Evening star. [volume], February 04, 1962, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
THE WEATHER:
on Page B-2
District and vicinity Fair and much
warmer today with high in 60s. Tomor
row, fair and mild.
110th Year.
No. 35.
Tawes Budget
Expected to Hit
$550 Million
Assembly Scheduled
v To Act as Session
Opens Wednesday
By PAUL HOPE
Star Staff Writer
A State budget of approxi-j
mately $550 million is expected
to be presented by Gov. Tawes
when the Maryland General ■
Assembly convenes Wednesday
for its 30-day session.
The part of the budget which
means the most to taxpayers’ i
pocketbooks—the general fundi
spending, which is financed!
mainly with income and sales
taxes—probably will be around
$270 million. This is a jump of;
S2O million over the current
year.
State sources said there will
be no new major spending pro
grams this year. The budget
increase reflects the increased
cost of maintaining present
services for an expanding pop
ulation.
Some adjustments will be
made in salaries for State em
ployes although no across-the
board increase is expected. The
Governor also has said he will
increase faculty salaries at all
the State institutions of higher
learning, but he is not expect
■ ed to recommend any increase
in the State minimum scale for
elementary and high school
teachers.
Surplus to Aid
The Governor will dip heav
ily into surplus funds to bal
ance his proposed budget for
fiscal 1962-3. In addition to a
‘‘rainy day” fund of sl2 mil
lion which the Governor and
General Assembly salted away
two years ago, there is expected
to be a surplus from this year’s
operations of about $9 million.
Sources said the Governor
will retain about $6 million of
the surpluses to help balance
the 1963-4 budget.
There will be no recom-!
mendations from the Governor
for any tax increases, nor will
there be any for tax reductions.
Gov. Tawes said several'
weeks ago that he hoped some
minor reductions could be
made in the sales tax, but he
ruled this out at a press con
ference last week.
Opens Wednesday
The General Assembly ses
sion will get under way at 2
pin. Wednesday. At party cau
cuses before the session, the
Democrats and Republicans
will name presiding officers
and floor leaders.
House Speaker Perry O. Wil
kinson, Democrat of Prince
Georges. - and Senate President
George W. Della, Democrat of
Baltimore City, are expected to
be renamed.
Senator James A. Pine, Dem
ocrat of Baltimore County, re-1
portedly is in line to replace
Edward S. Northrop as ma
jority floor leader in the Senate, |
Mr. Northrop resigned to be
come a Federal judge.
Although House Democratic
Floor Leader A. Gordon Boone,
of Baltimore County, was the
target of considerable criticism j
last year, there has been no
move to replace him.
The small band of Republi
cans, seven in the House and
three in the Senate, probably!
will rename their floor leaders/
Senator Harry Phoebus of
Somerset, and Delegate Lester
Reed of Allegany.
Racial Test Due
Several issues will produce
king-size controversies.
Gov. Tawes has put enact
ment of a bill to bar racial
discrimination in hotels and
restaurants on his list of top
priority measures. There will
be strong opposition to this
from the Eastern Shore and
some other rural areas.
Reapportionment of General
Assembly seats to give the big
countries more representation
will be introduced again. Gov.
See MARYLAND, Page A-6
Exponding your classical
record library should be
based on a planned, well
guided program.
Herman Schoden's column
RECORD REVIEW helps col
lectors by a critical review of
what's being marketed. New
Beethoven, Dvorak and
Weber releases are among
the subjects under discus
sion.
. . . In Today’s Star
Page F-9
She Sunday Siaf
* z WITH DAILY EVENING EDITION
Phone LI. 3-5000 s WASHINGTON, D. C., FEBRUARY 4,1962
INVESTORS BEWARE
1 of 3 D. C. Brokers
Found to Be Unsafe
By MIRIAM OTTENBERG
Star Staft Writer
More than 100 firms are dealing In stocks and bonds
in Washington, but one-third of thens couldn’t operate In
j most of the States.
That means the chances are one in three that the
unwary Washington investor may run into a broker-dealer
who knows nothing about the busi
ness or who pays the rent with his
customer’s investment money or who
applies high-pressure tactics to sell
questionable stocks.
The present danger to Washington
investors is emerging in investiga
tions conducted by the Securities and
Exchange Commission, the National
This is the first of o
series of orticles explor
ing the practices of
questionable investment
firms here in order to
protect the investing
public.
I Association of Securities Dealers and the Better Business
I Bureau.
The steadily worsening situation here in the promotion
j and sale of low-priced, over-the-counter securities lay
1 behind the SEC’s recent decision to send a task force of
investigators into Washington on a clean-up mission.
The National Association of Securities Dealers, self
policing organization in the securities field, reports that,
in its regular examinations of more than 100 investment ;
firms here, it has recently been taking action against one
out of three firms.
The Better Business Bureau hired an ex-FBI agent to
investigate Washington securities firms. On the basis of
his findings of shoddy and unethical practices, the bureau
called on the Sfec and the dealers’ association to increase
their investigative staffs and step up enforcement activi
ties here.
The bureau cited ‘‘the promotional activities and
business methods of some of these securities firms (that) |
have resulted in severe losses to the investing public in
this area.”
Reliable Firms Concerned
Established investment firms here are seriously con
cerned by the sudden increase in inexperienced, financially j
unstable firms as well as the out-of-town promoters
flocking into Washington.
The many reliable firms welcomed the Better Business
Bureau investigation and have labored with the dealers’
organization in its self-policing activities as they see the
city’s reputation for safe dealings in securities threatened.
They are aware of the increasing number of victims—
the stock-buying customers—many of whom are invest
ing for the first time. Nearly 800 customers were caught
in the collapse of one firm last year and their experience
See INVESTORS, Page A-2
Attorney General Irked
At Dunking in Hawaii
HONOLULU, Feb. 3 (AP).—I
Attorney General Robert F,
Kennedy flew off to Tokj>o on
his around-the-world goodwill
mission today, smiling but ir
ritated at getting dumped into
the ocean from a small sailboat.
The Kennedy party left Ha
waii at 2:15 p.m. HST (7:15
p.m. EST) aboard a Pan Ameri
can jetliner. The pl&ne was due
in Tokyo at 6:45 p.m., JST Sun- j
day (4:45 p.m. EST). Mr. Ken
nedy is making most of his trip (
by commerical airlines.
His plane’s departure was 1
delayed 29 minutes because Mr.
; Kennedy took a swim after
lunch and was late arriving at
I International Airport. He went
! swimming not far from where
his boat overturned yesterday.
Laughs Off Incident
The attorney general, who
has considerable sailing experi
ence around Cape Cod. Mass.,
j laughed off yesterday’s inci
dent in which his 10-foot
dinghy capsized in choppy seas
a quarter of a mile offshore.
Mr. Kennedy, his wife, Ethel,
. and Mrs. Donald Wilson, wife
of the deputy director of the
• United States Information
Agency, were thrown into the
water.
“It was nothing,” said the 36-
■ year-old brother of President
Kennedy. “It was nothing to 1
. get excited about.”
I But Mr. Kennedy couldn’t
H hide his mild irritation at the
■ blot on his seamanship, he was
1 at the tiller and was turning
;' the craft into the wind when it
i tipped over. “We didn’t drown,”
he said, “so what’s all the
1! fuss?”
1
Shorts Ban at Capitol?
McVey Crusade Stalls
By JOHN McKELWAY
Star Staff Writer
Time is running out on the
McVey bill.
! The Administration has re
mained silent, ignoring a
1 groundswell of public approval
and the voice of the turtle is
iheard in the land.
j Spring on Capitol Hill brings
I a gathering of shorts—small
shorts, large shorts, incredible
! shorts, tremendous shorts. The
McVey bill would have pre
evented all that.
But the McVey bill is appar
ently stuck, mysteriously, in the
House Public Works Committee.
And the shorts are headed this
way.
The author of the legislation,
the genial Walter L. McVey,
Republican Representative from
Kansas, has no explanation.
I "It’s hard to get things done
around here,” he said yester-
Iday. "Yet most of the people
ll’ve talked to like the bill.
“I introduced the bill last
August, just before*Mr. Ray
si burn went home to Texas. I
i Except for that brief remark,
Mr. Kennedy made light of the
capsizing. He and Ethel Ken
nedy chuckled when she re
ferred to him as “the skipper.”
And J. Kenneth Galbraith,
Unted States Ambassador to
India, brought a big smile to
the attorney general’s face by
asking about “your shipwreck." '
Visits Galbraith
Mr. Kennedy visited Mr. Gal
braith today at Tripier Army
1 Hospital, where the ambassa
| dor is undergoing treatment for
an intestinal disorder and sinus
trouble.
“There goes the skipper now.”
■ said Mrs. Kennedy as her hus
! band walked into a nearby cor
ridor. He turned and laughed.
The Kennedys and Mrs. Wil
son, all attired in swim suits,
, spent only a few minutes in the
. water. Two Navy pilots, water
skiing between Honolulu and
! Pearl Harbor, came to their
; rescue and returned them to
s shore. A group of Navy offi
cers waiting on. a boat dock
quickly took them to a nearby
■ bath house.
J The pilots, Lt. (j.g.) Ned]
i Soares, 25, of Fairhaven, Mass., I
> and Lt. (j. g.) Stan Baldwin, 26,
of Pensacola, Fla., said they
had little opportunity to speak;
. with the Kennedys. “They were !
Ji whisked away so fast, all we s
had time for was a quick hand-.
. shake and thanks,” said Lt.
; I Soares.
The Kennedy party had bor
’ rowed a dinghy from the Navy
[ for an hour’s sailing in Keehi
, Lagoon west of Honolulu. They
, were just off Sand Island on
See KENNEDY, Page A-4
climbed up beside his chair in
the House and told him I was
putting in a bill to keep shorts
out of the Capitol. He told’ me,
‘That’s a good idea,’” Mr.
McVey remembered yesterday.
■ Congress, however, went on
to other things last year and,
i so far at least, has refused to
l touch the shorts bill this year.
Requires Trousers, Dresses
I
> The bill states, bluntly:
: | “No male person over the age
of 12 may enter or remain in
the Capitol Building unless he
. is wearing long trousers, and
! no female person over the age
. of 12 may enter or remain in
; the Capitol Building unless she
is wearing a dress or skirt.”
“Look,” said Mr. McVey, who
’ has not lost interest in his bill,
i “I’m not on some morality kick.
“It’s just when I see those
. big fat women in shorts in the
Capitol that I think it shows
, a lack of respect, and some
of the men are just as bad,”
. the legislator, 39, said.
' Since he offered the bill, Mr.
1 See SHORTS, Page A-6
Critics Defied
By Frondizi
On Cuba Vote
Argentine Chiefs
2d Switch Could
Bring New Crisis
By SAM SUMMERLIN
Associated Press Staff Writer
BUENOS AIRES, Argentina.
Feb. 3.—Defying his powerful
clitics at home, President Ar
turo Frondizi declared today
Argentina’s refusal to vote for
expulsion of Cuba from the
inter-American family was a
blow for "the basic principles of
self determination and nonin
tervention.”
In a warning to the United
States and 13 Latin American
U. S. Setbacks Feared From Argen
tine Crisis. Page A-7.
nations voting to expel Cuba
at Punta del Este, Mr. Frondizi
said the death of these princi
ples would turn the hemi
sphere over to “the law of the
jungle.”
Mr. Frondizi spoke out in an
address at Parana at a time
when he appeared to have set
tled a crisis with his armed
forces chiefs. Angered by Ar
gentina’s so-called soft stand
at .the hemisphere’s foreign
ministers meeting, they had
demanded he break relations
with Communist Cuba.
i Reactionaries Assailed
Mr. Frondizi then summoned
home Ambassador Julio Amoedo
from Havana and a communi
que indicated that Argentina
would vote to oust Cuba from
the Organization of American
States when the issue came
before the group’s council meet
ing in Washington.
! Mr. Frondizi's defiant de
fense of the Argentine stand
at Punta del Este could set
the crisis boiling again.
Government sources said,
however, the speech did not
mean that Frondizi had gone
back on his pledge last night
to support the full Punta del
Este declaration, including the
114-nation resolution for Cuba’s
ouster from inter-American
agencies.
U. S. “Reactionaries” Hit
Military sources had no im
mediate comment on the speech.
The armed forces chiefs ap
peared satisfied earlier by the
presidential communique that
blasted the Castro regime and
recognized “the necessity of
expelling Cuba from the inter-
American system.’
In his Parana address, Mr.
Frondizi urged the Argentine
people to "continue your sup
port for law and order.”
Mr. Frondizi accused “re-
See ARGENTINE, Page A'-6
U. S. Ship Cancels
Dominican Stopover
SANTO DOMINGO, Domini
can Republic, Feb. 3 (AP).—A
scheduled rest and recreation
visit by the United States de
stroyer Van Voorhis to the
Domincian Republic today was
cancelled, United States Au
thorities announced. No reason
was given.
Unifficial sources said polit
ical demonstrations here were
the main reason for calling off
the visit but, actually, no dem
onstrations have been noted
here in more than a week.
Today’s Star
Sect. A General News
Sect. B Metro Area News
Sect. C Editorial, Business
Sect. D and E Society, Home
Sect. F Sports Amusement
Sect. G Classified *
Also Sunday, The Star Magazine;
This Week Magazine, TV Maga
zine, Comic Section and Hecht's
Furniture and Homefurnishings
Gravure Tabloid.
Index of Subjects
Sect. Page
Amusements _■ G —7-9
Art F 11
Books C 5
Bridge F 6
Business, Finance C 8-11
Camera F 6
Citizens Meetings F 6
Classified G... 1-20
Crossword Puzzle F 6
Editorials C 4
Editorials Features C 2-3
Etiquette E 12
Fashions E 1
Gardens G 21
Hobbies F 6
Home Improvement E 3
Lost, Found A 3
Music F 10
Obituaries C 6-7
PTA Events Calendar —_F 12
Radio F 11
Records F 9
Schools F 12
Science Calendar F 12
Sports F 1-5
Stamps, Coins *_F 6
Television Listings—-TV Magazine
Travel 8.-10-11
Weather Reports • 2
Week in Perspective C 1
Science Calendar F 12
Citizens' Meetings F 6
Kennedy Cuts Off
Trade With Cuba
f W flfl
& ■ '’TT
i
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fl
,fl
fl
fl
Astronaut John H. Glenn, jr., and his wife, Annie, exchange smiles
during a press conference yesterday in front of their home in Arlington.
(Another Picture on Page A-3).—Star Staff Photo by Francis Routt.
Glenn Sees No Jinx in 13th
Roaring off into space on
the “unlucky 13th" holds no
terrors for Lt. Col. John H.
Glenn, jr.
In fact, the 40-year-old Ma
rine Corps test pilot said yes
terday, the scheduled launch
ing date of February 13 “cqn
only bode good” for his orbital
ride in a Mercury space cap
sule.
Col. Glenn was home over
the week end after a launching
scheduled for last Thursday
was postponed at least until
a week from this Tuesday be
cause of trouble in the Atlas
launching vehicle.
After a morning press con
ference Col. Glenn went shop
ping with his wife, wandering
virtually unnoticed through the
Seven Corners Shopping Cen
ter in Falls Church.
The couple, accompanied by
their daughter, Carolyn, visited
a drug store where one man
recognized the astronaut and
went up and shook his hand.
Other shoppers paid no atten
tion.
Meeting reporters on the
.porch of his home at 3683 North
Harrison street in Arlington,
the astronaut said work at
Cape Canaveral, Fla., is still
aimed at the February 13
target date, but he added that
“we are going only after we
are good and ready.”
Reports have persisted that
the trouble in the Atlas is so
serious that the booster may
have to be replaced. This
would take about six weeks,
WOMEN IN SCIENCE are play
ing increasingly important roles as
the Nation strains to keep up with
the demand for more trained peo
ple in the space age. For the story
on how women hove broken down
old barriers and won major posts
in scientific fields, see the ortice
| by John W. Stepp on Page 4 of
SUNDAY, The Star Magazine.
BEAUTY AFTER 40 is discussed
by Anita Colby, a woman whose ap
pearance proves she knows what
she is talking about. For advice
on how to grow old beautifully,
turn to Page 14 of THIS WEEK.
FRESH IMPRESSIONS of Wash
: ington are illustrated in drawings
and paintings by a Cuban artist
who come here to live after fleeing
Castro's regime. SUNDAY, The
Star Magazine, uses his pictures m
color its cover and on Page 10.
OCEAN LUXURY LINERS may
be on the way out. The possibility
that the big passenger ships may
no longer be able to complete ef
fectively with the airlines for
trans-Atlantic passengers is an
alyzed on Page B-11.
A NEW STAR may be rising in
the Republican Party. He is George
Romney, who is seriously consider
ing a bid for the G. O. P. nomina
tion for Governor of Michigan.
Some observers think he would like
to use the governorship as a
springboard to the White House
Page C-2.
. delaying the launching attempt I
, until mid-March.
Col. Glenn said that when
he returns to the Cape, his al
ternate pilot, Navy Lt. Comdr.
Malcolm Scott Carpenter, will
. probably take a few days off.
. Comdr. Carpenter, 36, has been
l “hard at wbrk at the Cape”
I ever since the last postpone
ment was announced last Tues
day, Col. Glenn said.
, “I have been back-up pilot
. and I know what is involved,”
; Col. Glenn said, referring to
, his stint in support of Astro
naut Alan B. Shephard, jr.,,
. last May. “I’d certainly appre- ’
ciate your giving any credit you
can to Scott.”
Col. Glenn said much of the
news coverage of the Mercury
: program has centered on the
' personal lives of those con-
■ cerned—“like whether Annie
(Mrs. Glenn) is having her hair
■ done.”
I “The news people on occa
i sion have missed the purpose
[ of our program,” he said. “We
are out for a hard, cold scien
tific program. We hope what
we are doing will help chart
what is done in the future.”
i Hopes to Participate
The astronaut said he hoped
[ to take part in more advanced
l space programs like Gemini
(two men in orbit) and Apollo
! (three men in space) leading
eventually to lunar landings.
But for the present, he said,
' plans would have to be indef
' inite while Project Mercury is
’ carried out.
’ Col. Glenn refused comment
' on a statement carried by the
(Soviet news agency Tass that
‘I the launching attempt of Jan
uary 27 was canceled 20 min
utes before the scheduled firing
because of “fear of failure.”
He was asked whether he
was as tired that day after five
hours in the Mercury capsule
as some photographs made him
appear to be. Apparently re
ferring to a picture carried by
many newspapers, including last
Sunday's Star, the astronaut
said:
"I was answering a question
Bureau Wants Tunnel,
Cites Break-In Danger
By SAM EASTMAN
Star Staff Writer
The Bureau of Engraving
and Printing wants to take
over the abandoned Fourteenth
street streetcar tunnel to be
sure its buildings are protected
from break-ins.
The bureau said it needs
jurisdiction over the under
ground streetcar terminal in
order to provide maximum
security for its operations.
A request for the tunnel has
been made to the Commission
ers by H. J. Holtzclaw, bureau
director, it was reported yes
j terday.
Mr. Holtzclaw told the Com
missioners the abandoned tun
nel. without tight protection,
would pose a serious criminal
j threat to its buildings and em
ployes.
The bureau also would like
i to have the tunnel next to its
buildings for parking, Mr.
Holtzclaw said.
> There is a direct opening
THE IDEA BEHIND
A TV PROJECT
See TV Magazine
Home Delivered:
Daily and Sunday, per month, 2.25
lat the time the picture was!
! taken and I had my mouth open ;
and was kind of frowning. It j
made me look considerably more
tired than I was at the time. !
“I was in there a long time,l
but we could have gone ahead." I
Rejects Suggestion
Col. Glenn rejected a sug
gestion that the bad weather
, which canceled the January 27
■ shot was “a blessing in dis-
II guise” in view of serious trouble
. subsequently discovered in the
Atlas. “This would not have
! caused us any trouble (if the
, launching had been carried out
Saturday),” Col. Glenn said,
i Dressed in a sport shirt, white
■ car coat and blue slacks, Col.
i Glenn came out on the front
porch of his home with his wife
i and two children. John David,
■ 16, and Carolyn. 14.
Surveying both the crowd of
newsmen and the snow on the
' ground, Col. Glenn said, “The
' best statement I could make
at this time is that Hangar S
■ is not such a bad place after
■ all.”
Hangar S is the building at
Cape Canaveral where the as
tronauts occupy secluded quar
ters in the days preceding a
launch: The weather there has
been warm and pleasant in re
cent weeks.
Weather in 60s
To Chase Snow
. After two days of snow,
. freezing rain, gray skies and
generally sloppy weather, to-
• day will be sunny and much
, warmer. Temperatures should
move into the 60s, the Weather
J Bureau said.
i Tomorrow also is expected to [
be fair and mild.
■ The warming trend spread
; into Virginia and North Caro
; lina yesterday. It was 70 at
Asheville. N. C„ and in the
i; upper 60s at Roanoke, Va.
! from the tunnel to the grounds i
of the bureau’s main building.
This would mean that the
turnaround could be used for
| parking without interference to
Fourteenth street traffic, the
bureau director said.
The request to the Commis
sioners also noted that the un
derground terminal has stair
way connections to street level
at all four corners of the in
tersection. Also, the letter
pointed out, there is a tunnel
exit allowing direct entrance
into the bureau’s annex build
ing. city officials said.
The Commissioners were told
that the bureau said it would
put up whatever protective
barriers are needed, take over
maintenance duties, and work
out security problems with the
city’s police officials.
The turnaround was aban
doned last month when D. C.
. Transit System completed its
switchover to an all-bus op- j
eration.
20 CENTS
Castro Dealt
Major Blow
By Embargo
By EARL H. VOSS
Star Staff Writer
President Kennedy struck
again yesterday at Fidel Cas
tro's Cuba by ordering a com
plete shutdown of American
imports and all exports except
food and medicine. The em
bargo goes into effect Wednes
day.
Cuba last year earned about
SIOO million in foreign ex
change, $35 million from sales
to the United States. Ninety
per cent of the purchases were
tobacco for the Tampa (Fla.)
cigar industry.
United States officials cal
culate the move will reduce by
more than one-third the for
eign-exchange resources avail
able to Premier Castro for ex
porting his brand of Commur,
nist revolution to other Latin
American nations.
“The loss of this income.” a
White House announcement
said yesterday, “will reduce the
capacity of the Castro regime,
intimately linked with the Sino-
Soviet bloc, to engage in acts of
aggression, subversion or other
activities endangering the se
curity of the United States and
other nations of the hemi
sphere.”
Money For Red Propaganda
American officials report Mr.
! Castro has been using his dwin
dling dollar supply to finance
uropaganda, diplomatic opera
tions in Latin America, and
!visits to Cuba for Latin sym
i pathizers.
! Ending United States pur
chases of Cuban tobacco leaf,
lobsters, fruit and vegetables
J will seriously impair the Castro
! government’s ability to con
tinue its subversion activities,
J officials say.
] President Kennedy said he
I was taking the action in ac
cordance with decisions of the
; hemispheric foreign ministers’
’ conference in Punta del Este.
Secretary of State Rusk re
’ turned Thursday from the 12-
• day meeting.
■ Fourteen of the 21 nations
‘ voted to oust Cuba from the
Organization of American
' States. All declared the Cuban
government incompatible with
the inter-American system.
6,000 Tampa Jobs Affected
White House Press Secretary
Pierre Salinger said Secretary
of Labor Goldberg will immedi
ately make available all aid
possible to the 6.000 or 7.000
workers in the Tampa cigar
industry who may be affected
by the clampdown on tobacco
leaf purchases.
Manufacturers have claimed
they could not obtain a satis
factory substitute for the
Cuban leaf.
In pre-Castro days Cuban-
American trade amounted to
about SSOO million each way.
Premier Castro came to power
January 1, 1959. President
See EMBARGO, Page A-6
Cubans Start
New Lives in
Washington
By DAN GOTTLIEB
Star Staff Writer
They leave Cuba with a max
imum of 5 pesos (about 50
cents) in their pockets and
virtually all their property
confiscated, even down to a
baby’s earring—but they con
sider themselves blessed.
These are the refugees from
Castro's Cuba, an estimated
700 to 1,000 of whom are now
living in Washington. During
the past three years, according
to the best figures available,
■ they have about doubled the
size of the Cuban-born and
Cuban alien community here.
More than 300, at least, came
iin the past 12 months. They
are still coming here at an
estimated rate of 10 families
a week.
The Cuban refugees who
came to Washington <or merely
stayed on here after resigning)
immediately after Castro’s rise
to power were chiefly those
closely connected with the Ba
tista regime.
The second wave of refugee
immigrants began around the
start of 1960. Many of these
were originally Castro support
ers. They turned against Fidel,
they said, when the Communist
take-over of the revolutionary
government became apparent.
Like many in America, they
were fooled by Castro’s early
assertions that he was not a
Communist and that the gov
ernment was not Communist.
The refugees are chiefly pro
j fessional people, businessmen
and white-collar workers. Here,
See REFL GEES, Page B-l