Evening star. [volume], May 17, 1951, Page A-3, Image 3

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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McCarthy Tells Forum
That Army Is Run by
'Political Generals'
By the Associated Press
CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va„ Maj
17.—Senator McCarthy, Republi
can, of Wisconsin, said last nighl
testimony in the Washington in
quiry into Gen. MacArthur’i
ouster shows that the Army is
run by “political generals.”
He declared Secretary of De
fense Marshall had told Senate
committees investigating the Mac
Arthur firing that “no officer had
the right, even under oath, to tell
the truth as he saw it if that truth
did not fully back up the ideas
of the political party in power al
the time.”
In his testimony last week Gen
Marshall had said that officers
under questioning may express
views at variance with established
policy if they clearly state that
they speak only for themselves.
to the Student Legal Forum al
the University of Virginia Law
School, criticized Gen. Bradley
chairman of the Joint Chiefs oi
Staff, for testifying Tuesday that
Gen. MacArthur’s Korean wai
strategy probably would touch ofl
all-out war with China.
Gen. Bradley said the joint
chiefs feel that would be “the
wrong war, at the wrong place,
at the wrong time and with the
wrong enemy.”
Senator McCarthy commented:
“Bradley testified to this under
oath despite the fact that the
joint chiefs, including Bradley,
unanimously agreed in writing
with MacArthur’s four points of
January 12 of this year.”
Gen. MacArthur had testified
the joint chiefs supported him on
the wisdom of (1) using Chinese
Nationalist troops (2) bombing
Chinese bases in Manchuria (3)
blockading the China mainland,
and (4) tighter economic warfare
against the Peiping regime.
Both Gens. Bradley and Mar
shall testified those points were
among 16 the joint chiefs studied
in the event it became necessary
for United Nations forces to pull
out of Korea. Gen. Bradley said
the 16 points never got beyond
the study stage.
Iran
(Continued From First Page.)
police chief and military governor
for the brief recent period of mar
tial law after the assassination of
Premier Ali Razmara. A new
chief has not yet been appointed.
Hejazi continues as head of the
army's military school, a Dost he
has held several years.
Pressure for nationalization of
the giant Anglo-Iranian Oil Co.
was stepped up with scarehead
treatment in the press of the Brit
ish parachute troop reports.
Public feeling also was aroused
by yesterday’s arrest of Abolghas
sem Rafiee, No. 2 man in the
fanatical Fedayan Islam religious
society, on charges of plotting the
assassination of Dr. Mossadegh.
Fedayan Islam recently fell out
with Dr. Mossadegh, apparently
feeling- he was not moving fast
enough toward nationalistic goals.
Acheson Urging Caution.
Police quoted Rafiee as saying
“Mossadegh is lucky I am caught,
otherwise he would have been
shot within the next two or three
days.”
(Secretary of State Acheson
said Washington is urging both
Iran and Britain to avoid ex
treme steps in the oil crisis. He
said the two nations have the
opportunity to work out a har
monious settlement.)
Meanwhile, Dr. Mossadegh, who
has remained barricaded in the
Parliament Building since Sun
day, ordered all the windows of
his locked rooms boarded up on
the off chance that a sniper might
pick him off from the Seph Salar
Mosque, 200 yards distant.
Many Deputies and newspapers
are growing a little weary of Dr.
Mossadegh’s jitters, since his self
imposed imprisonment permits
him to do little work.
Holy War Threatened.
Western observers believe Dr.
Mossadegh has inspired latest
anti-British outbursts in the press
to force through his nationaliza
tion program by public pressure.
One of the Premier’s closest
supporters, Mossaffar Baghaie,
editor of the newspaper Shahed,
wrote yesterday:
“To reach this holy goal (oil
nationalization) Iran will fight a
holy war if necessary. If oil na
tionalization is obstructed by the
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K
GROMYKO APPLAUDS SOVIET TEAM—Andrei Gromyko (right), Soviet Deputy Foreign Min
ister, appears in the unusual role of a pleased man as he applauds Russian basketball players
in the finals of the European basketball championships in Paris. At the left: Russian Player
Ivan Lissov (left) guards Czech Player Jan Kozaz during a bit of fast play in the game. The
Russians won the championship by beating the Czechs, 45 to 44. —AP Wirephoto.
bad policy of British politicians
who refuse to face the facts, the
day will come when not a single
Britisher will dare stay in this
country. The Iranian Moslem
nation will deal with every Brit
ish individual as an infidel.”
King Abdullah of Jordan, on a
state visit to Ankara, told news
men there Iran needs “a more
courageous government” to pro
tect her national interests in the
face of popular sentiment.
“This situation,” he said,
"might endanger the security of
the whole Middle East. Iran, in
putting forth her claims against
the Anglo-Iranian Oil Co., should
keep in mind the actual world
situation and not go too far. The
British have, in this question,
acted for the interests of the
Iranian DeoDle and havp shnom
extreme patience.”
U.N.
(Continued From First Page.)
ments that the United States was
engaged in aggression against
Korea and Red China, and de
clared the embargo would not
halt the conflict.
Red Opposition Seen.
The only outspoken opposition
to the arms embargo was expected
to come from the Soviet bloc
countries. Since Russia is the
primary source of military supplies
for Red China, the sponsors of the
arms ban not only counted on So
viet opposition but they conceded
the Russians would ignore any
U N. decision.
The Asian-Arab countries were
reported to have decided gener
ally to take a neutral stand. Most
of them, including India, were
expected to abstain.
The Political Committee met
in a hastily prepared room at
Flushing Meadows, where all
major U. N. meetings will be
held until the new conference
building at U. N. headquarters in
Manhattan is ready August 1. The
regular meeting rooms at Lake
Success have been dismantled.
The issue goes to the full As
sembly for final ratification after
approval by the Political Com
mittee. Delegates disagreed as
to whether the matter would be
disposed of by the end of the
week or would go over into next
week.
Each Country to Decide.
The proposal under discussion
is an American-sponsored reso
lution approved Monday by the
12-member Sanctions Committee,
formally known as the Additional
Measures Committee. The com
mittee vote was 11 to 0, with
Egypt abstaining.
The resolution calls for an em
bargo on the shipment of “arms,
ammunitions and implements ol
war, atomic energy materials,
petroleum and items useful in the
production of arms, ammunition
and implements of war.” It
leaves to each country to decide
which commodities exported
from its territory fall within the
embargo.
Indonesia Reverses Stand,
Will Obey Arms Embargo
JAKARTA, Indonesia, May 17
!^P).—Indonesia’s foreign minister
reversed his stand on trade with
Communist China and said today
his rubber-producing country
would obey any embargo voted
against the Reds by the majority
of United Nations members.
But Foreign Minister Achmad
Soebardjo in an interview simul
taneously urged that the United
States pay more attention to In
donesia’s needs and give her eco
nomic aid.
Mr. Soebardjo’s statement to
an Indonesian correspondent
May 7 that Indonesia would “sell
to the devil” if it helped his coun
try, provoked widespread protests
in the Western world.
It was reliably learned today
that the Foreign Minister told
United States Ambassador H.
Merle Cochran yesterday that In
donesia would submit to the em
bargo on shipments of arms and
strategic materials for the Chi
nese Communists which the U. N.
General Assembly is expected to
vote at least by next week.
Mr. Soebardjo reportedly told
Mr. Cochran, however, that in
case of such action Indonesia
wcuiaau umt Llie WeSt give
prompt attention to her worsened
economic situation, which he said
would result from stoppage of
rubber shipments to Red China.
mnoT?
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Foreign Policy
(Continued Prom First Page.)
whether a committee of Congress
has the power to compel a witness,
who is a confidential adviser to
the President, to relate the details
of a private conversation. It in
volves the oft-disputed and tradi
tional separation of powers be
tween the legislative and execu
tive branches of the Government.
“So far as I have been able to
ascertain,” Senator Russell said,
“there is no single exception of
a judicial determination that pro
tects the confidential communica
tions between the President and
the advisers who assist him in the
discharge of his duty.”
Relations Fixed by Law.
He pointed out that the confi
dential relations between Gen.
Bradley and the President were
established by the National Se
curity Act of 1947. That law, he
added, provides that the Joint
Chiefs of Staff shall act as “the
i. iiu __ m ii
pi linn vui j nuiiovio vi viiv
President . . .”
“There can be no higher confi
dential relationship, none upon
which the safety and security of
our Nation must depend,” he con
tinued, “than that existing by law
between the chairman of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff and the President.”
• Senator Russell said that both
Gen. MacArthur and Gen. Mar
shall in their testimony in the
controversy, also had refused to
reveal details of their private con
versations with the President.
In those cases, the issue had not
been raised, he said.
President Truman has supported
Gen. Bradley’s position and said
yesterday through his press sec
retary that the questions should
not be answered.
No witnesses were called for
today’s meeting. Gen. Bradley
was excused until Monday to en
able him to keep a West Coast
appointment in connection with
the annual observance of Armed
Services Day.
Senator Russell said tomor
row’s witness would be Admiral
Forrest P. Sherman, Chief of
Naval Operations and. one of the
Joint Chiefs who, Gen. Bradley
testified, unanimously approved
the ouster of Gen. MacArthur.
G. O. P. to Continue Fight.
Despite certain defeat on the
immediate Bradley issue, Repub
lican members promised the mat
ter would not be dropped. Sen
ator Knowland. Republican, of
California, served notice he would
fight any move to drop what he
called a similar “iron curtain"
around the testimony of Secre
tary of State Acheson when he
appears as a witness.
Mr. Acheson has been for a
long time a particular target of
the Republicans. There have
been repeated reports he would
resign, but he told reporters at
a news conference yesterday he
had enlisted “for the duration”
and would remain in office as long
as President Truman wanted him
to stay. Mr. Truman often has
said he has no intention of ask
ing Mr. Acheson to resign.
‘Whitewash’ Charge Anticipated.
In advance of the vote, Demo
crats suggested the Republicans
might be laying the groundwork
for a political cry of “white
wash” on the grounds, as Senator
Pulbright, Democrat, of Arkansas
said, that “the evidence now be
ing presented does not support
Gen. MacArthur.”
Senators Knowland and Hicken
loper, Republican, of Iowa, indig
nantly denied this. Senator Hick
enlooper said the MacArthur pro
posals for carrying the Korean
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fighting into Manchuria and China
itself—moves opposed by the ad
ministration because of fears of
spreading the conflict into a global
war—“have neither been shaken
nor disproved.”
The heated controversy within
the committee spilled over into
comments by Senators who are not
members of the investigating
group.
Senator Taft, Republican, of
Ohio, who has kept apart from the
controversy, told reporters the
committee ought to require an an
swer to any “properly framed” and
relevant question. He suggested
Senator Wiley’s questions to Gen.
Bradley were somewhat too broad
and said it might have been better
to have asked Gen. Bradley more
specific questions. He agreed, how
ever, with Senator Knowland that
the decision in the Bradley case
could have far-reaching conse
quences on the course of the hear
ing.
Senator Kerr, Democrat, of
Oklahoma jumped into the fray
with a statement saying Gen.
MacArthur is losing ground in
the inquiry “about as fast as he
did in the ill-fated Yalu offen
sive.” He referred to the setback
of the U. N. forces under Gen
MacArthur when the Chinese
Communists plunged into the
Korean lighting last November.
.me vjuianunia oenator also;
said Gen. Marshall had “com
pletely refuted” Gen. MacArthur’s
claim that his strategy for bomb
ing enemy bases in Manchuria
and China, as well as other more
forceful efforts against Red
China, had been shared, from a
military standpoint by the Joint
Chiefs.
RFC
(Continued From First Page.)
a graduate of the Harvard School
of Business Administration, Mr.
Allen was with SEC from 1934
to 1940. In the latter year he was
appointed a special executive as
sistant to the Attorney General;
and for several years handled
public relations for the depart
ment.
His selection by Mr. Symington
was regarded as a move to estab
lish a public relations section in
RFC. In recent years the agency
had no separate office of that
kind.
Arthur B. Merritt, who has been
executive manager, is a man with
out a title at present because
of the abolition of that position.
Unlike Mr. Smith, however, Mr.
(Continued From First Page.)
civilian goods. In this category
were listed machinery for the tex
tile and tobacco industries.
Steel for these products would
be cut back about 15 per cent be
low the pre-Korean level. The
biggest cut would come in the use
of aluminum and would bring the
use of that metal by the con
sumers affected down to about 55
per cent of the consumption in the
first half of 1950.
Copper use would be cut by
about 35 per cent of the pre-Ko
rean figure.
27 Per Cent Aluminum Cutback.
Whereas these industries in the
first quarter of this year were
using steel at about the pre-Ko
rean rate, their aluminum cutback
amounted to about 27 per cent.
Copper use also had been cut back.
The plans for these restrictions
were announced today at a news
conference by Edwin T. Gibson,
acting Defense Production Admin
istrator, and Charles E. Wampler,
director of DPA’s Program and
Research Division.
They .disclosed that the amount
of steel available for automobiles
and other consumer “hard goods”
will amount to only about 2 mil
lion tons in the quarter beginning
with July as against 3 million tons I
consumed at the level of a year
ago.
The statement of cuts in steel,
aluminum and copper were made
only in general terms and it was
stressed by Mr. Gibson that the
percentages given might not apply
exactly to any particular industrial
lino .Qno/»lfip nmerromc oro in Ho
Merritt Is expected to remain;
with the agency.
Mr. Smith, it was explained, i
did not resign and was not dis
charged. He is leaving, however,
under a reduction in force classi- ]
flcation at his request, officials
said. Technically, Mr. Merritt ■
and Mr. Smith were executive and
assistant executive managers to
the board of directors. When the
ooard ceased to exist, Mr. Sy
mington reportedly saw no need
for retaining those two jobs.
Smith Sharply Questioned.
The Senate subcommittee
headed by Senator Fulbright,
Democrat, of Arkansas, did not
include Mr. Smith among those
it accused of having yielded to
outside influence. But it ques
tioned him sharply at one ses
sion, after learning that he per
sonally delivered to Mr. Dawson
at the White House copies of i
several hundred letters written by
members of Congress concerning
RFC loan applications.
Mr. Smith testified he merely
carried out instructions from his
superiors when the White House
requested the letters. Some sub-|
committee members regarded the
request as an effort to interfere
with the investigation. President
Truman declared he found no;I
evidence that any of the Con-j
gressional letter-writers had done
anything wrong.
The subcommittee staff now te
examining copies of those let
ters. Chief Investigator Theodore
Herz hopes to submit his findings
to the subcommittee next week, j
At a hearing last March, Mr.
Smith’s name came up in testi
mony of Willard E. Unzicker J
former acting controller of RFC.
Mr. Unzicker told the subcom
mittee that one of the reasons
he resigned, after 19 years with
the agency, was that Mr. Smith,
apparently on orders of some of
the directors, tried to put pres
sure on him. Mr. Smith, he testi
fied, ordered him to prepare,
within two or three days, a com
plete field reorganization plan for
the agency at a time when RFC
was under fire of the Senate in-1
vestigators.
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Steel for Autos and Appliances
To Be Cut 35% on July 1
set up by NPA after consultation
with industry representatives.
Demands Exceed Supplies.
Mr. Wampler said the cuts
planned are caused by the de
mands exceeding the supplies
available for both military and
civilian production. For example,
he said, demand for steel in the
third quarter amounted to about
35 per cent more than the total
supply.
Defense supporting programs
which have been second only to
the military program in impor
tance may have to be slowed down
somewhat, Mr. Wampler said,
rhese programs are designed to
assure steel for petroleum and
power output expansion, freight
:ars and farm machinery. There
are 24 such programs in all, but
there are prospects the number
will be increased.
Plans for the steel cutback to
auto makers and other producers
in 57 industries are expected to be
given in detail at a meeting here
tomorrow.
NPA said today’s order to the
steel mills means that more than
half of all blooms, slabs and bil
lets, reinforcing bars, hot rolled
sheets, wire loop and other stand
ard items must be reserved for
defense.
The set-asides range up to 75
per cent of carbon steel, 68 per
cent of heavy structural steel
shapes and steel piling, 80 per
-ent of high-grade electrical
sheets and strips, and 95 per
:ent of wheels and axles.
In earlier action, defense
agencies:
1. Ruled that retail prices of
automobiles must be reduced May
!2 to allow for the absence of spare
ires and tubes as standard equlp
nent.
2. Directed manufacturers of
:otton yarns and textiles to com
pute new ceiling prices effective
May 28.
O'Conor Seeks Details
Of West German Trade
With Chinese Reds
By the Associated Press
Senator O’Conor, Democrat, of
Maryland said today the full
“shocking and sickening story” of
war-useful materials flowing from
West Germany to Communist
China has yet Jo be told.
Senator O’Conor said a new wit- i
ness, whose name he withheld, is1
on the way from Germany to back I
up testimony received by a Senate
export controls subcommittee |
which Senator O’Conor heads.
Kenneth R. Hansen, staff con
sultant to the subcommittee, testi
fied yesterday that strategic ma
terials worth millions of dollars
have poured from West Germany
to Red China since the start of the
Korean war. He said much of the
goods was “contraband” forbidden
to be sold to the Communists.
“Bribery and Forgery” Charged.
tir. TT« — t _ 1 i. 1 M__
«**• **»i*uv** is j uoi wuta iiuui a
mission to Germany where he
made undercover inquiries for the
subcommittee.
Mr. Hansen said he found that
“bribery and forgery” were used
to clear the way for big ship
ments to the Chinese and Euro
pean Reds. He said an entire
power plant was shipped from
West Germany to Manchuria,
supply area for Chinese fighting
United Nations forces in Korea.
Robert N. Golding, assistant
ECA administrator for East-West
German trade affairs, testified
that “nobody could dispute” the
accuracy of Mr. Hansen’s report.
In fact, he said, he had made a re
port of somewhat similar condi
tions about two years ago to a
congressional committee.
Volume of Goods Soaring.
Mr. Hansen said the volume of
West German goods shipped to
Red China soared from about $4
i
million in the first nine months
of 1950 to $7 million in the last
three months of the year, com
pared with a total of only $413,
000 in all of 1949.
Senator O’Conor said John J.
McCloy, United States high com
missioner in Germany, has agreed
to testify before the subcommit
tee.
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