Evening star. [volume], August 14, 1955, Page A-13, Image 13

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
END AND BEGINNING—An artist’s drawing of Fort Clatsop, near what is now
Astoria, Oreg. It was here that members of the Lewis and Clark expedition
spent the winter of 1805-6 after breaking a trail through the wilderness.—AP
Photo. ‘ *
THE WEEK IN RELIGION
Scientists and Clergy
Forge Stronger Ties
By Religious News Service
It Is symbolic of the growing
tie between religion and sicencei
that a clergyman will play a
major role in this country’s'
participation in the Interna-;
tional Geophysical Year of 1957-
58. in which the first man-made
space satellite will be launched.:
He is the Rev. James B. Macel- [
wane. S. J., dean of St. Louis:
University’s Institute of Tech
nology and president of the
American Geophysical Union.
The priest is chairman of an li
man United States technical
panel on seismology and gravity, i
one of the many divisions of
sciences which will be studied!
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[by this Nation during the special i
year.
Major projects of Father j
Macelwane’s panel will include ,
'a geophysical study of Antarc- <
tica and a survey of the earth 1
under the Atlantic Ocean. Seis
mic and gravity observations also ;
will be made in the Pacific and i
the panel will measure the ac- <
cumulation of strain in the ‘
earth’s crust. !’
Several other current develop- :
ments underscore the concern of I
religion with scientific progress.
Roman Catholic schools and I
colleges in Prance are preparing l
to put greater stress on tech-,i
inlcal and scientific courses as<
the result of a directive issued
by the French hierarchy.
The bishops said modern
scientific discoveries have made
it necessary to include more of
these courses in Catholic edu
cational programs.
The University of Paris an
nounced that next month it will
offer a special section for the
study of electronics. Within a
few days after the announce
ment, so many applications for
the course were received that!
university officials had to close
off registration for it.
Religion-Science Parley Held
At Star Island, N. 11., some
200 clergymen, scientists, educa
tors and professional men con-i
eluded a five-day conference on
“Religion in the Age of Science.” i
The churchmen present came
irom 13 Protestant denomina
tions.
j The conference was sponsored
by the Institute of Religion and
Science, an interdenominational
i group that aims to “increase un
derstanding by religion and*
Lewis and Clark Trek
Marked by Rebuilt Fort
, By GORDON G. MACNAB
Auocltttd Frets Writer
ASTORIA, Oreg.. Aug. 13—
I The long trail ended here.
One hundred and fifty years
ago, a file of gaunt and ragged
men staggered out of the wil
derness onto this bleak point of
land. It was the Lewis and
Clark expedition.
Following winding rivers, some
times fording and shooting rac
ing rapids, climbing rugged
mountains, it had journeyed
westward through the uncharted
Northwest as the opening ®ove
in President Thomas Jefferson’s
bold bid for trade and territory.
; . Scoots Follow Trail
Today the log fort that shel
* tered the expedition has been
rebuilt on the shores of the Pa
cific Heading toward it from
hundreds of miles to the Bast,
over the same trail, is a party
of Explorer Scouts, crossing the
bitterroots. tramping the Lolo
trail, canoeing down the Clear
water, the Snake and the Co
lumbia.
In scores of cities along the
route arc celebrations telling
science of their common prob
lems, ease tension between them,
and develop a philosophy that
will integrate the areas of knowl
edge and the insights of all the,
world’s great faiths for the estab-j
lishment of a better world.”
A similar conference, held a
few weeks ago at Winona Lake,]
Ind., was the first Joint meeting |
of the American Scientific As-
I filiation and the Evangelical
Theological Society,
i About 100 delegates from the
; United States and Canada at
t tended the sessions at Grace
• Theological Seminary devoted to
the relationship between the
■ Bible and science.
Interpretations Vary
i The scientists present report
• edly agreed with the belief of]
• the theologians in the complete ;
. scientific accuracy of the Bible. 1
! but both groups said that men
| frequently err in their interpre
tation of it. The delegates de-i
, cided to meet jointly again next
year.
■ j Dr. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, 1
i Archbishop of Canterbury, said;
not long ago that the old con
flict between religion and science
was dying and that the atomic
age had brought about “almost
I complete reconciliation between
the two fields.”
ii The belief is increasing, he;
said, that science and religion
“belong together, as part of
again in pageantry and story
the remarkable saga of Meri
• wether Lewis and William Clark
and their hardy companions.
| How they became the first to
1 cross the land that is now the
‘ United States is the theme of
| festivities from North Dakota to
1 the sea.
Lewis and Clark were both
■ Virginians and former Army of
■ fleers, with experience in deal-
I ing with Indians. Lewis had
I been private secretary and close
l friend to Jefferson. The Presi
! dent wanted a route across
i Spanish Louisiana and up
• toward the Columbia River re
gion, then claimed by both the
United States and England. The
• expedition’s instructions were to
1 follow the Missouri River, study
’ ing the Ifidians, the plant and
1 animal life, mineral resources,
; prospects for trade.
Louisiana Acquired
By the time the 29-man party
had finished its first winter on
the Mississippi across from St.
Louis, Suain had transferred
Louisiana to France and the
United States was closing a
• man’s study of his own environ
. ment and part of truth."
t Pope Pius XII loses no occa
• sion to strengthen the link be
tween science and religion. Dur
■jing the past few years he has
I delivered a half dozen addresses
i to audiences of scientists.
,’! Pope Praises Science
The Pontiff, in these talks, has
1 invariably praised the mission
and contributions of science.
! And he has stressed the need for
• scientists to be in contact with
; religion and to influenced by it.
> Scientists, meanwhile, are ex
! pressing growing agreement with
religious beliefs.
AtAhe end of June a University
' of Pennsylvania physiologist told.
• a medical convention in Toronto
that scientists now admit the
': possibility of biblical miracles,
.'such as Christ raising the dead
i and Moses parting the waters of
the Red Sea.
j Dr. John R. Brobeck. professor
; of physiology at the university’s
medical school, said that “science
,!is changing” and one result is
;that a scientist is no longer able 1
to say honestly that something is
ii impossible.
He told the doctors the one ;
factor that can account for'
miracles related in the Bible is
a source of energy unknown to
ijthe scientific system. “In the
i Bible,” he said, "it is known as i
' the word of God." ||
deal for It with Napoleon. So,
when the expedition headed up
the Missouri on May 14, 1804,
it was exploring for the first
time American territory that
stretched to the Rockies.
Traders had been up the Mis
souri before, but by the time
the party had wintered again
at Fort Mandan, near the pres
ent site of Bismarck, N. Dak.,
it was ready to head into lands
unknown to white men. On
April 7, 1805, the westward push
started again.
Months of hardship, hunger
and fatigue followed. Lewis,
writing of exhaustion of the
men, said at one point: “Their
labor is excessively great.”
Finally, seven months after
leaving Mandan, the party on
November 7 sighted “this great
Pacific Ocean, which we have
been so long anxious to see.”
Soon, on the south bank of the
Columbia, they built Fort Clat
sop, central point of this 150th
anniversary celebration.
The 1955 party of Explorer
Scouts, which started early in
July, has been moving in relays
along the trail. If all goes well
on the afternoon of Sunday,
• August 21, the final group of 32
i scouts, in four canoes, will sweep
past this city in sight of the
ocean, swing south into the Lewis
and Clark River, and put into
an inlet 50 yards below the fort.
They will make their way
• across a marsh, hike up a amaii
rise and there, in a setting of
fir and hemlock, walk into a
copy of the fort, rebuilt on the
original site. This will touch off
; a week-long celebration.
Accurately Restored
Clatsop has been restored with
painstaking accuracy. An archi
tect. working largely from Lewis’
, meticulous diary, drafted detail
, ed plans. Lumberjacks, working
with calipers on specially selected
trees to duplicate the exact
, measurements, cut the logs to'
fit. Carpenters put it together
with care.
The original was burned by
Indians soon after the expedl
tion headed east again on "March
23, 1806. But the site was located
in 1948 by Louis Caywood, Na
tional Park Service archeologist,
through clues of fire {Jits,
whittled sticks and marked
stones. A salt cairn, where
buckets of sea water were evap- j
orated to provide salt, is now a |
pile of boulders within a fence in
a cleared area close to the beach.
There had been one tense
scene with the Teton Sioux early
jin the final spring, but the ex- j
pedition had faced up to the j
redmen, and after that the tribes
mostly were helpful.
From this friendliness has
come much of the legend of j
Sacajawea. an Indian maiden, j
interpreter and guide. Many of
the community celebrations have
scheduled the crowning of a
Miss Sacajawea. for she is an
important part of the Lewis and
Clark story.
She was married, and was
added to the party at Fort Man
dan. Because her husband,
French - Canadian Touissant
Charbonneau, was signed up as;
an interpreter, it was thought
she would be helpful with her!
own people, the Shoshones.
Whatever the extent of help
she gave directly, she was a
source of inspiration as she kept
up with the party while carrying
on her back her infant son—“a
beautiful, promising boy,” wrote
Clark—the whole route. And she
was able to assure Clark that
despite many forks, the river
did lead on into the mountains;
she helped win a warm greeting
from the Shoshones, and she al
layed the suspicions of other
tribes because, wrote Clark, “a
woman with a party of men IS
a token of peace.”
The expedition’s accomplish
‘ ments were many. The celebra
f tions point to the expedition as
! creating a great area of Indian
good will. It proved there was
; not—to Jefferson’s disappoint
’ ment—a “direct and practical
| water communication across the;
; United States” whose discovery
’ he had listed as a prime purpose
1 of the exploration. But learning
the geography of the area paved
the way for a great overland fur
trade.
Most of all, perhaps, the trek
gave such support to the claim I
of the United States to posses
sion of the Columbia River j
basin that England could not
overcome it.
Lewis was made Governor of
Louisiana and Clark superin
tendent of Indian affairs and
Governor of Missouri Territory
after their return.
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A-13