging the membership to recognize
and expose communism “wherever
it is seeking to entrench itself or
has already done so.”
Mrs. Roscoe C. O'Bvrne. presi
dent general, called for a stronger
vote on the military preparedness
resolution than was given originally.
The daughters responded w'ith loud
"ayes” and clapping.
In a message from Tokyo, read to
the Congress. Gen. MacArthur wrote
that when he was inspecting the
fire-demolished chancery building of
the American Embassy "at the end
of bloody Pacific trail,” he came on
an undamaged portrait of George
Washington.
"It seemed peculiarly appropriate
that he should be there, calmly
awaiting the arrival of American
arms,” the general wrote.
“For it is from the example of
his wise and resolute leadership it
releasing the forces of human free
( See DAR, Page A-6.)
Taft Sees 131 Billion
For Defense Possible
Without New Revenue
Leaves UMT Fund Out
Of Figures; Adjournment
Still Sought June 19
By J. A. O'Leary
Chairman Taft of the Senate
Republican Policy Committee
estimated today Congress could
appropriate up to $13,500,000,000
for national defense at this ses
sion without the necessity of
raising any new revenues.
The administration recentlv rec
ommended that $3,000,000,000 be
added to its original January na
tional defense budget of $11,000,000,
000, making a total of $14,000,
000.000.
In his calculation, Senator Taft
eliminated $500,000,000 for the first
year of a universal military train
ing program, presumably because he
believes UMT is not likely to pass
this year.
Hope to Adjourn June 19.
The Ohio Senator told reporters
after a meeting of the Policy Com
mittee that Republican leaders are
still hoping to adjourn Congress
June 19, the week end before the
Republican convention.
He added, however, that whether
this goal is achieved depends on how
long it takes to complete the na
tional defense program and the anti
lynching bill which is to follow it.
The Policy Committee was in
formed today that the Senate
Armed Services Committee may not
have the military manpower bill,
involving revival of the draft and
UMT, ready before the end of next
week.
Delayed by Disagreement.
Th4t committee has been delayed
by inability of the Army. Navy and
Air Force to agree thus far on how
the $3,000,000,000 of additional de
fense budget should be apportioned
among the services.
Senator Taft told reporters he
| favors in principal building the Air
Force up to 70 groups, but is not
ready to commit himself on the
specific appropriation that should
be made this year to start that pro
gram, because he is not certain of
| its relation to the needs of the
other services.
Manassas Boy Dies as Car
Strikes Bridge in Fairfax
John Douglas Ashby. 16. Manassas.
Va„ was killed today when the au
tomobile in which he was a pas
senger struck a bridge on Lee high
way just east of Centreville, Fair
fax County.
County police said the driver of
the car was H. G. Speaks, 24, also
of Manassas, who told them he fell
asleep at the wheel. The accident
occurred about 3:15 a.m. Speaks
was released under $100 bond pend
ing a hearing on a technical charge
of manslaughter.
Dewey to Campaign
10 Days in Oregon,
Beginning on May 1
Governor Will Visit Other
Northwestern States;
May Stay 3 Weeks
By the Associated Press
ALBANY, N. Y.. April 20.—Gov,
Dewey announced today he
would campaign for the Repub
lican presidential nomination
in Oregon for at least 10 days,
beginning with a speech in Port
land May 1.
Gov. Dewev will fly from New
York to Portland on April 30 and
arrive several hours before he is
scheduled to address the annual
convention of the Oregon State
Junior Chamber of Commerce.
Gov. Dewey also announced that
tye would visit some other States in
the Pacific Northwest. He will not
! go into California however. His
practice has been not to invade a
State that has a strong favorite son
candidate.
Gov. Earl Warren of California
is one of the five avowed candidates
for the Republican presidential
nomination.
Three Weeks in Northwest.
It is expected that Gov. Dewey
will remain in the Northwest for
approximately three weeks and that
he will visit Washington, Montana
and possibly Nevada.
His secretary, Paul E. Lockwood,
is in Oregon arranging speaking
dates.
Gov. Dewey said he planned to
give "several" speeches in the State.
These will not be delivered in suc
cession. He will make forays into
other States and return to Oregon
for a windup campaign.
Two of his campaign assistants,
j Hamilton Gaddis and Jules Bulces,
! are leaving later this week to assist
Mr. Lockwood with arrangements.
Gov. Dewey termed “excellent”
' the designation of Gov. Dwight
Green of Illinois as keynoter and
temporary chairman of the GOP
National Convention in June.
Gov. Dewey's decision to campaign
extensively in Oregon was fore
shadowed by his defeat at the hands
of Harold E. Stassen in Wisconsin
and Nebraska.
Gov. Dewey and Mr. Stassen $re
<See“DEWEY, Page A-6.t
Slayer, 1J, Sentenced
In Chicago to 22 Years
ly th« Associated Pross
CHICAGO, April 20—Howard
Lang. 13, youngest murder de
fendant in Chicago history, was
sentenced to 22 years' imprisonment
today for killing his 7-year-old
playmate.
Lang confessed he killed Lonnie
Fellick last October 18 in a forest
preserve. He stabbed him and
crushed his head with a rock, after
forcing a third boy to hold the
victim’s legs.
Lang’s mother. Mrs. Alma Lang,
who has been married five times,
wept when sentence was passed by
Judge Daniel A. Roberts.
Sentencing to Jail
For Civil Contempt
Possible on Friday
Goldsborough's Decision
Based on 'Circumstances';
UMW Lawyer Reprimanded
By James Y. Newton
John L. Lewis today was fined $20,000 and the United Mine
Workers $1,400,000 for criminal contempt of court. Justice T. Alan
Goldsborough. who imposed sentence, said he would like to have
jailed Mr. Lewis.
The District Court judge postponed until Friday imposition of
sentence for civil contempt, the second count of the guilty verdict
the court returned against Mr. Lewis and the UMW yesterday for
flouting a court order to call off the soft coal strike.
Thus, the possibility of jail and heavier fines hang like a club over
the heads of Mr. Lewis and the mine workers. Assistant Attorney
General H. Graham Morison said frankly the purpose of delay in
sentencing on the second count was to see whether the 400.000 mineri
now settle down to full working schedules. He added he might recom
mend a jail sentence Friday if the miners are idle.
There is no legal limit to the penalties for civil contempt.
In dealing out the stiff fines, Justice Goldsborough followed recom
mendations of the Justice Department, given him by Mr. Morison. In
accepting Government suggestions of penalties, the judge said:
"If this court were to use its individual judgment, it would impost
a prison sentence on the individual defendant iMr. Lewis
City Heads to Appoint
7-Man Committee to
Set Up Loyalty Check
Corporation Counsel's
Representative Will
Direct Study Group
By Jerry O'Leary, Jr.
The Commissioners decided
today to appoint a seven-man
committee, headed by a rep
resentative of the corporation
counsel’s office, to explore the
problems and procedures of the
loyalty probe, they plan for the
city’s 18,000 employes.
The committee to set up the
investigative machinery also will in
clude a police department repre
sentative, a representative of the
personnel board, a representative of
the executive branch of the city
government (Secretary to the Com
missioners Geoffrey M. Thornett's
office) and one representative from
the offices of each of the three
Commissioners.
In announcing today’s move.
Charles Stofberg. special assistant
to the Commissioners, emphasized
that the inquiry has not yet been
officially authorized. He character
ized the move as a "first step.”
Prompted by IT. S. Program.
Mr. Stofberg said the city heads
acted after reading a letter received
earlier this month from Harry B.
Slitchell. president of the Civil
Service Commission, which said the
commission has no authority to ex
tend its loyalty program to District
employes.
"The committee set up today will
explore all phases of the proposed
loyalty check and report to the
Commissioners when they have
worked out suitable machinery for
conducting the investigation,” Mr.
Stofberg said. ,
He said the check was prompted
by the Federal program and not by
“any indication of disloyalty” by
District employes.
He said the proposal of Com
missioner John Russell Young for a
Police Missing Persons' Bureau and
special investigations squad to do
the checking, was not discussed at
today's meeting.
Chief Yet to Be Chosen.
He added that the Commissioners
had not yet selected the assistant
corporation counsel who will head
the Loyalty Committee. The com
mittee, however, will be expected to
prepare recommendations on pro
cedure and policy, Mr. Stofberg said,
and make recommendations to the
Commissioners on their findings.
It was understood at the District
Building that Mr. Stofberg would
serve as representative of Commis
sioner John Russell Young's depart
ment and that Engineer Commis
sioner Gordon R. Young probably
would appoint Lt. Col. Kenneth E.
Madsen to represent him. Com
missioner Guy Mason, who said
earlier he approved of a loyalty in
vestigation for the District, has not
yet selected his representative.
Korean Rightist Departs
For Soviet Zone Parley
ly the Associated Press
SEOUL, Korea, April 20.—Rightist
Kim Koo left secretly last night to
attend a Soviet-sponsored North
Korean political conference. A few
hours earlier he predicted he might
wind up in Siberia for earlier anti
communist talks.
American occupation authorities
made no effort to halt Kim’s trip.
In fact, they intimated it would be
a good thing for the South Koreans
to get into the Soviet-occupied zone
to see what Communism had to
offer.
Liberal Kimm Kiu-sic said North
Korean authorities had accepted his
conditions for attending the meeting
and that he would leave in a few
days.
Kim Koo. Kimm Kiu-sic and 13
South Korean Communists were
invited to attend the meeting, at
Pyongyang, the Soviet occupation
capital. . i
Miners in Field
Differ on Next
Move After Fine
At Least 75,000 Out
Today in Protest on
Lewis' Conviction
By th* Associated Press
PITTSBURGH. April 20.—
United Mine Worker leaders said
today it was “anybody’s guess
what the miners would do about
!the $1,420,000 in fines slapped on
them and John L. Lewis.
Already more than a fourth of the
soft coal diggers were idle in re
sentful protest against the contempt
| of court conviction of their Anion
; chief.
1 Reaction to the fines levied in
! Washington today ranged from the
■ bitter “It's a dirty deal," voiced by
Morgan (Pa.) miners, to relief on
the part of one UMW official.
“That wasn’t so bad,” declared a
representative of UMW Dictrict 5 in
Pittsburgh. "A jail sentence would
have been bad. All the miners would
have gone out then, and that's for
I sure.”
Says Issue Is Unsettled.
Frank Hughes, president of UMW
District 3 in the Greensburg <Pa.'i
fields, declared fining Mr. Lewis and
the union would not settle the issue.
“We’ll just have to wait and see,’’
he said, adding he thought the final
answer would be given by the Su
preme Court. -s
"This gives the operators another
chance to hide behind the Govern
ment’s skirts," declared Joe Lever
otti. Morgan miner.
“There’ll be another bout in June
when the contract expires. We still
and always will stick to our policy
of ’no contract, no work.’ added
Baldine Demarco, 35, of Morgan,
recording secretary of UMW Local
2,563.
Mr. Demarco added that he
: “didn’t know’.’ what effect the fine
would have on the miners as far
as work was concerned.
See ‘Long Strike’.
i “If the case had been thrown out
1
of court when the pensions were
granted we’ve have been back 100
i per cent now," Mr. Demarco con
tinued. "That’s what this walkout
was about. That s all we wanted."
Unidentified miners at one Ohio
mine said “it’s going to be a long
strike unless Justice Goldsborough’s
decision is changed."
The anthracite collieries were
working full strength in Scranton,
Pa., but Michael J. Kosik. president
of UMW District 1. said as his per
sonal opinion:
“It is a shame John L. Lewis and
the United Mine Workers are sin
gled out for such punishment. There
are other unions in the United States
and there have been other work
stoppages."
Another UMW leader in the an
thracite fields termed the fining a
‘‘Fascist and Nazi decision.”
Attack Is Bitter.
Joseph Kershetsky, president of
UMW District 9 at Pottsville, Pa.,
declared:
"I think it is a Fascist and Nazi
decision. That's what they did in
Germany. They defeated the labor
movement, then went after the Jew
ish people and crucified them. I
have no other comment to mak''."
Coal miners around Frostburg.
iMd., were insistent that the con
I tempt of court fines imposed on Mr.
Lewis and the union itself are too
high and some of them forecast^the
; '(See MINERS."Page A-5.i
Singapore Is Paralyzed
By Dock Workers' Strike
By ♦h« Associated Pre»*
" SINGAPbRE, April 20. — The
great port of Snigapore was para
lyzed bv strikes today. Only three
of the 30 ships in the harbor were
unloading.
Harbor officials said a dock work
ers' wage strike, called by the Singa
pore Harbor Labor Union, is now
completely in effect. Some 6.000
men are out.
About 2.500 stevedores also are
idle.
Stevedores unloaded three ships
after one labor contractor met
union demands for an 85 per cent
pav increase. Other contractors re-.
, fused to meet the demands.
I
> Bows to Circumstances.
But, the jurist said, "we have to
accommodate ourselves to circum
stances and this is a very unusual
situation. The health, welfare and
lives of 143.000,000 people are in
volved as well as this country's com
mitments to foreign nations which
must be met.”
The "circumstances" to which
Justice Goldsborough bowed are the
low industrial stocks of coal in the
country and the fear of another
Nation-wide coal strike if Mr, Lewis
were sent to jail.
However, there were signs in the
I coal fields that the miners were
I leaving the job anyway. Some of
the miners said they would stay
away from work if Mr. Lewis and
the UMW were fined. More than
one-fourth of the miners already
were idle this morning in fresh
walkouts stemming from yesterday’s
convictions.
Courtroom Crowded.
Justice Goldsborough pronounced
sentence in a tense and crowded
;courtroom. Additional hundreds of
I persons gathered outside the court
building for a glimpse of Mr. Lewis,
probably expecting that he would
! be hauled off to jail.
Immediately after sentence was
imposed, Welly K. Hopkins, chief
Lewis counsel, informed Justice
Goldsborough that he was appealing
the verdict and sentences. The
judge gave the defense until to
morrow morning to post bond of
$1,420,000 pending outcome of appeal.
Mr. Hopkins said bond would be
made late today or tomorrow.
Mr. Lewis sat impassively, without
show of any emotion, as the court
pronounced sentence on him. He
heard Mr. Morison read the five
page recommendations of the Gov
ernment, and Mr. Hopkins describe
the whole court action as "political
intrigue.” For his remarks, Mr.
Hopkins W'as reprimanded sharply
by the judge.
Green Issues Statement.
After Justice Goldsborough acted,
AFL President William Green is
isued a statement saying that pun
ishment of labor or labor leader*
! for exercising the right to stop
work “will cause resentment in the
| minds of those directly concerned
j and by those who are indirectly
! affected.” Mr. Green added:
“The best interests of the Gov
ernment would be served if its rep
resentatives would stop immedi
ately their attempt to prosecute
and punish the mine workers and
their leaders and instead concen
| trate their efforts toward bringing
j about full production in sufficient
volume to meet the maximum na
tional needs.”
Eighteen month* ago. Justice
Goldsborough fined Mr. Lewis
$10,000 and the UMW $3,500,000 for
ignoring a similar District Court
order to call off a coal strike. Later,
the Supreme Court in upholding
conviction, allowed the Lewis fine
to stand but reduced the union
penalty to $700,000.
Second Offense Mentioned.
The penalties assessed today were
double those the Supreme Court
allowed to stand in the December,
1946, case. Mr. Morison pointed out
; that since it was a second offense
! the Government thought the pen
alties should be doubled.
Mr. Lewis said nothing during the
entire proceeding. Justice Golds
borough, before passing sentence,
asked him if he cared to say any
thing about his financial condition.
Hr. Hopkins replied that it was the
same as in 1946, that Mr. Lewis’
(See COAL, Page A-5.)
Criminal Contempt
Is Punitive and Civil
Reimburses Plaintiff
Attorneys explained today
that criminal contempt is pun
itive in nature and is for the
purpose of assessing penalties
for the affront to the dignity
of the court.
Civil contempt, on the other
hand, is more conpensatory or
remunerative in nature, for the
purpose of reimbursing the
plaintiff — the Government in
this instance--for damages sus
tained.
In either criminal or civil
contempt, a Jail sentence may
be imposed, either for a specified
period or a penalty, or for an
indeterminate period running
until the defendant purges him
self of the act for which he ha*
been found in contempt.