Evening star. [volume], May 26, 1948, Page A-11, Image 11

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
British Help to Arabs
Seen as Giving Stalin
Excuse in Own Coups
U. N. Looks On, but Fails
Again to Make One •
Of Big Powers Behave
By David Lawrence
There must be red faces In Lon
don Just as- there are red faces in
Washington. For the headlines tell
a strange tale that savors of hypoc
risy and makes the argument of the
European democracies seem hollow.
For here is a big nation helping
another conduct a war. It is not a
war against communism or an ideol
ogy this time. It is a war against
an infant nation struggling for sur
vival. The United Nations, formed
to stop wars, looks on interestedly
hut Is again unwilling to make one
of the big powers behave.
When Yugoslavia and Bulgaria
->nd, later, Czechoslovakia were over
. im by the Russian totalitarlans, the
democracies pointed to such action
as aggression—as infiltration into a
weaker state. But the answer of
Russia was that her “vital interests"
were at stake, that she wanted a
friendly" neighbor within her
sphere of influence."
Dominated by British.
Today the Arab states each with
their totalitarian bosses—hardly dif
ferent from Dimitrov in Bulgaria
and Tito in Yugoslavia—are domin
ated by British policy and British
subsidies. A British-trained army
subsidized by the British government
helps the totalitarian ruler of Trans
Jordan to fight against a neighbor
ing state which is striving to set up
a democracy.
It was Britain which created
Trans-Jordan out of the Syrian ter
ritory which was a part of the Bri
tish mandated area. It was Britain,
too, which told the other govern
ments always that this "sphere of
influence" was a natural means of
protecting the British Empire’s life
lines and her oil supply. This is the
kind of imperialism which gives
the Moscow Communists their argu
ment for doing the same thing with
in their "sphere of influence.”
Inside the United Nations it is
Britain now which obstructs and
opposes where only a lew weeks
ago it was Russia using her veto
to prevent a settlement from being
imposed from the outside.
The British claim that the United
States should not be disturbed as
they are merely protecting Ameri
can interests in the Near East. But
it is worth recalling that Britain's
willingness to share her power with
America in the Arab areas is of
recent origin. American oil com
panies got their concessions in the,
Near East only through State De
partment pressure for the "open
door."
It might be recalled, too, that
the British broke the slrike in the
oil fields of the Anglo-Iranian Oil
Co. in Southern Iran only by send
ing a division of troops from India
to a point in Iraq near the Iranian
frontier—a method of pressure on
Teheran which differs little from
the Russian pressure with troops
on the border of Iran.
Test of Sincerity.
Two wrongs never make a right.
Two imperialistic policies do not
balance one another. But the
United States, which is giving so
generously of its funds to bolster \
the democracies of Western Europe,
cannot with a straight face make
an argument about the disinter- j
estedness of the western democ
racies as long as the British gov- '
ernment assists the Trans-Jordan
armies to make war on the infant
republic of Israel.
There are many Americans who
never shared the view that the
territory now known as Israel
should be set aside as the home of
a religion but merely as the terri
tory of Palestinians of the Jewish
faith. Today, however, the ques
tion has ceased to be one as be
tween factions of Jews. It has
become a test of the sincerity of a
major power which in the face of
legal recognition by the United
States Government allows one of
its satellites to maice war <'n sucn
a legally recognized government
and then blandly asks that the
buck be passed to the United
Nations. Only when the U. N.i
declares the military action of the
Arab states to be illegal, the British
sav, will they refrain from giving
aid to Trans-Jordan. The moment
the United States recognized the
little republic of Israel, it became an
act of war under International law
for Great Britain to render aid to
the enemies of the state that was
being recognized.
It will be difficult hereafter for
Foreign Secretary Bevin to accuse
Stalin and the Russian Communists
of expansion when, in leality,
parallel tactics are being used by
Britain to protect her own material
Interests, all in the guise of “em
pire security.'*
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This Changing World
Rash of Strikes in Europe S: jsides
As First Results of ERP Are Noted
By Constantine Brown
The first tangible results of the
European Recovery Program al
ready are being noticed. The rash
of strikes which for a while stymied
the economic
recovery of the
Western Euro
pean countries
has subsided.
This is espe
cially true in
Prance and
Italy, where in
dustry and agri
culture were se
verely handi
c appeed last
summer by walk
outs of workers
under the dom
ination of the
then powerful
Constantine Brown.
Communist-led labor unions.
After the Communists were elimi
nated from the French and Italian
governments and the political
strikes engineered by Maurice
Thorez and Palmiro Togliatti had
collapsed. Premier Robert Schuman
and Premier Alcide de Gasperi in
formed the State .Department that
they could get the situation well in
hand, provided immediate assist
ance came from the United States.
Stopgap Aid Helped.
The stopgap aid passed by Con
gress last December helped to tide
over both countries temporarily.
Congressional leaders who voted for
the limited assistance watched the
situation in the following months
and were relieved to find that both
Premiers were correct, despite the
bitter electoral contest which en
sued in Italy.
Large-scale strikes of political in
spiration have often taken place
in the summer months, when liv
ing conditions are easier. The
latest reports from Western Euro
pean countries Indicate no major
strikes in prospect anywhere now.
The working classes of Europe,
after accepting Communist domina
tion since the end of the war, have
come to realize that all commu
nism offered was enslavement, in
spite of the fine words of Com
munist leaders.
The Communists s u c c e s sfully
waged a bitter anti-American cam
paign for a considerable time. But
when shiploads of American prod
ucts—from food to heavy industrial
equipment — began arriving in
French and Italian ports and were
distributed, the workers saw the
Communist deception and now are
heeding appeals from their govern
ments to refrain from aav further
political strikes.
While many hurdles remain before
it can be said that European re
covery is definitely under way, it
is a healthy sign that there are
no large-scale walkouts in prospect
in Western Europe.
Fear of Russians Clings.
Of course, the fear of war still
hangs heavily over all the people
of Western Europe. They still look
apprehensively toward the East,
where Red soldiers are massed for
no apparent reason except their
possible future aggressive use.
Even the man in the street in
Western Europe, who has no soft
feeling for the Germans, is aware
that it will take a long time, prob
ably several generations, before the
Germans once more become aggres
sive. Hence, there is no belief that
the heavy Red concentrations are
caused by any actual fear of the
former Reich.
This fear of possible Red aggres
sion is ever present now in the
minds of Europeans and explains
why there has been no opposition
whatsoever, from either labor or
farm organizations, to the French
bill to extend the term of compul
sory military service from 12 to 18
months for the ground and air
forces and from 18 to 23 months
for the navy.
Western Europe is showing now
that it is determined to live under
free constitutional regimes. The
people want to return to some de
gree of stability and are willing to
discipline themselves and work for
their own rehabilitation. They real
ize. as well as do their governments,
that the principal danger lies hence
forth in Russia and are looking for
America’s help in the event of Red
aggression.
Best Foot Forward
Truman to Make Five Major Speeches,
40-50 Brief Talks on His Trip West
By Doris Fleeson
President Truman will make only
five major speeches on his trip west
but he will oblige with a few kind
words extemporaneously some 40
to 50 times. ___.....__
As he has fre
quently made
errors of fact
and tact in his
off-the-cuff ef
forts, they are
the big gamble
of the journey.
His staff worries
about it; they
can do little
but build up his
self-confidence.
Letters have
swamped the
White House
pointing out
Doris Fleeson.
that it was Jackson, not Jefferson,
who said: ‘‘John Marshall has made
his decision, now let him enforce
it.” One Virginian stiffly recalled
that when Marshall, then a Federal
judge in Richmond, asked President
Jefferson for some private letters
to be used as evidence in the Burr
conspiracy case, Jefferson sent them
to him by special messenger. Cath
olic Democrats groaned when the
Baptist President declared that
‘what we need is another Isaiah
or Martin Luther.”
Homework on Speeches.
The President takes these strict
ures to heart and he has been doing
some homework on his extemporan
eous speeches. He still does not get
outside help nor dictate them.
What he does is to deride what J
he wants to talk about and make an
outline of it in his own handwriting.
He then studies the outline and
makes mental notes of what would
oe amusing ana pertinent comment.
The main points he transfers to
reference cards which he can put in
his pocket. Before speaking he
sees to it that he has a little time
to review what he intends to say.
Even so he is often moved by his
natural candor and an attentive
audience. Part of a careful outline
was forgotten at Girard College
when the smiling faces of the or
ahan boy students reminded him of
nis own boyhood on the farm. It
was incidentally, one of his most
attractive appearances: he gave the
Dovs a wonderful time.
The President feels obliged to risk
the casual interludes. He could hard
y escape them all on such a journey:
he has also been assured that he
puts his best foot forward that way.
,Vhen he reads a manuscript Truman
is unfair to Truman: his natural
manner flees, his sparkle dims and
nis vigorous cornbelt baritone lapses
into a dreary monotone. Practice
seems only to have made him more
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imperfect In that aspect of his job.
When he is informal, his honesty and
goodwill shine through.
One Smile This Week.
The beleaguered Truman camp got
one smile this week with all its prob
lems, and at the expense of the Eis-;
enhower liberals of the party.
Rudely thrust into the dream world
where this faction lays plans to dump
Mr. Truman, draft Gen. Eisenhower
and rally the old Roosevelt forces,
was a tell-tale photograph. Used in
the magazine ’48 to illustrate an
article on Gen. MacArthur, it showed
the General and his aides when they
"broke up the Bonus Army march on
the capital.”
Gen. MacArthur was then Chief of
Staff and carrying out the orders of
his Commander-in-Chief, Mr. Hoo
ver. But the country disapproved and
the liberals raged. Their embarrass
ment is extreme when it is pointed
out to them that the aide next to
Gen. MacArthur in the photograph
was Major Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Editors of ’48 report that Gen. Eis
enhower was not identified in the
original print and that when they
consulted the official Eisenhower bi
ography they found missing from it
the dates when he was aide to Gen.
MacArthur. Further investigation
however proved it was indeed Ike.
Actually during that period Maj.
Eisenhower was Gen. MacArthur's
ghost writer. It has long been re
ported the two were not cosy. It
could be that Ike took exception to
those Bonus Army actions; at least
that is what his supporters now pre
fer to believe.
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LOUIE ^ —By Harry Hanan
On the Record
Soviet and German Reds in Secret Move
To Restore Provinces Taken From Reich
By Dorothy Thompson
As our relations with Great
Britain become seriously strained
over Palestine and co-operation
between the European states pro
ceeds lamely—
rendered cau
tious by fear of
war and uncer
tainty of Amer
ican p o 1 i c y—
secret negotia
tions and friend
ly visits have
been going on
between Com
munist leaders
of the Russian
zone of Ger
many, the Com
munist govern
ment of Poland
and a repre
Dorothy Thompson.
sentauve oi tne soviet union wnn
a view to making frontier correc
tions in favor of a "progressive and
democratic Germany."
Thus, the German Communists,
who have been allowed to emerge
as leaders in the movement for
German unity, expect also to come
forth with firm assurances of the
restoration, In part, of the provinces
whose alienation from the Reich
has rendered millions homeless and
taken bread from the mouths of
millions more.
People Are Desperate.
This might not be serious if con
ditions in the western zones were
such as to give hope for a tolerable
future. But, three years after the
ending of hostilities, the condition
of the population is desperate.
Semistarvation is universal. With
man-hour production down to less
than half of normal, there is not
a vestige of really responsible self
government. There is nothing re
sembling an organized economy.
Money is worthless. The smallest
economic process is tangled in un
believable red tape. The country
swarms with “wild children.” In
fact, little has modified the picture
presented in the Hoover report—
which died so extraordinarily speedy
a death.
If there is anywhere that the
American people are directly re
sponsible. it is in Japan and Ger
many. "Unconditional surrender"
was an American idea carrying
onerous obligations. Yet the Amer
ican people show little interest in
facing this responsibility, or endur
ing fundamental criticism or even
knowledge of facts concerning Ger
many today.
I know of only one book on post
war Germany which sets forth, in
scholarly manner, and with an im
pressive array of facts and figures,
the misconceptions on which our
policy has been based. It is a pic
ture of German biological, moral,
material and financial destruction;
a comprehensive account of the So
viet zone. The facts about repara
tions and war potential are written I
against a thorough knowledge of
German pre-Hitler history, politics,
and economy.
That is Gustav Stolper's "German
Realities.”
Dr. Stolper, who died suddenly
just as the book was finished, was
uniquely equipped to make this
study. Before 1933 he was a member
of the Reichstag and the founder,
editor and publisher of the ablest
weekly of economic analysis on the
European continent. He. therefore,
was familiar in minute detail with
German history and political and
economic structure.
Distinguished Career in U. S.
When he came to America in '33.
he became a citizen and made a
second distinguished career here as
an economist. During many weeks
as adviser to the Hoover Commission
he was able to use his immense in
telligence and energy to assemble
more facts than any one else has
put down for the American reader
since the war. His book, conse
quently, Is essential to any one who
wishes to understand what Is hap
pening in Germany and why.
Yet this book, which appeared in
March, has been all but assassinated
by the critics, apparently because
they could not endure having the
assumptions on which our policy has
been based vigorously challenged at!
nearly every point.
Yet unless or until those assump
tions—most of which we took from
the Morgenthau-revengists and the
Marxists—are modified, and unless
or until Western Germany has a
responsible central government, and
the European states are prepared to
take Germany in on equal terms,
enabling an unhampered German
economy to work for all Europe,
there will be neither German nor
European recovery.
The German people do not want
communism. They want bread, hope,
freedom, and an opportunity to be
long to Europe and contribute to
sanity and prosperity. Failing this,
a new nationalism encouraged by
the Russians certainly will, sooner
or later, emerge in the form of na
tional bolshevism, affler which God
help the world.
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r.
McLemore—
Declares No One
Believes Any One
By Henry McLemore
Throw out Marshall.
Throw out Truman.
Throw out Lake Success. Throw
out anything.
Let's get rid of decency among
nations.
There’s no
such thing as
honesty from a
country that's
ooming up.
That goes for
the United
States in spades.
We shot the
English when
they weren’t
quite looking,
and what we did
to the Indians
you can find in
the first four
pages of the So
Henrj Miltwn.
ciety lor wevention oi cruelty to
Indians.
What I’m trying to say is there
is no use for our statesmen to sit
down with Russian statesmen and
sign pieces of paper declaring peace
on all four sides.
Worthless Paper.
What could be more worthless
than a batch of parchment signed
by Stalin saying that he and his
people had no designs on the United
States in the way of warfare? I’m
sure that Miss Thompson and Mr.
Lippmann would welcome such a
paper, both being scholarly dream
ers.
The Kaiser signed some papers
with Belgium, didn’t he? Stalin
signed with Hitler. And not to make
us too good we went over and fought
Spain when all we lost was a bat
tleship which we now turn out in
one day at the taxpayers' expense.
The world has come to the point
that no one believes any one.
Being a realist, I don't think
human nature has changed since
Adam had his first apple dumpling
in the Garden of Eden.
Russia is now flexing its muscles.
Russia is about where we were in
the '90s. The United States did
some awful things, and you have
got to be. an untruthful historian to
deny It. Russia wants to be big and
powerful and strong and mighty just
as Britain was for hundreds of
years.
Wouldn’t Pay for Paper.
As far as power goes, there are
only two nations on earth that have
the strength and resources to create
another war. Perhaps I am biased,
but I feel that this country would
be honest when and if it sat down
at a table with Russia. But I don't
believe that Russia would.
A man who would believe Stalin
or any of the stem fellows who
work under him would undoubtedly
accept as a fact that bees and flow*
ers come from babies and that
April follows September.
As a taxpayer I don't want t«
contribute to the cost of the paper
that Russia puts its name on. I
am sure that in the background
while the Russians were busy sign
i ing, the Americans would have to
! pull down the windows to shut out
'the noise of 113 divisions training,
23,000 planes buzzing and 25.444
agents reporting on what they had
found out about the democratic na
tions. ,
To sum up: I wouldn't trust Rus
sia as far as I could throw a nice,
well-fed Russian bear.
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