Weather Forecast
Increasing cloudiness tonight, low near
50. Tomorrow, cloudy with rain probably
by afternoon. (Pull report on Page A-2.)
Temperatures Today.
Midnight 44 6a.m 39 lla.m 57
2 a.m 42 Ba.m 41 N00n.__.63
4 a.m 40 10 a.m 50 1 p.m 66
An Associoted Press Newspaper
101st Year. No. 324.
Korea Proposal
By Reds Goes
Unexplained
Communists Pour Out i
Abuse, Fail to Clarify
Plan for Conference
By th« Associated Press
PANMUNJOM, Nov. 20. '
Communist diplomats fired a
stream of abuse at United States i
Ambassador Arthur H. Dean to
day instead of answering his re- | i
peated demands to explain their
“fuzzy” plans for neutrals to at- j
tend the Korean peace confer- !
ence.
Mr. Dean said the Red “ha
rangue” probably was just a
stall until Peiping of Moscow
sends orders to the Communist
diplomats at Panmunjom to plan
the conference.
Mr. Dean said today’s sub
committee session on composi
tion and site could be written
off "as a kind of zero.”
Another subcommittee work
ing on a starting date reported |
no progress.
Both are scheduled to meet
again tomorrow.
Early Demands Abandoned. j
The Communist plan calls for j
non-belligerent nations to at
tend the conference without a
vote on major issues. They
apparently abandoned early de
mands that some non-belligerents
have full participation—a plan
exactly opposite to the United
Nations proposal for a meeting
of only those nations which
fought in Korea.
However. Mr. Dean’s pressure j
on the Reds to give details of
their proocsa. indicates the allies
might be willing to reach some
sort of compromise.
He told the Reds today:
“Yoli can not expect me to
consider seriously, nor to pass on
to the other 16 nations whom I
represent, those aspects of your
proposal which are far from
clear. I can not transmit that i
which is fuzzy.”
When he left Washington, Mr.
Dean had instructions only to
“exchange views” on composi
tion.
Attacked As Warmonger.
Mr. Dean said the Communists
would not answer his repeated
requests that they explain to him i
“simply, clearly and specifically”
what observers would do at the
conference.
Instead, he said, they delivered
a “long, abusive, ill-tempered
harangue . . . land) attacked
me for being a warmonger, hav
ing lack of faith, and trying to
postpone the political confer
ence.”
Meanwhile. Communist efforts
to woo home anti-Red Chinese
and Korean prisoners of war re
mained stalemated with the Reds :
and custodian Indian command
deadlocked over the number of j
POWs to be interviewed daily.
So far the Reds have won
back only about 3 per cent.
Indian officials and other ob
servers doubt if there will be .
any more explanations in the
wake of such a propaganda
whipping.
Assigning of Guards
To Lodge Confirmed
Henry Suydam. State Depart
ment news division chief, today
confirmed published reports that
guards have been assigned to
Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge,
chief of the American delega
tion to the United Nations, but
he refused to discuss reported
threats against Mr. Lodge by
Puerto Rican Nationalists.
Mr. Suydam would say only
that “from time to time, under
special circumstances, guards
are assigned to public men. and I
this is one of those circum
stances.
Mr. Lodge was at the White
House for a breakfast confer- i
ence with President Eisenhow'er
this morning. He was expected
to return to New York this
afternoon.
An armed police guard was
assigned to Mr. Lodge’s suite in
the Waldorf Astoria Hotel, the
Associated Press reported.
An informed source, who asked
that his name not be used, said
last night that Mr. Lodge him
self had requested the 24-hour
guard about 10 days ago. The
source could not say whether Mr.
Lodge had received any actual
threats.
The New York Daily News said
the Puerto Rican extremists, a
small but extremely bitter group,
are incensed because the United
States delegation refused to let
a nationalist spokesman argue
for Puerto Rican independence
before the U. N.
Two Puerto Ricans failed three
years ago in an attempt to assas
sinate President Truman in
Washington.
Do You Live Here? i
Another spectacular aerial view
illustrating the growth of Washington
suburbs will appear tomorrow in The
Star's big real estate section.
The picture covers the sprawling
residential area in the vicinity of
New Hampshire avenue and Univer
sity lone, Maryland. It shows a
heavy concentration of new homes as
well as apartment developments.
Don't miss itl
Phone ST. 3-5000
Bidault Near-Collapse Delays
French Foreign Policy Debate
Leader Scheduled to Go to Bermuda
In Few Days Forced to Halt Speech
By the Associated Press
PARIS, Nov. 20.—The French
Foreign Minister, Georges Bi
dault, appeared or thfc verge of
collapse when by appeared be
fore the Natior>l Assembly today
in a foreigr policy debate. He
was helr.a from the platform
after he had read only a third
of his prepared address.
The 54-year-old Foreign Min
ister is scheduled to depart for
Bermuda in 10 days with Premier
Joseph Laniel for the three
power conference. When he got
up to speak today he rested both
hands on the speaker’s stand.
He spoke with unusual slowness.
As he went on, the words came
more and more slowly. Finally,
as deputies noticed that he ap
parently was in trouble. Social
ist Max Lejeune asked for a sus
pension of the session.
Mr. Bidault seemed not to im
mediately comprehend what had
happened. He was aided down
the steps and into the office of
Premier Laniel.
The Foreign Minister, who has
been under extreme pressure of
work, was reported to have been
up all night preparing his ad
dress. As one cabinet minister
put it, “he has been on the bridge
throughout this debate.”
Before the interruption, Mr.
Bidault said Western defense in
the case of Russian aggression
calls for a defense as far east
as possible.
“It is impossible to imagine
GE Suspends 2 Men
Called Reds by FBI
Undercover Agent
Near-Riot Prevented
As Pair Fights Ejection
At McCarthy Inquiry
By the Associated Press
BOSTON. Nov 20.—The Gen
eral Electric Co. has suspended
two employes who were named
as Communists by *m FBI un
dercover agent at a stormy hear
ing of Senator McCarthy’s Red
hunting committee.
Taken abruptly off the GE
payroll last night were Robert
Goodwin, 38, and Nathaniel
Mills, 36. both long-time em
ployes of General Electric’s
River Works plant at Lynn.
They were dramatically
pointed out as card-carrying
Communists yesterday by Wil
liam H. Teto, 53, of Ashby, who
said he joined the Communist
Party in 1941 at the request of
the Federal Bureau of Investi
gation.
Goodwin and Mills nearly pre
| cipitated a riot in the hearing
room when they fought ejection
| after refusing to take the stand
to deny or affirm the accusa
tion against them.
McCarthy Orders Men Out.
Senator McCarthy ordered the
men escorted out of the room
by United States marshals when
they sought vociferously to be
heard but, at the same time, re
fused to take an oath and say
whether or not they were Com
munists.
Senator McCarthy said both
men invoked the fifth amend
ment (a protection against self
incrimination) at a closed hear
ing of his Senate permanent in
vestigating subcommittee the
previous day.
Shortly after their suspension
by General Electric, Essex Coun
ty District Attorney Hugh A.
Cregg announced he plans to
launch an investigation against
Goodwin and Mills with a view j
toward criminal action.
Both men were pointed out by
Teto as having had access to ;
(See McCarthy, Page A-3.)
Eisenhower Confers
With Top Advisers
President Eisenhower today
had a breakfast conference with j
Republican National Chairman
Leonard W. Hall and some of his
top administration advisers, but j
Mr. Hall refused later to say if
politics were discussed.
At the conference also were
Treasury Secretary Humphrey,
Postmaster General Summer
field, Henry Cabot* Lodge, dele
gate to the United Nations; Sher
man Adams, assistant to the
President, and White House Sec
retary Thomas E. Stephens.
Murray Snyder, assistant press
secretary, said “a variety of mat
ters” entered into the conversa
tion. < Mr. Hall told reporters
that the Harry Dexter White
case did not come up. The chair
man has said that communism
in Government would be a ma
j jor issue in the next election,
but President Eisenhower dis
j counted that idea at his news
| conference Wednesday. #
Two Die in Head-On Crash
GRAND VALLEY. Colo.. Nov.
20 <.P). —The two engineers were
killed in the head-on collision
of a Denver & Rio Grande West
ern mail train and a freight 6
miles north of here early today.
Witnesses said the 112-car
freight train, pulling a 7,000-ton
j load, apparently was unable to
'stop and ran through a switch.
Wm Mtimittg Sfef
★ ★
WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1953—SEVENTY-SIX PAGES.
combat in Germany without ac
tive participation of German
forces,” he declared.
Most of thet debate has can
tered on the European army.
France has not ratified the
treaty for his six-nation army,
to include trdops from France,
West Germany, Italy, English,
The Netherlands and Luxem
bourg.
After a 45-minute recess, the
Assembly went back into session
and Maurice Schumann, secre
tary of state in the Foreign Of
fice. took up the reading of the
speech that Mr. Bidault had pre
pared. Mr. Schumann’s position
is roughly that of deputy for
eign minister.
Premier Laniel proposed that
at the end of the reading the de
bate be postponed until Monday
so Mr. Bidault could be present.
The Assembly agreed to this.
Before departing, Mr. Bidault
said the question “has been
asked here if really we can’t get
along without the rearmament
of Germany. This would be a
great pleasure to the whole world,
including the Germans.”
But, he asserted, he had talked
with Marshal Alphonse Juin,' a
Frenchman who is commander
of Allied forces in Central Eu
rope, and had been told that
without German forces “our mil
itary chiefs do not believe it is
possible to assure the security of
the Central European •sector.”
Federal Court Asked
To Bar Belt Road
In Rock Creek Park
(
Suit Filed by Residents
Os Montgomery Says Plan
For Land Is Illegal
By George Beveridge
Six Montgomery County resi
dents filed suit in Federal
Court here today against the
National Capital Planning Com
mission, seeking to wipe out
its approval of the use of Rock
Creek Park for the proposed
intercounty belt freeway.
The suit also was an indirect
attack on bitterly contested pro
posals for a leg of U. S. Route
240, since Route 240 traffic, under
present plans would use the belt
roadway through the park
stretch.
The plaintiffs, all with prop- ;
erty abutting the park, contended |
the roadway is an illegal use of i
the park land, in that it violates i
restrictions imposed by the Cap
per-Cram ton Act of 1930 and
by a 1931 agreement between
the National Capital Planning
Commission and the Maryland
National Capital Park and Plan
ning Commission.
Would Bar Belt Road.
They asked that the planning
commission be ordered to notify
the Maryland Roads Commis
sion that the park land can’t
be used for the belt road, and
to refuse to approve ‘‘any simi
lar highways” in the park.
Both the Maryland Roads
Commission and the Maryland-
National Capital Park and Plan
ning Commission said immedi
ately that they intend to join the
national commission as inter
ested parties to the suit.
The park area involved is a
slender wooded section between
Wisconsin avenue and Forest
Glen.
Originally, the Maryland
Roads Commission proposed to
build two roadways through it.
One was the belt route, intended
to encircle Washington com
pletely on the Maryland side
of the Potomac. The other was ;
the Route 240 southeast leg,
which would have entered the
park near Wisconsin avenue and j
dropped southward out of it to
terminate at the East-West j
highway near Jones Mill road. I
The national planning com- I
mission refused to go along with !
the dual-road idea. But on Oc- 1
tober 30, it tentatively approved
the belt road location, with
assurances that the belt road
would hdVe the characteristics of
a “parkway.”
The roads commission, in turn,
announced that it proposed to
feed Route 240 traffic onto the
belt road through the park, and
to build an independent 240 leg
from a point south of the park
to the East-West highway over
non-park property.
Each Member Sued.
The suit was filed against each
of the planning commission’s
12 members on behalf of David
S. and R. B. Stevens, of 3550
Raymoor road. Rock Creek Hills;
(See ROADS. Page A-8.)
Aneurin Bevan Urges
Land Nationalization
By the Associated Press
LONDON,/ Nov. 20.—Aneurin
Bevan, left-wing Laborite, today
urged nationalization of all land
in Britain as a means of elimi
nating congested areas and
speeding the housing program.
He made the statement in a
speech before the National Con
ference of the Town and Coun
i try Planning Association. The
Labor Party rejected recently
j a proposal to make land na
[ tionalization a plank in the
Ty’s platform. .
j
ClfrUrges End
To Loose Firing
In Civil Service
Reuther and Other
Officers Re-elected
Without Opposition
By James Y. Newton
Star Staff Correspondent
CLEVELAND, Nov. 20.—The
CIO today called on the admin
istration “to put an end to at
tacks on the civil service career
system ’ and to “give assurance
to Government employes that
they will not be subject to
harassment and indiscriminate
firing.
A resolution adopted unani
mously by the CIO convention
also asked the administration to
help career employes already
fired "to find jobs either in
private or public employment.”
“Trained and specialized em
ployes whose personal political
views differ from those of policy
making officials,” the CIO said,
“are being excluded from posi
tions to which they have dedi
cated their working lives. In
many Government agencies
career employes have been in
discriminately treated as if they
were enemies of the very Gov
ernment they have served.”
In other situations, the reso
lution stated, “many additional
thousands have been transferred
to positions far below their abil
ities and training.”
Reuther and Others Re-elected.
The convention today re
elected, without opposition.
President Walter P. Reuther and
all other national officers. Mr.
Reuther, now entering his sec
ond one-year term as head of
six-million member organiza
tions, was given a long standing
ovation by the 700 delegates.
Elected for another term along
with Mr. Reuther were John V.
Riffe, executive vice president; i
Secretary-Treasurer James B.
Carey and eight other vice presi- j
dents. These were Joseph A.
Beirne, Communication Workers:
L. S. Buckmaster, Rubber
Workers; Joseph Curran, Na
tional Maritime Union: O. A.
Knight, Oil Workers: Michael
Quill, Transport Workers: Emil
Rieve, Textile Workers: Frank
Rosenblum. Amalgamated Cloth
ing Workers, and James
Thimmes, Steelworkers.
The convention designated the
guaranteed annual wage, under
which, presently hourly paid
workers would be paid like sal
aried employes, the next major
j collective bargain goal of the
CIO. Mr. Reuther said we “will
nail it down in 1955” when pres
ent long-term contracts in the
automobile industry expire'.
Threat to Civil Service Seen.
The policy of firing and down
grading on “political whim,
fancy and retribution,” tire CIO
said in the civil service resolu
tion, not only threatens the
civil service system but “already
has undermined vital Govern
ment services and programs.
“The combination of indis
criminate budget cuts on an
across-the-board basis, firings
and harassment of career em
ployes, has affected most Fed
eral Government functions, in
cluding scientific research and
development.”
Only belatedly, “and after
public protest, has the new ad
ministration offered some sem
blance of asistance to those” who
have been discharged from the
public service, the CIO con
cluded.
Had Expected, Opposition.
Before the five-day convention
began it was indicated there
might be opposition to re-elec
tion of Mr. Rifle, who had held
the No. 2 spot only since the
, death of Allan S. Haywood early
in the year, and possibly to Mr.
i Carey.
i Mr. Riffe’s devout espousal of
the moral rearmament move
j ment resulted in some early op
i position to him on the ground
that he “had gone soft on union
■ ism.” Mr. Carey was criticized
for spending too much of his
time on affairs of the Interna
tional Union of Electrical Work
ers, of which he is president.
But all of the differences were
patched up under the leadership
of Mr. Reuther.
Today’s election showed that
Mr. Reuther had gone a long
way in a year toward solidifying
(See CIO, Page A-8.)
Tenor's Walkout Leaves Carmen Unstabbed
By the Associated Press
CHICAGO, Nov. 20.—Don Jose
walked off stage leaving Carmen
unstabbed in the New York City
Opera Co.’s performance last
night after telling the conduc
tor: “Finish the opera yourself.”
The walkout by tenor David
Baler i. who was singing the lead
ing role, means he "has elimi- i
nated himself from the com
munity of our company,” Con
ductor Joseph Rosenstock later :
told a reporter. Ii
Gloria Lane, singing the title
role of Bizet’s tragedy, carried
on alone on the stage in the
final death scene and collapsed
per script, but without benefit
of dagger. She was assisted, how
ever, by the off-stage voice of i
Walter Fredericks, who was j
pressed into emergency service J
. . i . . . ——
Every Household Has This Headache!
Deficit of $3 to $4 Billion Seen
In '55 if Spending Can Be Cut
High Official Expects Bulk of Savings
Will Be Made in Expenditures for Security
By the Associated Press
The Eisenhower administra
tion’s best hope for the fiscal
1955 budget is a deficit of $3 to
$4 billion—attainable only if
Federal spending can be cut
nearly $6 billion from the pres
ent rate.
A high administration official
gave this estimate to reporters
yesterday. He said that ob
viously a big part of any $6 bil
lion saving would have to come!
’ from national security spending,
and is not yet in sight. He also
said any such saving would oe
effected only if it could be done
without impairing the national
security.
His forecast assumed also that
Congress will heed President
Eisenhower’s request for exten
| sion of present high corporate
I and excise tax rates beyond next
| April 1, when they are due for
automatic reduction.
The informant, who stipulated
that his name should not be
used, gave these further fore
casts :
1. The “cash budget” probably
can be balanced. This budget
classifies as Government income
i social security contributions,
which exceed $4 billion a year.
The conventional budget does
| qot, since they go into a special
j trust fund.
2. The administration will ask
that the present IV2 per cent
rate of social security tax be ex
tended for a year. The rate is
due to go to 2 per cent on Jan
uary 1, before Congress con
venes, but some adjustment
could be made to refund any
money collected at that rate.
3. The administration defi
nitely will renew its request, re
jected by Congress last summer,
for an increase in the national
debt ceiling from $275 billion to
$290 billion. '•
There is not the slightest
| doubt, the official said, that the
| ceiling will have to be raised
! sooner or later.
This whole picture,, an au
thoritative reflection of current
thinking at the Treasury De
partment, does not conflict with
Secretary of the Treasury Hum
phrey’s recent forecast of an
$8 to $9 billion deficit in the
1955 fiscal year starting next
July 1.
Secretary Humphrey specified,
in offering that estimate, that
it did not take into account
savings he said would be made.
If the savings are as sub
stantial as top officials now hope,
| this is the picture which Presi
dent Eisenhower will present to
Congress in his budget message
early in January:
Spending—s 66 or $67 billion,
compared to $72 billion outlay
’ scheduled for the current fiscal
, year.
‘ Income—about $63 billion, as
There were no curtain calls :
from the audience, perplexed by i
the unorthodox finale. i
Until the incident, critics said.
Mr. Poleri and Miss Lane had :
been singing well. Both have
been praised for their perform- j
ance here.
Mr. Rosenstock, who is also the
company's general director,
blamed the incident on Mr.
Poleri's “nervous tension” re
sulting from friction with other
singers during the second act.
Mr. Poleri's anger was evident
as he threw his hat and cape to
the floor in his exit from the
stage.
The Sun-Times quoted Mr.
Poleri as saying later:
“If I could only in some way
apologize to the public for this
bitter thing that I have donev
against more than S6B billion
this year.
Deficit Approximately $3.5
billion, or just about the same as
this year’s estimate of $3.8 bil
lion.
Defqpse Cuts Are Key.
Much depends, it was em
phasized. on the extent to which
Secretary of Defense Wilson
can pare down military outlays.
Mr. Wilson has not yet arrived
at a savings figure as large as
others in the administration
hope to see. Earlier this fall,
the Defense Secretary indicated
he did not hope for a reduction
greatly exceeding $2 billion from
his present spending budget of
$42 billion.
In speaking of national se
curity spending, however, the
administration spokesman re
ferred to more than the Penta
gon budget. He included also
such items as atomic energy and
foreign aid.
McCarthy Will Answer
Truman on Air Tuesday
By the Associated Press
NEW YORK, Nov. 20.
tor McCarthy, Republican, of
Wisconsin will make a radio-TV
! speech from 11 to 11:30 p.m.
(EST) Tuesday in reply to for
mer President Truman.
The speech will be carried by
the major networks that carried
Mr. Truman’s speech last Mon
day night, they announced to
day. Senator McCarthy probably
will make the speech from New
York, an NBC spokesman said.
Senator McCarthy demanded
equivalent TV and radio time to
reply to the address Mr. Truman
aired to the Nation last Monday
night. The Senator made the
demand after Mr. Truman, in
explaining his part in the Harry
Dexter White spy case, de
; nounced “McCarthyism.”
The speech will be carried on
TV and xadio by the NBC, CBS,
ABC networks, and on the Mu
tual radio network.
Gen. Dean Is Assigned
As 6th Army Deputy Chief
. Maj. Gen. William F. Dean,
j who spent more than three years
I in a Communist prison camp in
i Korea, today was named deputy
! commander of the 6th Army with
! headquarters in San Francisco.
The assignment had been
expected.
j He will succeed Maj. Gen.
Frank H. Partridge, effective
January 1. Gen. Partridge is
scheduled to retire December 31
after having completed more
than 36 years of military service.
Gen. Dean recently underwent
an eye operation at Walter Reed
Hospital.
I must calm myself so I will be
able to give a complete state
ment.”
Miss Lane said she noticed Mr.
Poleri “didn’t look at the con
ductor once during the perform
ance. The orchestra was in one
tempo and the tenor in another.”
“Impossible behavior,” fumed
Mr. Rosenstock. “An insult to the
public and the other performers.”
Mr. Rosenstock also said that
Soprano Anne McKnight had
quit the company and planned
to go to Naples, Italy. He
termed her act “one of the worst
cases of breach of contract.” She
, was scheduled to sing lead roles
in operas Tuesday and next Fri
day. A company spokesman said
she quit because she feared Chi
icago music critics. Mr. Rosen
i stock talked of a lawsuit, a
Pomp and Ceremony
Catholic University has a new rector
and President Eisenhower has a new de
gree. Colorful rites at the university
yesterday are described on
Page A-23.
Home Oellvery. Monthly Rates, Evening and Sunday. SI'S. K G’Tt'MTQ
Evenings onlv. 51.30; Sunday only. 65c; Night Final 10c Additional ** -l O
Tax Raise Proposal
To Be Revealed by
City Heads Today
$4.5 Million Revenue
Expected From Phone
And Income Levies
The Commissioners were to an
nounce today their schedule of
proposed District tax increases,
totaling more than $4.5 million
annually, to help finance the
city’s proposed $305 million pub
| lie works improvement program.
A flurry of 11th hour meet-
I ings with civic leaders, local
government officials, a Congress
man and two top congressional
aides yesterday and last night
rounded out the Commissioner's
ideas on a financing plan.
The program was expected to
be announced during the morn
ing, but, after a long session
with their principal aides, the
city heads said the details were
not ready. They instructed that
a final draft be prepared as soon
as possible. This assignment
was given to Assessor James L.
Martin, with instructions that
Mr Martin submit the document
for approval by each individual
commissioner. The drafting was
expected to be finished by mid
afternoon.
This program is expected to
| exclude any raise in the real es
| tate tax, and only slight, if any,
increases in the income and sales
tax rates.
Phone Tax Considered.
Although they have previously
announced they would maintain
a hands-off policy toward the
sales and personal income levies,
it was understood that the Com
missioners have considered:
1. A 2 per cent sales tax on
local telephone calls.
2. A 1 per cent increase in the
income tax, with the present
$4,000 personal exemption re
maining in force.
The telephone sales tax ap
peared a possibility, since at
; present no local sales levy is im
posed on phone bills. Telephone
service already is heavily as
sessed with Federal taxes, a levy
which the Chesapeake & Po
tomac Telephone Co. has been
urging its consumers to resist.
Would Boost Income Rate.
Aside from a telephone sales
tax, the city heads were under
stood to have resisted sugges
tions that general sales tax rates
be increased.
Previously the Commissioners
have indicated they favored a
possible lowering of the income
tax exemption. It is understood
now their thinking has changed,
leaving the exemption as it is
(See PUBLIC WORKS, Pg. A-8.)
Smog Is Expected
To Vanish Tonight
Ground-hugging, eye-smart
ing smog still blanketed Wash
ington and most of the East
Coast today, but southeasterly
winds tonight will begin to
scatter it, the Weather Bureau
says.
Temperature inversion, which
means .that the air at ground
Picture on Poge A-9
level is colder than the upper
air. has kept the haze hanging
around for five days. The condi
tion is made thicker because the
heavy, stable air keeps smoke
and even automobile exhaust
gases at ground level. That ex
plains the eye-stinging, the
bureau said.
Tomorrow is due to be mostly
cloudy and mild. »
New York Markets, Pages A-32-33
Study Shakes
Easy Theories
On Delinquency
Senate Probers Hear
Results of 10-Year
Survey of Problem
By Miriam Ottcnberg
Senate probers of juvenile de
linquency today ditched theories
and turned to a 10-year sci
entific investigation to find out
what m?kes a delinquent.
The Senate Juvenile Delin
quency subcommittee called Drs.
Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck, of
Harvard Law School, who ana
lyzed 500 “true” delinquents and
500 “true” non-delinquents from
the city slum area of Boston to
get the answers themselves.
The Gluecks found it wasn’t
one cause but a multitude of
them—all building up pressures
that exploded in unlawful acts.
They also found that many of
the oft-mentioned factors in de
linquency from the domination
of mothers to proverty applied
as often to the non-delinquents
as to the delinquents.
Make Major Poinls.
Here are some of the main
points they made:
1. There’s nothing wrong with
physical punishment provided it
| is given in calmness and without
anger by a loving parent, but its
value is questionable. The
l Gluecks found that 70. per cent
of the fathers of the delinquents
resorted to physical punishment
j compared with 34.7 per cent of
j the fathers of the non-delin
quents.
2. Consistent discipline so a
boy knows where he stands is
one of the most impprtant ele
ments in making a boy a delin
quent or a non-delinquent. The
Gluecks found that in only 21
of the 500 delinquent cases the
mothers were consistently “firm
but kindly” rather than over
strict. lax or erratic. Among the
non-delinquents seven out of
every 10 mothers were consist
ently firm but kind.
“Big Brother” Values.
; 3. The need for Big Brother
organizations and similar groups
to substitute for fathers was ap
parent . The Gluecks found that
six out of 10 fathers of the de
linquent boys either didn’t care
about their boys or openly dis
; liked them, compared with hos
; tile fathers in two out of 10
cases of the non-delinquents.
The Gluecks also found that
seven out of 10 of the delinquent
boys didn’t like their fathers.
■ compared with three out of 10
j non-delinquent boys.
4. The family unit as an al>-
; for-one-and-one-for-all group
I didn’t exist in 8 out of 10 of the
families of delinquent boys,
whereas 4 out of 10 of the non
delinquent boys’ families were
not a closely knit group.
5. The fact that the mother
worked was true among the same
j number of delinquent and non
delinquent boys—one out of five
lin each group. The Gluecks
found that working mothers was
not an issue, but what was im
portant was the arrangements
the mothers made for supervi
sion in their absence. The
Gluecks found that 7 out of 10
of the delinquent boys were al
lowed to run the streets in their
mother's absence, compared with
1 out of 10 non-delinquents.
Broken Homes Important.
6. On the score of broken
homes, the Gluecks found that
6 out of 10 of the delinquents
I were products of divorce and
desertion, compared with 3 out
of 10 of the non-delinquents.
Analyzing the personality trails
of the two groups, the Gluecks
' found that the deliquents showed
some characteristics which, if
' directed right, would make them
leaders of men. Some of these
traits which were put more
i prominent among the delin
; quents than the non-delinquents
were: Adventuresomeness, live
: | liness, more confidence in suc-
I cess and less fear of defeat.
Both the Gluecks emphasized
s that recreation is being devel
oped without considering the
; ! needs of the delinquents. They
testified delinquents disliked
playgrounds and supervised rec
; reation, preferred older com
, panions and adventurous activi
; ties, traveled to distant neigh
borhoods and went to the movies
1 three or more times a week.
Their testimony, based on in
tensive boy-by-boy case study
| (See- DELINQUENCY, Pg. A-4.)
What, No Hack?
Why Not Double?
DATES WITHOUT WHEELS—
Sharon Doran, The Star's teen-age
columnist, discusses how to have a
successful date without an automo
bile, plus some other things in her
regular Friday column. See page B-4.
OHIO PROBE FINDS A GOAT—
The Zanesville inquiry into the mys
terious wild animal situation hos pro
duced some smelly evidence. For this
ond other lighter developments in the
news, see "Life in the U. 5.," paje
A-17.
Guids for Readers
Amuse'nts A-28-29 Lost, Found A-3
Classified - C-5-15 Obituory A-26
Comics ... A-36-37 Radio-TV ... A-35
Editorial A-10 Sports C-l-4
Edit'l Articles A-11 Woman's
Financial A-32-33, Section -J-l-J