Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, November 05, 1959, Image 5

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Evening star. [volume], November 05, 1959, Page A-5, Image 5
About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 05 Nov. 1959. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. <https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1959-11-05/ed-1/seq-5/>

Newspaper Page Text

Cole Sees Safeguards
To Bar Atom 'Cheating'
By WILLIAM HINES
■tar Science Writer
A workable set of rules to
prevsnt nations from cheating
their way to atomic-war capa
bility probably will be In effect
by next summer, according to
the head of the International
Atomic Energy Agency.
Sterling Cole, a former Re
publican Congressman from
New York, made the prediction
In an Interview today. The
IAEA director general leaves
tomorrow for his Vienna head
quarters after a brief visit
which coincided with the
Atomic Industrial Porum meet
ing here.
Admitting "disappointment
over progress made by the
agency” since its creation in
1956, Mr. Cole forecast in
creased activity and accom
plishment in the near future.
Final agreement on a “safe
guards” code will be a major
step forward, be said.
Sees Adoption in April
“Rules and specifications will
be finished next month, will be
approved by IAEA’s Board of
Governors in January and I
predict they will be adopted
by April,” Mr. Cole said. “By
next summer we will have in
effect a safeguard against di
version of atomic materials for
war purposes.”
The rules now being written
are designed to control atomic
materials acquired by non
atomic countries for power and
training reactors. When re
actors operate they transform
some of their nonllsslonable
radioactive materials into ex.
plosive elements like plutonium.
Bombs can be made of plu
tonium, and it is the purpose
of safeguard rules to keep track
of this material.
Although the big atomic
powers—the United States, the
Soviet Union, Britain, Canada
and France—would not be cov
ered by the safeguard rules,
Mr. Cole said it would help if
they would give at least token
observance.
Protests Voiced
“The nonatomic countries
feel that safeguard rules, in
cluding periodic inspection,
tend to infringe on their sov
ereignty,” Mr. Cole explained.
“They say, ‘Why should we
subject ourselves to snooping
just because we don’t have
uranium of our own?’
“I have suggested to the
atomic countries that they do
the same as the other countries
are being asked to do.
“All we want is a demon
stration; for instance, apply
the safeguard rules to Ship
pingport (the big power re
actor near Pittsburgh). The
United States is not resisting
in principle, but says such an
arrangement is impracticable
because materials sent from
Shippingport to processing
plants cannot be segregated
from other plants’ used ele
ments.”
Mr. Cole said that after
safeguards are in effect, he will
push for adoption of an inter
national code on “third-party
liability.” Along with safe
guards, this is “a must,” he
asserted.
Legal Situation Cited
Third party liability has to
do with the legal situation the
builder of a power reactor
would find himself in if the
reactor should become involved
in an accident after it had been
turned over to its owner. Amer
ican companies are loath to
build reactors for use aboard
because of the possibility that
they might later become liable
for damages, Mr. Cole said.
The IAEA director said a
panel he appointed some time
ago is now about ready to re
port on a possible code covering
third-party liability. Difficulties
in framing a code have resulted
chiefly from basic differences
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STERLING COLE
in legal systems of various
countries, he explained.
Mr. Cole envisioned establish
ment of an "international In
surance pool” of $25 to S3O
million, raised by private un
derwriters, which would Insure
against damage claims.
• Would Banish Fean
With workable codes which
would “relieve the world of
fear of atomic war from an
unexpected quarter and fear
of accidents resulting from
peaceful uses,” Mr. Cole said
he would consider his tenure
as IAEA director general a
success.
Mr. Cole is proud of his
agency’s completion of a code
on safe handling of isotopes
and the code’s subsequent gen
eral acceptance by atomic
countries.
“For the first time In history
a scientific code has been de
vised by scientists of conflicting
political views.” Mr. Cole
pointed out. “There was no
bickering, and no arguments
except honest scientific argu
ments.”
The IAEA chief even man
aged to wheedle the Russians
into attending a conference to
be held at Monaco next week
on the knotty problem of radio
active waste disposal.
“The Russians at first re
fused to attend," he said.
“They said they were not in
volved In the problem because
they don’t dump their wastes
in the oceans or in rivers that
run into other countries.
“I told them that If they had
solved the problem of radio
active waste disposal so
thoroughly, in common decency
they ought to come to Monaco
and tell everybody else about
how they do it.
"They’ve finally decided to
come.”
Spaceship 'Skin 1
Urged to Soften
Meteor Blows
By the Associated Press
A Government scientist tpday
proposed a kind of bumper to
protect spaceships from tiny
meteors that streak through
space by the millions.
Dr. Fred L. Whipple, director
of the Smithsonian Institution’s
Astrophyslcal Observatory, of
fered this solution—put a thin
second skin around the outside
of the spaceship, separated
from the inner skin by a small
distance.
“The meteor striking the
outer skin,” said Dr. Whipple,
“will explode there and only the
gas vapor will strike the inner
skin. The gas vapor does not
possess the crater-producing
power of the original body and
will not cause punctures.”
Os course, he added in a re
port to the office of Naval re
search, this applies only for
meteors considerably smaller
than the thickness of the ship’s
skin.
'Big 3' Flights
Underline U.S.
Missile Punch
CAPE CANAVERAL. Fla.,
Nov. 5 (AP).—The big three of
United States missilery—Atlas,
Thor and Jupiter—effectively
demonstrated this Nation’s
rocket retaliatory power in the
last'two days
All three were launched on
long-range test flights during
a 20-hour period. Officials re
ported all successfully dropped
simulated warheads on desig
nated ocean targets.
The intermediate range Thor
blasted off Tuesday night on a
1,500-mile journey; the Atlas
took off on an Intercontinental
range flight of 4.800 miles yes*
terday, and the Jupiter IRBM
sped 1,500 miles down the At
lantic missile range last night.
All Three Operational
Successful flights are nothing
new to this fiery trio of mili
tary blockbusters. They have
covered the course many times
during lengthy research and
development programs here.
The United States has de
clared all three operational and
their current test programs are
designed to improve their ac
curacy and reliability.
, Combat-ready Thors are
poised on launching pads
abroad. Jupiters soon will join
them.
A few Atlases are stationed
at Vandenberg Air Force Base,
Calif. Several more Atlas
bases are being constructed
through the Western United
States. The missile has a range
of 6,300 miles.
Thor Squadrons to NATO
Four squadrons of Thors are
assigned to NATO troops in
England. Three Army Jupiter
squadrons are scheduled for
early delivery to NATO forces.
Two will go to Italy, one to
Turkey. Each squadron has
15 of the deadly weapons.
Although many United States
officials concede this Nation
trails Russia in developing
powerful space rockets, they
believe the two countries are
even in the ballistic missile field.
Two other American ballis
tic missiles—the Titan ICBM
and Polaris submarine weapon
—are experiencing test diffi
culties. Both, however, are
expected to be added to the
operational defense arsenal next
year.
Testing will begin in 1960 on
two v>lid-fuel ballistic rockets,
the 700-mile Pershing and the
5.000-mile Minuteman.
Wilson Operates
Despite Strike
CHICAGO, Nov. 5 (AP).—
Wilson & Co. says its eight
meat-packing plants are oper
ating, although with reduced
crews, despite a strike called
by the United Packinghouse
Workers of America.
The union called the strike
Tuesday night. It charged Wil
son with illegal acts and at
tempts to provoke violence.
Wilson had accused the union
of attacks on non-striking
workers’ cars and threats of
death and injury to their fami
lies.
About 5,200 workers at Wil
son plants ki Chicago, Albert
Lea, Minn.; Omaha, South
Omaha, Nebr.; Kansas City.
Kans.; Memphis, Tenn.; Los
Angeles, and Cedar Rapids,
lowa, are involved in the walk
out.
The union’s two-year con
tract with Wilson expired Sep
tember 3. It was extended to
September 19 during new con
tract talks. Since then negoti
ators have tried vainly to
reach a new agreement.
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Woihtngton, 0. C., TAi mdey, November 5, 1959
End to Europe's Lag
On A-Power Forecast
Europe’s lag in adopting atomic energy aa a major source
of electrical power is only a temporary thing, according to the
head of Euratom, the European Atomic Energy Committee.
Etienne Hlrsch predicts that within 20 years Europe’s
power requirements will b$ so great that fully one-fourth will
have to be provided by nuclekr energy.
In an address to the Atomic Industrial Forum and the
American Nuclear Society last'
night, Mr. Hlrsch indicated {
that Europe's Installed capacity ;
of atomic power plant in 1980 |
will equal the present total
electrical output of all plants.
This amount—23o billion kilo- i
watt hours—is about one-third i
the United States energy output, i
While admitting that Eura- 1
tom, the six-nation atom-for
peace pool, has .slackened its
drive for nuclear - produced
power, Mr. Hirsch asserted that
the slowup is only temporary.
He attributed it partly to a
changing political and eco
nomic situation which causes
a sense of urgency for atomic
power to abate.
Another major reason tor
flagging interest, Mr. Hirsch
said, has been the discovery of
new oil and gas deposits, which
no longer make Europe de
pendent on the politically un
stable Middle East.
The Euratom head cited “as
a paradox” the fact that "the
mere promise of atomic energy
has contributed to making con
ventional sources of energy
cheaper.” This, in turn, has
Honor for Aramburu
The School of International
Service of the American Uni
versity will present a certificate
of merit to Gen. Pedro Eugenio
Aramburu, former provisional
president of Argentina, at 4:30
o’clock this afternoon in the
lounge of the School of Inter
national Service.
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A-5
slowed the actual acceptance of
nuclear energy as. a major
power source.
Mr. Hlrsch’s address came at
the close of a three-day session
of the Atomic Industrial Forum
and the opening day of a three
day convention of the Ameri
can Nuclear Society at the
Sheraton-Park Hotel.
First Rally Set
For Rockefeller
HANOVER. N. H., Nov. 5
(AP).—The Nation’s first an
nounced “rally for Rockefeller”
here November 17 will have
the atmosphere of an “old
fashioned log cabin and cider
barrel” campaign.
The Hanover committee
backing the New York Gov
ernor for the Republican pres-'
idential nomination said today:
"We want to show that the
Republican Party in New
Hampshire combines youthful
dynamism and sober wisdom as
skillfully as does Nelson A.
Rockefeller.
“One of the aims of our rally
will be to convince the Gov
ernor that he has enough
grassroots support in the State
to enter the presidential pref
erence primary next spring and
win it.”
New Hampshire holds the
Nation’s first presidential pri
mary of 1960 March 8.
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Evening star. [volume], November 05, 1959, Page A-5, Image 5
About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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Evening star. [volume], November 05, 1959, Page A-5, Image 5
About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972