Evening star. [volume], April 11, 1955, Page ** A-11, Image 11

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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David Lawrence —
Dies Recalls First Report
Former Chairman of Un-American Activities Committee
Declares Roosevelt and Advisers Blundered at Yalta
Representative Martin Dies
of Texas. Democrat and for
mer chairman of the House
Committee on Un-American
Activities, says President Roos
evelt blundered at Yalta and
that to acknowledge the mis
takes "is not a condemnation
of the Democratic Party.” Mr.
Dies has written to this cor
respondent a letter which is
presented here in full text:
“Os all that is being written
and spoken concerning the
tragic mistakes of Yalta, cer
tain basic facts are being ig
nored or overlooked. In order
to understand Yalta, it is
essential to know the attitude
of the Roosevelt administra
tion towards Russia and com
munism when the President
and his advisers met witn
Churchill and Stalin to decide
the future of the world.
“No judge or juror can ren
der a fair decision if he has
preconceived opinions or if
he hears the case with his
mind made up in advance of
trial. I know it to be a fact
from my conversations with
Mr. Roosevelt. Mr. Ickes, Mr.
Hopkins, and other members
of the Roosevelt team that
Mr. Roosevelt and his advisers
went to Yalta with tragically
erroneous ideas about Russia
and communism. As I have
reported many times since
1939. Mr. Roosevelt and his
key aides told me quite frank
ly and definitely that they
did not believe the findings
and conclusions of the Dies
Committee with reference to
the criminal and aggressive
plans, tactics and methods of
Communists at home and
abroad, and that they be
lieved that the future of
America depended upon close
collaboration with Russia and
a tolerant, if not protective,
attitude towards Communists
in the United States. They
ridiculed the finding of the
Dies Committee contained in
our first report dated January
3, 1939, which reads as fol
lows:
“ ‘We have shown that com
munism is a world-wide revo
lutionary movement aiming
Doris Fleeson —
Corsi Firing Stirs Storm
Dulles Has Involved Himself in a Political Question
That May Affect Outcome of 1956 Election
John Foster Dulles who has
sometimes demonstrated in
difference to, or at least inde
pendence of public opinion,
may have bitten off more than
he can chew in his firing of
Edward J. Corsi, the State
Department’s expediter of im
migration.
The firing has attracted an
unusual amount of criticism
from liberals in both parties.
If it had taken place while
the Senate was in session.
Secretary Dulles would have
been the subject of almost
daily excoriations on the floor.
As it is. several Senators have
denounced Mr. Dulles’ action,
and many more may attack
it when the Senate resumes.
Mr. Corsi, a liberal Repub
lican who had campaigned for
Mr. Dulles when he was a can
didate for the Senate, was
brought to Washington by Sec
retary Dulles as the man most
able to make the immigration
laws work. But Mr. Corsi is
an outstanding opponent of
the McCarran-Walter Immi
gration Act which severely lim
its opportunities to immigrate
to this country although the
act obstensibly was designed
Dorothy Thompson —
Prestige of U. S. Suffers Blow
Yalta Documents Reveal No New Historical Facts;
Dulles' Stock Drops to New Low by Publication
The debate about the Yalta
papers Is rather silly. A de
pressing picture of modern
personal diplomacy, they re
veal no new historical facts
and their publication has
served no purpose except to
cause the stock of American
prestige in general, and of Mr.
Dulles in particular, to drop to
a new low.
The appalling tactlessness
that President Roosevelt
showed at Yalta, when he con
fided in Stalin his views on
British imperialism behind the
Prime Minister’s back, is
merely repeated by publishing
the records, also behind the
Prime Minister’s back, and at
the very moment of his retire
ment. The Russians can, and
do, combine a ferociously te
nacious pursuit of self-interest
with a correctness of personal
demeanor Stalin was certainly
not impressed by the Presi
dent’s anti-British confidences,
and would draw only one con
clusion (compatible with his
belief in the decadence of
capitalist states and the "in
nate contradictions" between
them) that the President was
entirely untrustworthy.
The suggestion that the
United States should now "re
pudiate" the agreements is
pure partisan politics, and the
counter-argument that the
agreements contain the only
formal commitments by the
Russians to a different course
than they have pursued In
East Europe, is equally be
side the point.
Mr. Roosevelt and Mr.
Churchill did exact the prom
ise "to broaden the base" of
the government the Russians
K v >
ultimately at the setting up
of a world union of Soviet
Socialist Republics. This is
a proposition which is beyond
dispute. It is substantiated by
voluminous literature of the
Communists themselves.
" ‘ln this plan for world rev
olution. the Communists have
omitted no country or people
as too small or insignificant to
command their attention Thpy
have, on the other nand taken
the logical position of concen
trating their attention upon
the richest and most (jopuious
countries of the earth. Amor g
these the Communists recog
nize the United States of
America as the foremost. The
Communists’ eonouest of the
earth will be far less than
complete until it has con
quered America and destroyed
our free institutions.
“‘lt follows logically from
the Communist International's
plan of world cor,quest that
every possible tactic, device,
maneuver, and intrigue would
be employed to gain such an
end as the communization *>f
America. These tactics, devices,
maneuvers, and intrigues are
both boldly open and patently
subtle, both violent and insidi
ous. The tactics and maneu
vers for revolutionary ends are
the meat and drink of a Com
munist. They are the very air
he breathes.’
“Mr. Roosevelt treated this
and many other warnings is
sued by me and the committee
concerning the tactics and
aims of the Communists as a
huge joke. On one occasion Mr.
Roosevelt laughingly told me
that he thought I ‘saw a Red
under my bed at night.’ Mr.
Ickes called me a ‘zany’ and
ridiculed me publicly. Mrs.
Perkins made the false state
ment publicly that I had ac
cused Shirley Temple of being
a Communist.
“It is this sort of attitude
and thinking which Mr.
Roosevelt carried with him to
Yalta. Is it any wonder,
therefore, that America lost at
Yalta the fruits of hard-won
victory and that Stalin came
to assist victims of fascism.
Representative Walter, whose
name joins that of the late
Senator-McCarran on the im
migration measure, a Demo
crat from Pennsylvania, lost
little time in coming to the
attack He charged Mr. Corsi
with various Communist asso
ciations, some of which he was
forced tc withdraw promptly.
Yet Secretary Dulles, although
a security check was incom
plete. decided that it was the
better part of valor to remove
Corsi from the immigration
job and create another apart
from Representative Walter’s
interests This new job, that of
scouting immigration possibil
ities in South America, Mr.
Corsi has turned down.
The bitter politics of the
situation is that Mr. Corsi is
an Italian-American, an en
tity only lately rising to po
litical prominence. Italian
immigrants have had to fight
a language barrier which did
not afflict the Irish, for in
stance. The Irish very early
became powerful in American
politics. It has only been re
cently that the Italians have
begun to make up for lost
time. Edward Corsi is among
had intsalled in Poland, and
to hold free elections. But the
two Westerners did not “give"
the Russians anything, for the
Russians were already in ef
fective possession of every
thing they have today.
The last moment to have
put one’s foot down was at
San Francisco when Mr. Mo
lotov calmly told Mr. Stettinlus
and Mr. Eden that the Rus
sians had arrested the Polish
underground leaders who had
dutifully presented themselves
to help "broaden the base" of
the Russian-sponsored govern
ment, and had imprisoned
them in Moscow.
That moment was the acid
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n a
out of the conference with
concessions that changed the
map and future of the world?
“1 do not mean to imply
that Mr. Roosevelt was actu
ated by ulterior motives. Ido
not believe there has ever been
a President of our country who
intentionally did something
contrary to the best interest
of our country. Neither do I
seek to detract from Mr.
Roosevelt’s great leadership
during the dark days of the
depression. But it is impor
tant to our children that we
face up to the ugly truth of
Yalta in the hope that future
generations will profit by our
mistakes and avoid another
Yalta.
“Blind and misguided par
tisanship which defends the
indefensible does not serve the
best Interest of our country.
It is not a condemnation of
the Democratic Party today to
acknowledge one of the worst
blunders in the history of our
country. The Republican
Party has been guilty of tragic
blunders, such as the recon
struction era after the war
between the States which did
so much to retard the politi
cal, economic and spiritual
growth of our country.
"The ‘party hacks’ who con
done and defend the mistakes
of their party are neither
statesmen who serve the in
terest and welfare of their
country, nor politicians who
serve the ultimate interest of
their party.
“Despite all the denials and
countercharges. Yalta was a
terrible blunder which has al
ready cost our country precious
lives and billions of dollars
and which may yet plunge us
into a devastating war. Only
if we recognize it as a blunder
and acknowledge its cause can
we profit in the future and
save our civilization from de
struction.
“There are none so blind as
those who will not see: there
are none so deaf as those who
will not hear. In the world in
which we live we cannot sur
vive If we are blind and deaf to
our mistakes.”
(Reproduction Rights Reserved)
the most admired of Ameri
cans of Italian ancestry. There
is little doubt that what hap
pens to him will influence
deeply other citizens of like
origin. In some States the
Italian-American vote is pow
erful indeed.
There is, in addition, the ef
fect of Secretary Dulles’ action
on liberals. One ot the firsi ob
jections to Mr. Dulles’ firing of
Mr. Corsi came from Jacob K.
Javits, attorney general of New
York, and as the only Repub
lican holder of a State office
there, the leader of the party
in the State. Mr. Javits is pre
cisely the kind of liberal that
Mr. Corsi is, and nis criticism
of the Corsi firing will carry
weight.
Secretary Dulles, who feels
that most of his attention
should be given to high policy
rather than the day-to-day
operations of the department,
may soon find that in avoiding
an argument with Represen
tative Walter over the appoint
ment of Mr. Corsi he was
involved himself in a pontical
question of such Intense heat
that it way well influence the
outcome of the elections in
1956.
test of how much the West
erners would take. Mr. Eden,
then, was prepared to go the
whole way even though it
might mean breaking up the
United Nations—or forming it
without the Russians. But
President Truman and Mr.
Stettinius confined themselves
to expressions of wounded mo
rality. That was the moment
when Poland was finally “sold
down the river”—and not by
by Mr. Roosevelt, who was
dead.
From then on the Russians
really had a free hand. They
had repudiated their part of
the agreements on Poland,
quite openly and calmly, and
ills
• Boy, Is That Rabbit Gonna Catch It!
End of Point 4
Shifting Urged
By the Associated Press
The National Planning Asso
ciation citing “five years of fum
bling and change,” suggests the
United States technical co-oper
ation program be given perma
nent, semiautonomous status
within the State Department.
The program, which supplies
“know how” to underdeveloped
nations, costs around $l2O mil
lion a year.
The association made its rec
ommendations in a report re
leased yesterday after a two
year study of technical co-oper
ation in Latin America. The
study was financed with a $440,-
000 Ford Foundation grant.
Its recommendations apply on
a global scale.
The association's 25-member
Policy Committee, headed by
Laird Bell of Chicago, noted that
technical assistance or co-opera
tion had had four different ad
ministrations within the past five
years.
It suggested that perhaps the j
State Department could be reor
ganized into two main branches. j
One would deal with diplomatic
and consular activities. The i
other might administer overseas j
action programs.
The policy committee also rec- |
ommended that technical assist-1
ance appropriations should be
authorized annually, so as to “re
gotten away wi'th it—on Amer
ican soil.
But the intellectual and his
torical error is to treat the
Teheran-Yalta-Potsdam agree
ments as though they were
the cause of subsequent devel
opments. They were the cause
of nothing. They were the ul
timate, logical, and inevitable
culmination of all the preced
ing events—of the way the
war began, the situation of the
Western allies at its outbreak,
the way the war was con
ducted, and the absence (espe
cially by the United States) of
any political aims beyond “un
conditional surrender” and the
starry-eyed left-wing dream of
"a new and better world.”
All roads led to Yalta. His
torians for a long time to come
will be analyzing World War
11. But they won’t need to do
any analyzing of Yalta. It was j
just the Q. E. D.
(Released by the Bell Syndicate. Inc.)
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Fletcher Knebel —
Potomac Fever
Two big Washington events this week. Easter eggs are
being rolled on the White House lawn. Taxpayers will be
rolled on April 15.
* * * *
Ike wants to enlarge the White House offices. Repub
licans are so worried about the dangers of big government,
they need more room to do their worrying in.
* * * *
Democratic Chairman Butler will testify this week on chang
ing the election laws. Elections are getting so expensive that
a Democratic candidate costs his party almost as much in
defeat as he costs the country in victory.
* * * *
Pictures of Washington and Lincoln replace portraits of
Truman and Roosevelt in the White House lobby. Washington
and Lincoln will be given 90-day trials—pending completion of
full security investigations.
* * * *
Every time Ike goes to his Gettysburg farm, one fellow
Republican offers up a little prayer—then insures it with an
other SIOO bet on Adlal Stevenson.
* * * *
Prime Minister All of Pakistan takes a second wife. When
that fellow loses a collar button around the house, by the beard
of the prophet, he wants action!
* * * *
Moscow radio says there are “slave labor camps” all over
the United States. Some Russian agent has been sneaking
around the college football fields during spring training.
move from the program the mis
leading appearance of short-run
status.”
Basic Part of Policy
The planning association's
board chairman, H. Christian
Sonne, emphasized at a news
conference that public programs
of technical co-operation are a
“basic element” In the Nation's
foreign policy.
At the same time, he said there
would be little likelihood of in
creased demands for funds, say
ing it would be difficult to spend
any more on the program intelli
gently.
Nationalist Planes
Damage 10 Boats
TAIPEI, Formosa, April 11
(A 1 ). Nationalist warplanes,
under restraint from attacking
the Red China mainland, were
out again today seeking targets
of opportunity off the coast.
Easter Sunday was a relatively
busy day. Nationalist pilots re
ported they damaged eight Com
munist gunboats of between 30
and 40 tons each and hit two
large wooden junks.
The Reds in the Amoy area
fired 55 shells at Nationalist
held Quemoy. Nationalist guns
reDlied.
Crashing U. S. Pilot
Dies to Spare City
ATSUGI, Japan, April 11 (/P).—
A United States Marine pilot
sacrificed his life today rather
than let his FJ-2 Fury crash in
Yokohama's crowded streets.
The plane crashed into a hill
side seven miles east of the naval
air station here.
The Navy said the pilot, whose
name was withheld, developed
engine trouble over Yokohama.
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THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. C.
MoxpAT, sraiL ti, rasa
Constantine Brown —
Europe Back on Feet
Free Nations' Economy Better Than Ever;
U. S. Industry Feeling Competition
Recent official reports from
Western Europe paint a very
rosy picture of the European
economy as of this year. The
per capita consumption in the
17-member nations of the Or
ganization for European Eco
nomic Co-operation is placed
at 12 per cent higher than
before World War 11. Exports
were 70 per cent over those of
1938, the year before the out
break of the war. Imports
were only 12 per cent higher,
a healthy figure indeed. Over
all, the economic health of the
free nations of Europe appears
to be better than it has ever
been and the general standard
of living is significantly im
proved.
These cheerful figures are
all the more astounding when
it is considered that in 1945
most of Western Europe was
prostrate. Production, diverted
to military needs for every
five years, had shuddered to a
halt under the hammer blows
of war and bombings. Produc
tion machinery of all kinds
was worn out if it had not been
destroyed. Even agriculture,
badly disorganized and strug
gling without manpower and
machinery, was crippled to the
point that starvation was real
and hopeless. Transportation
was battered and disrupted
over huge areas of the entire
continent, rolling stock
wrecked and worn out, roads,
bridges and railroad tracks de
stroyed, organizations broken
up and bankrupt.
Yet today, we find that same
war-torn continent in better
shape than it was in the so
called prosperous days before
the march of Hitler’s Nazi le
gions in the fall of 1939.
Os course, the tremendous
and always amazing ability of
mankind to revive, rebuild and
reorganize is here the dominant
factor in this almost incredible
rebirth of Europe from the
ashes. But even the most de
termined people in the world
need tools to work with, capital
to launch productive enterprise,
supplies and equipment to re
build dams and bridges, rail
roads and power stations and
all the other manifold neces
sities of a modem society. All
of those things, and much
more, were provided by the
taxpayers of the United States
in a series of plans for grants
in-aid and other economic as
sistance, most of which will
never be directly repaid.
The philosophy behind these
unprecedented gifts to Europe
—and they went to both friend
and foe alike—was to the ef
fect that a sick Europe would
be easy prey to the hungry
march of communism.
History is replete with exam
ples of the ease with which
half-starved, beaten and dis
** A-11
couraged people will dumbly
surrender their last vestiges of
freedom and self respect for
any panacea and political or
economic system appearing to
hold forth hope for food and
shelter and some sort of eco
nomic security. That this se
curity is akin to that of the
concentration camp appears to
make little difference to the
sufferers.
So the United States, thrown
by the fortunes of war into
the unenviable position of the
world’s leader and spared most
of the destruction and disloca
tion visited on Europe, untied
the purse strings and helped
unstintingly to set Europe
back on its feet.
The Marshall Plan, the sev
eral economic assistance or
ganizations stemming from it,
the present-day FOA admin
istering the Point Four pro
gram all over the world, the
NATO military buying in Eu
ropean member nations all
these and many more organ
ized and costly efforts have
gone into the reviving of Eu
rope's devastated economy.
Some justification for this
vast expenditure of American
funds extracted from the pro
duction and pockets of every
American can be readily found ■
in the check so obviously ad
ministered tQ the designs of
the master plotters in the
Kremlin.
But the time has very defi
nitely come for a halt to the
largesse, while responsible
American policy-makers take
time out to assess the situation
as of today against the need
for continued expenditures.
American industry is already
beginning to feel the pinch of
sharp competition from under
priced European production.
It would seem the most bit
ter of ironies to continue to
tax American industry and
American labor for the pur
pose of strengthening the very
competition that now bids fair
to severely lower the American
income. ■,
Indeed, the proper time for
such a reappraisal is long since
past. The unhappy suspicion
grows that the business of
American giveaways to the rest
of the world has become such
a Colossus of bureaucracy that
it cannot be controlled.
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