Evening star. [volume], July 12, 1948, Page A-11, Image 11

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
lorth-South Cleavage
Seen Blocking Choice
Of Vice President
Douglas Isn't Popular
With Southerners, but
.Compromise Is Possible
% By David Lawrence
Philadelphia, July 12. — The
Itne lines of cleavage which threat
fed for a while to prevent the
ymlnation of President Truman
& at the moment preventing an
Ireement on who shall be nomi
Kted for Vice President.
' The vice presidential post can go
t the man Mr. Truman picks, as
t controls the convention. But
I 're is no evidence of any desire
1 foreclose the contest by orders
1 : m the White House. On the
1 < itrary, the vice presidential va
< icy affords an opportunity to
: e the delegates a chance to ex
i ss themselves.
n the final analysis, the President
^ i have to step in and Indicate
1 choice. The dilemma is an
< raordinary one. To placate the
f ith is one objective. To placate
1 New Dealers in the North is
t >ther, and to placate the terri
t al claimants is still another,
‘ustice Douglas for Vice President
Jild satisfy the New Dealers but
the South. Senator OMahoney
'iild please the New Dealers and
West but not the South. Rep
Scntative Rayburn of Texas might
Ssfy North and SoutH, as also
4'ild Senator Barkley of Kentucky.
I; Civil Rights Being Settled.
jfaybe in all the talk about eon
tutlonal reforms affecting the
presidency, some day there will
ljthree Vice Presidents. Certainly
JJt had been feasible It would have
finished a way out of the difficulty
ilwhich the Democrats find them
yes this year. If they could select
O from the South, one from the
i Vst, and one from the East they
*ld readily harmonize their party
(Terences.
already the tact of the men be
fid the scenes in the Truman
cnp is settling one serious prob
ki—civil rights. The plan is to
heat the 1944 civil rights plank
J>m the Democratic platform on
aich Franklin Roosevelt ran for
> fourth term. Surely anything
tat Mr. Roosevelt approved would
) considered good enough by the
Dealers. As for the Southern
s, they accepted the plank four
ars ago and can’t go back on it
*w. There will, of course, be efforts
i amend it from both North and
juth but the controversy will end
- not changing a syllable of it.
The collapse of the draft-Eisen
>wer Idea has left the Truman
>rces In control here, and they
ill write the platform. Just as in
l* case of the Republican conven
•on, when the anti-Dewey forces
•wild not agree on a compromise
andidate, so here, too, there is no
clidarity in the opposition to Mr.
''ruman. The only reason why the
Rlsenhower movement gained uni
ersal support was the fact that
pis views on current political and
Economic issues had not been ex
pressed. and each faction thought
|e would adopt their particular
liew later on.
Revolt Not Insignificant.
The revolt inside the Democratic
arty cannot be dismissed as in
ignificant. Even though no op
onent was agreed on by the anti
’ruman forces as the man around
horn to rally, the revolt Is deep
»ated and will not be squelched
V the forthcoming Truman nomi
ation.
Too many of the men here who
re supporting the President do
ot believe he has a ghost of a
hance of being elected next
utumn. There is noticeable air
f defeatism. It will require some
lental acrobatics for the New Deal
rs to embrace the Truman nomf
atlon after the convention.
Yet there is nowhere else to go—
hey do not want to join Henry
Vallace and lose what chance they
night have to reorganize the Dem
ocratic Party along New Deal lines
'f Mr. Truman is beaten this year.
The best chance for harmony
sere lies in a decision on the part
f President Truman not to press
he civil rights issue and to accept
he 1944 plank, and also in a per
onal request by the President to
ustice Douglas to become available
or the vice presidential nomination,
vhich request is said to have been
nade.
The Souht wouldn’t like Douglas.
>ut It would consider the 1944 civil
ights plank as an excellent solution,
rhe New Dealers would be happy
ind maybe Mr. Wallace would re
oin the fold. Anyway hope springs
■ternal in the breasts of all poli
icians, at least until election re
mits are counted.
< Reproduction Rights Reserved^
1
LET 9 HE
SENSIBLE
j .You don't need to trade*in your eld
I car ... in fact you don't need an old
{ car ... to buy a brand new
^AISER-FRAZER
WASHINGTON MOTOR SALES GONE
Distributer-Dealer
*1516 14th St., N.W. ADams 227C
BRAKES
RELINED
White You Wait!
OLDS 60 )
PONTIAC'41 C11 Q5
dodge
buickspec. ’
Duplicate V. C. Testing Machine
Johns-Monville Lining
rCLUTCHES INSTALLED
1-DAY SERVICE
Van HoRT^‘cr
ST. 5361 RE. 9701
429 K St. N.W.
Worst* t>om. Prop. Op«" Sun., 9-4
(
This Changing World
Situation Seen Favorable for New Move
By Russians Despite Difficulties With Tito
By Constantine Brown
Only a handful of the Democratic
delegatee who are meeting today in
Philadelphia to nominate the
party's standard-bearer in Novem
Der are luiiy
i conscious of the
grave crisis
which threatens
the United
' States and the
rest of the
world.
The situation
j in Germany has
entered its final
phase and a new
surprise from
the Kremlin—in
the form either
: of a Communist
uprising in Ber
i lin or the for
Cnitutlai Brava.
mauon or a democratic uermsn
government at Leipzig—is expected
sometime this month.
Some of President Truman’s ad
visers, at both the White House and
State Department, still hope that
dissension within the Eastern block,
as evidenced by Marshal Tito’s
"declaration of independence,” will
restrain the Kremlin conspirators.
These advisers, who in the past
have maintained that the Russian
leaders were merely strutting and
did not intend to get involved in a
major conflict with the West, con
tinue to insist that their thesis is
correct, since the Reds have shied
away from any overt act of hos
tility.
Russian Army Supreme.
Since the crack in the Eastern
wall now has become known to the
outside world the Russians must
realize, these advisers hold, that
their position is worse than a few
weeks ago. This point of view, is
not shared by the majority of other
diplomatic and military observers.
The Russians continue to hold
overwhelming military superiority in
Europe, wljjle we are only begln
ing to increase our military estab
lishment in a modest way; The na
tions of Western Europe have agreed
to stand together defensively, but
until American war materials start
rolling oft the assembly lines, they
will be poorly prepared to resist a
Soviet onslaught.
It is understood that the United
States Government is prepared to
support those Western nations, but
in order to finance their purchases
of war materials a sizable appropri
ation must be voted by Congress,
and that is not possible until Con
gress returns in January.
The deep discontent in the rank
and file of Germans in the West
---
em occupation zones is an impor
tant ace in Russian hands. The
overwhelming majority of Germans,
who accepted Hitler because they
were too lazy to do anything else,
hate communism, which they liken
i to Nazism. They are deeply dis
gusted, however, with the methods
of Western occupation officials.
.Pressure Is Continued.
Three years after Germany's un
conditional surrender the Germans
are still being subjected to a de
gree of pressure which is not known
to the vast majority of the American
people. Although officially the
American Government abandoned
the Morgenthau plan, which aimed
to transform the highly industrial
ized Reich into a pastoral state,
the "wrecking crews” sent from
Washington under that plan—some
of. them German refugees in Ameri
can officers’ uniforms—are still fol
lowing a policy of relentless revenge.
Their power is unlimited in their
own bailiwicks and they wield it
fully.
While Britain. Prance, and Russia
have withdrawn from the Nuern
berg trials, we alone continue to
try all kinds of Germans whose only
guilt was in holding official posi
tion under Hitler. Some of these
"culprits” are known, not only to
the Germans but to the Allies as
i well, as spearheads of the fight
against Hitler and his gang. Nev
I ertheless, they are being prosecuted.
Millions of Germans today are
forbidden to exercise their profes
sions as dentists, physicians, musi
cians and teachers because they
have not yet gone through the de
nazification courts. The bulk of
'them are ordinary nonpolitical per
sons who did their work under the
Kaiser, the Weimar Republic and
finally under the Nazi regime with
out thought of any political impli
cations in their employment. Until
the denazification courts clear them
they are allowed only to dig ditches
or work as farmhands, living on ra
tions which barely keep body and
soul together.
The officers of the occupation
army, and particularly those of the
military government, live in rela
tive luxury, overlooking altogether
the fact that conditions in 1948 are
totally different from those in the
first two years after the war.
Russian agents—principally Ger
man stooges from the Eastern zone
—are infiltrating into the Western
areas and find good ground .for their
anti-Western propaganda, It was
on the' millions of discontented
Western Germans that the Polit
buro counted when it ordered the
Russian high command to assume
its present stiff attitude.
On the Record
Lasting Security With Russians Seen
Impossible Until They Honor Treaties
By Dorothy Thompson
The apparently Insuperable dif
ficulty of creating peace in the
world lies in the demonstrated Soviet
lack of respect for treaties. It is
impossible, tor
instance, to con
clude peace with
Germany, and
thus bring about
the highly de
sirable w i t h
drawal of occu
pation forces,
i except through a
treaty of the Al
lied governments
with I German
government, or
German govern
ments, and with
each other.
But event*
Dorothy Thompson.
since the conclusion of hostilities
startlingly demonstrate that for the
Soviet Union a treaty or a signed
agreement is nothing but a scrap
of paper, and since all great powers
have the veto right no international
instrument exists for the enforce
ment of treaties.
The late Associate Justice Holmes
when asked what conditions are
essential to any civilization named,
as I recall it, only four. But one of
these was respect for contract. It is
obvious that without legal means of
enforcing contracts, society would
relapse into anarchy. There could
be no reliable exchange of goods
and services, no stable conditions
of employment, no co-operation in
volving money, no security In land
or other property—in fact, no se
curity at all. ,
Breaking Treaties Is Crime.
Pacific relations between sover
eign states only can rest on solemn
agreements and treaties between
them. This is so-generally under
stood that breach of a treaty is
considered In International law as
a hostile act. Breaches of treaties
were charged against German lead
ers as war crimes. And the San
Francisco Charter states !in its
third paragraph that the charter
of the United Nations exists “to
establish conditions under which
• • • respect for the obligations
arising from treaties • • • can be
maintained.”
Now. what conceivable security
can be won from continuing to con
clude treaties however they may,
in their texts, appear to have set
tled disagreements, with a partner
whose record shows that he signs
only to disregard?
The June 6 issue of the State
Department bulletin—issued before
the latest Soviet moves in Berlin—
Don't ask an
. educated
i
seal
Look In
the Yellow
Pages—your
Classified
telephone
k Directory
for
Pianos
Phonograph Records
Restaurant Equipment
or alaoat anythin* aim
I
• i
publishes the text of a document
submitted to the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee, which lists in
detail 38 specific Soviet violations
of treaty obligations assumed toward
the United States and other allies
in the Potsdam protocols, the de
cisions of the Control Council, the
armistice agreements, the Yalta
agreements, and the Sino-Soviet
treaty and agreements of August,
1945.
No Assurance of Good Faith.
There have been 10 indubitable
violations of agreements reached
concerning Germany, seven in
Austria; and two violations of the
most basic agreement concerning
Poland. Three basic agreements re
garding Hungary have been vio
lated in 14 separate acts. And six
agreements regarding Bulgaria,
three regarding Rumania, four re
garding Korea, and three regarding
Manchuria have been breached—
every one of thorn fundamental to
the whole intent and purpose of
the treaties and agreements.
Therefore, if we again come to
terms with the Soviets tomorrow,
what assurance have we that the
terms will not be violated in a day,
a week, or a month? We have no
assurance whatever. Experience
proves the contrary. There is no
stakeholder. No bonds are posted.
No court has jurisdiction against
the unwillingness of the defaulter to
submit the case.
We are, therefore, Just where we
started when Hitler, by violating
treaty aftei^treaty, reached the
point where only war could stop
him. The Soviets (and all Com
imunists) believe that, by reason of
their more advanced system and
ideology, they are a law unto them
selves. But the concept that no
person can be a law unto himself
and that no state can be a law
unto itself, if civilization is to sur
vive at all, represents considerably
more progress than the whole Com
munist ideology. From that concept
all retreat is recessive, leading to
chaos, perpetual fear, Justified su
spicion, and war.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc*
ILOUIE —By Harry Hanan
, i =.
| GARPCN SUPft^E!
I I
GARDEN SUPPLIES
v —_m t=d_-1
I I X ] p, I.—. I II
GARDEN SUPPLIES GARDEN SUPPLIES
v"\ ' —' r-J " "
South May Still Walk Out
Truman’s Choice of Douglas for Ticket
Heightens Democratic Sectional Split
By Doris Fleeson
PHILADELPHIA, July 12.VThis
may yet be the historic convention
which sees the South walk out on
the Democratic Party.
Already bitter against President
Truman’s cham
pionship of civil
rights, the South
found fresh
grievances today
in his choice of
Associate Justice
William O. Doug
las for Vice Presi
dent and began
fighting the
Douglas boom.
Justice Douglas
is too liberal for
them; he has
shared in Su
preme Court de
cisions relent
Dorii Fln»a.
lessly driving the South into a comer
on the colored question.
It is still a confused situation with
the great names of the party deep
in contradictions and at cross-pur
poses; nevertheless, they are the
stars in a historic drama.
The position at 8 o’clock last
night was as follows:
The President had again tele
phoned Justice Douglas late Satur
day night. This time he not only
offered him second place, he begged
him to take it.
Douglas Hesitated.
Justice Douglas hesitated. He did
promise the President a final an
swer Sunday night or Monday.
Talking by telephone that same
night to a friend here, Justice Doug
las asked for a minute description
of what was happening. He in
quired about delegate sentiment and
Jested in the most carefree manlier
about Democrats prospects. He was
clearly tempted by the Truman offer.
While this went on, Leslie Biffle,
chairman of the Democratic policy
committee of the Senate, a Truman
intimate and a member of the cam
paign brain trust personally chosen
by Mr. Truman, let it slip that he
favored Senator Barkley for Vice
President.
Many delegates and reporters,
aware of the Biffle-Truman friend
ship, figured that must be the Tru
man pitch. However, this time Mr.
Biffle was casting his lot against
Mr. Truman and with the Sena
; tors whom he cherishes and de
; fends every day of his life. Also he
I is from Arkansas, Senator Barkley
from Kentucky.
Mr. Biffle, incidentally, is ser
geant-at-arms of the convention,
j That means he’s the ticket-dispenser
and the strategic man in such mat
ters as packing the hall and dem
onstrations that could be vital in a
floor fight.
Southerners Mobilized.
Saturday night, also. Senator
: Barkley dined wjth friends, prepared
to sink his perfect teeth into a 3-inch
steak—he’s never had a filling and
only one tooth (wisdom) pulled and
he’ll be 71 in November—and said:
"Nobody at the White House has
talked to me about the vice presi
dency.” *
By Sunday morning, friends of
| other aspirants and the Southern
i ers were mobilizing. Their slogan:
"When the amateurs get finished,
we'll nominate a Vice President. ’
The amateurs, they were not reti
S cent about admitting, were Mr. Tru
i man, his ardently pro-Douglas aide,
Clark Clifford, and Justice Douglas.
Trapped in the middle. National
I Chairman McGrath still insisted he
! was only umpiring. ( He got one
break during the day: Mr. Clifford
came here with a blow-by-blow rd
[ port of what the White House was
doing and what it wanted.
“YES, SON, YOU MAY
HAVE THE GAR TONIGHT”
It’s been checked by Beal '
Motors, according to the safety
requirements of D. C. inspec*
tion centers.
This safety check of brakes,
lights, and front end is done
WITHOUT CHARGE by
Beal Motors.
m REPAIRS FOR ALL MAKES
v m OF CARS AND TRUCKS
Direct
Factory Dealer
' DODGE
PLYMOUTH
14th & Rhode Island Are. N.E. HO. 4400
"Wathington’t Automotive Headquartert"
1 Meanwhile, the New Yorx ieaa
| er* were lining up on opposite sides,
i James A. Farley checked in at
; noon and the Southerners, who have
always liked him and consider him
one of theirs alnce he now works
for Coca-Cola, trooped in. So did
anti-Douglas people from Indiana
and the President’s own State of
Missouri.
Flynn Phoned Douglas.
Mr. Farley's anti-Douglas blast,
his list of five better candidates—
including Senator Barkley—and his
implied rebuke of the party leaders
who called the anti-Truman caucus
soon followed.
In a neighboring hotel, Ed Flynn,
the Bronx boss, and State Chairman
Paul Fitzpatrick of New York,
aided and abetted by Missourian
Robert E. Hannegan, former nation
al chairman, were telephoning Jus
tice Douglas, urging him to run.
Apparently it didn’t bother them
that they were prominent among
those who stopped Justice Douglas,
one of President Roosevelt’s two
choices, in ’44, A little irony like
the fact they were now begging him
to rescue Mr. Truman to whom they
handed the ’44 prize hardly matters
in the present party crisis.
It is not difficult either to parse
Mr. Farley. He blames the New
Dealers, of whom Justice Douglas
is 'one, for alienating President
Roosevelt and destroying Mr. Far
ley’s '40 chances to run if not for
President, for Vice President with
Cordell Hull. He is at odds with
Mr. Flynn and Mr. Fitzpatrick and
perhaps at this point more influen
tial outside New York State than
in it. And Mr. Farley has never for
gotten that a Southerner—Carter
Glass—nominated him in ’40 when
few had the courage to fight Mr.
Roosevelt, so he fights for the South.
Senator Barkley surveyed the
darkling plain with his usual toler
ance. But he warned one national
committeeman:
“I’ll run only If the White House
asks me and they better ^hurry. I
don’t want any of those warmed
over biscuits."
__s
Rebecca West Finds
Eisenhower Wise to
Avoid Nomination
By Rebecca West
Special Correspondent of The Star
PHILADELPHIA. July 12. — A
few days before the Republican
convention I was sitting in an of
| flee belonging to one among the
j great ones of the earth, and I heard
ft &CUCMU) CA"
claiming on the
telephone, "Oh,
you must put in
at least anoth
er six shirts for
him he will heed
all you can give
him down at
Philadelphia."
This was my
first introduc
tion to the
laundry angle of
the convention,
which was to
loom large in
my eyes again
Rebecca Wcat.
and again during the conven
tion, particularly when I was stand
ing on my desk watching a demon
stration. Hundreds of factories must
have chugged away at the Job of
soap making and thousands upon
thousands of women must have
opened up their washing machines
and set up their ironing boards to
cope with the underwear worked on
by these aggressive phases of the
solar and political systems acting
in conjunction.
My fellow passengers on the train
leaving New York gave me an un
easy feeling that only from the
laundry angle is that convention
going to take place. The external
forms will be preserved. There will
be the long hours spent in the blare
of the microphones and the glare
of the Klieg lights at the conven
tion hall and the cheering and
the parades. But it is dreaded that;
nothing real will happen.
Eisenhower Seen Clever.
“Plenty would have happened,”!
grumbled a boy to his companion,
sitting opposite me, “if Eisenhower
would have run.” His companion
said eagerly, “But Eisenhower will
run yet. You wait, they will get
him to run yet.”
When they got out two elderly
ladies took their place and they said
the same. They were Republicans,
they boasted, but not so bigoted
that they would not let their coun
try’s good come first, and though
they had nothing against Mr.
Dewey, they would vote for Gen.
Eisenhower if and when he stood.
That made me feel how, clever
Eisenhower was not to stand. These I
people wanted to vote for him not
as a man but as a symbol, out of
a nostalgic longing for the time of j
war when the burden of choice
was lifted from the ordinary citizen
and we all followed the regulations;
and were steered to victory. I won
der If the moderation of the enthu
siasm felt for Mr. Dewey Is not
due to his failure to appeal to this
desire for an escape from the harsh j
daylight world. He does not belong
to the dream world, though I have
no doubt that if his campaign man
agers had thought that It was a
good place for him to be, he would
have got there somehow.
General Seen Symbol.
The curious intentness of these
people on Gen. Elsenhower, their
refusal to recognize his refusal to
stand even when it had taken this
last and unmistakable form, showed
that they were not Interested In
the real man but only in the symbol.
And therefore Gen. Eisenhower
would have had a terrible time had
he stood and been nominated and
elected, for he would have func
tioned as a real man contending
with reality.
A military hero has -a hard time
anyway when he is converted into
a peacetime administrator. Every
time such a general does anything
that does not turn out to be im
mediately and definitely recogniz
able as right and expedient every
man who has ever served in the
Army and achieved a lesser rank
than general gets an emotional re
lease by indulging in bitter criticism.
This tendency will be very strong
in a year or two when the debunk
ing movement towards the last war
starts going. For of course there
will come a time fairly soon when
young people, and a sour stratum
among their elders who like to have
influence among the young, will
emerge and tell us that we should
have been able to get along with
Hitler and Mussolini and the Japs,
and that our willingness to get
killed and wounded in fighting them
was a form of hypocrisy and self
interest.
Dewey Opposition Not Real.
So I was sorry for the disappoint
ment of the boys and the elderly
ladies, but glad that a man who
seems to be thought able and up
right by everybody that comes close
enough to him to get his real flavor
should have fourid a place to exer
cise his ability where it would not
be blown upon by the sharp winds
which vent the elected. How un
pleasant these are I realize when
I hear people grieving that Gen.
Eisenhower will not stand and find
that they are moved by the feeling
that'this was the one candidate who
could defeat Mr. Dewey, although -
they have nothing against Mr.
Dewey which is real.
They just cannot bear him to be
President because he so obviously
wants to be President. This is
mean and petty and childish, and
|it makes me feel at home again in
Great Britain. For over in Great
| Britain we do not give Herbert
j Morrison the credit he ought to
| have because he is so like the spec
! tacled boy we all knew at school,
; the boy with the big head who took
iall the prizes and was always right
about everything. It is because
! there is so much meanness in the
j world that it seems so good to see
: people on the floor of the conven
tion hall manifesting generous en
thusiasm. and it will be a loss for
all of us if there is nothing more
to the Democratic convention than
the laundry angle.
/ TRANSFER ft STORAGE CO. I
I 460 New York Are. N.W NA. 1070 |
l
j •
[ _
HMRI WO
...because el ARTRA
THI SHAMPOO WITHOUT TIARS
t. It* rich lather contain* no *o*t> a»
harah alkali to smart children's eye*.
2. Clean* hair cleaner, leave* h*lr
brighter, more luitrou* than any soap
or soap shampoo.
2. Pure white rleam In a tube. No tar or
bottle to aplll or break. No liquid t*
trickle In children'* eye*.
ARTRA "Soaplass-Lather" Cream Shampoo
at all drui counters.60c also II
'Cynthia B. Fulwilar. Alexandria, Va.
Largo Salo of Dotirablo Houaohold and Office
FURNITURE
including Antique$
OFFICE DESKS — CHAIRS — TYPEWRITER — BOOKCASES
NEW ESTATE DEEP FREEZE UNIT — PIANO
CHINA — GLASS — ORNAMENTS — WATCHES
tv order Vincent t. Toomev. Executor estate Clara Menke: Elizabeth Ltovd.
Committee el Mary lee Ooddard: Storage Companles and other Coniignort
By Auction
AT WESCHLER’S—905 E ST. N.W.
* TOMORROW
Commencing t:St o’clock AM., Continuing Until late A/ternoon
Antiques include: Victorian drawing room group, cheats of drawers,
mirrored door, wardrobe, mirrors, pair fold top tables, beds, etc. High
grade modern mahogany bedroom group, new lounge chairs and mir
rors; dining, dinette and living room groups; odd chests of drawers,
dressers, china eases, twin and double beds, coil and bos springs,
felt and inner-spring mattresses, Ice refrigerators, table and floor
lamps and numerous other Items of household furnishings.
' AlAN 1
WITH
V . •
Tastes Better... Costs. Less!
When that lazy feelin’ cornea astealin’... it’s mighty pleasant to just relax
and sip iced A&P Coffee! More and more people are doing it, too ... lot
America’s favorite coffee makes an iced' drink that really satisfies hot
weather thirst. It’s bean-fresh coffee, Custom Ground for best results in
your coffeemaker. Compare the flavor—compare the price with the coffee
you’re now using. Chances are you’ll join the swing to A&P Coffee—it’g
the thing to do!
EIGHT O'CLOCK
Mild and Mallow
RID CIRCLE
Rich and Full-Bodied
ftOKAft
'V if or out uud Fh&p
£ 45e
3£*P
36