Evening star. [volume], May 20, 1948, Page A-17, Image 17

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Lewis' Tadics
Seen as Violation
Of Labor Law
Collective Bargaining
Must Be Pursued by Both
Sides on the Same Basis
By David Lawrence
The law of the land for every
body, including the miners’ union
and John L. Lewis, reads as fol
lows:
"It shall be an unfair labor prac
tice lor a labor organization or its
agents to restrain or coerce an em
ployer in the selection of his rep
resentatives for the purpose of col
lective bargaining or the adjust
ment of grievances.”
Yet in the face of this explicit
wording of the Taft-Hartley Act,
Mr. Lewis as the head of the
miners’ union has broken up a con
ference of coal operators and union
representatives and has refused to
continue in any collective bargain
ing unless he is given the privilege
of vetoing the list of members ol
the operators' group who wish to do
the negotiating.
It would be equally illogical if
the operators had said that they
would not negotiate with Mr., Lewis
and that in his place some other
representative of his union should
attend the sessions.
The mandate of the law is that
collective bargaining must be pur
sued by both sides on the same
basis. The employer has no right
to tell the union who shall be on
their negotiating boards and the
union has no light to select the
personnel for the employers.
What Could Be Purpose?
In the face of this clear phrasing
of the law, what then could be the
purpose of Mr. Lewis in walking out
of the conference because he didn't
approve of the employer negotia
tors? It could be that he believed
that between now and June 30,
when the present coal contract ex
pires, the time of the National
Labor Relations Board would be
taken up getting an injunction in
the courts and that a strike could
be called and negotiations resumed
afterward. It could be also that Mr.
Lewis is merely testing the willing
ness of the Government to pursue
an unfair labor practice charge
against him in the wake of the two
Injunctions secured on other
grounds.
The Justice Department Is on
record as having asked this week
that the injunction be vacated
which was issued in connection
with the dispute over pensions. This
particular order of the court, even
if continued, could not affect the
new controversy
It may also be that Mr. Lewis is
dramatizing his opposition to the
Taft-Hartley Act and trying to
make the other labor leaders seem
weak by comparison.
The technicality under which Mr.
Lewis is conducting his veto of the
presence of Joseph E. Moody of the
Southern Producers’ Association is
that the latter did not sign the
original contract. Actually Mr.
Lewis has been bargaining on an
industry-wide basis because he has
a "closed shop” in virtually all the
coal mines for which he is endeav
oring to negotiate a contract. If the
employers wish to call in any out
siders, they may do so. There is
no requirement in the law that only
signatories of a previous contract
can negotiate. Mr. Moody can be
selected to represent the Northern
Operators even if he didn't act for
the Southern Operators.
Law Safeguards Process.
But the Southern Producers' Asso
ciation has joined formally with the
northern groups to negotiate a Na
tion-wide contract. As long as in
dustry-wide bargaining is permitted
by law, it is the right of the em
ployers who have signed industry
wide contracts in previous years to
seek to extend sectional contracts
bv the same process. The question
of how many or what mines or sec
tions of the country shall be in
cluded in a contract is one that is
itself subject to collective bargain
ing when the negotiations begin.
The law safeguards the process it
self. Hence the right of the em
ployers to be represented by rep
resentatives of their own choosing
is as inviolate as the right of the
unions to select their owm repre
sentatives.
Already the coal operators have
filed with the general counsel of
the National Labor Relations Board
a petition asking that an injunction
be issued.
This phase will take some time j
and meanwhile, unless Mr. Lewis j
changes his mind, there will be no [
negotiations. Instead, the Nation
will face the threat of another Na- j
tion-wide coal strike. How Cor.- i
gress can spend its lime worrying j
about extra laws to- punish a fay j
thousand Communists who might j
possibly try some day to over- j
throw the Government if the exist
ing enforcement agencies are asleep
and yet fail to pass laws to prevent
any man or organization from over
throwing the Nation’s economic
system by paralyzing or withholding
Its fuel supply is something that
Peeds explanation.
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This Changing World
Two Interpretations Are Considered
In So-Called Soviet Peace Overtures
By Constantine Brown
Official Washington is hearing
two interpretations of the present
lull in international politics and the
so-called Soviet peace overtures
maae oy way oi
radio.
The optimistic
view in some
: diplomatic and
political quar
ters is that the
European R e -
covery Program,
our national de
fense measures,
our policy of
barring any
further Soviet
encroachments
in Western Eu
rope and set
backs for the c»»«u«Um Br«w».
Communists in Italy and France
have had a sobering effect on the
Kremlin.
While the Soviet government has
shown no degree of sincerity in any
of its so-called “peace” approaches,
using propaganda methods rather
than an honest effort to sit down
and talk things over, there may be
something more than strikes the eye
in the Soviet maneuvers, the opti
mists believe.
These diplomats and politicians
contend that we are dealing with
men in Moscow who do not act in
the same pattern as Westerners.
The Soviet system is conspiratorial,
and even in efforts to arrive at a
settlement the Russian leaders are
apt to take a conspiratorial line.
There is no real optimism among
proponents of the theory that Mos
cow has become worried. We must
await further developments, it is
said in these quarters, and must be
careful henceforth to provide no
further opening for the Soviet
propaganda machine to exploit
State Department diplomatic ac
tions.
The next few months, these diplo
mats and politicians say, will tell
the whole story.
One View Is Pessimistic.
In other Government quarters the
pessimistic view is taken that the
present lull in Germany, Austria,
Trieste and Western Europe is
simply a feint which must be
watched with utmost care since it
may be only the quiet before the
storm.
Trained observers maintain that
passage of the 70 group Air Force
program by Congress and the prob
able enactment of a limited selec
tive service bill does not, by any
stretch of the imagination, alarm
the Kremlin.
The Russian general staff knows
well that It will be some time before
these measures can become effective.
Regardless of how many billions of
dollars Congress appropriates, many
months will be required before
planes start coming off the assembly
lines.*
The fact that our ground forces
eventually will be strengthened
from seven to eleven divisions can
surely cause no sleepless nights to
the Soviet Army leaders when the
present strength of the Red forces
—not counting the satellites—
amounts to some 250 divisions.
The defeat of the Communists at
the Italian polls unquestionbly is
important as a trend. But the
Russians can always change that
situation by active aggression,
against which only scarce means of
defense exist. Then the local Com
munist militia units and their lead
ers will play the role of important
tools in the hands of the Polit
buro.
One possible concern to the
U. 8. 8. R. may be the defec
tion in the ranks of American
labor unions, which in recent
months have become increasingly
hostile to Soviet attempts to dom
inate them. It is known that in
plans for an eventual clash with
the United States, the Soviet war
planners count heavily on disrup
tion of our industrial life and on
sabotage of the American war effort
by strikes directed by Soviet agents
in this country.
Smith Statement Recalled.
The last two diplomatic manifes
tations from Moscow, the twisting
of Ambassador Walter B. Smith’s
statement of May 4 and the reply
of Prime Minister StaMn to the
alleged Moscow-inspired open let
ter from Henry Wallace, are con
sidered by experienced observers
as an effort to throw dust into the
eyes of peace-hungry Americans
and to help Russian propaganda
in the United States.
The objective appears to be to
create confusion as to the real aims
of the U. S. S. R. in the forthcom
ing American elections and only in
cidentally to attempt to slow down
our limited rearmament.
A number of Congressmen who
voted for the preparedness bills are
already concerned over how to an
swer their constituents if they are
asked whether they have not been
taken Into camp by the "adminis
tration-manufactured war hys
teria."
These observers are firmly con
vinced that the recent manifesta
tions of the Kremlin are not signs
of a change of heart, but are cal
culated deceptions which might re
sult in a Soviet outbreak in West
ern Europe, possibly before the end
of the year.
On the Other Hand
Dewey in Debate With Stassen
Sounds Like Entirely New Man
By Lowell Mellett
Failure to win In the Oregon pri
mary could prove to be the supreme
misadventure of Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey's political career. This, for
two reasons.
The first has
been obvious
ever since he
and Harold E.
Stassen elected
to make that far
Western State a
decisive battle
ground. Each
was out to dem
onstrate that he
is the greatest
vote - getter in
the Republican
Party. Each
warned 10 oring
into the Phila
delphia convention not merely the
dozen Oregon delegates but a repu
tation for unbeatability. Gov. Dewey
was given the nomination in 1944 as
the campaigner who could defeat
Roosevelt, if anybody could; he had
been elected Governor in the
President’s own State; he was the
party’s ball of fire. He ran a good
race and established, so he thought,
first claim on the nomination this
year.
He wasn't greatly disturbed when
Senator Taft and then Stassen un
dertook to dispute his claim. But he
was disturbed in due time when the
younger man began to reveal a
greater popular appeal than his
own. The revelation was such in
Wisconsin, Nebraska and Pennsyl
vania that Dewey was forced to
make the desperate play Just com
pleted in Oregon.
Debate Is Cited.
The second reason tor considering'
a defeat in Oregon tragic for Dewey j
is that he finished the fight there a
bigger, better, more persuasive can
didate than he ever had been before.
Those who heard the Dewey-Stassen:
radio debate heard a new Dewey. It
wasn't the smooth, smug, correct
elocutionist to whom the public had
become accustomed; the gifted
speaker who knew all the words and
all the proper intonations, the
places to pause, the places to raise
the voice, the places to turn on the j
full baritone. In other words, it j'
wasn't the Dewey who delighted his1
elocution teacher but left his listen
ers cold.
It wasn't the neat young New
Yorker of other days, but a calm,
unhurried, grown-up man, full of
experience and common sense.
That’s the way it sounded. Easy
as a logger's old shoe. By contrast,
the excited big boy from Minne
sota sounded a little like the Dewey
we used to know.
Clearly the three weeks of bump
ing around Oregon by bus and on
foot, meeting the lonely ranchers,
mingling with the crowds, and get
ting mussed up in a real rough and
tumble had been good fbr the East
ern Governor. There seems to be
sound basis for reports that he had
succeeded in shifting the drift in
the strategic State. The only ques
tion was whether or not the shift
was sufficient.
Dewey Called Winner.
As for the debate itself, to this
somewhat biased listener Dewey
had all the best of it. The issue
was the wisdom of “outlawing” the
Communist Party. Stassen has re
peatedly declared himself in favor
of such action. But in the heat of
the radio wrangle Stassen an
nounced that the Mundt-Nixon bill
now before Congress would accom
plish the purpose he has in mind.
That left him wide open. The
author of that bill and the com
mittee in which it was born—the
Un-American Activities Committee
—are driving for its passage on the
ground that it will control the Com
munist Party without outlawing it.
It would be a mistake, they say, to
outlaw the party. Dewey called
Stassen's attention to this, saying
for himself that he considered the
bill harmless, but of doubtful con
stitutionality. Stassen seemed to
suggest that, nevertheless, if he
were President he would use some
such law to carry out his promise
to “outlaw” the party.
The exchange may or may not
have changed anybody’a views on
the subject. Those who have
thought we must do something
drastic to the Communists, regard
less of the Constitution and the
Bill of Rights, probably will con
tinue to think so. But, apart from
all that, it is interesting to see
Dewey emerge from the Oregon
Trail several sizes larger than he
was when he entered it.
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LOUIE
—By Harry Hanan
icorviiGiT , ,
Holding Operation Only
New York Democrats Plan No Harm
To Truman, Doubt They Can Help Him
By Doris Fleeson
NEW YORK, May 20—Demo
cratic leaders here aren’t “studying
about” the presidential election.
They plan to do President Tru
man no narm in
the convention
and they doubt
seriously If they
can do. him any
good In Novem
ber. They prob
ably won’t even
try very hard
lest they annoy
somebody who
might vote for
their candidate
for Mayor ntfxt
year and their
n o m 1 n ees for
Governor ana
Senator in 1950. Dor“
Everywhere they look they see
only headaches and dilemmas. Their
own organizations are in terrible
shape and cannot be disciplined into
following any given line. The Presi
dent is violently unpopular in the
party’s ancient strongholds. Hence
their view that a holding opera
tion only is indicated.
“When all is confusion, it’s time
to stop acting like supermen and
take care of your own bailiwick,’’
one highly placed politico put it.
Defeatism Is Absolute.
The New York defeatism is abso
lute. They admit the State is gone.
Therefore, they say, even if Mr.
Truman could be stopped—which
he can’t—it would be pointless to
draft Gen. Eisenhower, and anyway
that can’t be done either.
The professionals are virtually
unanimous on these points, includ
ing those who don’t like each other.
They write off as amateurs the old
Roosevelt followers now clamoring
for Gen. Eisenhower.
They predict that the bulk of the
delegation will go along quietly on
Mr. Truman’s renomination. A few
of the district leaders and Con
gressmen from Brooklyn and the
Bronx may not vote for him or
else will let their alternates attend
the convention. This conduct will
be forgiven and forgotten the next
day.
They hope to be able to follow
the White House line in the cam
paign, but in case of a conflict of
interests they will duck. Nothing
will be permitted to irritate the
’49 and '50 customers.
So far, they have solved the prob
lem of Mr. Truman’s unpopularity
by ignoring him. Last week the
State committee threw a $50-a-plate
dinner to pay oil the party debts.
All the big shots attended—Ed
Flynn, Chairman Fitzpatrick, James
A. Farley, Mayor O’Dwyer, Ex-Sen
ator Mead. The usual toast to “The
President of the United States” was
given. In an evening of oratory no
other reference was made to a man
named Mr. Truman.
Kind Word From Mayor.
Following White House recogni
tion of the new state of Israel, the
Mayor experimented with a kind
word for him when speaking at a
rally here to celebrate the new state.
The applause was polite, but not
very encouraging.
The Mayor is the present "White
Hope,” the only proved vote-getter
for the crucial elections ahead. He
has his troubles with the organiza
tion but he retains his hold on the
public, so the leaders will string
along. He has been especially suc
cessful with labor and labor prob
lems.
At tne moment ne nas naa tne
misfortune to get caught in a pub
lic storm over who shall be New
York County Surrogate. This offi
cial presides over the most lucra
tive political hunting ground in
America, dispensing patronage worth
literally millions of dollars a year.
Both parties are proposing nom
inees condemned by the Bar Asso
ciation and such public figures as
Samuel Seabury.
Mayor O’Dwyer didn't really need
any new troubles; he has had to
support an increased subway fare
to balance his inflated budget.
He can probably take his choice
of the three nominations open in
'49 and '50—Mayor, Governor, Sena
tor. Many believe he would prefer
to go to Washington. Albany is
strenuous and he is 60; anyway, he
can’t enjoy its presidential jump
ing-off-point possibilities—he can’t
be President, as he was bom in
Ireland.
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McLemore—
James Gets Workout
With Power Mower
By Henry McLemore
If James keeps on the way he
going, sooner or later I am going
have to submit an article about him
to the Reader’s Digest’s ‘‘The Most
o 5T
Unforgettable
Character I’ve
M e t” depart
ment.
James is James
Mackey, our col
ored handyman.
He came to work
for us a couple
dl years ago
after four years
in the Navy, and
I have yet to
hear him admit
that there was
anything under
the sun that he
couldn't do. Henry McLemore.
I am sure that if you asked James
If he could build a'railroad locomo
tive he would say, “Sure can,” and
start to work. I am equally positive
that if you questioned him on his
ability to harpoon whales, he would
ask for a harpoon and start oi# in
search of Moby Dick or one of"-his
brothers.
During his two or more years with
us he has tried his hand at about
everything that can go wrong with
a house and its accessories, and
amazingly enough for one who
doesn’t have degrees from M. I. T.,
the International Correspondence
School, the Cornell School of Vet
erinary Medicine, and half a dozen
others, he has always been success
successes l.isica.
He has laid cement walks; built!
stairways; rewired half the house;!
cultivated a lovely rock garden;
cured the pups, Dinah and Bumble,
of everything from measles to colic;
designed, built and painted porch
furniture, and cooked darned fine
soufles. X am quite sure that when
he started half his projects he knew
no more about how to complete
them than I would have.
All of which is a rather long
winded introduction to today's essay
which concerns James and our new
power lawn mower. When it was
delivered I asked James if he knew
how to operate a power lavn mower.
This was as superfluous as asking
Dewey if he wanted to get in the
White House.
James took off the sailor cap
which he always wears, eyed the
rather formidable machine for a few
seconds and said, “Just what I been
needing. Lemme loose with it.”
I went back in the house and was
enjoying my favorite pastime, that
of throwing bills in the waste
basket, when I heard a noise remi
niscent of a P-38 taking off. Only
this time I could hear the "pilot”
yelling.
“Whoa. Slow down, you rascal
you. You heard what I said, didn't
you? tVhoa.”
It was James at the controls of
the lawn mower, and when he
passed the window from which I
was watching he was at the mercy
of the machine. But when he saw
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me out of the corner of his eye—
and he was going what seemed to be
a good 30 m.pii.—he didn’t let on
that he didn’t know what he was
doing.
"Look at her clip,” he cried over
his shoulder. "I’ll do this ol’ yard
in no time.”
Tears Through Hedge.
The lawn mower banked and
headed for Neighbor Ely's yard.
It tore through a low hedge that
separates our property and started
mowing Mrs. Ely's lawn.
“Cut our yard first," I called.
But James didn’t hear. I had the
feeling that any minute he might
“bail out'' and leave the mower. But
ne stuck with it. Before he got it
under control, he had mowed Mrs.
Ely's lawn, clipped half of Dr.
Chandler's yard, which is on the
other side of our house, and scared
the be-daylights out of a covey of
sand-pipers when he unwillingly
mowed a part of the beach.
But he brought the machine in.
I asked James how “she" went.
“Best lawn mower I ever han
dled,” he said. "See how much I cut,
and I ain’t been gone more’n twenty j
minutes.”
Tomorrow he is gofcg to cut our
yard. Said he would have cut it!
first time out, but he wanted to
practice a while.
“Wanted to get the blades set just
right.” he told me. “No use spoiling
our grass when there is other grass
to practice on.”
Being as I like James, I am going
to buy him some goggles and a
parachute before I let him take the
mower out of the hangar again.
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LEMON PIE
Follow the directions on pack
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LEMON PUDDING
Make up the same as for the pie
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Make up LEM according to
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.
LEMON CHIFFON PIE
A LUXURY DESSERT
For a chiffon pie-filling or des
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