Evening star. [volume], August 06, 1948, Page A-9, Image 9

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Truman Seen Advised
Badly in Statement
On 'Red Herring'
Called Form of Apology
For Commurmt Activity
Within Government'
By David Lawrence
President Truman seems to be
getting the worst kind of political
advice—or else he is ignoring good
advice and going off on his own.
The statement that the White
House considers the congressional
inquiry into Communist activity
to be a “red herring” is a form of
»pology for Communist activity that
will not sit well with the voters.
The statement, moreover, that the
President will continue to refuse to
divulge the records in his executive
agencies pertaining to the loyalty
of persons publicly accused of dis
loyalty will not sit well with the
voters either.
Resented by People.
There is one thing that the people
as a whole resent—and that’s any
effort at suppression of evidence of
what Is going on Inside their own
Government.
The possibility that someone who
is innocent might be accused is small
potatoes compared with the larger
public interest, which is whether
the President and his cabinet of
ficers and their subordinates are
sufficiently vigilant in protecting the
security of the United States.
Anyone who is innocent and
wrongly accused can be given his
chance to refute charges. But if
the President, with all his power,
hides the evidence, then suspicion
is compounded with suspicion and
the people are led to believe that
high crimes and misdemeanors are
being committed behind the scenes
with official protection.
There comes a time when a Presi
dent who is running for office must
forget politics and do what the
people of all parties want done in an
investigation on loyalty and security
—namely, have all the facts pro
duced.
ruuea a "Boner.
Mr. Truman certainly pulled a
"boner" when after several days
of headline* from self-confessed
spies he brushed It all of! as Just
an attempt by Republicans to divert
attention from legislation for price
control.
Mr.’ Truman takes unto himself
full responsibility for ignoring what
the Communists and alleged Com
munists have done as revealed by
the two congressional committees.
He says in a public statement:
"No Information has been dis
closed in the past few days by
congressional committees that has
not long been known to the FBI.”
But will the President say frank
ly that the FBI knows only what
has been testified before the com
mittees and nothing else? Will he
permit the FBI to open its files
confidentially to members of the
congressional committee? Will he
rescind his gag order which pre
vents the FBI from doing any
thing about the evidence it has
collected and keeps the FBI even
from discussing it with any mem
bers of Congress?
Grand Jury Brought In.
These are the pertinent questions
I hat need answering along with
mother vital point. Mr. Truman
now has brought the Federal grand
jury into the matter. He says:
The Federal grand Jury found
this information insufficient to Jus
tify indictment of the Federal em
ployes involved.”
Will the President reveal what
recommendations, if' any, were
made by attorneys of the Govern
ment' as they appeared before the
grand Jury and what facts or evi
dence was submitted? It is well
known that, as a rule, grand Juries
take their cue from prosecuting
attorneys of the Justice Depart
ment. One press dispatch says, for
instance, that the department's
representative felt that, because it
couldn’t be proved that the infor
mation actually got to Russia,
there was no real proof that could
be used to secure a conviction. No
such solicitude was shown before
indicting several leading business
men of America in recent years on
criminal charges under the anti
trust laws.
Goes Step Further.
The congressional committees, it
might be thought, could investigate
what did happen in the Justice
Department but the President can
forbid the department to answer a
congressional committee's questions.
Mr. Truman has just reiterated his
decree that no information from
the loyalty records of Government
departments may be furnished to
Congress. He goes a step further.;
He adds:
"The public hearings now under
way are serving no useful pur
pose. On the contrary, they are*
doing irreparable harm to certain
persons, seriously impairing the
morale of Federal employes, and
undermining public confidence in
the Government.”
The American people will have
to judge whether any useful pur
pose is served by ferreting out dis
loyalty in the Government and
whether the vast number of Fed
eral employes can possibly be dis-1
turbed by the revelation that a
few among them have been ques
tioned as to loyalty. What is be
ing undermined is not "public con
fidence in the Government” but
public confidence in the efficiency
snd competence of the Truman ad
ministration.
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Inttreiunt Booklet on Keen tit
This Changing World
Allies May Withdraw Trizonal Money
If Moscow Lifts Berlin Blockade
By Constantine Brown '
A* a preliminary to over-all dis
cussion of means to Improve East
West relations, the ambassadors of
the Western Powers offered Ilussia
to withdraw the
recently adopted
trizonal curren
cy from Berlin
and accept the
Russian curren
cy, if Moscow
lifts the present
blockade.
There are rea
sons to believe
that the Soviet
government has
taken this mat
ter under favor
able considera
tion and that
within the next
Constantin Brown.
few days a definite answer will be
given to our representatives at the
Kremlin.
This offer, it is reliably reported
in diplomatic quarters in Washing
ton, was made to Prime Minister
Stalin at the Western envoys’
meeting with him last week. The
Soviet dictator, unlike his taciturn
and frozen-faced foreign minister,
V. M. Molotov, is said to have
turned his charm on the Allied rep
resentatives, receiving them with
smiles and utmost friendliness.
But whether he will translate
this outward demonstration of good
will into something more tangible
is the big question which the West
ern diplomats are asking now.
Vague Promises Before.
From our experience with the
Soviet leaders it appears that Mr.
Stalin has always adopted the role
of the kindly—and somewhat hu
morous—elder statesman, while his
subordinates were given the Job of
being tough and unrelenting — as
has generally been the case with
Mr. Molotov—or sarcastic and of
fensively aggressive — like Deputy
Foreign Minister Vishinsky.
Without signing on the dotted
line, Mr. Stalin frequently has left
the Impression that he was willing
to extend a friendly hand to all
who were admitted to his presence.
These impressions were offset, how
ever, when his somewhat vague
promises were translated into deeds
and formal agreements by his lieu
tenants.
Thus, during the war he assured
the Poles that the only thing they
had to do was co-operate with
Russia, and he would not care
whether the London or the Lubiin
group took over the government
after the war. Similarly, in his
conversations with Romania’s Prime
Minister, Petru Groza, he assured
him that the Kremlin wanted to
maintain the monarchy and private
property in that Balkan country.
None of these verbal promises was
honored later.
Whether this is a Russian diplo
matic maneuver, or whether Mr.
Stalin more frequently than not has
had to bow to the wishes of the
Politburo, is something which no
body ventures to say.
In any event, it seems probable
now that the suggestions of the
Western Allies for the restoration
of the Soviet currency in Berlin
in exchange for the lifting or easing
of pressure in the German capital
will be accepted by the Russians as
a preliminary to a broad Big Four
conference.
Purpose of Squeeze.
The Soviet squeeze on the West
ern Allies in Berlin had such a pur
pose. Since the breakdown of the
London Conference we refused to
make any appeasement moves, to
which the Russians had become so
accustomed during and immediately
after the war.
The controls on Allied traffic from
and to Berlin had not softened us
in any way. We answered by an ill
advised introduction of the new
Deutsche mark into that city, thus
throwing the entire monetary sys
tem into confusion.
The Soviets retaliated by a com
plete blockade of the city, except in
the narrow air corridor. The Krem
lin apparently was aware, or hoped,
that such drastic treatment would
compel the Western powers, in spite
of their emphatic statements to the
contrary, to seek another high-level
conference.
The Russians knew that a real
threat of a shooting war sooner or
later would compel Washington,
London and Paris to come “hat in
hand’’ to Moscow and ask the So
viet government for renewed talks.
It was important from the Soviet
propaganda viewpoint that it should
be the Western powers which origi
nated these parleys.
Moscow was convinced that if it
turned the Berlin vise hard enough
the Western powers would not re
sist the pressure. And this is ex
actly what is likely to happen now:
A diplomatic conference, based os
tensibly on give-and-take in Berlin,
to be followed by a meeting of the
Big Four foreign ministers where
the entire “case of Europe" will be
thrashed out.
The reported opposition of the
Kremlin to establishing any kind of
agenda for this conference is
enough of a warning that the Mos
cow diplomats will want things their
own way when they meet next
month in Paris. But they have pro
vided us with an adequate face
saving device if they agree to lift
the blockade in exchange for rein
statement of the Russian currency
in Berlin. _
Their Master’s Voice
Dewey Line on Poll Tax Bill Tactics
Laid Down by Ives in G. O. P. Conference
By Doris Fleeson
In ditching all poll tax legisla
tion and keeping civil rights in its
customary position as a political
football, Senate Republicans were
obeying tneir
new master*
voice.
The Dewey
line was laid
down in the Re
publican confer
ence by Ives of
New York, Gov
ernor Dewey’s
hand - picked
Senator. Sena
tor Ives spoke
with unusual
bluntness in
terms that left
no doubt in any
Senator's mind
Daria Flaaaan.
that while the hands were tsaus,
the voice wa* Jacob's and must be
heeded. . , . ..
The hands-off decision which the
Senators then took in response to
Senator Ives’ demands directly con
tradicts the party’s historical posi
tion and their own previous efforts.
In 1944 Platform.
May 19, 1944. 35 out of the 37
Republicans then serving in the
Senate and including all the present
leadership, introduced Senate Joint
Resolution 132 providing for a Con
stitutional amendment to abolish all
tax and property qualifications as a
pre-requisite to voting. A month
later, the Republican platform
specifically indorsed this means of
solving the poll tax question.
It is clear also that In rejecting
the Constitutional method which
once appealed so overwhelmingly to
Republican leadership here, Gover
nor Dewey is playing for precisely
the same stakes as President
Truman.
Northern Negro leadership is op
posed to sucl» an amendment and
Northern Negroes are a potential
balance of power in the great pivotal
States like New York. Southern
Democrats accuse the President of
ignoring them to catch those votes.
It now appears that the pivotal
States are equally precious to the
Republican candidate and their
political necessities a paramount
consideration in his plans.
Liberal Caught Off Base.
Developments at the Senate con
ference caught some sincere Repub
lican liberals off base.
When it opened, Senator Know
land of California, who had done his
homework on the problems posed bv
the Southern filibuster, offered an
exact copy of Senate Resolution 132
and read the list of its ’44 support
ers as follows:
Senators Wherry, Aiken, Austin.
Ball, Brewster, Bridges, Brooks,
Buck, Burton, Bushfield, Butler,
Capper. Cordon, Davis, Ferguson,
Gurney, Hawkes, Johnson of Cali
fornia, Langer, Millikln, Moore, Nye,
Reed, Revercomb, Robertson of
Wyoming, Shipstead, Taft', Thomas
of Ohio, Tobey, Vandenberg, Weeks,
White, Wiley, Wilson, Willis.
Senator Knowland had hardly
■finished when Senator Ives, greatly
excited, grabbed the floor.
The advantage in New York, Sen
ator Ives said frankly, lies in stick
I ing with the present bill as all
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Northern Negro leaders urge against
the Constitutional amendment. Sen
ator Ives asserted that the Republi
cans now have the Democrats bit
terly divided, with the South feud
ing against the President and North
ern Democrats powerless to inter
fere. The only aspect that should
concern the Senate at this crucial
time, Senator Ives insisted, was to ;
hold the political advantage it now
enjoys on civil rights.
Senator xves was strongly supported
by Senators Brooks of Illinois and
Ferguson of Michigan, both can
didates for re-election this fall in
Negro-powerful States. Senator
Saltonstall of Massachusetts also
arose to put Massachusetts in the
same category with New York. Illi
nois" and Michigan—satisfied with
the status quo.
Reed Pronounced Elegy.
The veteran Senator Reed of Kan
sas pronounced the elegy over the
corpse.
With some irony he disavowed any
intention of interfering with politi
cal strategy up North. But he
warned that their party had not
strengthened its position in the
special session. Tiie candid, dig
nified move, he argued, was to stop
the filibuster by agreeing to a Con
stitutional amendment which ac
tually a majority favors.
No temporary advantage, Senator
Reed insisted, could compensate for
tampering with fundamental law.
Senator Cooper of Kentucky, also
up this year and facing a hard
fight, supported Senator Reed. Both
expressed doubt that the Supreme
Court would sustain a poll tax re
pealer.
This Is the position taken by
Millikin of Colorado, one of the
Senate Big Three, who has sworn
never to vote for any poll tax repeal
but an amendment. But with the
conference majority, he crooked
the hinges of the knee to the
Dewey spokesman.
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. _ ___
On the Record
%
Moscow Conference Expected to End
In Diplomatic Victory for Soviet
By Dorothy Thompson
The current war scare over Berlin
has abated, but it is safe to pre
dict that there will be no general
settlement emerging from the con
versauons 1 n
Moscow or any
conference that
may follow It.
The Idea that
the Soviet Union
could be divert
ed from Its ob
jectives by a
“show of force"
h as failed.
“Shows of force”
by democracies
are not force
and no demo
c r a ti c govern
ment delivers a
positive ultima
Dorothy Thompson, j
turn, rejection of which would mean
war. The American attitude in Ber
lin has been that the Soviets are
bluffing. The Soviets have, how
ever, made a test of how much we
would stand, and have discovered
we will stand almost anything for
the sake of peace. The end of the
American defiance has been a visit
to Moscow. This can only con
ceivably end in a Soviet victory or
another stalemate.
A Soviet victory that could be
presented as a compromise would
be an arrangement whereby the
Soviets supply Berlin, while admit
ting token shipments of food from
the West, and permitting a token
force of the Western Powers to re
main in the city. Also, the Soviets
would obtain a voice in the manage
ment of the Ruhr and a suspen
sion of plans for a western German
state, perhaps in return for con
cessions on reparations out of cur
rent production.
Would Aid Red Position.
These things may be mutually
conceded; and the Russians will
have won the diplomatic battle, and
improved their tactical and psycho
logical position. But we shall not
thereby have won “peace.” For we
are dealing not with a state that
can be appeased by the satisfaction
of limited aspirations, but with a
revolution propelled by a state for
the winning of total power.
Its objectives came out in a con
versation oetween an American
newspaperman, Nate White of the
Christian Science Monitor, and an
extreme Left-Winger, Howard Fast,
at the Wallace convention. Mr.
White asked Mr. Fast the meaning
of Mr. Wallace's statement: “If I
were President there would be no
crisis in Berlin.”
Mr. Fast replied, “There would be j
no crisis because we would get out
of Berlin.”
"And afterward?” queried Mr.
White.
KEEP COOL WITH
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NA. OL.
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5
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"Afterward, out of Western Ger
many and out of Europe and -Asia.”
replied Mr. Fast, as reported to me
by Mr. White.
Mr. Fast might have gone further.
After Europe and Asia would come
South America, already being sof
tened up by the Communists, and
then the encompassment of North
America would be complete. "Peace”
for the Soviet Union and the Com
munist revolution is not a "settle
ment." Peace is unconditional sur
render.
That the Russians would create
a crisis to exploit the hesitations
of the Truman Government and
the opposition in a campaign year
was anticipated in this column.
No candidate for office Is likely
to get himself elected on any plat
form other than “peace.” To tell
the American people that, since the
revival of the Comintern in the
spring of 1945, there has been no
prospect of any peace not involv
ing surrender is highly unpopular.
Weakest Position.
The weakest position of the West
ern Powers is in Germany, because
our policy from 1943 onward fur
thered the preparation of that
country for communism. What was
called for was the liquidation of
revolution—lynch law, violence, class
war, revenge—and the re-establish
ment of legality, order and human
ism. But we also contributed to
accelerating nihilism and despair.
No doubt 80 per cent of the Ger
man people are, today, antf-Com
munist. But there is nothing deeply
rooted in that attitude, tt society
of irresponsible masses under mili
tary subjection, in whom tradition
was broken by more than a decade
of Hitlerian excesses; whose own
resistance movement was flouted
and ignored by all belligerents;
whose best leaders are convinced—
from the indifference of the British,
the reckless greed of the French,
and the bureaucratic and impro
vised policies of the Americans—
that nothing ever will win them
freedom or dignity, sways like a
weather vane, according to the
clashes of resentments and the po
tency of fears.
If we have no peace, it is because
the West has created nothing
around which the human spirit can
rally in hopefulness, to oppose con
tinued violence with faith in dignity
and law.
(Released by The Bell Syndicate, Ine.)
McLemore—
Almost Thrown
Out of Mosque
' By Henry McLemore
ISTANBUL, Turkey.—I almost
got myself into a nasty fix last
night.
Almost got thrown out of a
mosque.
Now, I have
been thrown out
of some of the
better and worse
night clubs at
home, but my
record always
has been strictly
clean concern
ing mosques.
11 happened
this way.
We were lucky
enough to ar
rive in Istanbul
while Ramadan
was going on.
Henry MeLemsre.
Ramadan lasts ior 30 days ana is
the Lent, so' to speak, of the Mos
lems. During Ramadan every Mos
lem attends the services at the
mosques five times a day, where the
Koran is read aloud in a transla
tion from the Arabic into Turkish.
Good for Waistline.
Mahomet, from all the gossip I
have been able to pick up, was a
very wise gentleman and he incor
porated many health measures into
his religion. One of these is the
constant bowing from a kneeling
position and the touching of the
forehead upon the floor. Mighty
good for the waistlines and diges
! tion of his subjects.
We went to the mosque of Sulei
man the Magnificent not long before
midnight. We slipped off our shoes
at the door and joined the back
ranks of the worshippers to try to
get the feeling of what it was all
about. As we knelt and bowed with
the worshippers numerous gentle
men grabbed me by the arm and in
dicated that I should go to a posi
tion up front.
With what I thought was becom
ing modesty I refused them all.
No special privileges for me. Then
they almost jerked me up front,
stocking feet and all. Later I found
out that all men worship in front,
far ahead of the women, and there
I was back with the girls’ group.
There are an even 1,000 mosques
in Istanbul, and we have spent
many days visiting them. The most
interesting, of course, is St. Sophia,
about which I plan to write an en
tire column later. The most spec
tacular—and I doubt if there is any
place of worship in the world more
spectacular—is the Blue Mosque. It
literally takes your breath away
when you walk into it.
Enchanting Lighting.
The stained-glass windows are all
of a shade of blue that bathes the
vast mosque in an unearthly pale -
blue light. The floor of the mosque
is completely bare of any piece of
furniture. It is covered with hun
dreds and hundreds of oriental rugs
of every color and design, and each
one is a masterpiece. These gor
geously colored rugs—acres of them,
it seems—softly illuminated by the
blue glow of the windows, make you
believe for a moment that you have
stepped from this world into an
other.
Before your eyes get fully accus
tomed to the enchanting lighting,
two sounds come to your ears. One
is a soft flutter, and the other a{
constant, rhythmic chant. You
wonder what forms the strange
harmony. Then you see. The flut
ter comes from the wings of the
pigeons which soar in and out of
the mosque at will, and the chant
comes from a bearded scholar, read
ing the Koran to the faithful gath
ered about his feet. All Moslems
simply sit down on the rugs when
they come to worship, there being
no sftch thing as a pew or a chair.
This accounts for the fact that
the huge chandeliers are no more
ith&n eight or nine feet from the
floor. They must light up the
Koran for the floor-seated wor
shippers.
(Distributed by McNausht Syndicate. Ine.)
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