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|tl)£ lotting Jfaf W t»h Suwdoy Morn inf Id it ion Publiihtd by THI EVENING STAR NIWSPAMR COMPANY WASHINGTON 4, D. C. Samuil H. KauHmann President Benjamin M. McKelway Editor MAIN OFFICE: lift* St. and Eenniylvanla Ave. (4) NEW YORK 142 Medium A«a. (17) CHICAGO: 22) N. la Sail* St. (I) DETROIT: New Can tar lulldlng (2) SAN FRANCISCO: Run lulldlng (4) (OS ANOEIES: 3242 Wait Ith St. (5) EUROPEAN SUREAU— PARIS, FRANCE: 21 Rug Da lartl Delivered by Carrier Evening and Sunday Sunday Evening Monthly If 3 Par Itiua „ .20 Monthly 1.30 Weakly 43 Weakly 30 Night Final and Sunday 200 Night Final Only .......1.40 Rates by Mail—Payable in Advance Anywhere in the United Stakes Evening end Sunday Sunday Evening 1 year .... 2100 1 year .... 12.00 1 year 1100 4 months.. 14 30 4 month* 4SO 4 month* 923 3 months .... 7.30 3 months 3.30 3 months.... 473 1 month 2.40 1 month 1.30 1 month ..... 200 Telephone: Sterling 3-3000 Entered at the Poit Olftce, Washington, D. C, as second class mail matter Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to the use far re,nub.cotton at o' I the local news printed In this newspaper as well as A. P. news dispatches. A-4 SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1958 'Fragile Barrier ' Although the Initial headlines were concentrated on what he had to say about the crisis in the Formosa area, Secretary Dulles, In his address to the United Nations the other day, touched upon all the major issues that continue to bedevil the world. These cover a wide range. They Include the still explosive situation in the Middle East and! the dangerously unchecked arma ments race. They also include ques tions bearing upon the threat of recur rent aggression and the desirability of creating a special stan<f-by U. N. “peace force" to cope with that threat. Mr. Dulles has tied in all these problems with the yearning of human beings everywhere, especially in under developed lands, for an improvement in their well-being—their health, their housing, their education, their living standards in general. As he has put it, “The major obstacle to maximum eco nomic development is the ever-present danger of direct or indirect aggression and the cost of armament and of collective security. Whenever there is an outburst of mili tary activity, as now in the Taiwan Straits, that is a setback” both to peace and to mankind’s material betterment. So the Secretary has emphasized to the world that the United States—which takes no pleasure whatever in spending huge sums of money on arms—is deter mined to do everything within reason to promote agreements of a sort that would enable all nations to. devote the great bulk of their financial outlays to the constructive ends of economic ad vancement. In that'respect Mr. Dulles has been at pains to affirm that our country is prepared to make new and far-reaching commitments to speed up International developmental programs. But at the same time, observing that the U. N. exists chiefly to maintain peace and work for human betterment, he has warned the Assembly as follows: We need to see more clearly that progress In raising living standards and in extending freedoms around the world is being held back because of aggressions engineered to advance the expansionist urges of certain countries. The treasures and energies of the nations are largely being directed into a tragic and vain search for armed security in a world in which aggression is not yet effectively outlawed. Every aggression is not only a threat to the fragile barrier that stands between us and general nuclear war, but also another setback for the aspirations of mankind. Finally, having said this, Mr. Dulles has asked the Assembly: “May we not hope that if the minds and efforts of governments concentrate more fully upon the welfare of their own peoples and creative tasks of universal import, the issues that divide the world may fade away and the cold war become a thing of the past?” The answer can at best be only speculative right now. In the last analysis, everything depends on what the furtive Soviet empire really has in mind in relation to “the fragile barrier.” Honoring the Poles Governor Almond has dispelled any fears that the State government of Vir ginia is likely to be “too hospitable” to a satellite nation of Communist Russia, namely, Poland. Invited by the Polish Ambassador to the United States and by the Jamestown Foundation, host for the program, to ceremonies commem orating arrival in America of the first Polish settlers in the early 1600 s, the Governor has declined —after receiving protests against any such fraternization. As a consequence, the ceremony sched uled for this week end has been can celled, although % second one, arranged independently by the Polish-American Congress for a week hence, is due to go on as planned. Perhaps the Governor’s decision will please those who protested. But there are other ways to look at it. There are few people whose home land more often has been a battleground for invasion, or who have suffered more from foreign tyranny, than have the Poles. For more than three centuries, America has been a land of sanctuary and of opportunity for Polish emigrants —as it has been for many peoples seek ing freedom. In the days when the American colonies (including, of course, Virginia) were fighting for their independence, there were Polish-Americans in our military ranks. And from Poland itself came volunteers to "our cause, profes sional soldiers of daring and distinction. It was General Washington who ac cepted their and under whom such freedom fighters as Thaddeus Kosciusko became a major general In the American revolutionary armies amd Caslmir Pulaski became a brigadier gen eral and chief of cavalry—later to die on a Southern battlefield of that war. Their honored position in our history is a secure one. So there is no question about the retroactive respect which should be ac corded the first little band of Polish settlers in Jamestown, Virginia, and to the millions of Polish-Americans spread over our country today. These are not disciples of any foreign Ideology. And their kinfolk in Poland are more nearly . political captives than satellites of Com munist Russia. Presumably, Governor Almond intended no affront to the Pol ish-American colony or to its stake in the American heritage. There is still a question, however, as ta«the propriety of his personal “non-recognition” of the Polish government on such an occasion. Dr. Malik and the U. N. The United Nations General Assem bly has chosen well in electing Lebanese Foreign Minister Charles Malik as presi dent of its 13th regular session. In a narrow sense, since most of the Arab League and the Soviet bloc were lined up against him in favor of his good friend Mohammed Ahmed Mahgoub of the Sudan, his victory by a comfortable majority may be regarded as a sort of “triumph” for our side. For he has been strongly. pro-Western and pro- American in his views, including not least of all those bearing upon our coun try’s July military moves in response to Lebanon’s call for help. Yet it would be' a mistake to put too much emphasis on this aspect of Dr. Malik’s election, as if it were some thing full of extraordinary significance in the contest between East and West. Actually, he has long been a leading candidate for the post, and his elevation to it is in keeping with a kind of gen tlemen’s agreement reached last year in the Assembly. More than that, in accepting the honor, he has been at pains to stress that he intends to do everything possible not to favor one side against another. Instead, as he has put it, his objective as president will be to serve the U. N. as a whole rather than his own country or any bloc, and to that end he will strive to. promote “a spirit of forbearance and tolerance and patience and understand ing and mutual accommodation.” This is as it shoulfl be. After all, the role of the Assembly’s presiding officer is supposed to be dispassionate and beyond partisanship. The scholarly and personable Dr. Malik has made clear that he is keenly aware of that fact, and he can be counted upon to conduct himself accordingly. The entire General Assembly has reason for full confidence on that score. Endless Spiral The District budget continues its seemingly endless spiral upward—carry ing, as always, the potential threat of higher taxes to keep the required bal ance between outgo and income. Since World War II the budget has grown steadily until today it is more than 250 s per cent larger than the 1946 budget. The latest estimates, covering the fiscal year beginning next July, follow the general pattern. Although District budget officials tfimmed departmental requests by sl4 million, the final figure, slightly less than $247 million, still is 12.5 per cent higher than the current budget. Os course, the budget that eventually goes to Congress may be smaller, for the estimates must run the gantlet of a public hearing before the Commission ers and of the Federal Budget Bureau. As they stand, however, the estimates will require a Treasury loan of nearly $27 million and full payment of the authorized $32 million Federal share of District expenses. The only alternative —and one that would impose an unfair burden on District taxpayers—would be another hike in local taxes. We hope that the next Congress will recognize its obligation to appropriate all of the authorized Federal payment, especially in Yiew of the larger payrolls voted at the past session. Meanwhile, every effort should be made by the Com missioners to eliminate any nonessen tial items from the proposed budget— for experience has shown that the de partments often ask for more than they really need or expect to get. < Women Could Do the Job As a result of urgings by the Motor Vehicle Parking Agency, Police Chief Murray has agreed to assign more po licemen to the parking meter patrols on Saturdays. It may be that this reas signment of men can be carried out without materially weakening the force available for patrol of beats in critical crime But the reassignment comes at a time when felonies once more are on the increase in Washing ton and at a season when nights are longer and the opportunities for mug gings, burglaries and many other of fenses are wider. Under the circum stances, it would seem more logical to reduce the parking meter patrols and strengthen the forces on guard against major criminals. Chief Murray’s dilemma could be solved by adoption of a proposal sup ported by the Traffic and Enforcement Committee of the District of Columbia Advisory Board of the American Auto mobile Association. The committee favors the employment of women to relieve policemen of the task of check ing on overtime parkers and writing tickets for violators. The Police Chief has said that he wholeheartedly in dorses the idea. However, legislation probably would be required for such a special meter corps. The plan certainly is worth study by the District Commlt- the next session of CAgress. i - —•— ■ Tough Year for Fence-Mei\ding! LETTERS TO THE STAR Integration Views The American people have suffered loss of their rights and liberties because of usurpation of power by the Supreme Court. Public opin ion on the integration ques tion is increasing daily. The will of the people will prevail over any judicial rul ing, for the people will work their will on the Constitution and the needed amendment. One sequel will be a change in Supreme Court procedure and scope of authority, for the people are rapidly dis covering that the court is making law conducive to communism and socialism which they reject. In the process they will discover who is running the Supreme Court and the United States. The large majority of the citizens of Virginia will sup port Gov. Almond to the end for segregation and States' rights. Marshall J. Beverley, Former Mayor of Alexan dria, Va. ** * * As the songwriter put it. “It s an ill wind that blows nobody good—" Fur thermore, “every cloud has a silver lin ing.” And, from the follow ing consideration, the South ern States could take heart from the arrogance of the Supreme Court, namely: Forced by a usurper to aban don public schools and return to education by private schools, that goodly region will And itself liberated si multaneously from the domi nance of the quackery of that modem phenomenon, the col leges of education, largely headed up by Columbia Uni versity’s Teachers College and worshiping at the big toe of the superquack, John Dewey, educational (sic) phi losopher, deceased. Richard L. Feldman. ** * * Stephen Rock’s letter set forth the correct definition of the Constitution. I am confident that Mr. Rock had no intention whatsoever of agreeing with me on my views of Article I. Section 1 of the Constitution, but, nevertheless, that is exactly what he did in the end, when he said in effect that the Supreme Court is the inter preter of the law and, of course, not “the law of the land,” a title by which the highest court of the land, for some unknown reason, is known these days. As for Mr. Rock's remarks about myself and others stirring up a hornet's nest by criticizing the court's decision, I feel the Supreme Court has already gotten by with too much for too long. The sooner Congress is aroused to a point of curbing the court's power, the better for all concerned, white as well as colored. Nish Showers. ** * ♦ Perhaps a fixed “magic formula"—say 70 per cent white and 30 per cent colored (to maintain white domi nance)—in school enrollment would provide a possible solution to the desegregation impasse. Beatrice Catricala. Disorders Abroad Recent racial disorders in London and Nottingham, England, prove that Britain, which has been so critical of American attitudes toward the Negro, is faced with a serious color problem of her own. It is not a new problem (race rioting occurred in Britain back in 1919) and it certainly isn’t caused by the Teddy Boys, undesirable housing, or economic compe tition. Race flare-ups in Brit ain. as in America's northern cities, result from a natural antagonism between the two races, aggravated by the ab sence of segregation. Another factor is the high rate of Negro crime, which is making for tension on both sides of the Atlantic. Britons are (supposedly) a tolerant people, and they practice integration as well as preach it. Negroes and whites are not separated on trains or buses anywhere in England. There no segre- Pen names may be used if letters carry writers’ correct names and addresses. All letters are subject to conden sation. gation laws, no bars to inter marriage. A Negro parent in Britain may send his children to any school he chooses. There is, furthermore, a so cial mixing of the races in the lower strata of British society. It would be well for colored leaders in America to note* that th# absence of a color line has failed to promote racial harmony in Britain, or to bring about real accept ance of the Negro. Integra tion, like familiarity, breeds contempt. Elgar Smith. What U. S. Needs Education in a democratic society requires the train ing of all the children, all the people to the develop ment of the many skills re quired in our highly com plex and divergent world. Our needs, therefore, cover the skilled and the unskilled. We need a literate society that knows and believes in our struggle to achieve our democratic state, the prin ciples under which our Gov ernment operates and those of our capitalistic free enter prise, and the ability of our people to work and live in peace and amity. Above all. we need leaders to mould our democratic heritage into a working society for the people of the world to respect and emulate. The advent of the Age of Sputnik was a rude shock to Americans. We immedi ately began a crash program to catch up militarily to the Russians. Looking around Cor an explanation as to why the “inferior” Russian was able to beat us to the space age. we discovered that the Rus sians were devoting more time to science and math than our secondary schools do, hence they are training more scientists than we are. Ipso facto, our educational system must stress science and math and to that end Congress, our President and even some educators joined in the public clamor so that our lawmakers have come up with a Federal law to help our schools train more sci entists. A careful survey of our educational system would have disclosed many weak nesses—a shocking lack of able teachers, doctors, en gineers, skilled artisans. We need more schools, and above all, a better educated public and abler leaders. Education for democracy requires a better and more general edu cation than a dictatorship in terested in destruction, sub version and atheistic slavery. Germany under the Kaiser and Nazi Hitler also special ized in scientific education and its contribution was two world wars with the great est destruction of property and the slaughter and butch ery of millions. Is this the false god that we are to fol low? We need, deserve and can afford a better educational system. We must learn mote about the factors that deter mine people’s thoughts and actions—we must develop abler leaders—we must find new and better techniques to win the minds and hearts of people—we must find ways of getting the truth to all people—we must learn to live and work together in peace and brotherhood with all people. That is the •.vy ing need of the space age. It is in this facet of education that we need a crash pro gram. If America can afford to arm arid protect the free world, it can afford an edu cational system to make our country and our world a bet ter place to live in. The re cent aid to education bill fails miserably to meet the challenge of the Space Age and to provide Americans with the kind of education , for a democratic society that • we must have to survive and 1 to maintain our leadership of [ the free world, i Phelps Phelps, i Former Ambassador to the Dominican Republ^:. Whither 240? Your September 13 article, “Planners Scored on 240 Stall ing,” presented Donald E. Gingery’s position, which shows that he must have had eyes and ears closed at the public hearing held by the Maryland State Roads Com mission in Bethesda last January on proposed routes for U S. 240 into the District. The public, well and ably represented at that hearing, went on record against what Mr. Gingery wants. The proposed “Wisconsin Avenue Corridor,” if approved and engineered, will be a limited access, high speed super highway. As such it will automatically be imprac tical as a fully useful route from the Bethesda area to downtown; for if Bethesda residents wish' to use it they will have to stand in line at the few entrance roads to get on it and, irthat is the case, they might as well go into town the old way. Con sequently, it cannot serve with all efficiency the people jin the area. The original plans to bring Route 240 to Cabin John to by-pass the District and con nect with circumferential arteries in Virginia by w r ay of a bridge across the Poto mac certainly should make U. S. 240 an interstate road and qualify it for Federal funds under the Government road building program. It does not have to connect with D.C. at Western avenue to qualify for this. What Mr. Gingery wants, it seems, is for the Federal Government to pay 90 per cent of the cost for a route to carry residents from farther out in the country quickly through Bethesda into the city. This can still be ac complished more logically ’• r a route west of Bethesda, or more direct by a route east of Bethesda, through Rock Creek Park. Rush-hour traffic into and out of tow'n is no picnic now. The only solution is a fast and efficient rapid transit system, so that there will be no need for so-called “by passes” or “corridors” for at best they can only serve us well for a few years. Does their expense warrant that? Efficient mass transporta tion should be the aim for 1980. William E. Bisgood. Route to Chantilly I wish to take exception to your editorial commending proposed access route “B” to the Chantilly airport. You assume that people living in the area of Tysons Corner would relish the idea and the actuality of a clover-leaf for a freeway in their front yard! Have you ever thought that there is an electric line pos sibility to that airport? Why didn’t you suggest that a fast monorail would be the an swer, instead of abetting an other freeway to the three poor overcrowded bridges that such a freeway would further jam witti automo biles? If I were a Senator perhaps I could prevent a clover-leaf from cluttering up acres of ground in a peaceful com , munity, especially when there is Route 50 and a railroad. , both with right-of-ways al ready acquired. Route 7 Resident. 1 Nasser's Claims In Desmond Stewart’s ar ticle on Nasser in the Sunday Star, Nasser claims that he , builds two schools every three days. If Nasser’s assertion is I correct, then why are there almost 4 million Egyptian . children out of school, and ■ why is the rate of literacy only some 20 per cent? Nasser claims that he “does 1 not interfere in other coun > tries” and that he does not « intend to build an empire, i Who does he think he is i kidding? Hussein of Jordan, t Chamoun of Lebanon, Bour- I guiba of Tunisia have all [ been telling us quite a differ ent story, a tale of Egyptian subversion and ambitions for domination. L. R.^Karr. THE POLITICAL MILL * By GOULD LINCOLN Nixon Performance to Start Soon Not since the days of Mar tin Van Buren has a Vice President of the United States been elected Presi dent—a period of 122 years. In that time seven Vice Presidents have reached the White House through the death of the Presidents with whom they were elected. Three of them later were elected President in their own right Roosevelt the first, Coolldge and Truman. For the first time since Van Buren’i day an Incum bent Vice President is re garded as a front-runner for his party's presidential nom ination. Apparently the Democrats, as well as the Republicans, look upon Rich ard M. Nixon as the probable G.O.P nominee In 1960. For in the "Democratic Fact Book.” Issued by the Demo cratic National Committee for use in the present politi cal campaign, seven out of 96 pages are devoted to tearing the Vice President down. He is the man, obviously, the Democrats figure they have to defeat. Vice President Nixon, for his part, is soon to enter the present campaign in a big way. Despite efforts ot his friends to get him to soft pedal or straddle on some of the issues which confront the country today, Mr. Nixon is going into a free-swinging campaign, as he always has done in the past. Already he has engagements for major appearances in Los Angeles, San Francisco and other cities in his own State of Cal ifornia where Senator Know land, Republican leader of the Senate, is waging a desperate and uphill battle for Gov ernor. . Mr. Nixon's own political future may hang on the out come in this second most populous State of the Union. He also has engagements to speak in Indianapolis—his port of call on September 29—in Philadelphia, in Co lumbus, Ohio, and in Lincoln, Nebr. Has Strong f riends This is only a beginning, however. For his help has been requested by Repub licans in many other States. Already the Vice President has many strong friends in the Republican organization throughout the country. At present there is no other Republican on the horizon to challenge him. If Nelson A. Rockefeller should be elected Governor of New York or Senator Knowland, Governor of California, or both, the picture could change. The Senator, however, has indi cated in the past he will sup port Mr. Nixon for the presi dential nomination two years hence. In some measure, Mr. Nix on’s campaign this year—al though he is not running for any office in the November 4 election —must be*consid ered a warming-up gallop for 1960. It gives him not bnly an opportunity to solid ify his hold on the G.0.P., but also to impress the voters THIS AND THAT By CHARLES f. TRACEWBLL Temp Jones has been ex perimenting recently with royal jelly, the food of the queen bee. In recent months, a craze has arisen for this substance. It is put in cosmetics, to the dsspair of governmental agencies, and into vitamin products, to the despair of other Government agencies. People go right ahead buy ing it. Just the same, for the American people are a hope ful people, and are always willing to try anything once. Our friend Jones is the most hopeful of all. He has been hoping for years that he could find some substance that would make his hair look as it did 20 years ago. Sometimes he stands in front of his photograph and wonders at the youthful sweep of looks that once was the despair of his associates. “Your hair,” they said, jealousy, “is too long. Much too long. What do you think you are, a musician?” Somehow, in America, it is all right for men musicians to wear their hair long, but not for businessmen, writers, bus drivers, tinners, roofers, or what are you. Somehow, the old gag about long haired men and short haired women still rankles in the American mind. It is all mixed up with Freud, eggheads and con vertibles. ** * * In the old days, Temple ton Jones was slightly ashamed of his hair. He got it cut when the boys became too rough, though he hated to do it. Now, he would give any thing, almost, to have the luxuriant hair of his late 20s. He has tried vitamins, with little success. He has tried high protein foods, with even less success. Sunshine? A fraud, w'hen it comes to helping hair in any way, ex cept to make blonde women a bit‘blonder, always a good thing. Jones says. Probably no human being has tried more vitamin prod ucts than Temp Jones. He has purchased them in and out of season, which means winter. The latest idea is that Vitamins are as necessary in summer as in winter, and Jones, for one, is in full agreement here. of the entire country. He may be a formidable candidate for any Democrat to oppose when the chips are down. He Is not a "new Nixon,” aa he has sometimes been de scribed. He Is a more mature, more experienced Nixon as a result of his service In House and Senate and hia six years as Vice President. He has an opportunity to learn at first hand more about the Government of the United States and Its problems, both foreign and domestic, than any other man In the Govern ment today except the Presi dent, himself. The Picture Can Change It Is true that, as of today. Republican chances for vic tory in 1960 do not appear bright. The Democrats are confident they can elect any candidate they present for President. But much could happen in the next two years. For example, if President Eisenhower were to weather all storms and the country remain at peace, and if the country were to recover en tirely from the recession of 1957-58 and prosperity were again at a record, the pros pects of the G. O. P. would be vastly different partic ularly as the Democratic Party seems in danger of is split between the Northern, and Southern wings over ra cial issues. In the old days, a Vice. President stood in a kind of political backwash. His job was to preside over the Senate and to make a few speeches here and there. Not so with Mr. Nixon. He at tends all cabinet meetings and meetings of the National Security Council—and pre sides over them If the Presi dent is absent, as he has been on a number of occa sions. He is chairman, too, of the Committee on Govern ment Contracts, and he also attends the meetings of the . legislative leaders with the. President each week. But perhaps his greatest activity has been travel. Travel over the world on - goodwill trips for the United States, and travel throughout the Upited States, for both political and nonpolitical reasons. Frequently he has been sent on these tours as the personal representative of the President. On his goodwill tours, Mr. Nixon has visited 55 countries —circling the globe. He has visited all important island possessions of the United States. He is personally known to the heads of gov ernment and leaders in all these countries, located in all the continents. He has done a good job wherever he has , gone, even in Venezuela, where he was spat upon by Communist-led mobs. He has covered 137,764 miles in his goodwill trips abroad. In this Country, he has traveled in six years 248.670 miles. De cidedly, Mr. Nixon has seen the world, and the world has seen him. If they help at one season, they help at all seasons. ** * * Most peopTe take vitamins to make them feel better. So that was how Temple ton Jones got around to royal jelly. This substance, stolen from the hive, has been used for the last two years for human consumption, on the belief that what Is good for the queen bee is good for peo ple. too. It has blossomed in a hun dred face creams, for the ladies, and in vitamin mix tures for everybody. The joker, of course, is that what may be good for the queen bee may not be at all good for the rest of the hive —including the members of the human hive. But Temp Jones, an ex perimenter by nature, thought he would try it. Like every good American,- he has a slight unspoken contempt for the opinions of other people. If they say, “Oh, it's a fake.” Jones immediately bristles in its defense. *# * * Picture our hero, now, go ing home with his little bot tle of yellow capsules, each containing a small amount of vitamins and 5 milligrams, count ’em, of the royal jelly that makes the queen bee so potent. Jones swallowed a colorful capsule with his customary gusto and ill concealed hope. Just what he expected, he didn’t know exactly himself. Was it to fly away on the wings of song, bee fashion? Or was it to become rich overnight, buy the biggest rambler of them all, and in vite all his enemies to a gar den party? What happened was none of these. He got the worst headache he'd had in years. Did he think the royal Jelly gave it to him? "None of your business," growled he and threw a lit tle bottle of yellow capsules into the wastebasket. One thing was sure. Temp Jones was no queen bee. Questions and Answers By THE HASKIN SERVICE Q How many dollar bills are in circulation?—P. J. A As of July, 1958, the number was 1,368,000.000.^