Evening star. [volume], March 04, 1962, Page B, Image 21

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Cities
and People
Something
To Shoot At?
By ROBERT J. LEWIS
TJITLER'S CHIEF lieuten
ant, Hermann Goering,
once said:
“When I hear anyone talk
of culture, I want to reach
for my revolver.”
Some people today may
have the same impulse.
Because culture is so often
misunderstood, it has be
come a bad word. It some
how suggests to a lot of peo
ple a kind of pretentious de
votion to matters that can
best be looked at with a lor
gnette, or listened to through
an old-fashioned ear trum
pet.
If ever there was a word
that needed to be better de
fined, and more clearly un
derstood, this is it.
What is culture? What are
cultural values? What place
do they have on the Ameri
can scene?
One of the best-organized
explanations was written a
year or so ago at the behest
of former President Eisen
hower.
It is contained in a chap
ter of a book called “Goals
for Americans.”
The man who wrote this
chapter has just been des
ignated by President Ken
nedy as his special aide in
the White House for cultural
affairs. His name is August
Heckscher.
With a little luck, Mr.
Heckscher may have a
chance to open all our eyes,
make us proud of the best in
human progress, inspire us
to acknowledge the validity
of our own American con
tributions to human enlight
enment, and encourage more
of the same.
** ♦ »
MR. HECKSCHER served
with the OSS for four years
during the war, was a Phi
Beta Kappa, is a former
newspaperman, has written
several books, is not at all
smug, speaks well and gen
erally has something inter
esting to say.
Since leaving the New York
Herald Tribune, he has been
director of the Twentieth
Century Fund, a non-profit
foundation that sponsors re
search and publishes books.
He was one of 14 persons
chosen by President Eisen
hower’s Commission on
National Goals to put down
on paper their views on im
portant national problems.
His subject was “The Qual
ity of American Culture.”
This essay prepared the way
for his forthcoming work at
the White House.
The work he will undertake
is not yet defihed in detail,
nor has he had an opportun
ity, as yet, to discuss it with
President Kennedy.
** * *
READING HIS analysis,
you get the idea Mr. Heck
scher believes the Govern
ment has a proper role to
play in cultural progress, and
that the time is ripe.
“Among much that on the
surface appears to be com
placency or materialism, the
Americans—the younger gen
eration especially—are look
ing for something at oncq
more demanding, and more
genuinely satisfying, than
what passes for happiness by
current standards,” he wrote.
. It would surely be a
counsel of despair to freeze
our attitude toward govern
ment support of the arts on
the basis of unhappy experi
ence in the past.
“What is needed is a cau
tious and tentative approach
to new measures, undertaken
with good will on the part
of the politicians and the
representatives of art.
“The stakes are too im
portant to let ignorance or
prejudice on either side fore
close the issue.
As to what culture is, Mr.
Heckscher has a broad view.
It may be judged, among
other things, he said, “by the
beauty of its public monu
ments, the scale and fitness
and the ease of human con
tacts provided by the squares
and streets of its cities, the
pleasantness of its country
landscape.”
That kind of culture you
don’t look at through a lor
gnette. Nor do you want to
shoot at it with a revolver.
It is part of the sum total of
the best aspects of civiliza
tion which is, after all, what
human culture really repre
sents.
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Comdr. Frederick J. Lewis of the Navy Medical Service Out they come, blinking in the sun. A few stumble. Some stare And others, like thi
Corps opens the door to the fallout shelter. about without expression, like men just getting out of bed. of the sun. Star S
GROUNDHOG DAY AGAIN
Freed Shelter Dwellers Blink in Sun
By WILLIAM GRIGG
Star Staff Writer
It seemed like Groundhog!
Day all over again yesterday!
.as a crowd gathered at Be-;
thesda Naval Hospital to see a!
hundred men emerge from a
[hole in the ground.
[ At 11 a.m„ they bounded
[out of the Nawy fallout shelter
[they had been helping to test
for two weeks, stared and
(were stared at.
Their hair unmilitarily long,
their faces stubby or bushy—
they were permitted to use
electric shavers or to let their
beards grow—the guinea pigs
reacted in different ways to the
world of sunlight and blue
skies.
Some smiled and blinked at
the sun appreciatively. A few
stumbled and nearly fell as they
hurried out. But most looked
like many of us arising from
sleep—too dull to enjoy the
sunrise.
Capt. David Minard, the
group’s physician, was greeted
by a senior Navy officer with
the news that John H. Glenn,
jr., had orbited the earth.
"Tremendous!” he said.
He told newsmen that 25 or
30 rpen had gotten “upper re
spiratory illnesses,” including
five flu-like cases, none serious
and all mended or nearly so.
The men were taken to the
Anacostia Navy Station in
Southeast, to shower, sleep and
read two weeks of newspapers
provided by The Star and oth
er papers. Until tests and rest
periods are completed this
weekend, the men will remain
D.C. Heads May Sing
New Music Week Tune
The District Commissioners
are beginning to think their
refusal to issue a National
Music Week proclamation was
a little off-key.
The decision has been un
popular with some here, in
cluding at least one Congress
man. The Commissioners j
turned down the proposal under i
a new policy which set tougher
standards for these official in- <
dorsements.
But now a Commissioners’
announcement urging one and[
all to observe National Music [
Week in May could be issued
after all.
“We have been requested to!
reconsider it by various organ-!
izations in town (including thej
city’s own Recreation Depart
ment),” Engineer Commission
er Frederick J. Clarke said.
Hauling Food to Needy
Raises License Issue
District officials are checking
to see if a new business here
should be duly licensed under
city rules.
The business? Hauling sur
plus food for neeedy recipients
for a modest fee.
Gerard M. Shea, welfare di
rector, asked licensing officials
last week to rule on this point.
No welfare regulations are
violated by the arrangement,
which appears to be a satis
factory and cheap way to get
the heavy food packages to the
homes of those who have
trouble picking them up, he I
noted.
But the operation has grown
to “sizeable proportions,” the :
almost as isolated as they were
in the shelter.
What did they do in that
shelter—a 25 by 48 foot Quon
set-shaped structure of steel
and concrete buried under
ground? Not much.
What did they prove? Quite
a lot. Naval Research Labora
tory scientists say.
Watched by closed - circuit
television, monitored by con
tinuous medical tests, recorded
in their own and shelter com
mander Lt. (j.g.) John White’s
diaries, this is what the jnen
did and proved:
Saturday, February 17
Morale excellent. But the [
shelter diet—lots and lots of I
enriched crackers in two meals,
one with soup and the other I
with peanut butter— rate no 1
cheers. Divided into two groups, I
half the men sleep at a time,
i with two four-hour periods a [
day in which all are awake. [
Lights, on at all times, do not [
prevent sleep.
Sunday
[ Several men complain of
' minor cold symptoms. The
[shelter, which has no heater,
warms to the mid-70s from
body heat. With the men not
eating all the crackers pro
vided (about 50 a day) the
planned 2,000-calorie-per-day
diet drops to 1,500 calories. Thr
men request religious services
and these are held in the eve
ning.
Monday
j Dr. Minard anticipates re-
Iduced metabolism (the body’s
Gen. Clarke, answering a
question on radio WWDC's
"Report to the People,” said the
Commissioners are taking a
careful second look at the pro
clamation request.
When the proclamation pro
, posal first came up last month,
I Commissioner Walter N. Tobri
ner asked an aide to explain
[its purpose. When told that it
[was supposed to encourage city
[residents to love music, Mr.
[ Tobriner, looking pained, led
I the vote to reject.
This action brought a verbal
| rap from a former conductor.
Representative Kearns, Repub
llican of Pennsylvania, who
[ said the Commissioners had
given the “color of authentic
ity” to charges that Washing
ton is a hick town.
: welfare director said. The ques
tion was raised of whether the
drivers are operating an un
authorized business.
Some are picking up from 25
to 50 packages on a regular
basis for several recipients, he
said. The packages, contain
i ing 11 food items, weight about
. 40 pounds each.
, Many recipients have told
welfare personnel they pay
J from 50 to 75 cents for the
. service, Mr. Shea said.
>[ Surplus food regulations ap
i proved by the Commissioners
i; permit recipients to authorize
other persons to pick up their j
11 food when they can’t do so in [
i * person.
Sunday j&faf
WASHINGTON, D. C„ MARCH 4,1962
burning of food for energy) be
cause of the smaller diet and
limited activities. Some con
densation on the shelter walls
is noticed, but it is no prob
lem. One volunteer, however, is
suspected of having strep
throat and is isolated behind a
screen of blankets. A throat
swab is passed out of the shel
ter for lab tests.
T uesdoy
Men “still frisky.” Lab tests
show the man with the bad
throat does not have strep
throat. Men are using only
three of the six chemical toilpts
to see if three are enough; so
[far, they have been. One man
I seems to be in the recovery
' stage of a flu-like condition.
Wednesday
Men still have excess energy
Iso Capt. Minard starts cales
thenlcs. Cribbage, checkers and
cards are played steadily; With
ventilation still set at 350 cubic
feet a minute, temperature
range from 74 to 78 degrees.
Food complaints continue.
Thursday
Diet, heat and inactivity
slow down the men. The at
mosphere is getting stuffy, the
temperature reaches 83 de
grees. More food complaints.
Friday-Sunday
The increase of air flow to
600 cubic feet per minute low
ers temperatures, eliminates
stuffiness and improves morale.
The men devise musical instru
ments from ration cans and
put on an impromptu show
with twist dancing. A quartet
sings and pantomime skits are
givep.
Men have lost weight, but
this loss shows signs of leveling
off. Religious services are held.
Men begin to accept full 2,000-
calorie diet again.
Monday, February 26
The increased ventilation has
lowered temperatures to 74-78
degrees. Men continue to ac
cept 4,000-calorie diet. Three
Modern Art
Group Names
Mrs. Kennedy
Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy has
accepted a position as honorary
trustee of the new Washington
Gallery of Modern Art.
Dr. Julian Eisenstein, gallery
president, said, in making the
announcement yesterday: "We
are greatly honored that Mrs.
Kennedy, who has demon
strated so great an interest and
taste in the arts of the past,
supports our desire for Wash
ington to have the best in mod
ern painting and sculpture as
well.”
The gallery, formed by a
group of Washington art lovers,
expects to open its first ex
hibition in October. The direc
tor, Mrs. Adelyn Breeskin, will
come to Washington in June
following her retirement as
director of the Baltimore mus
eum of Art.
Negotiations are in progress
for the gallery to be housed in
the carriage house of the Soci
ety of the Cincinnati, 2118
Massachusetts avenue N.W.
Dr. Eisenstein also announced
a new grant of $50,000 to be
given over a three year period,
from the Eugene and Agnes E.
Meyer Foundation. The gallery
I previously received a SIOO,OOO
| grant for the same period, from
the Edgar Stem Family Fund.
toilets are still enough. Lt.
White is hoarse and thus not
100 per cent effective.
Tuesday
Men show signs of anxiety
and interest in ending the test?
Men are readvised on sanitary
[ precautions after two light
cages of diarrhea develop.
Wednesday
Morale building as men an
ticipate leaving shelter soon
Based on their observations of
steadily decaying radiation
source outside the shelter, the
men believe they can leave the
shelter Saturday. Another en
tertainment is set tonight.
Thursday
Saturday date for leaving
shelter becomes firmer. A team
leaves each day to monitor
radiation from a safe source
that simulates radiation levels
after an attack. Team members
shower to remove “contamina
tion” while the rest, because
of limited water, must use
chemical wash-and-dry towels.
Friday
Men have predicted when the
test will be over and are eager.
Hot showers will feel good. Hot
meals will be good, too.
Saturday
The gear brought in is gotten
together, men police up and are
happy to be getting out.
KOEHLER'S PEACEFUL PRESSURE
Tactics Win 2-Judge Court
By JOHN McKELWAY
Star Staff Writer
John Koehler, one of the few
people to enjoy the sweet vic
tory of manipulating a District
bill successfully through Con
gress, was once engaged—sig
nificantly, perhaps—in under
| water demolition.
I At least he operated quietly
! and smoothly as he sent out
his frogmen, disguised as prom
inent citizens, to handle deli
i cate blasting jobs or to lay
[down lines of communication.
| Last Monday, the strategy
paid off when the House passed
the two-judge Juvenile Court
bill.
In the shock that followed—
local citizens had been trying
to add more judges to the court
since 1949 there was much
casting around to find out how
it all happened. Frequently
mentioned was the name of
John T. Koehler.
Led Study Group
Mr. Koehler, 52, is a tax law
yer in the firm of Butler, Koeh
ler & Tausig. Last fall, he took
over the chairmanship of a
special committee to study the
needs of the Juvenile Court.
United States Court of Ap
peals Judge E. Barrett Pretty-1
man, who is retiring, had la-[
bored long to find some solu
tion to the youth court’s work
load. He asked Mr. Koehler to
take the job. Mrs. Koehler said
it would be all right if her hus
band kept his name out of the
newspapers.
Today, Mr. Koehler refuses
to pose as the man solely re
sponsible for the breakthrough
which came late in the after
noon of Monday, February 26,
in the House of Representa
tives.
He is bluntly factual about
the part he did play. As he
says:
“Well, I suppose the biggest
Weather Report, B-2—Metro Area, B-2-3
Obituaries, B-4-s—Business, B-8-11
Aid Cut Held
Not Affecting
Family Unit
An investigation of recent i
cuts in District relief checks'
has turned up virtually no evi
dence of family disruption from]
the reductions.
The special Welfare Depart
ment study covers the relief
cuts to families with 10 to 14
children during the first six
weeks of this year.
The Commissioners ordered
the reductions in the monthly
relief checks to about 2,400
families in the aid-to-depend
ent-children category, effective
last November 1. They reduced
payments $2 a month to a fam
ily with four children and $4
more for each additional child.
The checkpoints for the Wel
fare Department investigation,
it was reported, included city
! health department clinics, evic
tion notices, foster homes and
new admissions to District in
stitutions.
Reportedly, no tie-in was
found at the clinics, the pri
vate foster homes or at the Dis
trict’s Junior Village, an insti
tution for dependent children.
The relief reauctions were
made after Senator Robert C.
Byrd, Democrat of West Vir
ginia, who heads the Senate
Appropriations sub committee
on District appropriations,
called for economics in the
city’s welfare program.
flEr I
JOHN T. KOEHLER
contribution we made was in
deciding we were after two
judges, period. This made the
issue vivid and understandable.”
This decision came on De
cember 8, 1961, in the office of
William A. Geoghegan, special
assistant to Attorney General
Kennedy.
Action Scheduled
[ At that time, the Davis bill—
i it would have wiped out the au
tonomy of Juvenile Court, mak-
[ ing it a branch of Municipal
Court—was scheduled for floor
action in the House early in the
second session of the 87th Con
gress.
The Senate had, meanwhile,
passed a bill calling for two
more judges.
A number of people thought
the Senate had made a big mis
take by not offering to compro
mise on the Davis bill.
At the Justice Department
meeting, Mr. Geoghegan and
Juvenile Judge Orm Ketcham
told Mr. Koehler they were pre
paring compromise legislation
iis bearded sailor, smile in the warmth
Staff Photos by Randolph Routt.
McKeldin Holds Up
On Decision to Run
Still Awaits Some Evidence
Os Support by Democrats
By PAUL HOPE
Star Staff Writer
ANNAPOLIS, March 3.—Theodore R. McKeldin, a Re.
publican who made a lot of Democratic friends and a gooc
many G.O.P. enemies during his eight years as Governor, wai
still undecided tonight on whether he will try again to oust thi
Democrats from the State House.
While the Republican State-wide ticket was still up In thi
air with the Monday filing
deadline approaching there
were plenty of Democrats on
hand.
Gov. Tawes, who swept into
office on the Democratic tide
of 1958, has two major primary
opponents and five minor ones.
The major ones are George P.
Mahoney, Baltimore County
paving contractor and former
racing commissioner, and David
Hume, Charles County attorney
and former Democratic State
treasurer.
If Mr. McKeldin doesn’t want
his old job back, there are at
least three other people who do.
David Scull of Montgomery
County and Frank Small of
Prince Georges, a former sth
district Representative, have
filed for governor and say they
are in the race to stay. Mr.
Small filed today. Mr. Scull
several weeks ago. Also, State
Senator Harry T. Phoebus of
Somerset said he would file on
Monday.
Mr. McKeldin, generally con-
on the court. As Mr. Koehler
told members of his committee
later:
Opposed Procedure
“I vigorously objected to this
procedure, stating that, since
the administration was already
committed to the support of the
Senate bill, the introduction
of compromise legislation would
kill the efforts we were making
to secure passage of the two
judge bill. Compromise legis
lation would certainly result
in the new legislation being re
ferred to the House District
Committee, where it might
languish indefinitely.”
Mr. Koehler stopped all talk
of compromise and put all his
eggs in the two-judge basket.
His committee then undertook
a massive letter-writing cam
paign, soliciting letters for the
two-judge bill from all seg
ments of the community
priests, rabbis, ministers, for
mer District commissioners,
former presidents of the Wash
ington Board of Trade, bank
ers, educators and judges. Thei
letters were passed to mem
bers of the House.
Then, members of his com
mittee began contacting the
leadership of the House
Speaker McCormack, Minority
Leader Halleck, Majority Lead
er Albert —and explaining what
[the city wanted.
No Personal Criticism
Mr. Koehler made another
decision —that in dealing with
the author of the rival bill, the
granite-iike. conservative Rep
resentative J.-nes C. Davis of
Georgia, there should be no
personal criticism.
“I used to tell my frogmen.”
Mr. Koehler said the other day,
“that if you can win a battle
without shooting, don’t shoot.”
The battle, of course, was
won.
B
sidered the G.O.P.’s top vote
getter, makes no secret that he
wants some private Democratic
support before he enters the
race. Maryland’s voter regis
tration is more than 2 to 1
Democratic.
While he was in the Execu
tive Mansion, Gov. McKeldin
cultivated the Democrats with
appointments and the like
much too freely, according to
some Republican leaders.
Mr. McKeldin was busy to
day seeing how much financial
[support he would have if he
enters the race.
As the deadline for primary
filing approached, the political
situation contained the follow
ing ingredients:
G.O. P. Party Chairman D.
Eldred Rinehart said he is con
sidering making the guberna
torial race if Mr. McKeldin
doesn’t.
Mr. Rinehart said the com
mittee will support Edward T.
Miller, a National Committee
man and former congressman
from the Eastern Shore, for the
i United States Senate. Party
leaders tried to get Senator
John M. Butler to run again
but he said that for personal
reasons he won’t.
Mr. McKeldin said he felt
sure Mr. Miller will enter the
race, although he has not filed
yet. Three Republicans have
filed for the Senate—James P.
Gleason and Harry Simms,
both of Silver Spring and Wal
lace Williams of Cecil County.
Other members of the ticket
announced yesterday by Mr.
Rinehart are Martin A. Ferris
of Baltimore County, for at
torney general: W. Rae Demp
sey, jr., of Baltimore, for con
troller, and Newton I. Steers of
Montgomery County, who is a
relative by marriage of Presi
dent Kennedy, for Congress
man-at-large. Robert E. Ennis
of Prince Georges also has
filed for the Congressman-at
large nomination.
Primaries May 15
Deadline for filing is mid
night Monday. The primaries
are May 15.
On the Democratic side, the
Statewide race has shaped up l
as an administration ticket
versus an anti-administration
ticket—with Mr. Hume running
for governor without any ticket.
Gov. Tawes has a complete
ticket but the Mahoney forces
have not come up yet with a
candidate for controller.
Among other Democratic
candidates who have filed for
Statewide offices are Elbert D.
Byrd, jr., a University of Mary
land professor, seeking the
United States Senate seat, and
William Albaugh of Mount
Rainier for Congress-at-large.
A re-run of the Mathias-
Foley battle is shaping up in
the Sixth Congressional Dis
trict. Representative Charles
VIcC. Mathias, Republican, and
the man he beat in 1960, former
Represent-'.ive John R. Foley,
Democrat, both filed for nomi
nation yesterday.
Also in the Sixth District race
ire John H. Douglas, and Sid
ney Silverman, both of Mont
gomery, seeking the Democratic
nomination.