Evening star. [volume], August 20, 1958, Page A-21, Image 21

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
DOROTHY THOMPSON
In Which She Bids Farewell—to Relied on the Meaning of Things She Has Seen
With this article and 1U con
tinuation (on Friday) “On the
Record" will cease publication.
This column has set an endur
ance record of continuous com
ment on major public affairs sur
passed only by its coUeacues. Da
vid Lawrence and Walter Llpp
mann and Mr. Lippmann has
suspended regular newspaper con
tributions on numerous occasions
for work which he considered less
ephemeral.
During one third of my whole
life—over 21 years—"On the Rec
ord" has appeared three times a
week, and, for the last 17 years,
50 weeks annually. For almost as
long a time, I have contributed a
monthly essay to the Ladles’ Home
Journal.
The original appearances of
DAVID LAWRENCE
Popular Opposition to High Court
Lincoln, Jefferson Quoted in Argument
Against Decision on Little Rock Delay
Abraham Lincoln and
Thomas Jefferson said the
exact opposite of what the
six judges of the United
States Circuit Court of Ap
peals in St. Louis declared
this week in implying that
“popular opposition” to Su
preme Court rulings could be
made the basis for court
injections. In effect, this
would end free speech and
free assembly once a Federal
eourt order was put into ef
fect on an issue in public
controversy.
Abraham Lincoln said 100
years ago with reference to
the Dred Scott decision
handed down by the Supreme
Court of the United States:
“If this important decision
... had been before the court
more than once, and had
there been affirmed and re
affirmed through a course of
years, it then might be, per
haps would be, factious, nay,
even revolutionary, not to
acquiesce in it as a precedent.
"But when, as is true, we
find it wanting in all these
claims to the public confi
dence, it is not resistance, it
is not factious, it is not even
disrespectful, to treat it as
not having yet quite estab
lished a settled doctrine for
the country.”
In his first inaugural ad
dress President Lincoln said:
“The candid citizen must
confess that if the policy of
the Government, upon vital
questions affecting the whole
people, is to be irrevocably
fixed by decisions of the Su
preme Court the instant they
WILLIAM S. WHITE
Swan-Song Days for Six Senators
Four Republicans Head for Retirement,
But Two Others Eye New Fields
These last days of summer
and of Congress to some are
days also of poignant fare
well to public life.
Os the six Republican Sen
ators who are voluntarily re
tiring. two are leaving one
political place in hopes of
entering other places at other
times. These two are Sena
tors William F. Knowland of
California and William E.
Jenner of Indiana. Senator
Knowland, of course, is run
ning for Governor of Cali
fornia. And Senator Jenner is
widely supposed to have his
eyes turned, if distantly,
upon the Indiana Statehouse.
Another, Senator Irving M.
Ives of New York, has long
and valiantly fought illness.
He will now fight his battle
freed from the heavy pres
sures of official Washington.
His platform will be a simple
one: To recapture, not office,
but rather health.
But to the three others of
these six Senators, their
good-bys to the Senate have
a special finality. For over
these three—Alexander Smith
of New Jersey, Ralph E.
Flanders of Vermont and Ed
ward Martin of Pennsylvania
—age has won an Inevitable
and irreversible victory.
And in the simultaneous
retirement of Senator Smith
in his 78th year. Senator
Flanders in his 78th and
Senator Martin in his 79th
there is a curious vindication
of the law of averages. For
the three wings of the Re
publican Party are repre
sented with faithful precision
by these three old gentlemen
now walking together toward
the nearing end of the road.
Senator Smith is a member
of the centrist party faction,
which maintains ties alike
with Old Guard Republican
ism and the so-called "mod
ern’' Republicanism of the
Eisenhower administration.
Senator Flanders is over on
the Republican left—a liberal
or “modern" Republican all
the way.
Senator Martin is over on
the Republican right—an Old
Guard Republican all the
way.
Thus, time's attrition has
hit the party with mathe
matical. Impersonal fairness,
in striking down one member
of each of its three wings.
There is no exactly rep
resentative figure as among
these articles were preoeded by
IS years of journalistic activity
as a foreign correspondent for
newspapers, or as reporter and
Interpreter of foreign and domes
tic affairs for magasines.
• • • •
Allowing for natural handicaps
—my intelligence and knowledge,
despite intense Industry which I
can justly claim, are limited, and
my memory faulty—demerits at
tending any such production to
exact and persistent datelines are
Inherent.
The newspaper commentator is
confronted by a medley of head
lines and by often contradictory
reports, also faulty because written
hastily to catch an edition. In
are made, in ordinary litiga
tion between parties in per
sonal actions, the people will
have ceased to be their own
rulers, having to that extent
practically resigned their
Government into the hands
of that eminent tribunal.”
Thomas Jefferson wrote in
1820 that “to consider the
judges as the ultimata arbi
ters of all constitutional
questions is a very dangerous
doctrine indeed, and one
which would place us under
the despotism of an oli
garchy.”
These quotations become
more than ever pertinent now
because the Circuit Court of
Appeals in St. Louis held this
week that "popular opposi
tion” in the community was
primarily responsible for the
belligerent attitude of the
students at Central High
School in Little Rock who
protested, sometimes with
acts of violence inside the
school, against “integration”
in the classrooms.
The Circuit Court judges
went further when they criti
cized the school board at
Little Rock for not seeking
injunctive relief "against
those who opposed by unlaw
ful acts the lawful integra
gration plan.” The Circuit
Court cited with disapproval
the passage of new laws by
the State Legislature—subse
quent to the Supreme Court
decision of 1954—which were
designed to circumvent that
ruling through, for instance,
a pupil-assignment plan. The
inference is clear that public
the three. But, if only be
cause he has been in the mid
dle so long, Senator Smith
could be said to be most
nearly representative of this
little group of time-retired
men.
His sentiments as he looks
upon the Senate, a forum and
a club almost unbelievably
loved by its old members, are
the moderate sentiments of a
moderate man.
‘‘How do I feel as I get
ready to leave here?” he re
peats a friend’s question.
"How do you suppose? lam
sad. And all this I shall miss
always. But it is better this
way, isn't it, than to stay on
here and slowly to deterio
rate? I am seeing my 78th
year approach, and I have
learned what all of us must
learn.”
This thing which all of us
must learn Senator Smith
does not bother to detail. He
simply waves a thin and aged
hand. And one can see thq
years marching through these
Senate lounges and remem-
DAILY
at wm
P.M.
toROMEvuFRAHKFURT
horn Now York. Round Trip Economy Fore ONLY •59l ,c
. « » 4 nonstop flights Now York
<,*** to Paris, Brussels, Dussoldorf, Shannon
\ [ WMtll IFFICIENCV AND SERVICE All TRADITIONAL
• Ik SEE YOUR TRAVEL AGENT or
LUFTHANSA GERMAN AIRLINES,
1J1! K St. N.W . Woikmeie*
DlMrfct 7 SRtt
musingly. also, he (or she) is
under the influence of organised
propaganda, official and unofficial,
candid or oftener veiled, con
sciously designed to form his
opinion and through him the
opinion of others, and emanating
from literally innumerable sources,
within the Nation and outside it.
** * *
When I became a young foreign
correspondent for the Philadelphia
Public Ledger, and later when is
sued by the same publisher, for the
New York Evening Post as well. I
received but one instruction: Get
the news accurately, if possible get
it first, don't let your likes or dis
likes obscure facts, and remember
the laws of libel and slander.
As a reporter and columnist I
opposition to the reversal in
1964 of a Supreme Court rul
ing—which had been
“affirmed and reaffirmed” for
56 years—comes under the
heading now of "unlawful
acts.” This very point was
dealt with by Judge Lemley
of the United States District
Court, who earlier this sum
mer ordered the postpone
ment of “integration” in the
Little Rock schools for two
and-a-half years. He said in
his formal opinion:
"Relative to interference
from outside the school, the
plaintiffs urge that the
(school) board should have
either instituted criminal
prosecutions against the per
sons responsible, or that it
should have applied for in
junctive relief, as was done
in the Hoxie (Ark.) and
Clinton (Tenn.) cases. In an
swer to that argument, Mr.
Blossom (school superin
tendent) testified, and he was
corroborated by Mr. Upton
I head of the school board)
that the board had deter
mined as a matter of judg
ment not to resort to criminal
prosecutions or to seek in
junctive relief: that it was
not the function of the board
to prosecute people or to seek
injunctions but to run a
school system, and that it had
already had all of the litiga
tion that it wanted and was
not anxious for any more.
“We think that the board
acted within its competency
in coming to that conclusion,
and we do not think that its
failure to commence criminal
actions or to seek injunctive
relief should militate against
its present petition.
“In ths first place, the
ber those great old men who
have stayed there sometimes
too long and too They
lived at last only upon the
memories of past powers—
patriarchs holding vast re
spect to the end, but patri
archs carrying—only in hon
orable Intention, and not in
true effectiveness —the brutal
burdens of these times.
But precisely because he is
indeed moderate —and per
haps even a little fussy in be
lieving that not every politi
cal question or turn in the
circumstances of life must
have a desperate and im
mediate answer Senator
Smith, the middle man. now
turns easily from past to fu
ture.
Not for him simply a re
turn to Princeton to await
death in a shuttered old
man’s library before the sink
ing fire. No; he will go on
to another and a welcomed
task. His hope is to help bring
together, perhaps as a presi
dential adviser or inter
mediary, the extremes on
what he sees as the greatest
issue of our era.
This is the racial issue. For
this, Senator Bmlth, the mid-
DOROTHY THOMPSON
have tried to heed that advice.
Yet I long ago realized that no
board is not charged with
the duty of commencing
criminal prosecutions or of
enforcing the criminal laws
of the State. Secondly, by
reason of the nature, source
and extent of the opposition
to integration in Little Rock,
actions by the board looking
toward criminal prosecutions
or injunctions might hive
aggravated rather than eased
the situation.
"Moreover, the board might
have had a good deal of
difficulty in identifying the
persons causing the trouble
or in establishing that their
conduct constituted crimes or
was of such quality as would
justify the granting of in
junctive relief.”
But if most of the people
in Arkansas who are against
“integration” were Com
munists, they could be cer
tain of escape from prosecu
tion. For the Supreme Court
of the United States, in the
famous Watkins case, last
year laid down the rule that
it’s all right in public meet
ings openly to preach ex
treme doctrines—even the
forcible overthrow of the
Government of the United
States—and that there should
be no conviction unless it can
be conclusively proved that
the speech directly incited or
instigated an unlawful act.
The Supreme Court based its
ruling on the constitutional
guaranties of free speech and
freedom of assembly. Con
sequently, the people of
Arkansas have the same right
to preach "resistance"—by
lawful means such as public
meetings—against the "de
segregation" decisions of the
Supreme Court, and it will
have to be proved in each
incident that speech in Itself
or acts of the State Legisla
ture in passing new laws to
obstruct "integration” consti
tute in themselves a direct
incitement to “unlawful acts.”
(Reproduction Rifhtt Reserred).
dle man. believes not in more
laws and more force. He be
lieves in patience and persua
sion. It may be that his head
is wrong in this—for he is a
man who shrinks from ulti
mate force of any kind. But
it would not be easy, know
ing him, to think his heart
to be wrong.
Neon Lights Put
In Cheops Tomb
CAIRO, Aug. 20 (AP).—Neon
lights have been Installed in
side Cheops. This is the largest
of the pyramids and the one
tourists enter to view the burial
chambers of ancient Egyptian
royalty.
Heretofore visitors had to
grope by candlelight behind
their guides.
'meet m» at
Tha Mayflower”
1 J t
Dance
and
Dine
Dine in continental ele
gonce . . . where the cui
sine is renowned for its
internotionol flavor.
Dance to Johnny Show
ond his Sidney Music, 9
'til 1 Mondays through
Saturdays. Meet where
society meets ... at the
Mayflower!
n lictd
Moom
es The Mayflower
CMacfctf tut l Dibits S
w Mt hr fcurvrtws a i m
matter how one strives for objec
tivity no one can fall out of his
own skin. The very facts one
selects as of eminent importance
are choices and, like all choices,
personal.
And facts are only part of truth.
The headlines of an epoch, the
factual record of events, are not
identical with the biography of
that epoch.
Insight results from perception
—the evidence of one’s eyes—
sense (“making sense") results
from sensibility, which is not the
same thing as ratiocination, de
void of the evidence of the senses
themselves; discernment of truth
requires intuition, the bringing to
bear of unconscious knowledge as
well as intellect. To record truly
the story of one s times requires
DORIS FLICSON
Rockefeller's Campaign Talents
Republicans Balance Known Assets
Against His Unknown Political Quality
Nelson Rockefeller’s cam
paigning abilities or lack of
them are one of the surprises
fate has in store for the Re
publicans who are about to
nominate him to run against
Gov. Averell Harriman of
New York.
They admit it but chalk up
such Rockefeller assets as his
youthful vigor, his unlimited
resources to buy the best that
Madison Avenue can offer,
his good-citizen ties to all
manner of church and com
munity improvement groups
and his powerful and varied
business connections.
G. O. P. managers hope
fully suggest that all this
makes up for Mr. Rocke
fellers political inexperience.
They add what is incon
testably true, that Gov. Har
riman does not “send” his
audiences, either.
A leading Republican who
for many months has pre
dicted Mr. Rockefeller’s nom
ination says the party's can
didate for Senator will be
chosen in party conferences
this week end. The nominat
ing convention opens Mon
day.
This leader’s view is that
Leonard Hall, former G.O.P.
national chairman who
bowed out to leave Mr.
Rockefeller a clear field, has
first call on the Senate
place. He anticipates pres
sures on Representative Ken
neth Keating of Rochester to
run if Mr. Hall refuses.
Both Mr. Hall and Mr.
Keating disclaim interest in
the Senate. Mr. Hall has
said: “I’ve had 18 years in
Washington, and that's
enough.” Mr. Keating, who
has worked his way to the
top G. O. P. ranks of the
House, is reluctant to risk
all that he has gained, espe
cially in a year widely be
lieved to be Democratic.
Republicans plan to stress
xj Store lioura: daily 10 a.in. to (» p.m.
V 7 Corners evening gliupping J
5 Monday. Thursday and Friday until 9:50 p.m. 9
I il.c
e . 3
C Specially Priced ' #
£ Oxford Cloth Shirts j
for Yotlng Men V
h Our regular 5.00 oxford cloth shirt J
C has been reduced to 3.95 for a limited J
? time. An opportunity to fill in your ?
shirt selection before returning to 1
y the campus. X
(« Button down collar, barrel cuff, hack y
l button on collar. J
f wu te or blue Ijl
P 3.95 J
5 Shop for Young Men, Second Floor;
p Spring Valley and 7 Corners s\
Julius Garlinckkl &Co *
4 F Street at Fourteenth NAtional 8-7730 ft
r Massachusetts Avenue at EMerson 2-2255 J
youth in their campaign
against Gov. Harriman, who
will be 67 in November.
Should Mr. Hall and Mr.
Keating remain adamant,
some fancy reshuffling of the
State ticket to complete its
new look is entirely possible.
On the Democratic side,
the age factor is responsible
for current speculation about
the Senate nomination. Lt.
Gov. George De Luca is 69,
and most of the principal
aspirants for Senator—
Thomas K. Finletter. James
A. Farley, Thomas E. Mur
ray and the rather younger
New York District Attorney
Frank Hogan—all have been
around a long time.
It is now suggested that
Gov. Harriman is moving to
replace Mr. De Luca with
someone who could reason
ably be touted as a vigorous
crown prince. This is the
more reasonable as Gov.
Harriman intends to reach
again for the presidential
nomination in 1960.
Replacement of Mr. De
Luca, it is argued, would
give the Oovemor a freer
hand to pick and choose
among the senatorial rivals
whose relative positions have
changed little in recent days.
It is still Gov. Harri
man’s choice, and he is under
heavy pressure to make it
soon.
A search for clues to Mr.
k SPECIAL _ i
| ROAST BEEF $4 f
. 7 Choice Hot, Juicy I V
f Steamship Round, I I
I carved to order. §
I Natural Juice Gravy ■ I
I Mashed Potatoes ® M
% Poppy Seed Roll m
THE EVENING STAR. Washington, D. C.
WtPMtSPAT, APOQST a, ISSS •
wide experience of them. But lt
also requires constant re-evalua
tion, necessitating contemplation
and meditation, the more so when
the writer introduces the element
of his own will.
Aristotle defined politics as “the
art of discerning what is good for
mankind.” To attempt to discern
and advocate that good is an act
of great responsibility, not to be
undertaken off the cuff, or in re
sponse to whatever may be the
dominant mood of the day. Both
speed and the pressure of clamor
ous public moods militate against
reflection.
• • • •
As one grows older one feels
that responsibility f more keenly,
Rockefeller as a campaigner
turned up one source—an
upstate Democrat who was
dispatched to answer him at
an obscure way station to
which Republicans sent Mr.
Rockefeller to speak for the
Eisenhower-Nixon ticket in
1956.
This Democrat’s report is
charitable.
“I led off with some stand
ard-brand comments about
the general depravity of
Republicans,” he said. “Then
Rockefeller, as would be nat
ural with a novice, began to
read a powerful indictment
which was carefully written
Tender Braised
Beef Cubes in Gravy
Topped with Small Pearl Onions
Creamy Whipped Potato
Buttered Mixed Garden Vegetables
Assarted Rolls and Butter
. Z S1 -351
MouußDjo«nfonf
"LANDMARK FOR HUNGRY AMERICANS"
1
-I- CARLTONS
I final
■ clearance
THURSDAY—FRIDAY—SATURDAY
ENTIRE STOCK OF SUMMER SUITS
120% to 50%
1 ° ff
Wonderful suits all from our regular stock
, . . Corlton's never purchoses for sale pur-
I™ poses. Choose from docron ond cotton washes,
docron ond wool, mohairs and silks.
FAMOUS MAKES INCLUDED
Sixes 16 to 48 Regular, 16 to 44 Short
38 to 46 Long, 39 to 46 Extra Long
ESTIRE STOCK OF FAMOUS
“RUM SON” SQ/:.85
SPORT JACKETS DO
' SPECIAL GROUP
“Carlton Tailored'
FALL SUITS
25*
ALSO DRASTICALLY REDUCED UP TO 50 %
• Sport Skirts • Cotton Robot
• Slocks • Bermuda Shorts
• Bathing Wear a Summer Sport Jackets
All Suit! Final
So Returns So Exchanges
CARLTON’S
In the Ring Bldg.
Corner Connecticut Ave. and M St. N.W.
Shop Thursday Mte 'Til 8 P.M.
Park Free at Marsh Corage, 19th and M St*.
one is less impulsive, thinks longer
thoughts, seeks larger perspectives.
It is in search of these that I have
resolved to discontinue this
column.
I have had wide experience of
a century unique among all its
predecessors in the velocity of so
cial, political and economic
change. During my whole life I
have been observing, recording
and interpreting this century and
doing nothing else whatsoever.
Even ray personal and domestic
life has been inextricably involved
in lt. But I have never had “time”
properly to “digest” the experience.
I now want to do so.
(Te be Continued in Friday’s
Column.)
out but apparently not by
him. Anyway, he suddenly
found himself attacking his
opponent for attacking
Nixon whom I had entirely
failed to mention. He was
very much embarrassed when
this dawned on him and
apologized to me in the most
gentlemanly way.
"Neither of us won or lost
a vote and the coffee was
excellent.”
AEC Plans Reactor
For Lynchburg Plant
The Atomic Energy Commis
sion announced yesterday lt
proposes to issue a construction
permit to Babcock & Wilcox
Co. for a research reactor at
the company’s plant near
Lynchburg, Va.
A-21