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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, April 11, 1951, Image 1

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99th Year. No. 101. Phone ST. 5000 ★★_WASHINGTON, D. C., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 1951—SIXTY-EIGHT PAGES. Evening only, $1.10; Sunday only, 45c; Night Final. 10c Additional. 5 CENTS
Mac ARTHUR AGREES TO ADDRESS CONGRESS
Republicans Seek Ouster Probe;
Martin Talks of Impeachments'
x__-___
G. 0. P. Chiefs Phone Tokyo;
Aide Says General Would Be
'Delighted' to Return Here
Senate and House Republican leaders said this after
noon after a telephone call to Gen. Douglas MacArthur
in Tokyo that the ousted Far Eastern commander wotild
be “delighted and honored” to return home and present
his views to Congress.
The call to Gen. MacArthur was placed during a strategy
meeting of top Republicans irate over President Truman’s sum
mary dismissal of Gen. MacArthur.
The meeting was held in the office of House Minority Leader
Martin. Mr. Martin told reporters possible impeachment pro
ceedings were discussed at the meeting.
Mr. Martin said he hoped that “within three weeks’’ Gen.
MacArthur would speak at a
joint session of Congress.
Resolutions calling for a joint
session to hear Gen. MacArthur
were prepared by Mr. Martin and
Senate Minority Leader Wherry.
McFarland Blocks Proposal.
Senator Wherry introduced his
in the Senate at 12:20 p.m. and
sought to get unanimous consent
to have it taken up later in the
day.
Senate Democratic Leader Mc
Farland objected and Vice Presi
dent Barkley announced it would
“go over under the rule.” This
means that it could be delayed in
coming up for Senate action for
an indefinite period.
Mr. Martin announced the Re
publican move for Gen. Mac
Arthur to address a joint session
and for an investigation of his
ouster in a brief statement to the
House in which he referred to the
general as “Senator MacArthur.”
When Democrats laughed, Mr.
Martin retorted:
“He might be even higher later.”.
Democrat Move Uncertain.
Representative Cox, Democrat,
of Georgia said he would be glad
to support the Republican demand,
for an investigation if the inquiry
Included the State Department.
Mr. Martin said the State De
partment would be included.
What the Democrats would do
eventually about the Republican
move was not immediately clear.|
While some of them would like:
to obtain the general's views, the
move to have him air his views
in a joint session is regarded as
another matter.
Mr. Martin said he had not
talked with Gen. MacArthur per
sonally since the Far Eastern
commander’s removal. But he
added he was given assurance by
a spokesman in the general's office
that the general would return and
give his views.
Full Inquiry Sought.
Mr. Martin also announced
after the hurriedly called confef
ence that the Republican leaders
had agreed there should be a con
gressional investigation of “the
whole question of the conduct of
foreign and military policy.”
Asked about the discussion of
Impeachment and against whom
It was directed, Mr. Martin tersely
replied:
“Anybody that the inquiry
shows has transgressed the laws.”
He made it clear, however, that
there was no decision at the meet
ing on instituting impeaching
proceedings.
Among those who attended the
meeting were Senators Taft of
Ohio, Wherry, Bridges of New
Hampshire, Knowland of Cali
fornia, Wiley of Wisconsin and
Smith of New Jersey.
Senators Wiley and Smith are
ranking Republican members of
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee which would figure in
any possible investigation along
the lines agreed on at the con
ference.
Martin Dictates Statement.
Mr. Martin said those attend
ing the meeting agreed fully on
this statement he dictated to re
porters:
"At the conference it was
agreed—
“1. That the whole question of
the conduct of foreign and mili
tary policy be investigated by Con
gress in the light of the latest
tragic developments.
"2. That the Congress should
have the complete views of Gen.
(See COMMENT, Page A-3.)
Inside Page Stories
On MacArthur Ousting
One A.M. White House Press Coll Breaks
News About MacArthur. Page A-4
Ridgwoy's Knack for Landing in Right
Spot Called Uncanny. Page A-5
Texts of Truman Statement and Orders
to Generals. Poge A-4
White House Becks Up Decision With
MacArthur Documents. Page A-5
Rapid Promotions Marked MacAthur's
Brilliant Career. Page A-4
A-B-C of the Argument That Led tc
MacArthur Dismissal. Page A-10
Chronology of Events Leading Up tc
MacArthur Dismissal. Page A-4
Reporter Tells Why Use of South Koreans
in War It Curtailed. Page A-3
British Note Urges
Giving Formosa to
China Communists
Role in Peace Talks Also
Urged by London; Plan
Unacceptable to U. S.
By John M. Hightower
Associated Press Staff Writer
Britain has asked the United
States to revise the proposed Japa
nese peace treaty so as to give
Formosa to the Chinese Com
munists.
Britain has also asked the
American Government to include
MacArthur Quoted as Terming Formosa
Important as France. Page A-2
Communist China in peace treaty
negotiations now underway.
Responsible officials, disclosing
receipt of a terse British note
along this line several days ago,
said today that neither proposal
I r, AAAAnFnKlrt
The United States does not rec
ognize the Red China regime—as
Britain does—and instead is main
taining relations with the Chinese
Nationalist government of Gen
eralissimo Chiang Kai-shek, which
controls Formosa.
Note Presented to Dulles.
The British note was presented
to Ambassador John Foster Dulles,
President Truman’s special rep
resentative for the peace treaty
negotiations, by Ambassador Sir
Oliver Franks of Britain.
The development marks a se
rious break between the two fore
most Western powers over how
to handle the treaty. It is, more
over, a wholly unexpected break.
Some officials here are inclined
to attribute it to Britain’s new
foreign minister, Herbert Morri
son, who succeeded Ernest Bevin
last month.
The impression is growing here
that Mr. Morrison visualizes a
kind of “middle way” position for
Britain in some respects, as be
tween the United States and the
Communist bloc. The situation is
tentatively estimated as being
similar to that which existed about
five to six years ago, when Bevin
was newly in office and cherished
the idea that Britain could serve
as a bridge between Communist
east and capitalist west.
MU MIUVIIIU^
There has been no serious in
timation, responsible informants
said, that Mr. Morrison wants to
weaken the solid British-French
American alliance which, includ
ing other smaller nations, is
formalized in all the arrange
ments for the defense of the,
Western world.
The situation is not the same
on Far Eastern policy, however,
and it is apparent that the rifts
between London and Washington
policies for that part of the world
are widening.
The first word that the Japa
nese peace treaty was seriously
(See TREATY, Page A-2.)
'Finest Hour'
For MacArthur,
Aide Declares
By the Associated Press
TOKYO, April 11.—Gen. Mac*
Arthur received the news of dis
missal from all his commands to
day “magnificently and without
turning a hair.”
Maj. Gen. Courtney Whitney,
military secretary of the United
Nations command, told newsmen
Gen. MacArthur would have no
public comment “for the time.”
He added:
“I just left the general. He re
ceived the word of the President’s
dismissal from command mag
nificently. He never turned a hair.
His soldierly qualities were never
more pronounced.
“This has been his finest hour.”
The firing of Gen. MacArthur,
by President Truman, came with
the drama and irony which has
marked the five-star general’s 47
years of active military life.
Even in defeat, he added an
other precedent to a career stud
ded with them—the first dismis
sal of history’s first United Na
tions commander.
The general with the dramatic
touch went out under circum
stances more like the stage than
war. His notice came without
warning during a quiet luncheon
at his home.
It was just as if nothing had
happened—but an era had ended.
Some soldiers stood in front of
the huge steel and concrete build
ing from which Gen. MacArthur
had ruled Japan for more than
five years. They gazed idly
through the rain into the gardens
•(See TOKYO, Page A-7.)
Other Countries See
Chances for Peace
In Korea Improved
Dismissal of MacArthur
Gets Big Headlines in
British Newspapers
By the Associated Press
LONDON, April 11.—The firing
of Gen. MacArthur was greeted
with relief today by British offi
cials who said they believed
chances for making peace with
Red China in Korea were im
proved.
The first reaction among West
ern diplomats in Moscow, much of
U. N. Forces Drive Ahead as Ridgway
Succeeds MacArthur. Page A-5
Europe and elsewhere was much
the same. The news reached Mos
cow too late to be included in
morning papers there, but Western
diplomats in the Soviet capital
said they also believed President
Truman’s action had increased the
chances of a Korean peace settle
ment.
“The dismissal of MacArthur
may lead to a new chance for a
truce in the East,” commented the
Norwegian Liberal newspaper. Oslo
Dagbladet.
Ready to Negotiate Peace.
Foreign Secretary Morrison said
Britain is now ready to negotiate
a cease-fire in Korea but the
“other side” so far had shown no
desire to stop the hostilities.
The first quotable comment
from any high official was from
Defense Minister Emanuel Shin
well, who, however, did not men
tion Gen. MacArthur by name.
“It is not the function of a
commander,” he said in a speech,
“to dictate the political policy
which governs operations. . . .
Fortunately we have no trouble
of that kind in this country,
though occasionally our admirals
and generals do let themselves
go.”
British newspapers and officials
(See EUROPE, Page A-3.)
Eisenhower Hopes MacArthur
Won't Return as Storm Center
By the Associated Press
COBLENZ, Germany, April 11.
—Gen. Eisenhower, visibly sur
prised and concerned, expressed
the hope today Gen. MacArthur
would not return to the United
States and become a center of
controversy and acrimony.
Advised of President Truman’s
action by a reporter, the Atlantic
pact commander first showed sur
prise, and said, “That’s one you
couldn’t expect me to comment
on.”
He shook his head and ex
claimed, “I’ll be darned.”
He resumed watching Army
maneuvers for a few moments
and then turned to reporters and
added:
"I hope he (MacArthur) will
not return to the United States
and become a controversial figure.
f *
I would not like to see acrimony
develop.”
Gen. MacArthur’s dismissal ob
viously was on his mind as he in
spected British, American and
French forces in Germany.
He again turned to reporters
standing near and said:
“I worked for MacArthur for
nine years in his office. We’re old
buddies. I was the only one who
argued with him on official mat
ters, but he kept me with him.
I was a major when he was a
four star general.” both are five
star generals now.
Told the reasons the President
had given for his action, Gen.
Eisenhower shook his head and
said, “When you put on a uniform
there are certain inhibitions
^hich you accept.” ^
Policy Dispute
Climaxed With
Surprise Move
By Joseph A. Fox
President Truman today sum
marily dismissed Gen. Douglas
MacArthur from his Far East
commands in a move bound to
have prolonged political rever
berations.
The dramatic action came with
out advance indication and cli
maxed a long-standing disagree
ment between Gen. MacArthur
and the administration over po
litical and military strategy in
the Pacific.
It was touched off by recent
MacArthur statements criticizing
American policy in Korea—state
"Gen. MacArthur's comments were so
sharp that serious observers discussed
whether he would resign as supreme
commander (in August, 1945)," writes
John Gunther in "The Riddle of Mac
Arthur," referring to a disagreement
with Secretary of State Byrnes.
Poge A-4
ments that disturbed the admin
j istration and caused uneasiness
among allies of the United States,
particularly Britain and France.
To a hastily-summoned press
conference at the White House at
1 o’clock this morning, Press Sec
retary Joseph Short issued a state
ment announcing "with deep re
gret” that Gen. MacArthur was
being relieved by Mr. Truman be
cause he had concluded that the
general "is unable to give his
wholehearted support to the poli
cies of the United States Govern
ment and of the United Nations in1
matters pertaining to his official j
uuues.
Similar Order Seat to Tokyd.
At the same time an order of
similar tenor went forward to Gen.
MacArthur, who was instructed to
turn over his commands at once
to Lt. Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway,
head of the 8th Army in Korea,
who now becomes supreme com
mander, Allied Powers; command
er in chief, United Nations Com
mand; commander in chief, Far
East, and commanding general,
United States Army, Far East. Lt.
Gen. James A. Van Fleet will take
over the 8th Army.
Officials here anticipated no
questioning by Russia or other
nations participating in the Jap
anese occupation of the appoint
ment of Gen. Ridgway as supreme
commander. The basic directive of
the Far Eastern Commission gives
the United States Government
complete authority to name the
supreme commander in Japan.
Tokyo reported that the news
struck MacArthur headquarters
with the suddeness of a thunder
clap, not the slightest intimation
having been received of such a
move, although Army Secretary
Frank Pace is in the Korean area.
Letter Brought Showdown.
President Truman finally moved
in on the colorful general as the
direct result of a letter the officer
wrote to House Minority Leader
Martin on March 20, indorsing a
suggestion that Chinese National
ist troops immobilized on Formosa,
be employed in the Korean cam
paign, despite the known antag
onism of Washington to such an
operation.
Since that letter was made pub
lic by Mr., Martin, the White
House has remained consistently
silent on the subject of Gen. Mac
Arthur, and while some of the
President’s advisers supposedly
were urging him to crack down
on the officer, authoritative sources
were reporting that nothing dras
tic was in the works. The Penta
gon has been equally quiet. Only
yesterday Defense Secretary Mar
(Continued on Page A-4, Col. 6.)
Sfone of Scone Left
At Nationalist Shrine
By th« Associated Press
ARBROATH, Scotland, April 11.
—Britain’s famed coronation stone
—or its twin—was delivered today
to the custodian of Arbroath
Abbey—a shrine of Scottish na
tionalism. The stone had been
stolen from Westminster Abbey in
London on Christmas morning.
Intermediaries in the delivery
were two members of an organiza
tion seeking more self-rule for
Scotland. It was plain from their
statement that they believed the
stone should remain in Scotland.
The men said they acted “with
great sincerity” to enable the stone
to be “safely restored to the
Scottish people and the King.”
The famed Stone of Scone was
placed in the high altar of the
abbey, on the grave of King Wil
liam the Lion, King of Scotland
from 1143 to 1214. The abbey,
founded in 1178, is largely in ruins
now.
Two unsigned letters, one ad
dressed to King George VI and the
other to the General Assembly of
the Church of Scotland, were left
with the atone. ^
/,
Charles Fischetti, Underworld
Overlord, Dies of Heart Attack
Al Capone Cousin
Recently Surrendered
To Crime Probers
ly th* Associated Press
MIAMI BEACH, Fla., April 11.—
Charles Fischetti, 50, one of tha
leaders of America’s underworld,
died early today at his luxurious
Miami Beach home.
A doctor who had been attend
ing Fischetti for four days said
that death was caused by a heart
attack. He said there was no
doubt it resulted from natural
causes.
Fischetti and his brother, Rocco,
surrendered nine days ago to the
Senate sergeant at arms after
Federal agents had sought them
many months to serve them with
Senate Crime Investigating Com
mittee subpoenaes
Senator Tobey, Republican, of
New Hampshire, a member of the
Kefauver committee, pressed for
reopening of the crime Inquiry
che day the Fischettis surrendered.
Senator Tobey said at the time
that “they are kingpins in the
U. N. Diplomats Show
Obvious Relief From
Fear of Asiatic War
South Koreans Unhappy,
But Refuse Comment
On MacArthur Ouster
By the Associated Press
LAKE SUCCESS, April 11.—
Surprised United Nations diplo
mats generally greeted with obvi
ous relief President Truman’s
order ousting Gen. MacArthur as
U. N. commander in Korea.
The delegates were not talking
for publication, but their com
ments privately and the positions
they have taken in the weeks of
argument over Gen. MacArthur
shows that the President did ex
actly what they hoped he would.
South Korean circles in the
U. N., however, were unhappy over
the swift change, but they refused
to comment publicly.
The British, French and Rus
sians are known to be satisfied
with the verdict, but for different
reasons.
The British and French started
after Gen. MacArthur’s scalp as
far back as last November when
he made his dash to the Man
churian border and there met the
Chinese Communists.
Bombing Was Opposed.
These delegates have expressed
the fear that Gen. MacArthur
might commit some action which
would involve them in a war with
China and the Soviet Union with
out consulting them beforehand.
The British, French and many
other delegations in the United
Nations were unalterably opposed
to Gen. MacArthur’s ideas for
bombing Manchurian bases of the
(See U. N., Page A-7.)
Late News
Bulletin
Daylight Bill Delayed
An objection by Senator
Langer, Republican, of North
Dakota today blocked approval
of a bill giving the Commis
sioners power to order daylight
saving time for the District, but
sponsors said they would move
later in the day for the Senate
to return to the bill and pass It,
(Earlier Story on Page I
—ap Photo.
CHARLES FISCHETTI.
gambling world and would con
tribute a lot of information.”
Charles Fischetti was described
by the Kefauver Committee as
one of seven overlords who ruled

(See FISCHETTI, Page A-6.)
U. S. Expects to Hire
1,141,000 Employes
In Next Fiscal Year
36% Turnover Rate
Foreseen in Figures
Presented to House
By Joseph Young
The Government expects to
place 1,141,000 new employes dur
ing the fiscal year starting July
1, it was disclosed (today.
During the same period, the
Government expects to lose 36 per
cent of its employes through
regular personnel turnover.
These figures were presented by
Civil Service Commission officials
to a House Appropriations Sub
committee holding hearings on
the Independent Offices Bill for
1952. 1116 hearings were made
ww**w vuuuj •
Shocked by Turnover.
The defense and control agencies
expect to hire more than 5UO.OOO
new workers during the next year.
An additional 600,000 to 700,000
employes will be needed to replace
those Federal workers who resign,
retire or leave for other reasons.
The 36 per cent personnel
turnover figure shocked the sub
committee’s members. Turnover
_
(Continued on Page A-2, Col. 4.)
Truman Calls Records
Of Phone Talks With
Tobey 'Outrageous'
Withdrawal of Charges
Against Legislators
By President Reported
The White House today de
nounced as “outrageous” the re
ported action of Senator Tobey.
Republican, of New Hampshire, in
recording telephone conversations
with President Truman dealing
with the investigation of the Re
construction Finance Corp.
Word from Capitol Hill was
that the Senate subcommittee in
vestigating the RFC was told that
Senator Tobey had recorded two
conversations with Mr. Truman.
In one Mr. Truman was said to
have charged that members of
Congress had accepted fees for
obtaining RFC loans for constitu
ents. In the second conversation!
Mr. Truman was understood to;
have said he was mistaken in!
making the charge.
Asked today what the White
House thought about the reputed
recordings, Press Secretary Joseph
Short said:
“The President thinks that the
recordings of telephone conversa-;
tions is outrageous—no matter by
whom.
Every Word Can Be Public.
“As far as he is concerned every
word can be made public.
"The President has no record
ing: he never has had. You will
have to go to Senator Tobey to
find out what was said.”
Asked specifically if the Presi
dent felt that the reported re
cordings of his talk was an out
rage, Mr. Short said, “He cer
tainly does!”
The President was not aware
that the conversation had been
recorded.
Bennett Regrets “Leak.”
Senator Tobey, a member of
the Senate Banking Committee,
formerly served on the subcom
mittee investigating RFC, and on
several occasions took part in
questioning at the recent open
hearings.
Senator Bennett, Republican, of
Utah expressing amazement and
regret that some one on the sub
committee apparently had leaked
the story, commented that it was
public now and that he would
not deny he heard Senator Tobey
make the statements at the closed
session last week.
Senator Tobey and the Presi
dent, for their, own protection,
should insist that the recording
be played for public hearing, he
added.
Phone Callers Blast Truman,
Man in Street Defends Him
Washington’s average citizens
today rolled with the historic
punch that knocked Gen. Mac
Arthur from his high post, but
there were some—especially wom
en—who felt President Truman
should be impeached.
The Star’s switchboard began
buzzing at 6:30 a.m. with calls
from indignant citizens. Some of
the women callers were tearful
and spluttered their wrath
through sobs. Others were just
so plain mad they had difficulty
talking coherently.
While calls to The Star gen
erally denounced President Tru
man, the man in the street felt
differently. On Pennsylvania ave
nue between Eleventh and Twelfth
street a reporter questioned 15
pedestrians. Ted of them sup
ported President Truman and five
went all out for Gen. Mac Arthur.
A cross section of the j^iews
voiced on the street and over the
telephone follows:
Mrs. Polly Chichester, 5705
Forty-third avenue, Hyattsville,
described Gen. MacArthur’s re
moval as a "terrible thing."
"I’ve been a Democrat all my
life, but derned if I’m one now,
A declaration of war wouldn’t
have shocked me as much as the
news of Gen. MacArthur’s re- j
moval.”
Mrs. Frank J. McSherry of 3232
Garfield street N.W., whose hus
band is a retired brigadier gen
eral, said:
“I feel, and so do my neigh
bors, that President Truman
should be impeached. I am not
speaking for my husband, but I
know I’m going to vote for Gen.
MacArthur as our next President
and so will lots of our friends.”
Mrs. F, B. Porter of ^ort Myer,
(Continued on Page A-3, Col^f.)
Bill to Disperse
20,000 Is Sent
To Senate Floor
Committee Approves
Removal of Vital
Federal Agencies
By Francis P. Douglas
The Senate Public Works Com
mittee today approved the dis
persal bill providing for the re
moval of vital agencies with 20,000
employes to new buildings to be
erected on four sites in the sub
urbs.
The measure also provides au
thorization for decentralization—
the transfer of agencies to other
places in the United States. The
bill states that it shall be the ob
ject to transfer not less than 25,
000 positions from the District
area in the decentralization pro
gram.
Chairman Holland of the sub
committee which handled the bill
said the measure would be intro
duced on the Senate floor this
afternoon.
He said nine members of the
full committee voted in favor of
the measure, and that no vote was
cast by Senator Martin, Repub
lican, of Pennsylvania.
Democratic Senators McClellan
of Arkansas and Stennis of Mis
sissippi, and Republican Senator
Cain of Washington, who are out
of the city, were not recorded as
voting. Senator Holland said,
however, he believes that all three
men would have voted for the
measure.
$107 Million Funds in Bill.
Chairman Chavez of the full
committee and Senator Hennings,
Democrat, of Missouri, voted by
proxy and were recorded in favor.
Senator Holland said they were
prevented by other business from
being present.
The bill is a revision of the
measure originally introduced in
the last session. It carries au
thorization for the appropriation
of $107 million, whereas the orig
inal measure provided for an ap
propriation of $190 million.
The $107 million is broken down
this way: For construction of
fdur permanent buildings with
land and utilities. $70 million; for
a circumferential highway, $28
million; for other highway con
struction, $4.5 million, and for
communications, $4.5 million. The
measure directs mat as space De
comes available in Washington,
with the dispersal and decentral
ization programs, the General
Services Administration shall tear
down the World War II tempo
rary buildings. These now provide
office space for 31,000 Government
workers.
Provision is made in the bill
for a joint committee on dis
persal, demolition and decentral
ization. It would be composed of
five members each from the Sen
ate and House Public Works Com
mittees, and shall keep watch on
the progress of the program.
The Senate is expected to take
up the measure next week.
Only Reasonable Solution.
In its report today the subcom
mittee said:
“It is clear that unless citadel
structures are to be built, which
could be accomplished only at a
tremendous cost, an orderly and
well-planned dispersal of the more
vital facilities and personnel, to
gether with a decentralization of
certain less vital activities of the
Government, is the only reason
able solution to the problem.”
The problem referred to is that
of the safety and continuity of
government in event of attack.
The reference to citadel was to the
practice adopted by Great Britain
of providing stout buildings with
underground ounkers for govern
ment offices.
A bill identical to the Senate bill
is expected to be introduced in the
House. There it would take the
place of the measure which was re
jected by a House Public Works
Subcommittee.
Press Club Cashier
Dies After Hearing
MacArthur News
The night cashier of the Na
tional Press Club died early today
of a heart attack, apparently
brought on by his excitement over
the news of Gen. Mac Arthur’s dis
missal.
He was John B. Gray, 62, who
had been employed by the club
for about a year and a half.
Scheduled to go ofT duty at
midnight last night, Mr. Gray
apparently heard in advance of
the special White House press
conference that Gen. MacArthur
was to be relieved. Spottswood
Oonway Walker, the cashier re
lieving him at midnight, said Mr.
Gray rushed oft in great excite
ment exclaiming, “They flred Mac- j
Arthur.” r
Mr. Gray went to his home at
2647 Woodley road N.W. and sat
up for awhile listening to news
broadcasts, his wife told Police
Pvts. John Kemler and John
Moriarty, of No. 8 Precinct. She
said .he was “very excited and up
set.”
Mrs. Gray found him dead at
6 a on. |
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AS A «T/
SOLDIER, L
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