Newspaper Page Text
i @Je Jbeninfl Ste WMi fiundcry Momifio Edition WASHINGTON 4, P. C. Publish o 4 by THI EVENING STAR NEWSPAPER COMPANY WNIGGE is# IbGWTINIGBPj President . Veniamin M. McKalway, iditer MAIN OWCEt I lib St. and Pennsylvania Avs. 141 NEW VOSS: 420 Lexington Am. (17) CHICAGO: 221 N. la Sail* St. II) DETROIT: Now Canter Sending (21 SAN fIUNCISCO: Ruu Suildlna 14) LOS ANGELES 412 S. Hewer St. 114) EUROPEAN SUREAU PARIS. PRANCE: 11 Rue De lerrl Dtlivtrtd by Carrier #mning and Sunday Evening Sunday Monthly US* Monthly ... I SO* Monthly 63c Weekly 40c Weekly 30c Weekly 13c *loc additional <a> Night Final Edition Rates by Moil—Payable in Advance Anywhere in the United States Sand Sunday Evening Sunday re «... 13.00 6 months 9.00 6 months 3JO I month 2.23 1 month 2.00 1 month US Teleehonoi STerling 3-3000 , Entered at the Post Office Washington D. C„ as eecond-dass mail matter "ti Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to the use tor ••publication of all the local news printed In this newspaper as well as A. P. news dispatches. A-4 SATURDAY, AUGUST 20, 1955 ' Step in Right Direction Adoption by the District government of a one-package charity fund drive this year amounts to an official protest against the multiplicity of money-raising cam paigns here. The public generally al ready has expressed its dissatisfaction. There is a growing sentiment for an all inclusive solicitation of the “united fund" type. The District plan is a step in the right direction. Federal as well hs District govern ment officials long have been concerned over the time and effort devoted to many sorts of fund drives. A bill to authorize Federal agencies to use a payroll-deduc tion method for charity contributions failed to pass during the recent session of Congress. Such authority is considered a prerequisite to consolidation of charity drives in the Government departments. This legislation is important and should be passed at the next session. There is not much chance of a successful united fund program in Washington until all governmental agencies are in position to Join with private industry in a once-for all campaign. Elections and Korea With the full support of Peiping, the North Korean Communists have come out in favor of a Far Eastern conference that would have as its main objective the uni fication of partitioned Korea. But Secre tary of State Dulles has made clear that he takes a very dim view of their idea, and he does so for an excellent reason. The reason is this: That they apparently are as opposed as ever to holding genu inely free country-wide elections under the strict supervision of the United Nations. Last December, when the General Assembly—by a vote of 50 to 5 (the Soviet i bloc alone dissenting)—formaftt urgeQ that such elections be staged, the Cdm-2 munists countered with a proposal of their own. The proposal, turning thumbs down on the idea of having the balloting thor oughly policed by the U. N., called for supervision by a special “international commission” so rigged as to enable its Red members to veto any measures designed to prevent fraud and terrorism at the polls. Needless to say, the Assembly promptly and overwhelmingly rejected this plan as one whose adoption would doom all of Korea to being dragged in due course behind the Iron Curtain. And now, in their new call for a Far Eastern conference, the Communists have offered no sign of having retreated from their past position on this issue of holding a really free and strictly policed vote throughout the divided country. As Mr. Dulles has said, “I can’t detect, so far, any evidence that they are willing to change in that respect”—change in a manner that might “rather readily” result in re uniting Korea. Hence, the outlook for such a result continues to seem about as unpromising as ever. At any rate, there can be no disputing Mr. Dulles’ view that “so long as the North Koreans are not willing to have properly supervised na tion-wide elections, I do not see any very practical way of bringing the unification about.” In these circumstances, the United States has every reason to turn a cold shoulder to the proposal for a Far Eastern conference on Korea. Os course, if the Communists would reverse themselves and accept the U. N.’s call for truly free elections, then such a conference might be able to achieve valuable peace promoting results. As matters stand, however, it could hardly be much more than a waste of time or a propaganda slugfest. Things Are Not So Bad Things are bad, what with hurricanes, the heat, the Communists and hay fever. But they are not all bad, as witness the case of Blackie, the cocker spaniel, in nearby Edmonston, Maryland. All is not wrong with the world when men— notorious for their inhumanity to men— can devote hours of sweat and toil to the rescue from a storm sewer of a trapped dog. Blackie needed but to make his plight known to passersby to get action. Things soon began to buzz in Edmonston. Firemen, policemen, plain citizens and others tried various schemes for getting the dog out, in vain. There was only one way left—the hard way. Would the high way authorities co-bperate? They would and did, without hesitation. So men with picks and shovels and air drills went to work digging up a perfectly good street, while traffic stopped and bystanders cheered. It cost Maryland’s taxpayers SBSO to retrieve Blaekie from the sewer. But somehow the taxpayers over in Maryland seemed to feel good about it all. So did a lot of other humans who read the news accounts and saw the pictures of Operation Dig That Dog at Edmonston. Mr. Truman Sounds Well Former President Truman sounds like his old self. If there has been any reason for concern about the former President’s health or spirit he has dispelled the doubts in announcing his personal plans for the next few weeks. And not sur prisingly, his plans are predominantly political. “I’m going to tear into the Repub licans,” Mr. Truman told the Associated Press in discussing a schedule of speeches that begins in Indiana next week and ex tends to California in mid-September. It is a promise, certainly, that one may rely on, for no occupation is more to the taste of the first citizen of Kansas City, Mis souri. Neither was it unexpected to hear the former Democratic President predicting a rousing victory for his party in 1956. Mr. Truman is not inclined to suffer from lack of confidence in these matters. And, finally, it was fully in keeping with his doctrine of party loyalty that he pledged: “I’m in this fight for the duration, and behind the Democratic nominee, whoever he may be.” In short, it was the old “give-em-hell” victorious campaigner of 1948 speaking. It may be argued, of course, that Mr. Truman’s aggressive participation in the forthcoming campaign is not necessarily an unmixed blessing to his party. There were indications in 1952 that some States were voting as much against Mr. Truman as for Dwight Eisenhower. It has hap pened, too, in our political history that the intervention of “elder statesmen” is not uniformly popular within partisan circles. However that may be, Mr. Tru man has made his own plans. Obviously, he intends to be in the middle of things politically in the forthcoming months. And it will seem like old times to find him there. Prison Rioters A prison riot in Nebraska has been put down because the authorities were ready and willing to use the force neces sary to suppress it. The trouble began when the con victs demanded that Warden Joseph Bovey come to the dining room to confer with them about releasing two inmates who had been placed in solitary confine ment aftef they had refused to work. Mr. Bovey rejected the demand, saying it was time the warden told the prisoners what to do instead of letting the prisoners tell the warden what to do. More than 200 prisoners responded with a riot, in the course of which fires were set which destroyed four buildings. Three convicts, apparently unwilling to Join the riot, were badly beaten. By morning all the State police in southeast Nebraska had been brought in. Governor Victor Anderson arrived on the sra«M«nd announced that the troopers tfpre joing in with shotguns. The warden sent 1 dozen armed men into the cell block with orders to shoot any prisoner who refused to go to his cell. As it hap pened no one was shot, because the rioters gave up when the shoot-to-kill order was issued. The prospect of opening fire on riot ing prisoners is not a pretty one. But neither is the prospect—and it is more than a prospect—that the penitentiaries are going to be taken over, through vio lence, by the convicts. If the authority of the wardens is not going to be main tained, by force if necessary, we might as well stop sending criminals to prison. A Poor Time for Beards In an impromptu survey carried out at the atoms-for-peace conference in Geneva, an enterprising reporter has dis covered that many scientists wear beards only for the most frivolous reasons. Few and far between are those who do it seriously, with deliberation, in order to avoid the tedium of shaving and to save time for work in their laboratories. As for the rest, some do it just for the fun of it, or because it’s become a habit that they’re too lazy to change, or simply because their wives think they look cute that way. Actually, whiskers of all types have long since fallen upon evil days. Once upon a time they were a mark of distinc tion and sagacity, and the Bible itself has good things to say about them. Even so, opposition to them dates back to the long, long ago. In old Greece, for example, Lucian mocked them with biting satire. He put it this way: “If you think that to grow a beard is to acquire wisdom, a goat is at once a complete Plato.” And as the centuries passed, and the razor business became bigger and bigger, more and more men grew self-conscious and began to feel that they could not wear facial bushes without being regarded by the rest of the world as unhygienic eccentrics. So today what have we got? We have the most learned of our scientists and philos ophers going around clean-shaven, with lots of them wearing college-boy crew-cut heads of hair. In away, all this seems very sad. And it seems foolish, too, when one thinks of these lines from Byron: Men lor their sins Have shaving, too, entailed upon their chins, — A daily plague. Plaguey though it is, however, a man must put up with it unless he has the gumption and fiber—or a wife who prods him on to do and dare—to grow whiskers and snap his finger at a staring and smirking world ready to ridicule and con demn him as an odd one who must have rocks in the head. Alas, in a climate of this sort, how can the beard be expected ever to flourish again? Something to Remember Him By letters to The star Soft Answer I am 70 years old and ask permission to reply to the recent letter, “Storms at Men,* signed “Not Pleased,” an 50- year-old lady, who resents men naming hurricanes for women. A page has two sides, so we should read both sides of the page. The Great Designer o' the Universe created girls not only beautiful but live mag nets. to attract men and to keep the chain of life going. Consequently their magnetic attraction and angel-like beauty create storms, typhoons, hurricanes, and even volcanos in the hearts and minds of men, much more strong than “Connie” and "Diane.” Had it been otherwise, Jupiter, the great god of Olympia, would not take the form of a bull and would not lick the foot of Eu rope. And Odin, the great god of Norse, would not kiss the foot of Fria. Consequently we should be grateful to the Great Crea tor of the Universe, for the magnetic and beautiful de velopers of hurricanes in the hearts of men. and should ad mit that giving girls’ names to the natural hurricanes is not wrong but very deserving. J H. Touty. ' Reassured ' by Wolf son You have no idea how re assuring it is to learn from William Hines’ story that Mr. Wolfson considers it his "civic duty” to sell for sls a share the stock which has recently been purchased by his family for $lO a share. It is such selfless Interest and civic responsibility that prove a real inspiration to work-a-day Washingtonians. Albert Yeatman. The Constitution Secretary of Commerce Weeks has made the same error in interpreting the Constitution that was made by Presidents Truman and Roosevelt. It is an error born from a desire for autocracy or dictatorship; a desire to raise to equality a subordinated division of Gov ernment—subordinated by the Intention and writing of those wise, wise men who wrote the Constitution. The fallacy common to Messrs. Weeks, Truman and Roosevelt is the stating that the three branches of Govern ment, judicial, executive and legislative, have equal powers under the Constitution. Were this fallacy a truism, there could be created within the United States a complete stalemate, a complete impos sibility of government, and with such a stalemate the Chief Executive would natu rally emerge as a dictator. Our so-wise forefathers were not mouse-trapped into per mitting such an outcome. It must be recalled that through out the Constitutional Con vention, it was the aim of those who fought the War of the Revolution to escape from dictatorship, that not dictator ship could be established in the United States. Throughout the convention the aim was to curb the power of the Chief Executive. To safeguard from dictator ship, they established: (1) A Judiciary, appointed by the Chief Executive, re quiring the approval of the legislative branch. The judi ciary was given no power of approval or disapproval or re moval of those elected to Fed eral office. (2) A Chief Executive elect ed by the people with much power, but without the right to remove members of Con gress or the Supreme Court. (3) A Congress elected by the people and in whose hands were placed the power to re move members of the Supreme Court and the Chief Execu tive himself. In the event of a stalemate between the three branches of Government, the solution was placed in Congress by giv ing it the right to remove those who would obstruct or dictate. And so those wise men of 1787 safeguard this country from dictatorship. Douglas Lawton. Pen names may be used if letters carry writer s' correct names and addresses. AU letters are subject to conden ration, Montgomery's Millionr President Eisenhower's sign ing of H.R. 7245 marks the successful conclusion of a widespread community effort to restore Montgomery Coun ty’s “missing million dollars.” It began with the discovery by the Education Committee of the Allied Civic Group early last February of an HEW ruling depriving the county of this large sum of money. The Allied Civic Group was then joined by many organi zations in impressing the county’s representatives in Congress and congressional committees considering this legislation with the merits of the case. These included the Montgomery County Council and Board of Education, the Silver Spring Board of Trade, the Montgomery County Civic Federation, the County Coun cil of PTAs, and many other groups. Senators Butler and Beall and Representative Hyde re sponded promptly and effec-’ tively to initial inquiries. Each subsequently introduced a bill to rectify the situation, and continued to follow closely the progress of the legislation. Special credit should go to Senator Butler and his staff for their careful analysis of various proposed bills, which had an Important influence on the language Anally adopted. Through these combined ef forts, Montgomery County and 26 other communities will re ceive almost $6 million for school construction for which they had been qualified. The $1,193,000 restored to Mont gomery County will help ma terially in keeping down the county's debt. It will further help to compensate for the provision of essential commu nity services required as a re sult of Federal activities from which—in contrast to private business enterprises—no tax revenues are received. More Important from the national point of view, the amended law clearly recog nizes the importance of pre serving local initiative in school building programs. No longer will school boards throughout the country be haunted by the ghost of dead lines, when qualifying for as sistance under PL. 815. They can build vitally needed class rooms with the assurance that their communities will not be penalized for going ahead with their own programs. Clarke L. Fauver, President, Allied Civic Group, Inc. POW Rules I agree with our President and his six rules of behavior to all our armed forces when taken prisoners of war. but I do feel that the sixth para graph, “I should obey God and my country,” should have been Rule Number One in stead of Rule Number Six. May God ever bless our Pres ident. Emma N. Elliott. "St. Peter Reads Proof" "Fourscore and five," St. Peter checked him in. ", Newspaperman 7 Welcome inside the gate.” The Soul would go but St. Peter bade him wait And searched the impatient face from brow to chin. "Saint, cut some sleeves in this new robe of white. And bring my visored cap and printer’s ink! A world’s greed spawns while we sit here and think — I’ve got some editorials to write." "How much of life did your crusade engage?” "Three generations. Grand sire deemed it wise To forge no period among his dies; 'To be continued’ followed every page." The candidate saw the saint lav life’s page bare, And, instead of "Finis," place a colon there. Sarah Jackson Harvsy Fiank Horne's Case Ancient wrongs are not easily righted. Self-justifica tion on one side, frustration and resentment on the other, obstruct understanding. Frank S. Horne is a symbol of our uneven progress toward the righting of an ancient wrong. When, more than 300 years ago, a Dutch slave ship brought a cargo of Negroes to Jamestown and the English settlers bought that cargo, they did a wrong that still is not righted. With such exceptions as the Hessian soldiers in our Revolu tionary days and some of the indentured servants in our Colonial days, these slaves And the thousands who followed them have been the only im migrants to our shores who did not come of their own wllL For a time, quite a long time as young America meas ures time, they were profitable to us. Because they were profitable, we rationalized that we were benefiting them. But our conscience never has been easy. And it never be easy until their descendants share as equals in our heritage. We have come a long way since 1619, and much of that way has been very bitter. For generations our children's teeth have been set on edge because our forefathers ate that sour grape. Yet. while much of the way has been bitter, some has been glorious because of victories over our selves. We are blessed by be ing a people who support farsighted and magnanimous leaders. But our inherited task is not yet completed; the ancient wrong is not yet wholly righted. We still have much to do. In 1808 we stopped the im portation of slaves. In 1862-65 we emancipated the slaves. But we did not give them equal opportunity. Years later we decreed that in public educa tion. at least, the Negro should have equal opportunity, but it might be separate. Now the Supreme Court has found that “separate” is not equivalent to "equal.” So it has decreed that the child of Negro ancestry shall have the same education al opportunity as has the child of white ancestry. A result is that Montgomery County, one of the richest counties in the United States and immediately adjacent to the National Capi tal, is abandoning two sub standard school buildings that had been assigned to Negro children. We recognize that freedom cannot be given, it must be won: that opportunity may be offered, but it must be used. The American Negro is win ning his freedom, he is using opportunity. Before and since emancipation, he has produced leaders who have compelled respect and admiration, spokesmen who have recruited a dedicated following. The list is too long for recitation here. But in that list is one for whom we of our generation have an especial concern. He is carrying the torch of the past to the future. He is Frank S. Horne, assistant to the Ad ministrator of the Housing and Home Finance Agency. He is a spokesman for those who be lieve that American Negroes are primarily American. Yet Frank Horne is to be dismissed because he does not belong to the political party which won the last presidential election. John Ihlder. Sabbath Laws R. King Burgoyne says in a letter that “only God can change his own laws,” with re spect to Sunday observance. Who denies that any worldly government would be sinfully presumptuous to do so? It is not God’s sabbath laws that need repealing, but those made and enforced by mere man. The sinfully presumptu ous ones were those blue-nosed pre-Revolutionary politicians who first adopted them. God’s laws were not enough, they thought; they had to make their own as welL James E. Curry. \ THE POLITICAL MILL By GOULD LINCOLN A Republican Rhubarb GREENWICH, Conn.—Dem ocrats in Connecticut are get ting considerable satisfaction out of the broadcasting of Republican factional troubles, due to a report alleged to have been made by a “survey team” sent out by the Repub lican National Committee., This report is said to have recommended a reorganiza tion of the G. O. P. setup in the State, particularly in Hartford. It also is reported to have expressed some anxiety over the situation, with the 1956 elections coming up. The Hartford Courant published the fact the report had been made—with some details. The Bridgeport Post later said that the report had recommended a new State chairman be chosen to succeed Clarence F. “Cap py” Baldwin, the incumbent. If the Republican National Committee is going into the business of telling Republicans in various States who should and who should not be State chairman—it’s looking ‘ for trouble. The fact that Republican National Chairman Leonard W. Hall has refused to make public the controversial report is not calculated to ease the situation—although Mr. Hall denied some of the reported details. Bush to Face Voters Victory in Connecticut next year is essential to the G. O. P. if the party is to retain its present strength in Congress or take over control. Senator Bush, Republican, comes up for election. So do all six of the State's members of the House. The Republicans here are not too worried, however, over the reports of ructions in the party. In the first place, Republican factions have war red for a long time. In the sec ond place, the G. O. P. did well in the 1954 elections in Connecticut. They elected five of the six members of the House, and carried all the State offices except Governor. With President Eisenhower at the head of the ticket, as the Republicans hope and believe he will' be, they should do much better in 1956. In 1952, Mr. Eisenhower carried Con necticut by 100,000 votes, and Senator Bush was elected with a 30,000 lead ovpr his Dem ocratic opponent. Senator Bush, made a target by some of the political gos sips who hope to unseat him next year, has made an excel lent record in <the upper house. The Republicans, some of them, talk about substitut ing another candidate for Sen ator Bush, but they are much in the minority. Senator Bush seems assured of renomina tion. Former Gov. John Lodge and former Representative Clare Boothe Luce are both THIS AND THAT By CHARLES f. TRACEWCLL “HYATTSVILLE. Md. “Dear Sir: “Isn’t Mr. Browning’s snail on a thorn tree or thorn bush? “That strikes me as the natural reading. “If he had been allowed another syllable, he could have said hawthorn, which would have nailed it down, but thorn is good, too. “There are numerous' va rieties. “Remember Puck of Pook’s Hill and his favorite oath, ■By oak. ash and thorn’? No doubt he was swearing by three trees rather than by two trees and one sharp pointed excrescence. ‘With oak. ash and thorn came I into England,’ says he. “Yours truly and constant readerly, • “R. E.” ** * * “CHEVY CHASE. Md. “Dear Sir: “About that ‘snail on the thorn ’ I have always un derstood that the creature’s perch refers to the hawthorn, a shrub or small tree. “My encyclopedia confides that this is valuable as a hedge plant and widely used for this purpose in Great Britain. One of its varieties is the Glastonbury thorn —so- called because supposed to have originated at the Abbey. “The hawthorn has white, rose-colored or deep crimson flowers, succeeded by a small red fruit which gives birds winter food. > “Possibly Mr. Browning’s snail was muscling in on his feathered friends’ diet—but no, ‘the morning was at spring,’ so we’ll have to try to find another explanation for his presence. “Maybe he liked looking at flowers, or maybe it just comes back to your statement that there is nothing odder than a snail. “Abandoning the snail for the nonce, please tell your friend Templeton Jones that I enjoy his references to the Washington of days-gone-by. I am a native, though it is only lately I have returned after many years’ absence. “Sincerely yours, “L 8. 8.” *a * a For no particular reason at all. the word thorn suddenly reminded Templeton Jones of the word bur, or burr, the rough or prickly envelope of a fruit. It took JoAes on a remark able journey right back through the years' to the fa mous turn of the century. Temp Jones was 9 years old, in short pants, as they called ’em then, with a white blouse above. The blouse had a drawstring, if you remember what that was, around the waist. Young Jones spent most of Ambassadors for the United States abroad! Their names are occasionally mentioned as potential nominees for the Senate. It is no secret that Mr. Lodge wanted to run for the Senate instead of for Gov ernor. His brother, Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., United States Ambassador to the United Nations, was a Senator from Massachusetts at the time. John Lodge, a member of the House, was sidetracked to the gubernatorial nomination. No Big Candidates When it comes to the gen eral election, the Democrats have no outstanding candidate to run against Senator Bush. Two names are suggested. Former Gov. Chester Bowles and Representative Thomas J. Dodd. Mr. Bowles was de feated for re-election as Gov ernor by John Lodge in 1950. It is rumored he would like to make a political comeback, if he can. Mr. Bowles, however, made enemies in a number of groups when he was Governor and it is questionable how strong he would be if he en ters the lists. Mr. Dodd is the sole Connecticut Democrat in the House. He represents the Hartford district, where the Republicans have had most of their troubles. It does not ap pear that the Democrats have much of a chance of winning the Bush seat, certainly at this writing. The most popular Democrat in the State today is Gov. Ribicoff. He defeated Mr. Lodge for Governor last year, but by a narrow margin. Mr. Lodge, like Mr. Bowles, had aroused antagonism dur ing his term as Governor. Gov. Ribicoff would probably be the strongest candidate the Demo crats could put up for Senator. He, however, has not yet served one year of a four-year term as Governor. If he ran against Senator Bush next year and was elected, the Democrats would lose a chief executive of the State. Mr. Eisenhower, according to leading politicians here, is. still exceedingly popular in Connecticut. Indeed, Gov. Ribicoff, while he was attend ing the Governors’ conference in Chicago earlier this month, expressed serious doubt that the Democrats could carry Connecticut against Mr. Eisen hower should he be the Re publican candidate. Gov. Ribicoff. who was defeated in a try for the Senate in 1952 when Mr. Eisenhower headed the Republican ticket, might not relish running against an Eisenhower-Bush ticket next year. In 1958, however, he would be serving his last year as Governor and could then make a race for Senator against Republican Senator Purtell, who comes up that year. his spare time hurling stones at black cats. Just why this future cat lover specialized on black cats is unknown at this time. The thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts, said Longfel low, a poet who is making a comeback at this time, and no wonder, because he is still, wonderful. ** * * In those days they didn’t call bad boys delinquents. They just called ’em bad. Nobody ever called Temp Jones and his friend Bob bad, because they never found out about this affair with the burrs. A girl, to a 9-year-old, is just a nuisance. So, when Temp and Bob were coming home one night, just at dusk, the appointed time for them to get in, they suddenly found themselves walking behind Mamie, she of the big, bright braid. All would have been well if both boys had not had their pockets filled with burrs. Temp Jones edged a burr from the prickly mass in his right coat pocket. He took good aim, as they walked along behind Mamie, and let 'er go. The burr landed perfectly on the soft bright braid. If Mamie felt it, she said nothing, but walked along primly. Bob threw a couple, then Temp, then his companion again. By the time Mamie came to her front door, her fine long braid was covered from top to bottom with soft prickly burrs, which clung lovingly where they had fallen. It is not known that either boy, at the time, gave a single thought to what the child and her mother have gone through. In later years, Templeton Jones, esq., wondered about it and realized that neither lad did what he did out of malice. This thought has often been of good stead to him, when he found himself criticizing some small boy of today for some thoughtless piece of mischief. Questions and Answers By THE HASKIN SERVICE A raider can art the anawer to any Question of fact by erltlng The Evening Star In formation Bureau 1500 Sye St NW.. Washington 6, D C Please tnoloae 3 anti for return oostaee Q. Do canaries molt every two years? I have been told both.—O. O. L. A. A healthy canary molts yearly, but the molt is usually "heavy one summer and light the next. If a canary loses feathers at other times of the year this may be due to faulty diet, stale or rancid seeds, parasites, or being caged in a room that is too warm.