Evening star. [volume], July 18, 1948, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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"'96th Year. No. 200._ * WASHINGTON, D. C., JULY 18, 1948-134 PAGES. * gflgg. TEN CENTS.
Reds Ready to Fly Many Planes
k In Allied Lane; U. S., Britain
■ Seek Showdown at Risk of War
f Russians Believed
Pushing Berlin Crisis
To Danger Point
GEN. DONOVAN URGES World
wide Countersqueeze on Soviet.
Page A-2.
BERLIN CRISIS LAID to Winant's
Refusal to Demand Corridor. A-2.
By th* Associated Press
The Russians announced yes
terday that some of their big
transports would join Yak fight
ers on extensive training flights
across Allied air corridors
through which American and
British planes are ferrying sup
plies to Berlin.
Meanwhile high officials in Wash
ington expressed the belief that
Russia is pressing the Berlin crisis
dangerously close to war.
These officials now rate high the
possibility of oiB$ or more deadly in
cidents in the air corridors, and
many of them feel that hotheads in
the all-powerful Russian Politburo
have gained the upper hand over
the more cautious members.
The Russian announcement of
forthcoming maneuvers said that
planes from practically every So
viet aid field along the air corridors
would be involved. Bad weather
prevailed yesterday, however, and
little Soviet activity was noted im
mediately.
The Russians said some of their
planes would be on blind flying
practice in the corridors to Berlin.
Two Theories Discussed.
Two theories are being discussed
by government policy makers:
1. The Russians may be propelled
into rash actions by fear that they
are losing ground in Eastern Europe
and need a spectacular victory to
recover.
2..The Russians may want war.
They might have decided that they
could quickly sweep over Europe
this year before American rearma
ment is well under way and before
Western European economic and
military strength are restored.
One highly-placed authority re
.ported that the Russians appeared
to be misjudging entirely the deter -
• mination of the Western powers to
stick in Berlin. He withheld the
use of his name.
Blockade Has Continued.
If this analysis is correct, it means
s complete failure to date of the
American-British-French diploma
tic effort to impress on the Kremlin
the firmness of their Berlin policies.
The Russian blockade of Berlin has
continued.
Since the end of World War II
State Department and military ex
perts here have generally taken the
line that a new conflict—with Rus
sia—could only result from blunder
ing by one side or the other in the
“cold war.’’ Berlin has always been
regarded as one of the danger
points; others have included Vienha
and Trieste. .
One of the things which worries
State Department officials now is
that they can't figure out where any
restraining influence can originate
in the present crisis when Russia
is directly involved.
Some Actions Provocative.
Some of Russia's actions were de
scribed as almost directly provoc
ative. An example is the deliberate
assignment of an unusually large
number of planes to make training
fights in areas where American or
British transport craft may run in
to them.
According to one theory much
discussed by Government policy
makers, the Russians may be
pressed into rash actions by a kind
of desperate fear that they are
losing ground in Eastern Europe
and need some spectacular triumph
to recover. Much importance is
attached here to the rebellion of
Marshal Tito against Moscow's dic
tation and to the recent Communist
setback in the Finnish elections.
Such things, according to this
theory, have put the Politburo in
a mood to listen to its extremist
members and to make risky de
cisions.
From Secretary of State Marshall
down, there is still hope that firm
ness will win out and that a solution
may be found for the Berlin crisis.
That hope seems to be weaker now
than it was a W’eek ago before the
Soviets had rejected the Western
power demands and before they
" (See BERLIN, Page A-3.)
25 Killed in Crash
01 Plane Oil Macao
By th« Aisocioted Pratt
HONG KONG, July 17>—At least
aix Americans and two Canadians
were listed tonight among 25 dead
In the crash of a flying boat en
route from Macao to Hong Kong.
There was one survivor, Wong
Yu, a Hong Kong Chinese. He said
he leaped out of a window, breaking
both legs, as the big Catalina hit
the sea and exploded four miles
east of Macao about 6:30 pm. Fri
day. A Chinese Junk picked hire
up'.
The body of a Canadian, H. G
Stewart, assistant Hong Kong man
ager of the Texas Co., was recovered
today.
Fishing nets were being used ir
efforts to locate the sunken wreck
age and other bodies.
Cathay Pacific Airways, operator*
of the plane, listed American*
aboard as Mrs. D. Nelson and hei
son and daughter; Mr. and Mrs
H. M. R. Hodgson, and Dale Cramer
pilot.
Names of others among the 22
passengers and crew of four (all
without nationality or address) in
cluded K. S. MacFufT, second pilot;
R. L. Frost, traffic manager; Mrs,
C. M. S. Smith and Mrs. N. Hum
. phrevs.
k Cause of the crash was not known.
m \.
> —— ■ — .- - —
Move Seen to Win Kremlin
To General Peace Settlement
Present Constant Threat Balks Recovery
In Western Europe, Top Officials Feel
(The writer of the following
dispatch it chairman of the
board of the Minneapolis Star
and Tribune Co., president of
Look Magazine and o.' the Des
Moines Register and Tribune.)
By Gardner Cowles
LONDON, July 17.—The United
States and England have decided
on a showdown with Russia to
achieve a peace settlement even
at the risk of war.
Their hope is that if we can con
vince the Kremlin that we are
ready to fight, as the only alterna
tive to further appeasement and re
treat by us in Eastern Europe, then
Russia will decide the time has come
for a general.peace settlement.
Top British and American officials
have concluded that continuation of
the present constant threat, and ap
prehension of war would prevent
any real recovery in Western Europe,
even with aid under the Marshall
Plan.
Hence the only alternative is to
try to force a general peace settle
ment, setting the boundary of the
Soviet sphere of influence at a line
we feel we can permanently hold by
military, economic and political
means.
Then and only then do our of
ficials feel Western Europe and
England can permanently be re
constructed.
This is the meaning of our pres
ent firmness in Berlin. Our officials
believe anti-Soviet feeling is rising1
in Germany, Scandinavia, Czecho
slovakia and i» the Balkans. They
feel that this is the strategic time
to force a showdown with Russia.
If the Kremlin is really deter
mined on war it is better to have it
now, they reason, than a year or
two hence, when Western Europe
might be discouraged about recov
ery and uncertain about American
support.
Both the Labor Government and
the Conservative Party in England
are united in feeling that any re
treat from Berlin would be another
Munich, which would so disillusion
all Europe as to make it an easy
prey for Communist conspiracies.
Our officials expect to take the
Berlin dispute before the United
Nations’ Assembly soon to get an
overwhelming vote approving our
position and censoring Russia, hence
strengthening our moral position in
the eyes of world opinion.
The next 90 days may well bring
war or the basis of a permanent
peace.
Thirteen top men in the Kremlin
'will decide which it is to be.
(Released by the Minneapolis
Sunday Tribune.»
First 48 Super Forts
Reach British Bases
Carrying Loaded Guns
Fly Through Bad Weather;
Last Dozen of 60 B-29$
To Arrive This Morning
ly the Associated Press
SCAMPTON, England, July 17.
—Giant Super Fortresses flying
with fully loaded guns zoomed
Into British bases today in a
spectacular display of America’s;
air might.
They were manned chiefly by com
bat-hardened crews. They touched
down at Scampton, Waddington and
Marham Fields on the western edge
of East Anglia—the flat country
from which the 8th Air Force
mounted its World War II attacks
against Germany.
Those fields were chosen as- bases
because of the length of their run
ways.
Crews Confined to Bases.
The Super Forts’ bomb bays were
empty. When the planes landed,
the gunners carefuKy removed the
belts of ammunition from the gun
feedways. The crews were confined
to their bases for 48 hours. No ex
planation was given.
The first 48 of the bombers arrived
today. A dozen more are still to
come from Goose Bay, Labrador,
with the next arrival due at dawn.
United States Air Force officials said
servicing crews at Goose Bay were
too small to get all 60 planes off
todgy.
Some of the Super Forts were
diverted to Prestwick, Scotland. Ten
landed at Waddington. Twenty
came in at Marham and 12 at
Scrampton. The first arrivals
landed in bright sunlight, but those
that arrived tonight landed in a
drizzling rain.
Lt. Carl W. Stucki of Portland,
Ore., a navigator on one of the
late arrivals, said his plane flew
through "strictly bad weather
soup all the way.” i
Six Squadrons Involved.
Officially the Super Forts—the
; plane which seared the hearts of
many Japanese cities during the
war—are on a routine navigational
training exercise. Six squadrons of
the 28th Group from Rapid City,
S. D. and the 307th Group from
MacDill Field, Fla., are involved. |
Officers who made the flight
treated it as a coincidence that the
move came at a time of rising ten- i
sion between Russia and the West-!
ern Allies over the blockade of
j lin. The Americans and British are
continuing their all out drive to
feed Berlin's 2,000.000-odd Germans1
with airborne supplies. And the,
Russians are threatening to put a
squeeze on Allied planes flying the
air corridors to Berlin.
In Wiesbaden, Germany, Lt. Gen.
Curtis E. Lemay said the Super
Forts will engage in simulated
bombing missions while in Britain.
; He said they also will engage in
“normal routine training flights.”
Gen. Lemay, commander of the
United States Air Force in Europe,
said the huge B 29s probably will
land at American bases in Germany
"from time to time during the
course of their missions.”
Col. John Henry of Charlotte,
See SUPER FORTS, Page~A^3.f
Brooks Quits Senate Racer
Seeks to Keep House Seat
ly Associated Press
SHREVEPORT, La., July 17.—
Representative Brooks, Democrat,
of Louisiana, withdrew tonight from
the race for Senate seat of his uncle,
the late Senator Overton.
He announced he will seek re
election as Representative from the
4th Congressional District.
The other candidate in the Senate
race are Russell Long, son of the
late Senator Long and nephew of
Gov. Earl K. Long, and Judge Rob
ert F. Kennon, who unsuccessfully
opposed Gov. Long in the guberaa
1 tori&l race early this year. 1
4 I
Italian Troops, Police
Pursuing 3,000 Reds
Who Terrorized Town
t |
Fresh Violence Reported
As Forces Close in on
Fugitives Near Florence
By the Associated Press
ROME, July 17.—Italian sol
diers and police in armored cars
closed in tonight on 3,000 Com
munist-led insurgents who took
to the hills after terrorizing a
village near Florence.
Troops from Florence and Siena
R-ere rushed to Abbadia San Sal
vatore last night after nearly half
the town’s population rose up in
violence. They attacked the tele-;
phone station, spread terror through
the streets and shot two policemen
i,o death.
Police barricaded all roads lead
ing to the town, seized a quantity
of arms and arrested 30 persons.
Most of the terrorists, however, fled
into the thickly-wooded slopes of
nearby Mount Amiata. A number
of women were reported to be in the
group.
New Violence Reported.
One Rome newspaper reported
that troops had made their first
contact with the terrorists this
afternoon and that new violence
had broken out. There was no
official confirmation of this report.
While the soldiers searched the
woods, other troops guarded Ab
badia San Salvatore and nearby
mercury mines.
It was the only report of violence
in Italy tonight as the nation re
turned to normal after Communist
led strikes and riots which followed
the attempted assassination Wed
nesday of Palmiro Togliatti, the
Communist boss.
Doctors attending Togliatti said
his condition tonight was "station
ary.” During the day he was re-.
ported to be improving. He was not
out of danger but a medical bulle
tin said he was better.
It was expected that Antonio
Pallante, the Sicilian student who
shot Togliatti, would get a speedy
trial. Preparation for his trial was
expected to be completed within 10
days.
False Bulletins Charged.
To Communist Umberto Terracini,
who vistied him today, Togliatti
said: "I feel a little better.”
The Communist-line newspaper
La Republica renewed Communist
charges tonight that the government
had falsified medical bulletins of
Togliatti’s condition for a radio
broadcast. ,
Communist deputies charged yes
terday that the governmnet-con
trolled radio had re-worded medical
reports to picture Togliatti’s condi
tion as better than it actually was.
It was announced in the Senate
that a Communist-initiated motion
of "no confidence” in the govern
ment would be debated Tuesday.
Communists have accused the gov
ernment of using illegal force to
break a 36-hour general strike and
of resorting to “fascistic oppression.”
Workers in the Motta food factory
(See rrALY~Page A-8.)
Thousands Will Pay Homage
To Pershing at Capitol Today
Body to Lie Where Lincoln's Once Rested;
3,000 to Attend Arlington Rites Tomorrow
By Herman F. Schaden
In the simple grandeur of the
Capitol rotunda, where once lay
the bodies of Abraham Lincoln
and the Unknown Soldier, Gen
eral of the Armies John J. Persh
ing will receive a hero’s farewell
today.
The remains of the World War I
leader will lie in state there from 3
to 9 p.m. today and from 9 a.m. to
noon tomorrow.
Before the body is borne to the
green hills of Arlington Cemetery |
for final rites at 3 p.m. tomorrow,
thousands of soldiers and citizens i
are expected to pass the flag-draped j
casket.
Additional thousands will line the:
route over which the funeral cortege
will wind to the slow cadence of1
marching men and the doleful elat- i
ter of horses' hooves as the caisson
rolls along.
The funeral procession of 3,500
men of arms, displaying mechanized
strength little dreamed of in Gen.
Pershing's fighting days and with a
covey of jet planes above bespeak
ing greater things to come, will be
the greatest of its kind since the
Unknown Soldier was carried to this
same resting place 27 years ago.
Bier at Walter Reed.
The procession will leave the Cap
itol at 1:10 p.m. Rnd will require an
hour to reach the cemetery's Memo
rial Gate. #
Yesterday, while hundreds of dig
nitaries were coming to Washington
for the funeral, intimates, friends
and patients at Walter Reed Hospital
passed the general’s bier in the ivy
clad, gray stone hospital chapel.
At 1 p.m. today his body will be
escorted to the Capitol. The pro
cession will go north on Fourteenth
street to Alaska avenue, on Alaska
avenue to Sixteenth street, on Six
teenth street to Massachusetts av
enue to New Jersey avenue, on New
Jersey avenue to Constitution av
enue, on Constitution avenue to Del
aware avenue and the entrance to
the East Plaza of the Capitol.
A motorized detachment of 12
armed scout cars will escort the
hearse to the Capitol, followed by
cars for body bearers, members of
the families and a police guard.
The escort will be headed by Maj.
Gen. Hobart R. Gray, commanding
general of the Military District of
Washington.
Army Band to Play.
The Army band, established by
order of Gen. Pershing in 1922, and
wearing the gray uniforms suggested
by the general, will play "Nearer
My God to Thee” as the body is
borne into the Rotunda.
Awaiting the procession at the
East Plaza will be a group of dig
nitaries including Army Secretary
Royall, Navy Secretary Sullivan, Air
Force Secretary Symington, Army
Chief of Staff Bradley and Deputy
Chief of Staff Collins.
The Senate will be represented by
Senators Ecton, Republican, of Mon
tana; Watkins, Republican, of
Utah; Barkley, Democrat, of Ken
tucky: Tydings, Democrat, of Mary
land; Thomas, Democrat, of Utah,
and Hayden, Democrat, of Arizona.
On hand for the House will be
Representatives Hallock, Republi
can, of Illinois: Woodruff, Repub
lican, of Michigan: Johnson, Re
publican, of California; Cannon,
Democrat, of Missouri; Sasscver,
Democrat, of Maryland, and Lea,
Democrat, of California.
The public will be admitted at 3
p.m. at the east entrance only and
will file past both sides of the cask
et. The catafalque on which the
casket will rest is unchanged from
Rest of Capitol Will Be Closed
While Pershing Lies in Rotunda
While the body of Gen. Pershing
lies in state in the rotunda of the
Capitol today and tomorrow, the
rest of the building will be closed
to the public, Capitol Architect
David Lynn said yesterday.
The public will be allowed to view
the body from 3 o’clock this after
noon to 9 o'clock tonight. Tomor
I row the doors of the rotunda will be
opened again from 9 a m. until noon.
The general’s body will lie in state
on a bier in the center of the
rotunda.
Mr. Lynn announced these ar
rangements:
1 Visitors will be allowed only to
use the East entrance to the Cap
itol. They will form a column four
abreast up the East stairs to the
East entrance of the rotunda. At
the rotunda doors, they will be split
into two single flies.
These two files will pass on either
side of the bier. The two. lines then
will pass across the rotunda and go
out the opposite door on the West
side.
Mr. Lynn emphasized that no
cameras will be allowed in the Cap
itol ‘except those of the working
press.
The Capitol will be opened to
visitors tomorrow afternoon after
the funeral procession has departed.
I
the day of Lincoln except that a
larger base has been added.
Describing the scene on the oc
casion of Lincoln's death, The Star
said on April 20. 1865:
“The corpse was laid on a cata
falque, which was designed by B. B.
French, jr., erected in the center of
the rotunda, by Mr. Job W. Angus
and others. The base is one foot
high, 8!i feet long and 4 feet wide
and is covered with a fine black
cloth.
■ “The dais is 2 feet high. 7 feet
long and 2U feet wide. At each
comer of the dais is a sloping union
column, representing bundles of
fasces tied with silver lace.
“This dais is also covered with
black cloth and heavy festoon of the
same material, which is edged with
silver fringe hung on either side,
being gathered in the center with
< See “PERSHIN07Page~A^4 J
12 Killed, 30 Hurt
In 10 Air Raids on
Capital of Israel
Fighting in Jerusalem
Stops; Count Bernadotte
Returning to Palestine
By the Associated Pres*
CAIRO, July 17. — Fighting
stopped in Jerusalem today but
the war roared on elsewhere in
the Middle East.
Twelve Jews were killed and about
30 injured in a record series of 10
air raids on the Israeli capital from
dawn to midnight tonight, an offi
cial source said.
An Israeli government source said
among the buildings hit were a
synagogue, a home for the aged, a
first aid station, a health center and
a number of residences.
One Plahe Shot Down.
It was officially announced that
one attacking plane was shot down.
It plunged into the sea. _
Jewish planes carried out raids
or. Damascus, capital of Syria, and
on Arab troops concentrations in
Northern Galilee and in the Sa
maria district near Tulkarm.
The Arab plane which crashed
into the sea was an American-made
DC-3 transport plane.
Two air raid alarms were sounded
in Cairo tonight, but no casualties
or damage were reported.
Anti-aircraft guns were reported
in action against Jewish planes
which bombed Cairo for the first
time last Thursday night.
Three persons suspected of being
Jews and signalling to the planes
from Cairo Square were beaten hy
a mob. Later they were taken to a
poliee station for questioning.
Bernadotte Returning.
Count Folke Bernadotte headed
for the Holy Land with the belief
that the Arabs will accept the
United Nations cease-fire order be
fore the three-dav time limit ex
pires at 11 a.m. iE.D.T.) tomorrow.
Israel accepted the cease-fire yester
day provided the Arabs agree.
But there is little expectation
here that the Arabs will obey the
U. N. order. Many Arabs here be
lieve the Arab states will (I> con
tinue fighting; t21 wait to see
whether the Security Council will
adopt sanctions; and (3) then de
cide whether to impose counter
sanctions, such as suspending oil
(See-PALESTINE, Page A-2.) '
Another Hot Day Forecast
Despite Spotty Showers
Spotty showers pelted the Metro
politan area early last night, but!
the Weather Bureau said they would
bring no relief from "hot and
humid” again today.
The forecast included a high tem
perature of about 90, partly cloudy
and possible afternoon or evening
showers today.
Fair and not so warm is pre
dicted for tomorrow.
By going into fractions, the bu
reau also explained that tempera
tures have peached an average high
for the year and are on the down
grade. The year’s average high
was reached Friday, but the de
crease will be too small to notice.
The high temperature yesterday
was 88 degrees at 9:50 pm.; the
low, 70 degrees at 1:35 am
CIO Scores Congress,
Publishes 'Guide'
To Voting Records
Members Given 'Right'
Or 'Wrong' Ratings
On 16 Major Issues
By th* Associated Press
The CIO yesterday published a
“voting guide’’ on the Eightieth
Congress and urged heavy bal
loting in November to elect a set
of lawmakers “responsive to the
needs of the people.”
The labor organization, claiming
more than 6,000,000 members, sufti
med up a bitter denunciation of
Congress’ record with almost the
same words used by President Tru
man on his recent western tour:
"(It is) the record of one of the
worst Congresses in this Nation's
history.”
An accompanying statement by
CIO President Philip Murray said:
“If all the people, or a substantial
majority of them, use their preci
ous democratic rights this .Novem
ber, we can change the complexion
of Congress. If the people vote, they
will get a people’s Congress.”
Voting Record Given.
The "Guide” consisted of the vot
ing record of Senators and Repre
sentatives on 16 key issues in the
House and Senate.
Five Democratic Senators—Bark
ley of Kentucky, the Democratic vice
presidential nominee; Murray of
Montana, O'Mahoney of Wyoming
and Green and McGrath of Rhode
Island—all had 100 per cent "right”
voting scores in the CIO list.
Three Senators had completely
"wrong” records as far as the CIO
saw their votes on the 16 issues, i
They were O’Daniel, Democrat of
Texas; Butler, Republican of Ne
braska and Williams, Republican df
Delaware.
In the House 30 members,
all Democrats, voted consistently
“right”: Representatives Douglas,
Havenner, Holifleld and Miller of
California: Carroll of Colorado;
Dawson, Gordon, Gorsky, Price and
Sabath of Illinois; Madden of In
diana; Kennedy of Massachusetts;
Dingell and Lesinski of Michigan;
Karsten of Missouri; Norton of New
Jersey; Celler, Delaney, Heffeman,
Klein, Lycnh and Multer of New
York; Crosser, Huber and Feighan
of Ohio; Fogerty and Foran of
Rhode Island; Eberharter and Mor
gan of Pennsylvania, and kee of
West Virginia.
The issues used to measure the
voting of Congress members includ
ed: the Taft-Hartley Labor Act,
anti-inflation measures, housing,
rent control, taxes, European aid,
fund cuts for the Labor Depart
ment, reciprocal trade, and social
security.
"The 80th Congress made beauti
ful music for the rich, the privi
leged, the powerful,” the CIO's
(See-CIO, Page A-4.)
Romania Kills Vatican Pact
BUCHAREST, Romania, July 17
WP).—'The Romanian government has
annulled an agreement providing
for relations with the Vatican, it
was announced today. It was ex-;
plained that this was necessary to!
give effect to this country's consti
tutional guarantee of complete re
ligious freedonp.
Thurmond, Wright
Selected to Head
States7 Rights Ticket
Truman Likely
To Seek Price
Curbs, Rationing
Expected to Submit
'Up-to-Date' Program
To Fight Inflation
By Chalmers M. Roberts
President Truman is expected
to ask the special session of Con
gress for authority to impose
consumer price controls as the
chief feature of an “up-to-date”
version of the 10-point anti-in
flation program he first outlined
eight months ago, The Star
learned last night.
White House sources said the 10
point program enunciated to the
special session the President called
last November is “being ra*examined
and brought up to date,” but that so
far. at least, no way except price
controls had been found to halt the
high prices which plague most
Americans today.
Mr. Truman probably will offer
this program in person at a joint
session of Congress at the opening
of the special session a week from
tomorrow, it was learned.
Tone Expected to Be Milder.
The tone of this speech, however,
is likely to be much less rip-roaring
than the President's acceptance
speech at Philadelphia last week
during which he announced the spe
cial session call.
“After all,” a high official told
The Star, “you don't make the same
kind of speech to Congress you do
to a political convention.”
About five of the 10 points in last
November's program already have
been carried out fully or in large
part, but administration officials
consider them minor points. The
major points never enacted by the
Republican-controlled 80th Congres
which Mr. Truman is likely, to ask
again are:
1. Authorization of "price ceilings
on products in'short supply which
basically effect the cost « living or
industrial production.” This point
originally included a request for
power to impose such "wage ceil
ings” but it is not at all certain
that the President will .ask again for
wage curbs.
Consumer Rationing Sought.
2. Authorization of "consumer
rationing on products in shdft sup
ply which basically affect the cost
of living." Rationing is still con
sidered the only effective way to
handle price controls.
3. Authorization to allocate and
control inventories of scarce ma
terials, a wartime power to aid and
encourage production of items in
short supply.
*. Restrictatlon of "consumer con
trols" and limitation on "inflation
ary bank credit.” Both are still
considered necessary by administra
tion economists.
5. Regulations of commodity ex
change speculation. The amount of
such speculation dropped after the
congressional investigations, and
such a point, therefore may not be
included in a new anti-inflation
program.
Seeking to Make Issue Clear.
The Star was told that the Pres
ident will concentrate on the high
cost of living and on housing, per
haps limiting his appearance next
week to those two issues alone. He
will thus attempt to make the is
sue between him and the Republi
cans as clear as possible to tne
voters.
These are the points he called
"of major concern to nearly every
American family” in his rousing
Philadelphia speech. They were the
specific reasons he gave for calling
Congress back.
The other points the President
mentioned in the speech will come
along later -in the session, it is
understood. They include aid to
education, a national health pro
gram. civil rights legislation, min
imum wage Increase, extension of
social security and extension of
public power projects.
That the high cost of living will
not be the President's concern alone
was indicated last night in a state
ment by Senator Baldwin, Republi
can, of Connecticut, a member of
; the progressive wing of his party.
The Senator announced in Connec
ticut that he will introduce a resn
— (See CONGRESS, Page A-7.) i
___—---.
U. S. Jets in First Crossing
Of Atlantic Reach Greenland
ly W. H. Shippen, Jr.
Star Staff Correspondent
BLUIE WEST ONE, Greenland,
July 17.—The first Air Force jet* to
attempt an Atlantic crossing vol
leyed between Greenland’s snow
creviced headlands tonight, com
pleting the initial over-water leg
of 768 miles from Labrador in two
hours and 20 minutes.
All 16 F-80s, led by Col. David C.
Schilling, wartime ace, made the
crossing on schedule with fuel in
reserve, although unstable cold
fronts which had weathered in the
jets at Goose Bay, Labrador, for
lour days left a wide overcast in
their wake. The top sharpshooters
of Air Force fighter pilots pushed
through the cloud deck and cruised
at 34.000 feet.
They flew in pairs and held course
by radio checks with a B-29 mother
ship, two air-sea rescue B-17s cir
cling pre-determined stations and a
weather ship midway on the surface.
The squadron, composed of rating
pilots from the 56th Fighter Group
based on Selfridge Field, is en route
*
to Germany by way of Iceland and
England for training missions which
Col. Schilling declares have no con
nection whatever with the tense sit
uation at Berlin.
This field, at the end of a twisting
front with precipitous granite walls,
is the most critical from a weather
standpoint of other stops along the
North Atlantic route being pioneered
for jet aircraft, which have relatively
short range and high speed.
While military officials would not
comment, the timing of the first
Atlantic crossir.x of the jets on the
old northern bomber route to the
United Kingdom approximated Hut
of a large peacetime movement of
heavy bombers en route to Europe.
The jets are scheduled to take off
for Iceland and Stormoway, off the
west coast of Scotland, tomorrow,
weather permitting. The first of
Uncle Sam’s jets to arrive on this
northern base were preceded by only
a few days by six British Vampires
bound for Canada and the United
States. The pilots of the two out
fits compared notes at Goose Bay.
*
r) s
Southern Democrats
Open Drive to Win
Electoral Votes
<Declaration of principles on
Page AS;’’partial text of key
note address on Page AS.)
By j. A. O'Leary
Star Staff Correspondent
BIRMINGHAM, Ala., July 17.
—Gov. J. Strom Thurmond of
South Carolina became the
standard bearer today of a
Southern revolt against Presi
dent Truman over the issue of
States’ rights versus civil rights. -f
The Insurgents picked Gov. Field
ing Wright of Mississippi for Vic*
President, and then set the wheel*
in motion for a drive to get the
Democrats in as many Southern and
border States as possible to cast
electoral votes for their ticket in
stead of the Truman-Barkley regu
lar Democratic choices.
For seven hours a crowd of more
than 5,000 men and women who
filled the Municipal Auditorium here
shouted themselves hoarse, to the
strains of Dixie, while speaker after
speaker served notice on Northern
Democratic leaders that the Solid
South is "no longer in the bag”.
In Dead Earnest.
Only time will tell whether tha
influential Democratic leader*
throughout the South will get behind
this new poltical movement. But
one thing is certain—those who took
part irt launching it today were in
dead earnest.
It may have been largely a Bir
mingham audience, but if other
Southern cities are as worked up as
this one against the FEPC and anti
segregation proposals in the civil
rights program, the organisers of
today's meeting may well succeed in
their objective. Their whole purpose
was to enable Southerners to vote
for Democrats other than President
Truman and Senator Barkley, and
not to encourage them to switch to
the Republican ticket, as they djd in
1928 for other reasons.
They called today's gathering a
“conference,” not a "convention"
They insisted they were not starting
a new party, but merely working for
the election of a Democratic ticket
that believes in States' rights.
South well Represented.
The nucleus around which today *
revolt began was the handful of
Mississippi and Alabama delegates
who walked out of the regular Demo
cratic convention in Philadelphia.
But they had with them a sprink
ling of Individuals from nearly all of
the other Southern States.
These Southerners crowded into
on* day all the noise and fanfare
and convention ritual It took the
regular Democrats and Republican*
days to go through In Philadelphia.
In a fighting. States Rights ac
ceptance speech, Gov. Thurmond
denounced both President Truman
and his civil rights program. The
South Carolinian said the poll tax
has been abolished in all but seven
States, and that violent killings In
big Northern cities present a great
er problem than the need for anti
lynching legislation.
Gov. Thurmond, like most of the
speakers, left no doubt that their
anger against the Truman program
was aroused chiefly by the sugges
tion for the elimination of segre
gation In everyday life.
Sums Up Feeling.
Gov. Thurmond himself summed
up this feeling when he said:
“We are going to be fair to the
colored race, but enough law* can't
be put on the books of this Nation
to break down segregation in the
Southland. There are not enough
troops in the Army to force us to
take Negroes Into our homes and
our swimming pools.”
Earlier In the day the political
strategy of the organizers of this
States Right movement was out
lined by former Gov. Prank M.
Dixon of Alabama, who delivered tha
keynote speech.
“Should this be a Republican
year,” he said, "then of course wa
will have accomplished nothing,
save to enforce our demand for
recognition in the Democratic
Party.
"Shbuld the- party of Truman
succeed between now and the gen
eral election in gaining enough
strength to be a real contender,
rsee REVOLTrPagTA^*.)
Soviet Develops Jets,
Bulganin Declares
■y th« Aiisoo'mI frtii
LONDON. July 17.—Nikolai Bul
ganin. armed forces minister of the
Soviet Union, said tonight that
Russia Is "successfully developing
our multi-engined and Jet-propelled
aviation," the Moscow radio said
The broadcast, heard in London,
said Mr. Bulganin had broadcast an
Aviation Day order calling on Rus
sian airmen to continue "strengthen
ing the might of the air force of the
U.SJSJI.”
His order was brief and addressed
to Soviet aviation Industry workers
as well as military flyers. The
Moscow radio said Mr. Bulganin,
wished to both groups "new suc
cesses in the sphere of further de
velopment of modem aviation tech
nique."
The Moscow radio has reported
several times recently on the rapid
expansion of Russia's commercial
airlines.
Mr. Bulganin's order gave no indi
cation of the numbers of jet planes
Russia has nor of their speed or
other performance.
It is generally known that Russia
has been developing jets and Britain
sold her several Rolls Royce jet
engines.
The order was issued on the eve
of a holiday celebrating Russian Air
Force Day. Air shows are scheduled
for Moscow and other cities tomor
row.
4