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Russian Note Episode Sure to Be Debated By Congress, People Lack of Vision Shown By Truman and Marshall On 'Op«n Door' Quibbling By David Lawrence Members of Congress have been talking a good deal among them selves about the exchange of notes between the United States and Rus sia and their reactions range all the way from puzzlement and dismay to grave concern. The main preoccupation seems to be that at a critical moment in the history of the United states, when billions upon billions of dollars are being appropriated to strengthen defenses and a peacetime conscrip tion bill Is under consideration, there should be such confusion about American foreign policy. To argue that the Russians In discreetly made a note public that should have been kept confidential merely Implies that perhaps the American Government was trying to do something clandestinely which It was not willing to avow publicly. To say that the outstanding differ ences can best be approached through the machinery of the United Nations Is to allow the im pression to be built that questions which have hitherto been regarded as outside the U. N. and subject to four-power or five-power considera tion now should be taken up by the U. N. Both Implications are er roneous but they could De derived from the administration's clumsy statements. Vision Shown Lacking. The fact is that the President and the Secretary of State were caught off base. Even if the pub lication by Russia of the notes was a clever piece of propagandizing, the administration showed Itself not quick-witted enough to take the ball on the rebound and turn it to the advantage of this country in public declarations. What is lacking is vision and imagination—both of which are the primary attributes of statesmanship. The spectacle of the President and the Secretary of State quibbling as to what was meant after months of a "cold war" by a direct state ment that “the door is wide open to discuss differences" is not likely to Inspire confidence either here or abroad. Too much has been made about tha Russian action in making pub lic a confidential exchange. There was no agreement in advance to keep the notes confidential. There is al ways a risk that things put in writ ing will become public. And "Ven if they are, cannot the American Government stand by what it wrote? If not, It will be the Russians who will be saying that the American Government doesn't believe one day in what it writes the previous day. Had the President and Secretary of State welcomed the publication of the notes and then promptly given to the world a list of the outstanding questions on which there are substantial differences of opinion, the public generslly would have seen at a glance that mere decision to sit down and talk does not convey much of an idea as to what kind of agreements are going to be made and what guarantees are forthcoming as to how the agreements will be fulfilled. It was a splendid chance for the Ameri can Government to re-state its whole case. Missed Whole Point. But the American Government overlooked something else. It seems to have missed the whole point of the Russian action. Why did the Soviets make public the exchange? Obviously there could have been only two reasons—to start a "peace offensive” for propaganda purpose! without any sincere intention ol carrying it out, or else really t.£ find an honorable way of extricat ing itself from the "cold war.’1 There Is much evidence to sup port the latter view. The ver> manner In which the news wa.« handled In Russia—the absence of attack* on the United States in the propaganda and the manifest at tempt to calm the fear* of the Rus sian people with respect to war indi cate that Russia had her own inter nal situation In mind in trying to find a way to reverse her external policies. If this is the basic purpose, then the giving of publicity to the notes was the only quick way the Russians could show the whole world that they were changing their approach. If they didn't intend this, then aubsequent, inaction or failure to agree would readily expose the arti ficiality of the device in a few days. Hence the belief that the Russians Intend to follow up the peace ap proach with some action seems more logical than the theory that the whole Idea was merely a trick. The point that the State Depart ment failed to advise Britain and Prance In advance Is a labored one. The United States didn’t intend to make the notes public and presum ably in due time would have con fidentially advised the allies. The latter now understand that the Russian decision to make the notes public prevented earlier dispatch to London and Paris of theae notes. Right of Single Action. But even If the United Btates de sired to Initiate informal discus sions alone at Moscow, there is certainly no rule in diplomacy which requires that auch decisions be made known in advance. Sov ereign governments have the right Of independent action in the discus sion stages. It is only when com mitments or agreements are about to be made that consultation Is necessary for allied harmony. The whole episode now will be debated inside Congress and by the people The administration seems to have been bewildered by the Incident and public opinion may have to crystallize before the Pres ident and Secretary Marshall will realize that what they started to do—talk things out with the Ru« alans—is not a sin and should not be dlaavowed. Nobody meanwhile la suggesting that armament prep arations really necessary for defense be abandoned. The American people don’t want to see any weakening where America la in the right, but they also don’t want their leaders to be Intransigeant when the other side shows an inclination to grasp at an owning for discussion and ne gotiation. ■ Reproduction Rithte Reaerred.t Fine Residential Work Since 1919 Fleers Sanded. Cleaned. Polished Listened. Repaired Ware#, Finishes. Supplies Sold ISIS 20th Street $Tw. - hepaklie 107* ^ This Changing World U. S. Demarche to Soviet Bewilders Ambassadors Outside Iron Curtain By Constantine Brown Seldom has any diplomatic situa tion been handled worse by Wash ington officials than the recent ex change of views with Moscow, Ini t la ted by the American Gov ernment e a rly this month. B e w 11 d e red ambassadors of nations outside the iron curtain are still calling on State De partment o f f 1 cials in an effort to learn the un adulterated truth about our de marche with re spect to Moscow. The official ex Constantine Brown, j planation that the May 4 commum -catlon waa Intended simply to clarify to the Kremlin the purpose of the European Recovery Program and of our national defense prep arations is taken with a grain of salt by governments which have suffered from such intimate con versations between the great powers. The fact that the British and French governments learned about our diplomatic move through Soviet broadcasts has further increased the discomfort of our friends in Europe and Asia, who find it hard to believe, even now, that Ambas sador Walter Bedell 8mlth had been tricked by Foreign Minister Molotov.! Verbal Statement Waa Ordered. Gen. Smith was instructed to make a verbal presentation of our stand with respect to the U. S. 8. R. This meant that his communica | tlon was not supposed to be given ! to the Soviet foreign minister in written form. When a note is delivered to a ! foreign government every word ia - carefully weighed as to its exact j meaning by special drafting officers. This is not the case when an am bassador makes a verbal state ment and has In his hands only a text or notes for his own use. When Gen. Smith completed de livery of his statement (prepared for him in Washington), Mr. Molotov casually asked him to leave the paper with him in order to use it as a basis for an answer. The un suspecting Ambassador complied. As a result of the fact that the communication had not gone through channels as a diplomatic document Mr. Molotov was able to twist certain passages, such as i “wide open door," and use them for one of the slickest stunts the Soviet1 i Foreign Office has ever had a chance to put over. Two factors caused consternation among the diplomats of countries which rely on American support: (1) The fact that not once did our statement to Russia mention the United Nations, although we are the strongest advocate of peace through that international agency, and (3) the wording of some of the sentences in the final part of the statement. These diplomats wonder whether the omission of reference to the U. N. was calculated by the Amer ican Government in order to arrive at a bilateral agreement with Russia at the expense of weaker nations. There is, of course, no real basts for their fears, but they all remember how the old League of Nations was by-passed during the conversations at Berchtesgaden and Munich. Concern on Last Sentence. Most concern arising from Am bassador Smith’s statement is based on the final sentences. "We still do not despair,” it said, "of a turn of events which will permit us to find the road to a reasonable and decent relationship between our two coun tries." After pointing out that the mem bers of the Soviet government have It in their power to alleviate world conditions*the statement concluded that if the Soviet does act to allevi ate those conditions they “will not find us lacking in readiness and eagerness to make our own contri bution to stabilization of world con ditions. entirely compatible with the security of the Soviet people.” The governments outside the iron curtain say that although America and Russia are the chief protago nists in the present turmoil, the crisis is international and they should have been Included in the parleys which the American Gov ernment obviously intended to start as a consequence of Gen. Smith’s statement. , What worries the Western Euro pean governments most is the last sentence and its reference to Amer ica's eagerness to see a “stabiliza tion of world conditions, entirely compatible with the security of the Soviet people.” Russia has demonstrated her con cept of security by taking over many sovereign countries. Was the American Government prepared, it is asked, to sacrifice more countries to the Kremlin’s alleged desire for security? The answer, of course, is “No.” But the circumstances which per mitted Mr. Molotov to release our communication to the world and our mishandling of the whole affair have caused raised eyebrows among foreign diplomats. Faith and Five Stars Alabama Democrats Seek Assurances On Stampede for Eisenhower Plans By Doris Fleeson Alabama Democrats are candidly in the market for assurances from : other States, preferably pivotal, that they will Join a stampede for tien. Eisennow ! er on the first ! roll call at Phil adelphia in July. They are keenly aware of Alabama's stra tegic position as first to answer the roll of the States when ; nominations for President are called for. But they are also realists who know they have but 26 conven Horlt Fltaann. . j tion votes ana tne sotia aoutn omy 26fi out of a total of 1,094. These are not the proportions of a stam pede as they realize. Hence various exploratory con versations now talcing place In quar ters known to be disgruntled with Harry 8. Truman. Admitting this, an Alabama delegate said: "If we receive assurances that other States | are willing to Join with us, we will make the break and bring the South along.” He expressed the opinion that un less it was clear that a chance ex isted for the success of such a move, his State would cast a com plimentary ballot for a notable Southerner, giving Senators George, Byrd and Barkley as examples. It was not, In his emphatic view, something that could be left to “spontaneous” enthusiasm at the convention: it would have to be worked out carefully in advance. The speaker cast a wistful eye on New York, which has not committed Itself, and Illinois, where th* leader ship has openly talked against the Truman renomination. It could be done still, he felt, if they and others would pledge in votes the sentiments they privately express. These Southern rooters hgve no evidence either to support their be lief that the General would accept the honor—like the CIO and ADA, they have only faith. They expect it to move live stars. Several are suggesting that the convention could nominate Gen. Elsenhower, whip through a Vice President and then adjourn before Gen. Eisenhower had a chance to say no. Where this would leave them should he still say “no" they don’t quite know. 8ome of the more thoughtful po liticos believe that the President will be much affected in his own plans by the results of his journey West. They consider it a great gamble for him and think that if it does not prove a success he may alter his determination to run. The next question of course is: How much does the President see and understand on such a trip about his true position? He will certainly have great crowds and friendly ones too and it will be easy for him to translate them into approval of his candidacy. ADVERTISEMENT. Don't Neglect Slipping FALSE TEETH Do fait* teeth, drop, slip or wabble when you talk, eat, laugh or tneoaer Don't be annoyed and embarrassed by such handicaps. PABTKXTH, an alkaline (non-acid) powder to aprlirkla on your plates, keeps false teeth more firmly set. 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Colossal Diplomatic Blunder By Dorothy Thompson If the visit of American Ambas sador Walter Bedell Smith to Vyacheslav Molotov, with its re percussions, is nothing but a diplo Dorothy Thompson. mauc Diunaer, we can only characterize it | with the word "colossal.” For at the very moment when western power was consolidat ing itself, the State Depart ment gave the Soviet Union a much- needed tremendous dip lomatic victory. The State De partment's ex pianauons are wnuuy ujisanaiavi-uiy. For a long time there had been no communication, between the American Ambassador to Moscow and the Kremlin. On May 4, with out any notification of the step to the British, French, or Benelux foreign offices or to our ambassa dors to these or other capitals, Mr. Smith sought and received an audi ence with Molotov. He spoke orally, but on request of Molotov commit ted the substance of his remarks to paper, and apparently without even marking them “confidential.” Though the substance was “firm" and reiterative of our foreign poli cy, it nevertheless stated that the United States has “no hostile or aggressive designs on the U. S. S. R.” and said “the door is always wide open for full discussion and com posing of our differences.” wny was move m»ae: If, after a long condition of stale mate between two governments, the accredited representative of one makes such an overture to the other, and in writing, it would be interpreted' by»any ^government to the world as an invitation to ne gotiate. One must therefore ask three questions: 1. Why was this move made? 2. Why at this moment? 3. Why were neither other gov ernments nor our own ambassadors informed? On Tuesday, May 11, the news broke that the "Kremlin accepted” the "invitation.” From the Russian viewpoint the timing was perfect. For Tuesday evening Henry Wallace, leader of Soviet appeasement, was culminat ing his series of Nation-wide rallies with a vast peace meeting in Madi son Square Garden in New York. For the first time in his whole cam paign his speech was to be broad cast over two Nation-wide networks —NBC and CBS. Stepping up to the tribune amongst thunderous applause and cheers re corded throughout the Nation, Mr. Wallace congratulated the govern ment, accepted the Russian olive branch, and outlined his own pro gram for United States-Soviet rap prochement. Although the news had only broken that morning, Mr. Wallace was prepared with an ■>opcn letter to Stalin" printed on a flier, 17 Inches by 11 inches, dis tributed in 20,000 copies with the ink perfectly dry, and proposing nothing less than a super, super Yalta. Assuming—which I do not, with out reservations—that Mr. Wallace (and the American communists who support him) was as unin formed about the note exchange as was the American Ambassador in London, to prepare the letter and get it printed in vast quantities ini a single day was a remarkable tech-1 nical achievement. Mr. Wallace was prepared, but the State Department, the Republican bi-partisans, and American diplo mats abroad were not, and ran around in circles, trying to explain that the Kremlin had "accepted” | what had never been offered. Thev struggled to find a formula for re jecting an olive branch which they themselves (according to the Rus sians) had proffered, while all over the world the news was received in consternation by our friends, or in a hysterical joy recalling the return of Chamberlain and Daladier from Munich With "peace in our time.” Crowds celebrated in Moscow streets. In Berlin the Russian-con trolled press called it "the first ray of hope. This proves the American Ll CONSTELLATIONS LOUISVILLE #moe£55»* 2 hh. 14 min. ST. LOUIS 3hn.43min. NEW ORLEANS SS 4his. 5 min. ItKD AND KOVBI DtKNDAMUTY ' Caff Exocutivo 4OOO or your fravo/ agon* EASTERN Airlines/'ll people are red up with the cold war.” (In Madison Square Garden, Mr. Wallace said, simultaneously, “the United States and U. S. S. R. must take Immediate action to end the cold war.”) Other Berliners re ported. “Russia is eager lor peace. Now we have great hopes of an in terim German national govern ment and peace status for Ger many.” Comment in Paris. In Paris (where lucidity operates) the first comment was: “Victory for the Russians.” And Premier Schu man warned that “while United States firmness Is bearing fruit, appeasement leads to war.” In Prague the comment was: “Victory for American public opinion.” In London, Ambassador Lewis Douglas was most embarrassed. He had no texts of the notes, and could tell Bevln nothing. But the Foreign Office remembered the autumn of 1945 when the meeting of Foreign Ministers, having ended in failure, Mr. Byrnes went over Bevin s head to deal with Molotov. In Washington, Democratic Con gressmen (contradicting the official explanations of the State Depart ment) expressed satisfaction. And while Ambassador Douglas knew nothing and President Tru man said “nothing in our foreign policy has changed,” W. Averell Harriman roving ambassador, said Just the opposite in Paris, clearly suggesting the hope of a negotiated peace, and offering a bribe to the Russians: “If the United States and Russia reach an understanding It would mean revision of ERP and voting new credits or new distribu tion to include the countries of Eastern Europe. * • • If Russia came to better understanding she would be entitled to share." In Washington commentators (including the percipient Anne O’Hare, McCormick), ^speculated “the note to Moscow might be a political move to take the wind out of Wallace's sails.” But Mr. Wallace’s sails are bal looning with the most favorable breeze of his campaign, as a result of it. And in Oregon, Mr. Dewey oalled it “the best news since V-J Day.” So altogether we have confusion twice confounded, here, and from one end of the world to the other. But it is a familiar pattern after all. It is a pattern for another Yalta, held exactly as Yalta was held, when President Roosevelt was on the peak of the world—and nevertheless handed the entire diplomatic and political victory to the Soviets. And the Foreign Affairs Commit tee of the Senate should trace this move to its source, whether It is in Congress, In the State Depart ment, or in the entourage of the White House. (Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.) McLemore— Enjoys 'Bombosh' Party in Cemetery By Henry McLemore PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti.—How would you spell “bombosh”? I was at one last night, and not since I was a boy and pulled a tooth with the Handy Home Dental5 Kit (133 soap ; wrappers), have f I' experienced ; such a unique || evening. ! No matter; how “bombosh” | Is spelled, In Haiti it means a Saturday night blow-out by average Hai tians. It is held In the hills, on the flat, or any old place ai all, Bear7 Melitntt, just so mere is ioou, music, com panionship, and the other accom panying ingredients of such a party. The “bombosh” I attended was held in a cemetery. You heard me. A cemetery. Not a bad place for a party, a cemetery. The tomb stones are handy to lean against, and there are no end of spirits . . . the kind that is usually acarce, and the kind that is sometimes scary. Virtuoso on the Drums. Music for the evening’s entertain ment was furnished by voodoo drums. Not that there was any thing unusual in this, because all music in Haiti is played on the voodoo drum. Personally, I can’t carry a tune, but this is a rough idea of voodoo music—boom boom pat slap boom. The orthodox voo doo drummer uses his hands and elbows, but I was fortunate enough to see a Haitian virtuoso who used his hands, elbows, knees, ankles and sacroiliac. Aft# he finished a fast rendition of “Drums Along the Mohawk,” he looked like the win ning exhibit in a Boy Scout knot tying contest. As a rule the voodoo drum has Just about as much change of pace as a merry-go-round horse. When I left the "bombosh,” I drove higher up into the hills. I had heard that some of the voodoo cults still practiced human sacrifice and worshipped the Dauphin. For tunately I had an old Dauphin suit in the back of the car into which I changed on a slow 8 curve. After driving steadily for some minutes, I arrived at my destina tion—a real voodoo. I stepped from the car, and moved into the cen ter of the group which apparently had finished the opening hymn quite a bit earlier. And then I was trans ported into another world entirely. This voodoo is taken very seriously in Haiti—it has a religious signifi cance that is very difficult for the visitor to understand. As the cere mony progresses the beat of the voodoo drums transforms the wor shipper? into a state of mind border ing on mass hysteria. Not only those who originally participated in the ceremony take part, but mem bers of the audience begin to sway and shout. No Active Leader. One of the strange things about voodoo is that there is no active leader. Each person seems to have some inner volition which animates him or her almoat unconsciously to take part in the * ritual. Jeanle, < my wife, began to get nervous before Betty Moore Will Tell You Turn to WMAL tomorrow morn im at 10—end listen to her broi deest. She will talk j^fbout j Beautiful” “She ll tell you how to make tout home brisht »n<1 how each room icheme ll beautifully har monious and eaey to do. Toull went to tee in full color the 1848 polor flcheme Polder—that It vouri for tha aakln* at one of theie itores: Stash re IVB8%L Betheide Paint 0 Hardware C*. Tekome Paint 0 Hardware Co. 922 New York Ave. (1) NA. 8610 -meemce scmrd insured @@1,3 5T0RAGE uON OUR OWN PREMISES FOR . FUR COAT CLEANING GLAZING 48 Years of "Know How" i ont nve nnen LAUNDERERS DRY CLEANERS CALL NA. 0161 HOME DELIVERY AND PICK-UP—NO EXTRA CHARGE I PROOF! An impartial analysis by tbs Amsricon Instituts Lf“"d,r*? I indicates that Paloe. "WHITENESS RETENTION" tost. W.5%. with 1 Tansita Strength Lost 0.0%—conclusive proof that for cloaoor, whitor, | fresher, tofsr loundry_:_;_.^Paloco_doMjt_bott!^^^^^^^^^^^^^J the ceremony was over, and insisted that I call signals and make way through the crowd and leave. Henry, Coeur de Lion, as the boys in the back room call me, was not unready to leave himself. My neighbors are really going to be surprised when I get back to Florida. I have decided to give up playing the flute while accompany ing myself on a harpsichord in favor of the voodoo drum. I bought one today, and I am taking daily lessons. I like it so much that I practice my hour each day ^ven when the other kids are out play ing, and call to me, "Henri, voulez vous come out and play tag with us.” I'd like to put this all in French, but I speak strictly Pan American Clipper French, and that was not in the handy little guide of phrases that I studied on the way down here. Any rumblings you might hear in the States in the next few weeks will be no cause for alarm. It will simply be me prac ticing a Bach fugue on my voodoo drum. (Distributed by lfcNauiht Syndicate, Inc.) WATCH REPAIRING *■£ ois.r.a Watch Crystal*. 4Sc %A# A hE'C WATCHES TT AUC 9 DIAMONDS lies E St. N.W. 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