Evening star. [volume], November 30, 1953, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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An Associoted Press Newspaper
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Eden Forecasts
Early Big Four
Ministers' Talk
Feels U. S. Agreeable;
Says Soviet Note
Sets No Conditions
By *h» Associated Press
LONDON, Nov. 30.—Foreign
Secretary Anthony Eden said to
day Britain looked forward to
an early meeting of the Big Four
foreign ministers and was con
fident the United States shared
this hope.
Mr. Eden told the House of
Commons the Russian note of
November 26 means the Soviet
government is prepared to meet
with the United States, Britain
and France “without condi
tions.”
jjaborites quickly pressed the
Foreign Secretary on whether
Washington shared his view or
whether the United States State
Department had taken a ‘dis
couraging attitude." He replied:
“I have naturally had com
munications from the United
States and ... I have every rea
son to believe that the answer
I have just given will be en
dorsed by the United States
Government.”
Hopes For Early Date.
Mr. Eden expressed hope the
meeting will be arranged at an
early date.
Mr. Eden said on the basis of
the Russian note Britain believes
“it will now be possible to ar
range a meeting” of the United
States, British, French and Rus
sian foreign ministers at an early
date.
British press reports have con
tended Washington did not take
such an optimistic view of the
prospects for four-power talks.
Herbert Morrison, foreign sec
retary in the former Labor gov
ernment, referred to these re
ports and asked if Britain would
try to get American agreement
with the British view at the
forthcoming Bermuda confer
ence.
Confident of U. S. Stand.
Again Mr. Eden replied:
“I can only repeat what I have
said. I have already been in
communication with the United
States Government, and I am
quite confident myself that the
answer I have just given to the
House will be indorsed by the
United States.”
Mr. Eden’s reference to the
United States attitude took the
wind out of the Laborites’ sails.
It also came as a surprise to
diplomatic observers here who
had assumed a considerable gap
existed between the views of
London and Washington on the
latest Soviet move.
The Russian note of November
26 expressed the Kremlin’s will
ingness to take part in foreign
ministers’ talks with the three
Western powers.
Note Followed Evasions.
It came after many Soviet eva
sions of similar Western invita
tions dating back to July 15. The
Russian willingness was officially
welcomed by Prime Minister
Churchill’s government, but the
State Department in Washing
ton expressed “disappointment”
at the contents of the Soviet
note.
There have been eight meet
ings of the Big Four foreign
ministers, five of them on the
German and Austrian questions
which ended without final agree
ment. The last took place from
September 27 to October 6, 1949.
Presumably a reply to the lat
*est Russian note will be drafted
by President Eisenhower. Mr
Churchill and French Premier
Laniel at their conference in
Bermuda beginning Friday.
Mr. Eden made his statement
in Parliament in reply to ques- j
tions about the note. He said:
“As I read the Soviet note of
November 26 it means that the
Soviet government are prepared
to meet us without conditions.”
Meeting in West Berlin
In January Forecast
BERLIN, Nov. 30 (tf*).—Foreign
diplomats forecast tonight that
the projected Big Four meeting
on Germany may be held in
West Berlin late in January.
British and French officials
here said informally that all
signs point to this at the moment
although the decision is most
likely to come out of the Ber
muda meeting of President
Eisenhower, Prime Minister
Churchill and Premier Laniel
which starts Friday.
Informed foreign diplomats
said privately that London and
Paris are desirous enough of a
Big Four meeting to regard the
actual location as a side issue.
The French are not too happy
over the Russian proposal to
have it in Berlin, they said, but
are perhaps willing to forego
objection in order to get at the
real problem.
Windsors in London
For a Short Visit
By th« Associated Press
LONDON. Nov. Duke
and Duchess of Windsor arrived
unexpectedly from their Paris
home today for a short visit in
London. They did not announce
the purpose of their trip.
The American-born duchess,
who has never been officially
“accepted” by the royal family,
has not visited England in re
cent years though the duke has
been here often.
Dulles Stresses 'No Surrender'
If Big 4 Talks Materialize
U. S. Hopes to Settle Issues but Won't
Yield on Principles, House Unit Told
By Allen Drury meeting may come a firm Unit-
Secretary of State Dulles said
today that the United States ap
proached possible conferences
with Soviet Russia hoping to
settle specific disputes and end
the atomic armaments race, but
resolved that the conference
table will be “a place for making
our principles prevail” rather
than a place for surrender.
The Secretary testified before
a special House committee on
Russia’s seizure in 1939 of the
Baltic states of Lithuania, Lat
via and Estonia.
“The captive peoples,” he said,
“should know that they are not
forgotten, that we are not rec
onciled to their fate, and above
all, that we are not prepared to
seek illusory safety for ourselves
by a bargain with their masters
which would confirm their cap
tivity.”
Mr. Dulles said it is particu
larly important for the United
States to emphasize these prin
ciples now because “we approach
a possible meeting with the rep
resentatives of the Soviet Union.”
Will Meet Eisenhower.
After his appearance on Cap
itol Hill, Secretary Dulles
planned to call on President
Eisenhower at the White House
to discuss Russia’s latest Cold
War-gambit—a bid for a meet
ing with the United States, Brit
ain and France. Out of the
U. S. Arraigns Reds
On Atrocity Charges
During Korean War.
Lodge Will Make His
Longest Speech in
Support of Cases
By tho Associated Press
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y., Nov.
30.—The United States bitterly
arraigned the Communist world
in the United Nations today for
fearful atrocities in Korea and
for forcibly holding back World
War II prisoners.
Henry Cabot Lodge. Jr., chief
United States delegate, was pre
pared to back up the precedent
setting atrocity charges with the
longest speech of his career as
head of the United States dele
gation, in the full General As
sembly.
On a second front, South Caro
lina’s Gov. James F. Byrnes went
into the 60-nation Social Wel
fare Committee for another ef
fort to shake loose German, Ital
ian and Japanese prisoners miss
ing behind the Iron Curtain for
eight years. The U. N. wants to
find out at least whether they
died in the hands of the Soviets
or their satellites.
It is a problem the U. N has
been trying to solve through a
special international commission
since 1950.
Details of Cases Given.
The United States delegation
made public here Saturday night
part of the Defense Depart
ment’s detailed listing of 29,815
atrocity cases in Korea. The list
ing covered cases up to last June
30, including 6,113 American
soldiers, more than 5,000 other
U. N. military personnel, and
17,354 Korean civilians. The
identity of 839 other victims
could not be determined, the
Americans said.
The United States documents
given the Assembly members
covered eight incidents involving
hundreds of victims. They re
cited mass torture and beatings,
mass killings by burp-gun
spraying at short range, build
ings fired to burn the inhabi
tants alive, live burials, and
death marches.
Affidavits from survivors and
eyewitnesses recited horrifying
details that went beyond mis
treatment, bad food and lack
of medical care.
Much of the testimony dealt
with treatment of prisoners by
North Koreans when the Com
munists retreated north in Sep
telhber, 1950.
Tells of Russian Pictures.
One United States soldier, Pfc.
Allen J. Gifford of Pemberton,
N. J., said Russians in civilian
dress took photographs of his
group. He was one of the sur
vivors of a series of mass killings
near Sochon Tunnel, when pris
oners waiting for their meal of
rice were shot down by auto
matic gunfire at short range.
Spokesmen for Britain, France,
Australia and Turkey were to
take the rostrum after Mr.
Lodge to add their appeals for
an Assembly resolution, spon
sored by all of them, asking
condemnation of such atrocities.
The step is without precedent
in international history. Neither
the Versailles Peace Conference
nor the League of Nations took
such action after the first World
War. The peace conference in
Paris and the U. N. left second
World War atrocities to the
Nuernberg War Crimes Court.
Some of the story recounted
here in the debate today and
tomorrow will be heard again
when Senator Potter, Repub
lican, of Michigan brings some
15 atrocity survivors before a
Senate inquiry into the charges
in Washington tomorrow or
Wednesday.
%\\z Wtoi enitra ifef
V y J V > WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION L/
ed States policy on how Ameri
ca should answer the Soviet
move.
During his Capitol Hill ap
pearance, Secretary Dulles, in
discussing a possible Big Four
meeting, said:
“1 can assure you that we
welcome opportunities to settle
specific disputes between us;
to end the race in armaments,
particularly atomic armament,
and to reduce the risks of war.
“But let me also assure you
of this. We do not look on the
conference table as a place where
we surrender our principles, but
rather as a place for making our
principles prevail. That is our
resolve—a resolve that I am con
fident is backed by the Congress
and by the American people.”
Mr. Dulles said this Govern
ment believes that “a despotism
of the present Soviet type can
not indefinitely perpetuate its
rule over hundreds of millions
of people who love God, who love
their country and who have a
sense of personal dignity.”
Predicts Soviet Collapse.
The Soviet system, he predict
ed, “must itself change or be
doomed ultimately to collapse.”
The House Committee under
the chairmanship of Representa
tive Kersten, Republican, of
(See BIG THREE, Page A-2.)
High Court Upholds
FPC Rate-Fixing in
Natural Gas Sales
Refuses to Review Case
Involving Phillips Co.
And Three States
The Supreme Court today re
fused to review a decision that
the Federal Power Commission
must fix rates for interstate sales
of natural gas by # companies
which produce and gather it.
The decision was given by the
; U. S. Court of Appeals for the
District of Columbia. It was ap
pealed to the high tribunal by
the Phillips Petroleum Co. and
the States of Texas, Oklahoma
and New Mexico.
They argued that the Court of
Appeals decision—now, in effect,
confirmed by the Supreme Court
—would lead to Federal regula
tion of more than 2,300 inde
pendent producers and gatherers
who sell directly to interstate
transmission companies.
Bill Vetoed by Truman.
The question of the commis
sion’s power to regulate rates
of these companies was a hot
issue during the administration
!of President Trqman. Congress
! passed a bill to declare the com-
I mission was without such power
| but Mr. Truman vetoed it.
| Later, the commission itself
decided it did not have such
power. The court decision re
versed that.
In another action, the court
agreed to review complaints by
Harry Sacher and Abraham J.
Isserman that they were per
manently disbarred from prac
tice of law in New York because
of contempt citations against
them as attorneys for 11 Com
munist Party leaders.
Both Received Jail Terms.
Sacher and Isserman received
jail terms when found in con
tempt of court by Federal Judge
Harold R. Medina as a result of
their conduct as defense attor
neys in the trial which led to
conviction of the Communist
leaders. Their present appeal to
the Supreme Court deals only
with their subsequent disbarment
by the New York City Bar Asso
ciation. The court agreed to de
cide whether permanent disbar
ment exceeded the bounds of
fair treatment.
The Supreme Court refused to
review a ruling by the United
States Court of Appeals in Cali
fornia which overturned anti
monopoly proceedings by the
Federal Reserve Board against
Trans-American Corp., the Cali
fornia banking and investment
company.
The board-ruled last year that
the company had built up a
“banking empire” in five West
ern States and that this had
monopolistic tendencies. The
court of appeals held last July
that the board had not proved
monopoly.
Magsaysay Seeks U. S. Aid
MANILA, Nov. 30
ploratory talks on future United
States aid to the Philippines
were held yesterday for the sec
ond time in two days by Presi
dent-elect Ramon Magsaysay
and Harry A. Brenn, chief of
the United States Foreign Oper
ations Administration. A spokes
man said the talks dealt with aid
to rural areas.
Hunt Ordered to Rest
LONDON, Noc. 30 (JP).—Brig.
Sir John Hunt, who led the party
which conquered Mount Everest
last June, has been ordered by
his doctors to cancel all engage
ments and take a complete rest.
The 42-year-old soldier has been
on a lecture tour since returning
home from the Himalayas.
Gouzenko Bars
Questioning by
Jenner Group
Decides Security
Os Family Requires
Keeping Anonymity
By tho Associated Press
TORONTO. Nov. 30. —lgor
Gouzenko, in an interview copy
righted by the Toronto Tele
gram, said today he has decided
not to be interviewed by the Jen
ner Subcommittee of the United
States Senate.
Mr. Gouzenko is the former
Russian code clerk whose disclos
ures sparked the Canadian spy
trials in 1946. The Senate Sub
committee on Internal Security,
headed by Senator Jenner, Re
publican, of Indiana, twice for
warded requests to interview
him, after he was quoted as say
ing he had valuable information.
Last week the Canadian govern
ment agreed that such question
ing would be permitted, but
with restrictions including one
that Mr. Gouzenko must approve
of the interview plan.
Lives Under Assumed Name.
Mr. Gouzenko now is a Cana
dian citizen and lives in an
Ontario village under an as
sumed name. He said today ne
had read the statement made
last week by Lester B. Pearson,
Canadian Foreign Secretary. He
added:
“I noted the words, ‘lt. is his
(Gouzenko’s) responsibility to
determine the effect of any such
discussions on the preservation
of his new identity and conse
quently on his safety.”
“It is clear therefore that the
matter of the interview is now
up to me and the choice before
me is either the conversation
with United States officials or
the safety of my family and my
self.
“I choose safety, not because
to do otherwise would be foolish
courage; in some cases, such as
the defense of one’s honor, even
foolish courage is excusable; but
because I consider the safety of
my family is not just a personal
matter. Canadian and United
States security is also involved.”
Has No New Information.
In his statement to the To
ronto Telegram, Mr. Gouzenko
said he has no new information
about any spy ring. He said
he would have told the United
States investigators there are
many in Soviet spy networks,
especially in Canada and the
United States, who could be en
couraged to desert Russian alle
giance, as he did—if their fear
could be removed.
These people, he said, should
be assured of safety and life
long protection with material
security.
Eisenhower Salutes
Churchill on Birthday
President Eisenhower today
sent congratulations to British
Prime Minister Winston Church
ill on his 79th birthday.
The President said:
“Heartiest congratulations on
your birthday. My best wishes
Churchill Begins His 80th Year with
Usual Work Schedule. Page A-2
for a cheerful celebration and
many more years of happiness
and content. Looking forward to
seeing you soon.”
The message was signed,
“D. E.”
Gen. Eisenhower meets the
British Prime Minister in Ber
muda Friday at the opening of
the Big Three conference.
Bulletin
Ouster to Be Probed
Chairman Langer of the
Senate Judiciary Committee
announced today the commit
tee will begin hearings in Den
ver December 12 on charges
that the United States district
attorney there—a Democrat—
was fired because he prose
cuted a jury tampering case
even after the FBI refused to
help with the investigation.
(Earlier Story on Page A-2.)
Woman, 51, Stays in Jail
Five Months Seeking 'Justice'
By the Associated Press
CARLSBAD, N. Mex., Nov. 30.
—A stubborn little 51-year-old
woman with a firm belief in her
own rights has finished her
fifth month in a jail cell.
“And 111 stay here,” says Mrs.
Frances Supina, “until I get
justice.”
Mrs. Supina absolutely refuses
to pay a SI,OOO fine for contempt
of court.
Her neighbors on swank River
side drive here complained that
she was renting a garage apart
ment in violation of a restrictive
covenant in her deed. The Dis
trict Court ordered her to stop.
She refused, contending die
was letting a displaced couple
use the apartment in return for
work and was charging no rent.
A fine of SI,OOO was levied for
contempt.
Last July 6 the entered the
county jail refusing to pay.
After a few days in jail seven
friends came forward with the
money. But she again refused.
WUWMTMABU
TO FOR6ET rr BY NEXT f T; I
New York Newspaper Strike
Reported Near Arbitration
Agreement Reached to Submit
Certain Issues to Arbiter
By tire Associated Press
NEW YORK, Nov. 30.—An
agreement to submit certain is
sues to arbitration has been
reached in a photoengravers’
strike that has closed six major
New York newspapers, and it
will be submitted to a union
membership meeting this after
noon, the New York Times said.
The Times, one of the six
struck papers, posted this notice
on the door of the Times Build
ing:
“It is expected that agree
ment reached last night between
publishers’ and photoengravers’
committees will be presented to
union membership today. The
Times will publish an edition
at the earliest possible moment.
You are requested to be avail
able immediately for work.”
Later, a Times spokesman, in
clarifying the notice, said there
was no agreement on basic
issues.
Union Meeting Called.
The Photoengravers’ Union has
called a general membership
meeting for 4 p.m. today.
The Times’ use of the word
“agreement” in its notice was
the first such indication since
the negotiations recessed in the
early hours today. Neither the
union nor the publishers’ nego
tiators would say whether any
decisions had been reached at
the sessions.
Three of the city’s morning
papers failed to appear today as
the strike, which began Satur
day, reached full effect. The
fourth, the Herald Tribune,
which is not involved in the cur
rent controversy, appeared as a
condensed 8-page newspaper
with a press run increased to
2.5 million from a normal 360,-
000.
The three afternoon papers
missed early editions and there
appeared little prospect that they
would be able to get on the
street later in the day.
New Yorkers staged a run on
the few newsstands which regu
larly carry out-of-town papers,
quickly buying editions from
Washington, Boston, Philadel
phia, Baltimore and other points
as soon as they arrived.
The strike was called by Local
1, AFL International Photo
engravers Union, in a dispute
with publishers over wages.
The strike began at the start
of the Christmas shopping sea
son y when newspapers carry
heavy advertising. The Herald
Tribune’s streamlined edition
carried no advertising.
The Monday editions of the
Times, Daily News and Daily
Mirror did not appear. The
struck afternoon newspapers,
which union spokesmen said
could not be published today,
are the World-Telegram and
“Justice is what I want ... to
clear my name,” she said.
Embarrassed officials didn’t
know what to do. Mrs. Supina
has to stay in jail until the fine
is paid or until the judge is over
ruled.
Friends appealed to the Gov
ernor. Smiling grimly. Mrs. Su
pina promised that if he didn’t
act she’d take the case to a
higher court.
Complainants against her for
the deed violation include the
Mayor, a former bank president,
an official of one of the huge
Carlsbad potash mines, a former
city attorney and a number of
well-to-do businessmen.
Assistant District Attorney
John Lawless filed suit asking
that the State sell a 21-unit
apartment house belonging to
Mrs. Supina to satisfy the fine
and a SSOO debt the city says
shq owes for back garbage col
lections.
Sirs. Supina says shell fight
that suit, too.
Sun, Journal - American and
Post.
All of the struck papers oper
ate their own engraving plants,
which produce plates for the re
production of pictures and illus
trations in newspapers.
• Contract Continued.
The Herald Tribune engraving
is done by an outside commercial
firm—Powers Engraving Co.—
which also does work for a num
ber of New York trade and for
eign language papers. An official
of the firm said its contract with
| the union was continued in force
! by the union, pending the out
come of negotiations with the
newspapers.
Yesterday union officials an
nounced they were preparing de
mands for commercial shop con
tracts expiring during the next
few months.
The papers were closed down
when other unions, including
mechanical and other craft, edi
torial and business office
workers, observed the picket lines
set up by engravers at each
plant.
The combined circulation of
the struck newspapers is more
than 5 million. Tile strike of 400
photoengravers made about 20,-
000 newspaper employes idle.
The Herald Tribune apparentyl
was the only newspaper which
made any appreciable increase
in its press runs. The Brooklyn
Eagle reported that it was op
erating normally, printing the
usual number of editions and
copies. The Long Island Press
and the Long Island Star Jour
nal, in Queens, said they also
were operating normally.
The Daily Worker, Communist
! Party organ, carried a first-page
statement today that the paper
will be distributed to newsstands
and mailed to subscribers as
usual. It said it is not involved
in the strike, as its engraving is
done in a commercial plant.
sls Increase Sought.
During negotiations the union
asked for a package increase of
sls a week, including wages,
pensions and welfare insurance.
The publishers offered a $3.75-
a-week package. Current pay
is $l2O a week for day work and
sl3l for night work. The photo
engravers’ contract with the six
struck newspapers expired Oc
tober 31.
The union members voted, 207
to 147, on Friday to reject an
offer by the publishers to sub
mit the dispute to arbitration.
The Herald Tribune, in its
Monday morning editions, elim
inated advertising except for
legal and death notices. Its
eight-page news section today
compared with an edition of 34
pages last Monday.
Size of Paper Explained.
The Herald Tribune said in
a front page box today that it
“held this edition to eight pages
without advertising in order to
print the maximum number of
papers and thereby give the wid
est possible distribution to the
day’s basic news. . . .”
The newspaper’s story on the
strike said:
"A plan for the Herald Tribune
to publish some of the news and
features from the other papers
in the form of advertising was
dropped when members of the
Herald Tribune’s craft unions re
fused to reproduce this mate
rial.”
Struck publishers previously
had made such a plan.
30 Bus Riders Drown
In Pakistan River
By llw Associated Press
PESHAWAR, Pakistan, Nov.
30.—A crowded bus plunged off
a small pontoon bridge into the
muddy waters of the Indus River
yesterday, drowning 30 persons.
The dead included five women
and three children.
Only two persons escaped. Re
ports said one of the 22 pontoons
holding the bridge gave way just
as the crowded bus came over.
Report on Russia
The Red Commissars try to hide the
fact that the worker barely ekes out a
minimum subsistence standard of living.
A member of Congress reports on a tour
of Europe. See story on
Page A-10.
’ New York Morkets. Pages A-18-19
House Group Favors
Virtual Autonomy
For Revenue Service
Two-Year Study Cites
'Political Meddling'
By Treasury Officials
A House subcommittee recom
mended today that the Internal
Revenue Service be made practi- j
cally independent of the Treas
ury Department except for
policy rulings.
The Ways and Means Com- |
mittee group, in the fourth in
stallment of its report on a two
year investigation, took no
stand on whether the agency
should be divorced completely
from the department.
It left open for possible further
congressional study a Treasury
contention that the department
should keep its supervisory
power over administration of the
internal revenue laws because it
must conduct fiscal affairs and
help frame tax legislation.
“It seems clear, however, that
there is no necessity for Treas
ury control over decisions on in
dividual tax cases,” he subcom
mittee declared. “The public
hearings on six tax* cases in
which Treasury officials inter
vened are indicative of the
abuses which can flow from
Treasury control of the decision
making process in tax cases. To
! terminate the authority of
| Treasury officials over tax ad
j ministration would prevent oc-
I currence of such improprie-
I ties.”
$lO Million in Revenue Lost.
The six cases, discussed in
the report's first installment,
indicated that interference by
several Treasury officials in re
cent years deprived the Gov
ernment of about $lO million in
revenue, the subcommittee re
called.
“These disclosures of political
meddling in revenue adminis
tration and of corrupt practices
of revenue officials chosen for
political reasons have added
further impetus to proposals
which have been advanced for
divorcement of the bureau from
the Treasury," the subcommit
tee continued.
“However, too much must not
be read into the six Treasury in
terference cases. No redistribu
tion of responsibility over tax
administration can guarantee
that the controlling official will
be insensitive to personal or po
litical considerations.
“This result would be particu
larly likely if, as is quite prob
able, the Commissioner of Inter
nal Revenue emerged as a strong
political figure as a result of
granting autonomy to the bureau.
“Moreover, the subcommittee
has found instances indicating
that honest and capable Treas
ury officials in the past have
acted as a check on venality
and incompetence in the bureau "
Aid for Favored Taxpayers.
The new set-up in the Internal
Revenue Service, the subcommit
tee observed, has made some
“desirable changes from the
viewpoint of efficiency.” But
these do not go to the core of
the problem “of Treasury power
to influence handling of specific
cases in the interest of a favored
taxpayer,” the subcommittee
commented.
As for Treasury control over
decision-making, the subcom
mittee noted that approval from
the Secretary of the Treasury is
still required on final tax agree
ments. This same power was
found to have been abused in
some of the cases brought to
light in the investigation, as was
the still-existing “vague rule that
(See REVENUE, Page A-2.)
Adenauer Sees Conant
BONN, Germany, Nov. 30 (JP).
—Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
today discussed Russia’s recent
bid for a Big Four foreign min-,
isters’ meeting with United States
Commissioner James B. Conant.
Supreme Court
Challenged on
School Power
South Carolina Says
Bench Can't Direct
End of Segregation
By Robert K. Welsh
The State of South Carolina
contended today that even if
the Supreme Court had power
to declare public school segre
gation unconstitutional it could
not "constitute itself a super
board of education to direct
operation of the State's schools
according to a judicially devised
plan.”
In a brief filed with the high
court in preparation for oral
arguments next week on cases
from four States and the Dis
trict, South Carolina clung to
its earlier claim that racial segre
gation in the schools in con
stitutional.
Defending the "separate but
equal” doctrine, the State in
sisted that it is doing every
thing possible to remove all in
equalities between white and
colored schools.
Among the attorneys who pre
pared the South Carolina brief
was John W. Davis, 1924 Demo
cratic presidential nominee. Mr.
Davis argued the South Carolina
case at original hearings before
the Supreme Court last Decem
ber and is expected to do so
again next week.
The State of Kansas also filed
its briefs with the high court
today. It explains that it nei
ther advocates nor defends the
policy of racial segregation in
public schools.
Policy Determination Sought.
“We advocate only a concept
of constitutional law which per
mits detenhinations of State and
local policy to be made on State
and local levels,” the brief stated.
Kansas authoriteis contended
| that the framers of the 14th
amendment did not contemplate
that any Federal authority,
either legislative or judicial,
could abolish segregation with
out a further grant of constitu
tional power. The brief added,
however, that if segregation were
found to be within the field of
Federal authority. Congress and
not the courts would have the
power to change or eliminate the
system.
The Supreme Court expected
to receive later today briefs from
the District government defend
ing legality of the dual system
here and also from Virginia State
authorities. It already has briefs
from District, Virginia, South
Carolina, Kansas and Delaware
groups as well as from the Justice
Department, urging that school
segregation be abolished.
Legal Evidence Cited.
In reply to further specific
questions asked by the Supreme
Court, the South Carolina brief
declared:
1. The overwhelming prepon
derance of historical and legal
i evidence demonstrates that Con
! gress and the States, in submit
| ting and ratifying the 14th
amendment, did not contemplate
I it would abolish segregation in
i public schools.
2. Nor was it the understand
ing of that Congress and those
States that any future Congress
could rely on the 14th amend
j ment to abolish segregation in
public schools.
3. It is not within the power
l of the courts to construe the
14th amendment as abolishing
such segregation.
Could Permit “Adjustment.”
4. Assuming, however, that
segregation were found to vio
late the 14th amendment, the
Supreme Court conceivably could
| permit “an effective gradual ad
| justment” to end segregated sys
! terns, but would not be obliged
I to order that segregation be
j ended "forthwith.”
5. Assuming again that segre
gation were found unconstitu
(tionel, the Supreme Court could
! not properly hand down a de
railed decree as to the precise
| method of integrating white and
! colored schools. The court
(Continued on Page A-2, Col. 3.)
1952 Seals Set Mark
NEW YORK, Nov. 30 (>P).—
Thirteen million persons, more
than ever before, contributed to
the 1952 Christmas seal sale of
the National Tuberculosis Asso
ciation. The organization, in its
annual report disclosed yester
day, said contributions last year
! totaled $23,238,148.
Red Living Standards
Below 1928 Level
RUSSIAN WORKER STRUGGLES—
Representative Smith, Republican, of
Wisconsin, shows the Red "paradise”
in a realistic light on Page A-10
. after his summer tour of Europe. Six
hours and 13 minutes of work equal
a pound of butter there; 31 minutes
of work here.
4-H WINNERS—Six Maryland and
Virginia representatives at the Na
tional 4-H Congress in Chicago win
achievement awards. Story and pic
tures on Page B-1.
Guide for Readers
Amusements B-8 Lost, Found A-3
Classified B-13-18 Obituary A-12
Comics -B-20-21 Rodio-TV . B-19
Crossword .—l-20 Sports A-15-17
Editorial A-10 Woman's
EditT Articles A-llj Section B-3-5