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*• • • DAVID LAWRENCE • . . ' « When Lawmakers Go the Other Way Liberals Reported Blaming Eisenhower Because Congress Cuts Foreign Aid The so-called “liberals'’ are having no difficulty nowadays fixing the blame for the refusal of Congress to continue its “giveaways'’ to foreign countries in as large a quan tity as before. They are say ing that President Eisenhower is culpable. The line taken is that somehow the President did not browbeat Congress, that he did not exercise his leadership, or that he was sick or indifferent or something. But the truth is the sponsors of bigger programs of foreign aid are themselves largely responsible for the failure of Congress to appropriate as much as or even more money than the President requested. For the palpable propaganda to get Congress to spend more money abroad was started a few months ago by the so called "liberals” and was car ried on vigorously by then auxiliaries here and abroad, particularly by certain sections of the press and even by many members of the New York clique who have access to the President. They overplayed their hand. Members of Con gress became suspicious and resentful. The argument was widely made that America was too much concerned with "mili tary alliances.” that this was a time to "win men’s minds," that what was needed was something "imaginative" in the way of foreign policy, that the United States must not insist on extending aid to for eign countries "with strings attached,” and that the Rus sians were being successful in their policies of "competitive coexistence." Also a lot of dispatches were coincidentally sent from abroad designed to DORIS FLEESON A Happy Day for Republicans G. 0. P. Savors News of Eisenhower's Running and Democrats' Keynoter Tuesday was happy July 10 lor the Republicans. The propaganda campaign to convince President Eisen hower and the voters that his ileitis operation was no worse than a bad cold reached its planned climax in the offhand announcement by Senate Mi nority Leader Knowland that of course the President would tun again. In their morning newspapers Republicans savored the news that the Democratic conven tion keynoter would be Gov. Frank Clement of Tennessee. Clement told reporters at the recent Governors Conference that his State did not have a single desegregated school. The greatest single fear of Democrats in the coming elec tion is that the Negro vote in the pivotal States will desert them on the civil rights issue. What happened at the meeting of the Democratic arrangements committee is that the Northerners were asleep at the switch and the Southerners out-operated them. First the Southerners managed to tie the vote be tween Senators Kerr and Humphrey, both satisfactory to Adlai Stevenson. Then a compromise was demanded by the South. The Northerners are now ex plaining that they did it for unity's sake. They also argue DOROTHY THOMPSON On the Press and the Cold War N “ Shepilov Says Relations Will Improve If We Muzzle Newspapers and Radio Last week the Soviet For eign Minister. Dmitri Shepi lov. responding to questions put him by foreign correspond ents at a diplomatic reception, said he was hopeful of a real rapprochement between the USSR and the United States of America "But," he added, “an essential condition for improved relations is to muzzle the propagators of the cold war. 1 do not think you can accuse our press for a con siderable period of time of unfounded attacks on the United States, whereas the United States press and radio is still a Niagara of all sorts of lies and slanders. These irresponsible elements . . . should be muzzled. . . ." The occasion being what it was, the correspondents could not ask further questions. This is a pity. Sonic this journalist would like to pul to Shepilov 'him self a journalist, and for years editor of Pravda, during the time that it, now by his own acknowledgment, made "un founded attack-" upon the United States' are: What do you consider prop agating the cold war? Os what specific lies and slanders do you complain, and of what specific journalists? What do you consider to be the function of the United States press, and what consti tutes responsibility? Who do you uinik should muzzle it? As far as I have observed, all criticism of Soviet Ideology and Soviet actions at home anci abroad have been Inter preted as contributions to the rold war. without regard to the veracity of the reports. When ever a journalist has reported or interpreted an action or event in a manner unfavorable to the Soviets, the immediate # Action has been to scream: » prove that America was "los ing prestige.” The Congress, howe ve r, didn't fall for any of this, though there were a few speeches planted here in Con gress by the so-called "lib erals" to emphasize their arguments. Such speeches were difficult for some of the Democrats to make because then own brethren simultane ously were engaged in cutting down the President's program in an effort to put him on the spot. i As a matter of fact, if po litical theory were realistically applied, the finger of criticism wqjuld be pointed today not at President Eisenhower but at the Democratic Party which controls both houses of Con gress. I'he Democratic lead ers told the Nation in the 1954 campaign that they would co operate with the Republican President. The rank and file of the Democrats, however, have not followed their own leadership. So toaay the song is dif ferent. Now it's the President who is said to be at fault "for not leading vigorously enough." and it's the Repub licans m his own party who are being held responsible by these critics. Indeed, the Pres ident is being openly urged to split with his own parly, to call his own leaders names, to "purge” them. All this overlooks the plain fact that for nearly twenty years now no party in Con gress has been sure of a majority on important issues and no President has been able to "lead" his party in that sense. The reason is that there are four ma.ior blocs in Congress. Both parties are divided. that Clement was the first Goternor of a Southern State to veto a racial segregation bill. However. Negro leaders regard him with extreme skepticism, a feeling shared by some dis interested students of State government. That the Eisenhower an nouncement was coming in some such form as it appeared has been clear for a long time. The one and only press con ference permitted with the President's ileitis surgeons, which was held at Walter Reed Hospital almost before he was out of the ether, boomeranged. Friendly newspapers joined in the comment that this was a bit too thick and the jokes about political doctors began to multiply. At the same time it trans pired that the medical litera ture about ileitis—all written before the general public. Re publicans included, ever heaid of an ileum—contradicted the rosy optimism of the Presi dent's doctors. Its net is clear and positive. Ileitis is a chronic, debilitating, often pro gressive disease, with a high rate of recurrence. Since then, in striking con trast to the situation after the President's heart attack, the President's doctors have refused to talk to reporters. There have been no press con "Liar, warmonger, stooge of Wall Street." Yet. had responsible jour nalists in the Soviet Union heeded these reports and ex ercised the function that we here attribute to our profes sion the Soviets might have been spared the very errors that they now admit. Further more. they might have en countered fewer lies and slan ders. These flourish in the dark ness that produces rumor. Facts cannot help but be ob scured where the entire com munications of a country are in the hands of official propa gandists as Shepilov has been If. a year ago. an American correspondent, approaching Shepilov, had said, candidly. "Much of the bad relations be tween your country and mine are due to the atrocities rom mitted by Stalin." what would Shepilov have replied? He would have called the reports lies and slanders. Why? Because Stalin had him muzzled. In countries with govern ments of limited powers, a responsible press has the pri mary function to ascertain the facts, to report them accurate ly. and to draw logical con>- clusions from them The journalist is not a public relations counsellor and he Is in service to the truth. Like all other persons and professions, we are not infallible. But all journalists who are free men and worth their salt, care intensely to learn the facts and to form judgments based on them. Thomas Jefferson regarded an independent press as more essential than representative government. He well under stood the dangers inherent in government, and knew there must be .institutions outside it that government could not control, or by and by there Eisenhower's "leadership.” for example, isn't a bit more effective than was Truman's or Roosevelt's on legislative issues. Thus, Truman faced continuously a split Demo cratic Party on civil rights and on labor legislation. The Taft-Hartley Act was passed over his veto by a coalition of Democrats and Republicans. Roosevelt again and again had the same experience with such a coalition. It beat his Su preme Court bill. He tried the "purge” system—butting into party primaries—and lost in almost every instance. Yet Eisenhower is being urged to day to intervene in the Wis consin Republican primary and thus assure victory for a Democratic nominee. As leadership goes, Eisen hower is doing about as well as can be expected in deal ing with a Southern Demo cratic bloc that is against Federal aid for education, a Northern Democratic bloc that wants it, a Republican bloc of independents who vote against "giveaways'’ of all kinds and a Republican bloc of administration stal warts who go along with him on almost everything. The internationally nnnded spenders ought, how ever. to be happy with the resuits. They should consider themselves lucky to get S 4 billion out ot Congress. The other S9OO million which has been cut out of the program will go for armament. The Air Force enthusiasts will see to that. and. Incidentally, isn't it a Democratic Senator who is leading the fight for mote and more money for air power and an unbalanced budget? One wonders how a Republican President can ex ercise "leadership" over Demo crats in Congress who are aspirants for the presidency. (Reproduction Rights Reserved! ferences: no signed articles for the newspaper syndicates. In the former instance, all the immense prestige of Dr. Paul Dudley White of Boston, the heart expert, was put at the service of the thesis that the President could run again. Now. there are only thunders of silence from the White House physicians. Another reason suggests it self for the backdoor aspect of the present announcement. After his heart attack the President explained his de cision in a Nation-wide tele cast in which he candidly dis cussed his illness and frankly said there were certain things no longer possible to him as President or presidential can didate. Among them was an active campaign this fall. In another telecast to ex plain his fresh decision he would be under compulsion to discuss his own understand ing of his recent surgery, its causes and possible course. This is precisely the point at which medical literature, the authority in medicine, con tradicts the first impressions given the public and presum ably to him. Also the President presum ably would feel obliged again to say how much he could or could not do in the future. After his second illness, the public might reasonably be expected to listen to that much more carefully than before. would be nothing but govern ment. Who could muzzle our writ ers. journals, and radio? Only the Government, which also cannot because it is forbidden ; to do so by the Constitution. What Shepilov is proposing is that this constitutional pro vision should be changed, and a government he detests, in principle, should be given vast ly extended powers. This is not very clear thinking about rap prochement. If continuing the cold war means that we shall go on fighting for government of limited powers, for independ ent access to all information of public concern, for the free, inquiring, critical mind, then the cold war will continue, the alternative being unconditional surrender to totalitarians. As Khrushchev said in Lon don. "Don't ask of us the im possible. Don't ask us to abandon communism.'’ We answer likewise: Don't ask of us the impossible Don t ask us to abandon respon sibility to factual truth and freedom of thought. Reds Hit Activities Os Youth League GENEVA. Switzerland. July 11 i/Pi.—The Russian government told the outside world yesterday of "serious shortcomings'' in the activities pf the Young Commu nist 'Komsomol' League. Mrs. L. V. Dubrovina deputy education minister of the Russian Soviet Republic, reported to the International Education Confer ence here that the league—which has 18 million members—had produced "resolutions, pomp and luss" instead of contributing to the economic development ol Si beria and the Arctic steppes. The report hinted the program for developing the .vast wilderness' of Siberia with young "volun teers'' w as not goiilg accoiding to j LOUIE . —By Harry Hanan rr" " 7 r"^ * i « >t fwmi4« u Ntitwi ' \ iiiii.u, I j 5*55" prr iiHi.ik.. I 1 i ~ rr ir* ~PO TOM AC FEVER FLETCHER KNEBEL Ike announces he s running for re-election. He's got proof he's in good shape, too. He just showed that he can twist his own arm. Sc # * * * Thirty-six-ycar-old Gov. Clement bf Tennessee is the "imocratic keynoter. He 11 recall those awful days of the Herbert Hoover depression—w hen he never knew where his next pair of rompers was coming from. * * S' * Two kinds of women cry at weddings. Those who aren't married yet—and those who are. Sc Sc S' * With Ike convalescing at Gettysburg and Nixon stirring debate on his round-the-world trip, the Eisenhower-Nixon ticket has a new title: The Ileum and the Odyssey. * * ¥ * Harry Truman and Adlai Stevenson agree the Democrats will "win in a walk.” When politicians talk of walking instead oi running, look out. There's a great “moral victory” on the way. Sc S' Sc Sc An American political party finally comes of age in foreign affairs when its leaders realize that foreigners are never going to like them any better than the opposition at home does. * S' S' * Republican leaders are overjoyed Ike will run. They prefer a man of their own party in the White House—so they won't have to fight with a stranger. Reds Call Zanuck Bid For Stalin Data 'lnsult' PARIS, July 11 i/P),—Ameri can Movie Producer Darryl F. Zanuck said yesterday the Soviet Union has turned down as “in sulting” his request for infor mation and help in filming Stalin’s crimes. Mr. Zanuck is in Spain in con nection with another film. His press representative here released the text of a note received from Shop Thursday and Friday Nights to 9 ... Saturdays to 6 ... Free Parking! STORE HOURS: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday, 10 to 6; Thursday and Friday, 10 to 9 save 001/0/ DURING BIG ffliiliis °' EI wO/3/0 SUMMER SALE! V§p GEIGER COUNTERS and SCINTILLATION COUNTERS Bg • NEW GOVERNMENT lONUS PROGRAM JUST ANNOUNCED! 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The note said the Soviet Min istry of Culture found Mr. Za nuck’s “proposal about co-oper ation in making a film called 'The Secret Crimes of Joseph Stalin’ insulting.” It added: "This proposal caused in the ministry a great deal of indig nation. Please be informed that i the ministry does not intend to carry out any negotiation with i you about the question.” CONSTANTINE BROWN . Hammarskjold and Red China He Calls It Abnormal That Peiping, Declared Outlaw, Is Not in U. N. During his visit to Moscow. Dag Hammarskjold. secretary * general of the United Nations, declared emphatically that it was "abnormal” that the Chi nese Peoples' Republic was not a member of the U. N. There have been many state ments to that effect from *he Soviet leaders. Prime Minis ters Eden and Nehru. Marshal Tito. France’s Foreign Min ister Pineau and many “lib eral" groups in this country. But the statement of the U N. official is truly remark able. He represents no par ticular country and should have no other policy than that of the world organization whose charter is based pri marily on international morality. The U. N. declared Commu nist China an outlaw by an overwhelming vote in 1951. At no time since has the People's Republic purged or attempted to purge itself of that censure. Many individual countries have changed their views for the sake of political expediency in the five years that have fol- . lowed that censure. But the U. N. as an international body has not reversed itself in its denunciation of the Peiping regime as an international outlaw. Yet the head of that organization took it upon him self during his visit to Moscow to vindicate Communist China by stating that, the existing censure notwithstanding, she should be admitted to the ranks of the so-ealled "peace loving" nations. It may be that international morality is a thing of the past —like the horse and buggy or mustache cups. It may be that expediency has now become the main guidepost in interna tional affairs. However, even expediency, which we ourselves have practiced since the end of World War 11, has its limi tations—not necessarily be cause it is more than often immoral but because in the long run it does not pay divi dends. What would our people have said if the FBI. having trou ble catching up with Dillinger, had sent J. Edgar Hoover to talk things over with the gang ster and. accepting his word THE EVENING STAR, Washington, D. C. that he would behave himself, suspended prosecution efforts? The parallel is not as far fetched as it may appear. The gang headed by Mao Tse-tung. Chou En-lai and Chu Teh is guilty of even greater crimes toward the civilized world and the U. N. than was the late American public enemy No. 1. Since the condemnation of the so-called Chinese “Peo ple's Republic.” its leaders have been guilty of wanton murders and unbelievable cruelties against prisoners ' from the U. N. armies. Yet the chief of that world organ ization, whose charter is based on the highest humanitarian principles, said on July 5 in Moscow that he considers “abnormal" the fact that Communist’ China is not one of the meipbers. That our close ally, Britain, should have taken a path away from international mo rality is understandable in this day and age. The London government was prompted in its recognition of Red China less by the desire to pick up a tew hundred millions in trade than by the anxiety to keep the Commonwealth to gether. And the Indian sub continent appears to Sir An thony Eden far more impor tant in this scheme than Aus tralia. New Zealand and South Africa which share our point of view on the Peiping regime. Hence, the British Prime Min ister's concurrence with Nehru's policy of accepting Selling Investment Property We have a steady demand for rental and other investment properties. If you are interested In selling yours, our Business Property Department will be happy to serve you. H. G. SMITHY COMPANY Mortgage Representative, The Travelers Insurance Company »11 lath SttMt N.W. STerllnt 3-MM : _ Communist China into the U. N. at the earliest moment after our elections are over. What is surprising is that some prominent persons and groups in this country should espouse the Peiping cause. We have suffered at the hands of the Chinese Communists far more than the rest of our associates in the war in Korea. As a result of the summit meeting, we have begun dip lomatic discussion with the Chinese Communists for the sole purpose <so the official version says* of freeing the remainder of our prisoners still kept in dungeons in China. The conversations be tween Ambassador Johnson and Red China’s Wang have gone on for nearly a year. And even these talks, intended to bring the Chinese Commu nists within the international law< on the matter of prison ers of wai, have proved their bad faith. They liberated some but kept the rest with the intention of blackmailing Sec retary Dulles into meeting formally with Chou En-lai. Such high-level talks would further raise the prestige of the Peiping regime and help open the doors to Red China's admission to the U. N. Despite the crimes of the Chinese Communists against their people and ours. Dulles is frequently criticized in inner circles of the administration for lus "stubbornness.” It ap pears that an epidemic of ex pediency in the remaining free countries has contaminated some df our own political thinkers. A-25