Evening star. [volume], May 15, 1951, Page A-5, Image 5

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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Caldwell Tells Court
He Didn’t Interfere
With Snags Lewis Jury
Charges that he tried to bribe
a juror at a gambling trial were
denied from the stand in District
Court today by Bennie C. Cald
well, 51, owner of the Club Bali
at 1901 Fourteenth street N.W.
The colored defendant told the
Jury in the closing phase of his
trial that he had interfered in no
way with the trial in January,
1950, of William (Snags) Lewis,
and two others.
Under cross-examination Mr.
Caldwell said he had known Lewis
as a customer in his night club
since 1940.
The testimony of the defendant
was interrupted to permit the in
troduction of eight character wit
nesses led off by Sergt. John F.
Ash of No. 13 precinct, who said
he had known Mr. Caldwell in his
precinct for several years and
considered his general reputation
“very good.”
Witnesses Support Alibi.
One count of the indictment
accuses him offering money on
January 19, 1950, to a member
of a jury panel to obtain informa
tion from the trial jury. The other
count accuses Caldwell of causing
a sum of money to be offered a
juror on January 23, 1950, to
influence her decision.
Key defense witnesses have tes
tified Caldwell was elsewhere at
the times the prosecution con
tends the sums were offered.
T.Actor P Pailpv assistant field
secretary of the National Asso
ciation for the Advancement of
Colored People, testified yesterday
Caldwell was at a membership
meeting of the association, be
ginning at 10 o’clock, on the night
of January 23, 1950. Similar tes
timony was given also by Andrew
L. Lindsay, campaign director for
the local branch of the NAACP.
Placed at YMCA.
Lawrence P. Hunt, executive
secretary of the Twelfth Street
Branch of the YMCA, had testi
fied previously that, earlier on the
same night, he and Caldwell were
conferring about a YMJA cam
paign. That conference, according
to Mr. Hunt’s testimony, was be
ing held at the time the Govern
ment contends Caldwell was visit
ing the home of the woman juror
Mr. Hunt’s testimony was cor
roborated by W. Burdette Hock
aday, chairman of the Member
ship Committee of the YMCA.
District Sergeant
Wounded in Korea
Sergt. 1/c Ralph E. Rickenbach
er, 30, of 738 Longfellow street
N.W., has been seriously wounded
In action in Korea, his wife re
ported today.
Mrs. Rickenbacher said her hus
band suffered a compound frac
ture of the upper left arm April
25 when a bullet “tore a hole as
big as a silver dollar’’ in the arm.
Another slug ripped through his
chest, she said. He is recupera
tion at a hospital in Tokyo, and
hopes to be transferred to Walter
Reed Hospital soon.
Sergt. Rickepbacher suffered
wounds in the back and neck in
Germany during World War H,
according to his wife. He served
overseas for three and a half years.
After his discharge in 1945, Sergt.
Rickenbacher worked for the Sin
clair Refining Co. here. He re
enlisted in 1948 and was sent over
seas again last September with the
7th Regiment of the 3d Division.
Sergt. and Mrs. Rickenbacher
have a 5-month-old daughter
Marlene, whom he has never seen
His mother, Mrs. Etta Rickenbach
er, and a sister. Miss Marguerite
Parker, live at 7436 Georgia ave
nue N.W.
Wedemeyer to Testify
In MacArfhur Hearing
ly the Associated Press
LINCOLN. Nebr., May 15.—Lt
Gen. Albert C. Wedemeyer has
disclosed that he will join the
ranks of generals appearing be
fore Senate committees hearing
testimony on the firing of Gen
MacArthur.
Gen. Wedemeyer, 6th Army
commander who has asked for
retirement, was the author of a
report on the Far East which was
first suppressed and then released
in part.
Arriving here last night from
his San Francisco headquarters,
Gen. Wedemeyer said he would be
in New York Thursday night, then
go to Washington. The Defense
Department had notified him of
his appearance before the com
mittees. he said, but hadn’t told
him when that would be.
■ A t i ^ m
jU Men Drag Kiver
For 2 Small Girls
Playing in Safety
Foui'-year-old Jerry Peacock
saw some bubbles in the Anacostia
River’s eastern branch near Bla
densburg road yesterday and
within minutes five rescue squads
were dragging the stream.
Jerry’s sisters, Linda, 5, and
Sandra, 3, were missing from theii
home at 4300 Newark road. Col
mar Manor, but It turned out that
the bubbles weren’t made by his
sisters as he bad thought.
The sisters were playing in s
nearby yard, unaware that Prince
Georges County police were scour
ing the neighborhood Seeking
them, and that i>0 men were drag
ging the river on the theory thal
they had drowned.
Rescue squads from the Dis
trict, Cottage City, Mount Rainier
Bladensburg and Berwyn Height)
rushed to the area. The 50 fire
men donned hip boats and wadec
into the stream. Some of then
launched a rubber life raft t<
help.
More than an hour later Sandr:
and Linda came home.
“We were just playin’." Linds
said. The rescue squadron climbe<
out of the river. During the ex
citement, the father, Paul A. Pea
cock, jr., was at work with a con
struction company and could no
be'located. His wife is in a Bal
tlmore hospital and a maid waj
with the children.
h ‘ ' T
Partial Text of Gen. Bradley's Testimonyj
Following is a condensed, cen
sored transcript of Gen. Brad
ley’s testimony today before
combined Senate Foreign Rela
tions and Armed Services Com
mittees inquiring into the dis
missal of Gen. MacArthur:
Chairman Russell—Gentlemen,
we are glad to welcome here to
day General of the Army Omar N.
Bradley, who is the third of Amer
ica’s greatest military leaders to
appear before this committee. . . .
Gen. Bradley—Mr. Chairman
and members of the committees
(from a prepared statement):
At the very outset, I want to
make it clear that I would not
say anything to discredit the long
and illustrious career of Gen.
Douglas MacArthur. We may have
different views on certain aspects
of our Government’s military pol
icy, but that is not unusual. ,
Certainly there have been no
personal considerations in our dif
ferences of opinion. In matters
of such great scope "and of such
importance many people have dif
ferent ideas and might con
sequently recommend different
courses of action.
As chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff. I am one of the military
advisers to the President, the Sec
retary of Defense, and the Na
tional Security Council. I pass
on to them the collective advice
and recommendations of the Joint
Chiefs. When the Joint Chiefs
of Staff express their opinion on a
siihiprt it. is frnm t.h» milit.orv
point of view, and is given with a
full realization Vthat considera
tions other than military may be
overriding in making the final
decision. The relative importance
of the military aspect varies. In
some cases it is greatly over
shadowed by other considerations.
In other cases, the military as
pects may be the decisive ones.
When all of these aspects are
considered the Government’s pol
icy is determined. As military
men we then abide by the deci
sion.
Great Issue at Stake.
Before your interrogation on the
details of our Government’s poli
cies in Korea and the Far East, I
would like to lask myself this ques
tion: What is the great issue at
stake in this hearing?
Principally I Would say that
you are trying to determine the
course we should follow as the
best road to peace. There are
; military factors which must be
evaluated before a sound decision
jean be made. At present the
j issue is obscured in the public
jmind by many details which do
;not relate to the task of keep
ting the peace and making Amer
'ica secure.
The fundamental military issue
that has arisen is whether to in
crease the risk of a global war by
taking additional measures that
are open to the United States and
its Allies. We now have a localized
conflict in Korea. Some of the
military measures under discus
sion might well place the United
States in the position of responsi
bility for broadening the war and
at the same time losing most if
not all of our allies.
Gen. MacArthur ha$. stated that
there are certain additional meas
ures which can and should be
, taken, and that by so doing no
unacceptable increased risk of
war will result.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff be
lieve that these same measures do;
increase the risk of global war and i
that such a risk should not be
taken unnecessarily. At the same1
tim/i nrA _
^ * vwwbuhiu vmv a*a***i/«,* j i
advantages that might accrue to!
the United Nations’ position in
Korea and to the United States
position in the Far East by these
measures. While a field com
mander very properly estimates
his needs from the viewpoint of
operations in his own theater or
(Sphere of action, those responsible
for higher direction must neces
sarily base their actions on broader
aspects, and on the needs, actual
or prospective, of several theaters
Global Responsibilities.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff, in view
of their global responsibilities and
their perspective with respect to
the worldwide strategic situation,
are in a better position than is any
single theater commander to
assess the risk of general war.
Moreover, the Joint Chiefs of Staff
are best able to judge our own
military resources with which to!
meet that risk.
In order that all may under
stand the strategy which the Joint
Chiefs of Staff believe the United
States must pursue, I would like
to discuss in broad terms this per
spective in which we view our
security problems.
As a background to our con-,
sideration of global strategy, we
must realize that human beings
have invented a great variety of
techniques designed to influence
other nations. Right now, nations
are oemg subjected to persuasion
by propaganda, and coercion by
force of arms. It is my conviction
that broad and comprehensive
knowledge of the strength, aims
and the policies of nations is basic
to understanding the problem of
security in a world of tension.
We must understand—as we
conduct our foreign affairs and
jour military affairs—that while
power and nationalism prevail, it
is up to us to gain strength
through co-operative efforts with
other nations which have common
ideals and objectives with our own.
At the same time, we must create
and maintain the power essential
to persuasion, and to our own se
curity in such a world. We must
understand the role and nature,
including the limitations, of this
power if we are to exercise it
wisely.
One of the great power poten
tials of this world is the United
States of America, and her Allies.
The other great power in this
world is Soviet Russia and her
1 satellites. As much as we desire
peace, we must realize that we
have two centers of power support
ing opposing ideologies.
1 Prom a global viewpoint—and
with the security of our Nation of
i prime importance — our- military
mission is to support a policy of
i preventing communism from
1 gaining the manpower, the re-;
sources, the raw materials, and
the industrial capacity essential
to world domination. If Soviet
; Russia ever controls the entire
Eurasian land mass, then the
; Soviet-satellite imperialism may,
have the broad base upon which*
b
to build the military power to
rule the world.
Redi Thwarted 3 Times.
Three times In the past five
years the Kremlin-inspired im
perialism has been thwarted by
direct action.
In Berlin, Greece and Korea,
the free nations have opposed
Communist aggression with a dif
ferent type of action. But each
time the power of the United
States has been called upon and
we have become involved. Each
incident has cost us money, re
sources and some lives.
But in each instance we have
prevented the domination of one
more area, and the absorption, of
another source of manpower, raw
materials and resources.
Korea, in spite of the impor
tance of the engagement, must be
looked upon with proper perspec
tive. It is just on engagement,
just one phase of this battle that
we are having with the other
power center in the world which
opposes us and all we stand for.
For five years this “guerrilla di
plomacy’’ has been going on. In
each of the actions in which we
have participated to oppose this
gangster conduct, we have risked
World War III. But each time we
bave used methods short of total
war. As costly as Berlin and
Sreece and Korea may be, they
are less expensive than the vast
destruction which would be in
dicted upon all sides if a total
war were to be precipitated.
I am under no illusion that our
present strategy of using means
short of total war to achieve our
cuus tmu oppose communism is a
guarantee that a world war will
not be thrust upon us. But a
policy of patience and determina
tion without provoking a world
war, while we improve our mili
tary power, is one which we be
lieve we must continue to follow.
As long as we keep the conflict
within its present scope, we are
holding to a minimum the forces
we must commit and tie down.
The strategic alternative, en
largement of the war in Korea to
Include Red China, would prob
ably delight the Kremlin more
than anything else we could do.
It would necessarily tie down ad
ditional forces, especially our sea
power and our Air Force, while
the Soviet Union would not be
obliged to put a single man into
the conflict.
Oppose Enlarging the War.
Under present circumstances,
we have recommended against en
larging the war. The course of
action often described as a “lim
ited war” with Red China would
Increase the risk we are taking
by engaging too much of our power
In an area that is not the critical
strategic prize.
Red China is not the powerful
nation seeking to dominate the
world. Frankly, in the opinion of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, this
strategy would Involve us in the
wrong war, at the wrong place, at
the wrong time, and with the
wrong enemy.
There are some other consid
erations which have tended to ob
scure this main issue. Some critics
Pave not hesitated to state that
the policy our Government is fol
lowing, and its included strategy,
ls not that which has been recom
mended by the Joint Chiefs of
Staff.
Statements have been made
that the President, as commander
in chief, and the Secretary , of
State and the Secretary of Defense
have a policy all their own, and
that the Joint Chiefs of Staff have
been overridden.
This is just not so. The Joint
Chiefs of Staff have continually
given their considered opinion—
always from a military viewpoint
—concerning our global capabili
ties and responsibilities and have'
recommended our present strat
egy in and for Korea. This has
been the course of action which
the Secretary of Defense and the
Commander in Chief have adopted
as far as practicable.
I pointed out earlier that many
times the international policy
considerations, including the
views of our Allies, are also con
sidered and in some instances
modify the course of action.
In other instances, even after
the international considerations
and the views of our Allies have
been considered, the proposed
military strategy has not been al
tered.
Our overall policy has been one
af steadfast patience and determi
nation in opposing Communist
aggression without provoking un
necessarily a total war.
There are many critics who
have become impatient with this
strategy and who would like to
sail for a "showdown.” from*a
purely military viewpoint, this is
not desirable. We are not in the
best military position to seek a
showdown, even if it were the
Nation’s desire to forfeit the
chances for peace by precipitating
a imai war.
Enemy An Apt Military Student.
Undoubtedly, this statement
will be misconstrued by some
critics who will say, “Why are the
Joint Chiefs of Staff advertising
the fact that we are not militarily
in a position to have a show
down?”
I can assure those critics that
with the methods we must pursue
in a democracy in order to sup
port a military establishment
including this present investiga
tion of our strategy in the Par
East—our capabilities are not un
known to the Communists.
They are apt students of mili
tary power, anc} fully realize that
although we are not prepared to
deliver any ultimatum, we could
hurt them badly if they attacked
us or our friends.
They also know that with our
potential, and the strength of our
allies, in the long run they could
not win a war with a United
States that is alert, and contin
uously prepared.
I would not be a proponent of
any policy which would ignore the
military facts and rush us head
long into a showdown before we
are ready. It is true that this
policy of armed resistance to ag
gression, which we pursue while
we are getting stronger, often
risks a world war. But so far ate
have taken these risks without
disastrous results.
I think our global strategy is
paying off and I see no reason to
let impatience alter it in the Far
t
East. Certainly the course of ac
tion we are pursuing has avoided
a total war which could only bring
death and destruction to millions
of Americans, both in the United
States and on the battlefield. Our
present course of action has at
the same time won us respect and
admiration everywhere in the
world, both inside and outside the
Iron Curtain.
Not Decisive Move.
There are also those who de
plore the present military situa
tion in Korea and urge us to
engage Red China in a larger
war to solve this problem. Tak
ing on Red China is not a decisive
move, does not guarantee the end
of the war in Korea, and may not
bring China to her knees. We
have only to look back to the five
long years when the Japanese,
one of the greatest military pow
ers of that time, moved into
China and had almost full con
trol of a large part of China; and
yet were never able to conclude
that war successfully. I would
say that from past history one
would only jump from a smaller
conflict to a larger deadlock at
greater expense.
My own feeling is to avoid such
an engagement if possible because
victory in Korea would not be as
sured and victory over Red China
would be many years away. We
believe that every effort should be
made to settle the present con
flict without extending it outside
Korea. If this proves to be im
possible, then other measures may
have to be taken.
In my consideration of this
viewpoint, I am going back to the
basic objective of the American
—uo uiucn peace as we can
gain without appeasement.
Some critics of our strategy say
if we do not immediately bomb
troop concentration points and
airfields in Manchuria, it is “ap
peasement." If we do not imme
diately set up a blockade of Chi
nese ports—which to be successful
would have to include British and
Russian ports in Asia—it is “ap
peasement." These same critics
would say that if we do not pro
vide the logistical support and air
and naval assistance to launch
Chinese Nationalist troops into
China, it is “appeasement."
These critics ignore the vital
questions:
Will these actions, if taken, ac
tually assure victory in Korea?
Do these actions mean pro
longation of the war by bringing
Russia into the fight?
Will these actions strip us of our
allies in Korea and in other parts
of the world? /
“Appeasement to Aggression."
From a military viewpoint, ap
peasement occurs when you give
up something which is rightfully
free to an aggressor without put
ting up a struggle, or making him
pay a price. Forsaking Korea—
withdrawing from the fight unless
we are forced out—would be an
appeasement to aggression. Re
fusing to enlarge the quarrel to
the point where our global capa
bilities are diminished, is certainly
not appeasement but is a mili
tarily sound course of action under
the present circumstances.
It is my sincere hope that these
hearings will encourage us as a
Nation to follow a steadfast and
determined course of action in this
world, which would deny any free
nation to Soviet imperialism, and
at the same time preserve the
peace for which so many men died
in World War I. World War II,
and in Greece. Indochina, Malaya
and Korea. (End of statement).
U. S.-British-French
Conference Opens
By tho Associated Press
SINGAPORE. # May 15.—High
ranking Army, Navy and air com
manders of the United States,!
Britain and Prance opened talks"
here today on overall military
strategy in Southeast Asia and
what should be done to counter
any new Communist aggression.
High on their agenda, it is
known, is,what disposition should
be made of Allied armed forces in
the event Communist China inter
venes in Indo-China, gateway to
rubber and tin-rich Malaya. Ma
laya is certain to follow Britain’s
lead in banning rubber exports to
Red China, and it is felt that
this might provoke the much-dis
aussed Red assault.
The parley is expected to end
tomorrow night. A communique
probably will be issued then out
lining what was discussed, but it
is unlikely the conferees will dis
close what recommendations they
are making to Washington, Lon
don and Paris.
Prance’s plans to resist Chinese
Communist attack have become
feasible only in the last six months
because of the buildup of Western
power strength in Asia.
French Likely to Seek
Anglo-U. S. Support
By the Associated Press
SAIGON, Indo-China, May 15
—Prance’s Far Eastern com
mander is expected to tell Amer
ican and British military leaders
today that if the Chinese Com
munists attack Indo-China, the
French will need Anglo-American
support.
The French chief. Gen. Jean de
Lattre de Tassigny, will submit
plans for the defense of Indo
China today when he meets with
senior American and British com
manders in Singapore.
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1
HAWAIIAN BEAUTY WINNER—Claire Heen (center), an 18
year-old Hawaiian girl of Irish, Hawaiian and Chinese descent,
walks along with her runners-up after winning the right to
represent Hawaii at the Miss American contest in Atlantic City
this fall. Second was Gloria Kanemura (right), who has Japa
nese, English, German and Scotch blood. Blond Joan Scott, a
Caucasian of English, Irish and French extraction, was third.
—AP Wirephoto.
Views Differ on Whether Reds
Can Force Decision in Korea
By Note Polowetzky
Associated Pross War Correspondent
UNITED STATES 8th ARMY
HEADQUARTERS. Korea. May
15.—Allied officers in Korea have
their own version of' America’s
“great debate.”
The question here is: Have the
Chinese Communists finally
massed enough strength to force
a military decision in Korea—
assuming they want to?
One group answers with an em
phatic "yes.” Their argument:
“The Reds have more tanks,
more artillery, more reserves and
—most important—more airplanes
based in North Korea than at any
time since they entered the war
last December.
"The April 22 Communist push
was not an all-out offensive. The
Chinese attacked only because
they were goaded by our incessant
air and artillery attacks. That
attack wras premature. It was a
reflex to our constant stabbing
Into their lines, like a swarm of
hornets attacking when you prod
their nest with a long stick.
Ready for Big One.
“The Chinese are ready for the
big one. They are getting replace
ments. Heavy rains are coming
and they will hurt the mechanized
United Nations army more than
the Chinese. Low ceilings are hold
ing down tactical air support.
“When the Chinese strike again
1,400 Army Veterans Due
Back From Korea Today
fty the Associated Press
SAN FRANCISCO, May 15.—
More than 1,400 Army veterans
of the Korean war arrive today
aboard the transport Lt. Raymond
Beaudoin.
A noisy and colorful welcome
was planned—a 17-gun salute,
haroor fireboats cascading streams
of water into the air and military
planes circling overhead.
A speech of welcome was pre
pared by a respresentative of Lt.
Gen. Albert C. Wedemeyer, com
mander of the 6th Army. Holly
wood Actors Dick Powell, Mer
cedes McCambridge, Alexis Smith
Craig Reynolds and Richard
Conte were on hand for the noon
arrival (3 p.m., EDT).
The 1,422 soldiers represent
practically every Army unit fight
ing in Korea. They are the first
combat troops returned under the
Army rotation program to land
at San Francisco. A shipload of
returning Marines docked here
last month.
Copra now brings 12 times its
1933-34 depression low in Papua
New Guinea.
they can mount an all-out drive
designed to destroy the United Na
tions army or drive it into the sea.”
That’s one view. Other officers
are just as emphatic in rebuttal.
They say:
“The Chinese supply system is
bad. They haven’t got the means
to bring food and other equip
ment down from Manchuria. Our
Air Force is playing havoc with
the little transport the Chinese
have. We have pretty well de
stroyed their supply routes.
“Therefore, the only thing they
can do is mount short and shallow
offensives, designed to penetrate
our positions. Once that penetra
tion has been made, the Commu
nists hope they can find a new
food supply. Then they can go on
to exploit the breakthrough.”
Lt. Gen. Edward M. Almond
commander of the United States
10th Corps, seems to agree with
the latter view. Last week he said
the Chinese armies were “wilting
on the vine” ffir lack of supplies
Chinese Denied Granaries.
“It is a wonder to me how thev
are able to feed their mass army.”
he said.
He added that by tradition the
Chinese have always “fought from
one rice bowl to another. But we
have denied them the granefies
of Korea.”
The key to the puzzle probably
lies in the answer to this ques
tion:
"Do the Communists actually
want to reach a military decision
in Korea?”
No one knows.
Perhaps, as one offier said,
“they just want £o keep us here
in the hope that we will expend
all our energy in a fruitless war
and ultimately bleed ourselves to
deatfc. After all they have the
British tied down in Malaya and
the French in Indo-China. All of
Europe lies open to the Russians,
who haven’t a single soldier com
mitted in oattle in any part of
the world.”
The Allies in Korea can only
fight, wait and see.
lax Prober Assails
G. OP. 'Partisanship'
On Protest Over Staff
Chiarman King of a House AVays
and Means subcommittee investi
gating tax law enforcement said
today he would not be diverted
by a “childish demonstration of
partisanship” in Republican pro
tests over the selection of a staff.
Mr. King referred to a charge
by Representative Kean, Repub
lican, of New Jersey, who said the
minority had been denied the
right to choose at least one mem
ber of the investigating staff.
The Kean blast came Saturday
as the chairman announced the
appointment of Adrian W. De
Wind, New York tax lawyer, as
chief counsel of the subcommit
tee. The group will begin its
work with an investigation of the
tax returns of gamblers and rack
eteers.
“There can be no room for pol
itics in the investigation of crime
and corruption," Mr. King said
“The Kefauver committee set a
high standard in this regard.
“Every question and every ac
tion of our subcommittee in its
investigation of the administra
tion of Federal tax laws—from
the selection of staff to the sub
mission of the final report—should
be on an equally high plane. That
has been my hope and my every
effort in setting the most rigid
standards for the subcommittee
counsel and staff."
Mr. King reiterated a previous
denial that the Republicans had
been promised a minority coun
sel. This, he added, would be
making “a concession on the basis
of politics.”
“The minority members.” Mr.
King insisted, “would weaken our
staff by seeking to organize it
along party lines with divided re
sponsibilities. This would *be al
most without precedent.”
Referring to the selection of
jMr. De Wind, 37-year-old former
Treasury official. Mr. King said it
would be his purpose to choose the
remainder of the staff “on the
same high standards of ability
and personal integrity.”
Jehovah Witness Jailed
For Refusing Army Dufy
By the Associated Press
ROANOKE. Va.. May 15.—A
Federal judge has sentenced to
three years in jail a member of
Jehovah’s Witnesses who claimed
deferment from the armed forces
as a “minister of the Gospel.”
Lindsey Lee Martin, ir„ of
Roanoke was sentenced in District
ICourt here yesterday by Judge
A. D. Barksdale after he was con
victed of refusing to be inducted
into the Army.
His attorney said the case would
be appealed, and Judge Barks
dale refused to release Martin on
bond. Martin refused to be in
ducted March 29 after the Roa
noke draft board had considered
and denied his claim to a 4£
classification which defers min
isters.
Sugar Price Increased
I BOSTON, May 15. OP).—Revere
[Sugar Refinery today announced
!a y4-cent per pound increase in
[prices effective tomorrow, except
: for wrapped tablets.
Unholy Exchange
GARY, Ind. CP). — The First
Baptist Church here found itself
equipped with a full set of safe
cracking tools, but minus $525 in
collection plate money. Deacon
Edward Cunningham decided the
burglars had been scared away
before they could pick up their
tools.
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