Newspaper Page Text
KATONAH TO HAVE
RADICAL COLONY,
BROOK FARM TYPE
Mrs. 31. Tuscan Bennett Going
There to Help Along
Economic Evolution.
TO LIVE IX LOG CABIN
81ie and Her Husband Will
Sell Connecticut Prop
erties to He Foot Free.
ACT, WolfK, HER MOTTO
Brooktvood School Will Get
Family's Sparc Cash in
Citizenship Cplift.
Bvrrial DrKpalrli 1o Tfl* N'rw York Hmiai.d.
Hahtforp, Conn., Pch. 8.?There art*
any number of (Inn women up lmrc in
Connecticut who cannot tret over feeling
s little scared every titue they hear the
name of Mrs. M. Toucan Bennett
"My dear," flutters a !ady who
wouldn't for the world be so mean as to
stoop to carrying tales to another lady
who Immediately would snub anyone so
tactless as to offer scandal as a tea time
polemic, "have you heard about Mrs.
Bennett?"
And right there the ultra-conservative
brace themselves but trim their ears to
catch every syllable, for they know
they're due for a tingle. They know
u win rx' a perrectly proper tingle; a
good bracing tingle that will awaken in
form; of tliern old. smothered rebellions
that hud their, beginnings back on "the
beach" when PYanpps, Day was the
smartest, strongest, most atliletic, most
defiant and altogether the most charming
youngster in the Connecticut set.
In those days she simply obeyed the
healthy impulses of her clear, keen mln 1
and therefore rode a diamond frame bicycle
as fast as a boy, pulled an our
with lads who later made their crews,
warn to the float or the island anil back
without resting and dominated by the
sheer force of her character and strcngtu
of her young muscles.
nrmme Socialistic.
So the milder spirited girls, who were
married Just about the same time Miss
Day was married to Martin Tuscan
Bennett and proceeded to become
mothers ?of splendid families
just as she did, have come
along until this day depending upon her
yet for no small amount of their excitement.
She became socialistic in her political
opinions. She became a militant
suffragist und even was arrested in
Warhlngton for participating In the
burring, Just outside the White House
grounds, of President Wilson'a speeches.
She became a trades unionist and went
about fighting for Improved working < ondltions
and pay for wage earners of her
own sex. She went Into sociology the
same way she vised to ride a bicycle and
swim and drive horses?with all the
might of her mind and body. She
preached peace when the meaning of the
word seemed to have become a mockery.
Finally she Joined the Labor Party
of the United States and, later, the
Farmer-Labor Party and ran for United
States Senator last November on that
party's ticket.
"To save my soul." she said yesterday
just before taking the train for Boston,
where the Friends of Freedom for India,
of which she is national secretary. Is
holding a ways and means conference, "I
can't see why my leaving Harford for
the Brookwood School should arouse
such interest. Mr. Bennett and I are
going to Ketonah. N. Y.?that's where
the colony or school really is situated?
not to become recluses nor to participate
in any freak movement or become members
of any queer cult. We are going
mere becuse we think we will there liable
to do more to bring about or help
bring about the political, sociological and
economic departures from the existing
order?in a normal, peaceable, orderl-'
way. Rducatlon will accomplish It. and
It Is in the interests of education that
we are going to Brookwood."
Will Live In Log Cnbln.
M. Toecan Bennett, her lawyer husband.
refused to have anything to say
about it. They Intend selling their comfortable
but not impressive Hartford
house at 12 Forest avenue, and their
country place over at Farniingtnn, and
early in the fall take up their abode In a
stanch log osNn -huge fire place, broad
book shelves, unfinished roof beams and
all?near the Brookwood School. Their
two daughters. Katherine and Frances,
already students nt Brookwood. will live
with them. The cabin has yet to be
built.
"We are not disposing of our property
because we think we shall be better citizens
or more righteous without it," Mrs.
Bennett explained to one of her friends.
"The newspapers have made us rather
absurd. What money we can afford to
dispense with we shall devote to the
education of youngsters at Brookwooo
nd elsewhere?education that will make
them better citizens; better fitted to take
part In the new order which is coming
through evolution, not bloody revolution.
Look about you to-day and you can see
It coming. It must come. The public
wants It."
Then she explained that she and her
tin* band wished to he free of eneutnher
Ing property that they might travel
wherever they desired or to any place
they n-lcht be railed or eee it field for
their political endeavors.
"Unencumbered by property we can
go any plnce, any time, unfettered by
tie* and unworrlrd br those little hontely
thing* that sometimes mnke prolonged
stays away Impossible."
Her son. M. Toecim Bennett, Jr.. will
not accompany the family to Bmokwood.
Ife is Jurt out of preparatory school and
enters ihe freshman c'as* at Wisconsin
In September. He's a sdiale of a hoy
with visions of making the varsity footbsll
team?tackle or guard preferred*
Sees Nnthlnu Freakish.
"Good Lord.'' he laughed when asked
what he thought of the family plan. "I
don't see what folks find In our scheme
to rau.-e no muoli excitement. My two
sisters are awfully glad to he down In
Katonah. They wanted mother and
lather to come down too and they r?
- olng. Personally. I'd like to go. but
/in booked fsr college for a few years.
?e-? V.Tiy. or course, J share mother's
and father's political opinions In as far
as I'm able. I'm pretty much of a kbl,
> ou see, and my education is very far
from a fang hie thing. I wk?h you felV.w
would eef |t out of your heads that
there's anything freakish about this."
"I don't tnlnd the publicity provided It
helps ihe school," Mrs. Bennett told her
friends. "But you can hardly rdame us
for resenting the sll'y insinuations thit
we are dolrg something farvttleal. Nor
i'" we gulpc In for some dllVantte fad.
We ,jre dolnr the most natural thing In
the world following our own Inclination'
Personally I believe It would he
,m Ideal World If people cou'd follow
their own Inclinations. Maybe 1 had bet
V
ter call It conviction*?follow out their |
own convictions, that's it.
"The moat reactionary champion of j
the existing capitalistic system will ad{
mit that there must be a "revision of our
human relations. The employer cannot
i continue fighting the employee and the
i employee cannot go on working unwillingly
for a man whom he considers his
natural enemy. I speak in general terms,
j you understand. We find that it will
be more compatible with our own con!
scienlces if we devote our time to doing
what can to bring about this i?veea- '
sary and wholesome readjustment, and '
that Is what we intend doing?that's t
all."
Mrs. Bennett would not admit that
| either she or her husband would Join
(lie active faculty at Brook wood School. .
The chances are that both will take n
I hand at teaching, however. Thus far
| the school, although founded in 1919. |
t>as not passed the experimental stage '
There are no fixed tuition fees; parents j
or friends of the children contributing '
u hatever they may to the maintenance.
The self-determination theory of gov
iiiiiiirui jm"vhiis, auu uinr nit- nu iwii
vents. Everybody?students and fac!
ulry?contributes work.
The Rev. William Flncke, formerly
pastor of a Presbyterian church in Man1
hattan, Is head of the_ faculty Nnd of
I the organisation In so' far as such a
loosely tied organisation may be ac- i
: cused of hivlnt a head. Mrs. Flneke is j
: one of her hu?ban<l's assistants, and she j
eomts of a wealthy family. Her sister
, is Mrs. Seth EIlss Hunt, wife of the
treasurer of the Standard Oil Company
of New Jersey.
Charles Garland, the young man who
recently achieved fame by refusing a
; legacy of $1,000,000 or thereabout, is
one of the supporters of the school. His
. two sisters are students there. There,
is a pretty well defined impression I list
Mr. and Mrs. Bennett are only two ot a j
number of prominent sociologists who
> Intend inhabiting a i-olony to he planted
near the school. Tt Is rumored that Mi
and Mrs. Garland will follow the Ben-'
nett example. As far as may be learned
just now. the colony will partake of fea- ;
turrs of Ralph Waldo Emerson's Brook
i Farm and of the various liberal colonies ,
I established from time to time in New
Jersey and Delaware by such lntelleci
tual forces as Upton Sinclair, the Fran|
cisco Ferrer School. Single Tax enthnstI
asts and so on.
Until recently the Rev. Nevin Sayre,
brother of Francis Bowes Say re, President
Wilson's son-in-law, lived at the
Brookwood School.
"So we're going to dispose of our Connecticut
properties as soon as we can,"
said Mrs. Bennett. "I shall not (to joyously,
because T love my friends here
and my associations here have been very
sweet. My associates In the Labor party
movement, in Connecticut are very dear ;
to me. I am not fond of the social
affairs or what Is generally known as j
society?that Is, of any set of people
who devote most of their time to enter- !
mining themselves and their particular
friends. That Is a wicked waste of;
time. I want to work hard and I hope j
to help somebody, I have always worked
hard at those things I believed neees- j
sary.
"Probably Mr. Bennett will find It a I
trifle harder than I. He was always :
more settled than I. But he Is fjulte as j
zealous as I am in this move we are
making. You can see that there's noth- i
ing truly remarkable in what we ore
doing. As for my own political and economic
convictions?well, I hope you will 1
not be Injured too much If r Insist that i
| they are my own affair and that I can- !
! not understand that a review of them In
j the newspapers would be of interest to
I the public."
The Hartford home of the Bennetts
j stands in u neighborhood distinguished
by the houses once occupied by Mark j
Twain, Harriet Beecher Siowe, Charles J
I Dudley Warner and Isabella Beecher
] Hooker.
JURY DEADLOCKED IN
- MINE LYNCHING TRIAL
No Sign of Verdict in Alabama
Guardsman's Case.
Hamilton. Ala., Feb. 3.?Reports of
an even division between acquittal and
conviction pervaded the court house tonight.
where a Jury was deliberating on
testimony produced at the. trial of Sergeant
Robert Lancaster, one of the nine
members of Company M. Alabama Na- |
tional Guard, charged with murder in I
connection with the lynching of Will 1
| Balrd, a coal miner, at Jasper last
month.
The Jury retired last night about 8
1 o'clock. and no evidences of an agree- I
mcnt were apparent twenty-four hour? j
later. ?
The Jury was ordered to bed to-night I
at 9:20 o'clock by Judge So we II. with j
instructions to continue Its deliberations !
i to-morrow. The Jury at that hour had j
j been locked In Its room for twenty-nine
: hours, and the foreman reported Just !
before retiring that no agreement was
In sight.
The trial started last Monday and was <
one of the hardest fought legal battles |
\ in the history of Alabama criminal procedure.
lacncaster and the other Indicted
guardsmen are members of Com- i
pany M of Tuscaloosa. who were sta- j
tioned at Townley, Walker county, on |
the date of the lynching. Hairri was
in Jail at Jasper. Walker county, held .
I as a suspect In concctton with the kill- I
ing of Private James Morris of Com- j
pany M. who. it In alleged, had slain
Adrian Northcutt. preacher-miner, and
father-in-law of Baird. The mob over- :
powered Jailer Sides, took Balrd from
prison and filled his body with bullets, i
Walker county lias been the storm
centre of the Alabama coal fields since |
; the general sttlke was called, September
7 last. Baird was the ninth man slain
In that county as n result of the strike, :
, directly and Indirectly, State officials '
have stated.
immediately after the lynching of
Balrd Investigation by State and mili|
tary authorities resulted In Company M
being ordered to barracks at Tuscaloosa.
After a special Grand Jury had
' returned indictments against the nine
I Guardsmen separate trials were de[
mended, nnd T.ancaster's case cams
I first. A change of venue was granted
to tliin county. -?
The trial of Sergeant Glenn T,.
Stephen* ha* l>een set for February 21.
BABY FARM SUPPLIED
HUNDREDS OF 'MOTHERS'
800 Waif a Entered Atlanta
Hospital in 25 Years.
spmal Pr.patrh tn Tub Nrw Tom llmum. '
Atlanta. Feb tt.?Out of the aenaa. !
tlona created In Atlanta hy the re (elation
that Mrs. K. E. A. South, a woman of I
R2. had for fourteen veara deceived her ,
huahand. making him believe hlmaelf to
be father of eleven children, Including
triplet* and two pair* of twin*, there
ha* been treated a demand In Georgia
for the pisaagc of a law for the protee]
tlon of Illegitimate children to prevent
; them from being given away "Just like ]
*o many puppies."
Thla law. to he fathered hy the State j
Public Welfare Board, will forbid the
reparation of mother and child for *l'< J
j month*.
"You denied tne the privilege of j
1 motherhood for twenty year*." Mr*. ,
' SouthAnld her huahand when naked why ;
he had decrtvd him. "I haven't done j
anything unusual." ahe added. "Many 1
women In At'anta have done the name ,
thing and their husband's don't know It." '
Mr*. M. It. Mitchell, from whose maternity
hospital the children came, amid
*he had cared for K00 children In her i
twenty-five years of practice, unfortu- I
nate 'mother* coming to Atlanta from j
every part of the t'nltcd State*. Her !
practice waa within the law. though
frowned upon by soclefles caring for !
I bnblea.
THE NE
EAGER FOR TEST OF
AIR DUEL WITH SHIP
Army and Navy Circles What
Controversy Settled by
Experiment.
THE IOWA MAY BE USED
Some Maintain Action Would
Be inconclusive, jiacKing
Defence Guns.
Washington, Feb. 6.?Army and
navy circles are clamoring for the
proposition that the controversy as to
the relative superiority of battleships
iinii aircraft be settled through actual
tests.
There is a strong likelihood, naval
officers said to-day, that the old battleship
Iowa, already fitted with radio
control gear and capable of a speed of
more than ten knots and of being
manoeuvred with no one on boaiajL
will be used ?s a target for aeria^
bombs after experiments now being
conducted on the control device arc
completed.
Another suggestion going the rounds
of the Navy Department now is that
large lighters he towed at high speed behind
destroyers or cruisers and used as
targets. Many officers believe that no
test of the ability of the aviators to lilt
naval Vessels would be conclusive unloss
the' target were moving at least twenty
knots an hour, pointing out that all
modern cruisers, battle cruisers, battleships
and destroyers and the proposed
airplane carriers have more speed than
this. If the lighters were used. It was
said, u constructive area equal ot that
of the capital surface ship would be allowed
the aviators around the lighter In'
which all hits would bo counted.
Ilelleve Hits Vnllkel*.
No test event under these conditions
VkUUlU IPU l-lll.li.-ijr rvar.uo.,1, " V
naval officers maintain, because all of
the elements.of defence would he lacking,
including anti-aircraft guns and
protective aircraft. It was generally
conceded, however, that such experiments
would give a good Idea of the
ability of the aviators to actually hit a
vessel moving on the. water.
"I am so confident." said one! high
naval officer to-day, "that neither army
nor navy aviators can hit the lowa
when she Is under way that X would
be perfectly willing to be on hoard her
when they bomb her, providing that they
were kept at the altitude they would
bo compelled to maintain In battle."
Army uviators maintain that any surface
vessel In existence to-day can be
destroyed by airplane attack, citing the
tests on the old battleship Indiana with
dummy bombs as proof of their ability
to hit the target. Navy officers assert
that It Is one thing to hit a battleship
anchored in a bay and another to hit
the same ship moving at sixteen to
twenty knots an hour far out at sea.
Challenge to Nnvy.
Hrig.-Gen. William Mitchell, assistant
chief of tha air service, recently told a
Congress committee that developments
In aircraft had spelled the doom of the
present day dreadnought. Other air
service officers are understood to have
Issued a virtual challenge to the Navy
Department to permit theni to prove
their contentions. The Navy Department
is a firm believer in the superiority of
the capital ship and, naval officers believe,
will accept the challenge In the
hope of settling the controversy, at least
for the time being.
Oeneral Mitchell has asked his superiors
In the War Department to send a
formal reauest to Secretary Daniels that
two torpedo boats, two supply vessels
and one battleship be designated for the
tests. Naval officers express the belief
that surh a request, even if made, would
be refused beeause of the large amount
of material Involved and the eost of
fitting the five vessels with distant radio
control apparatus.
KAHN INSISTS ON LIGHT
ON BERG DOLL ESCAPE
Hopes to Force Action by
War Department.
Sperigt Despatch to Tub Nbw Yosk IIeiuld.
New York Ifrruld Iturrim, I
Washington, I). C., Feb. fi. I
Congress will force the War Department
to take additional action in the
ease of Grover Cleveland Bergdoll. draft
evader, If there Is any power in the
legislative branch of the Government.
Feeling a sense of humiliation for the
American ' Army as a result of the
fantastic Incident* In which Bergdoll has
figured, to which the War Department
appears to be oblivious, members of
Congress Hre determined that more
light nhall he shed on .the manner In
which Bergdoll effected his escape after
a series of amazing legal contracts preceded
by equnlly nmazing War Department
orders.
In spite of the detailed statements
made from his point of safety in Germany.
Secretary of War Maker remains
unmoved and plainly intimates that en
far as the War Department Is concerned
the Incident Is closed.
"We -will force this matter into the
light," Representative Kahn (Oal.).
chairman of the Mouse Military Committee,
said with emphasis to-night.
"The good nante of the army is nt stake.
There is much In this case that has not
been explained, much that ought to be
explained, and. In the light of Mergdoll's
statements, ought to be explained. We
purpose to see that an explanation is
forthcoming."
Mr Kahn will press his resolution
asking for papers In the case and an
111 vat I Ration will follow.
PERSHING PORTRAIT TO
BE HUNG IN INVALIDES
It Will Bm Part of A ~.cr lean
War Exhibit.
FM11.APKLPHIA, Feb. Upon the request
of tha War Department anil the
French Government, Supreme Knight
.Tames A. Flaherty announced to-day
that the Knlghta of Columhu* hat'e darldad
to hava a apaclal portrait painted
of t>eii. John J. Farthing, commanderin-chief
of tha A. K. F.. to ha hung In
the Invalided. Faria. which contains tha
tomh of Napoleon I.
The jalntlng. Ufa sl*e. will ha the
central feature of an American war exhibit
to ha present^ to Franc# hy fhe
United States. The exhibit will <ontaln
trophlea of all arma of the service
and of all welfare organisations. A
detailed battle scene, showing K. of C.
motor kltohena In action In the Argonne
Fores# and the original K. war poster
In the, latV Balfour Karwtll, with Gen.
Fcrshlng's portrait, constitute the K. of
C. contribution to the exhibit.
The allied Governments will present
portraits of their chief commanders.
This honor from the French Government
la the highest ever awarded iin American,
as only portraits of France'* greatest
notional figures arc hung In tha Totalities.
,
W YORK HERALD, M
MAN THROWN INTO FIRE
WITH SKULL CRUSHED
CrmWMOmm Discovery Is Mad
in Louisiana.
Monro*, Iae, Feb. 3.? An unidentified
man. nude und dying, his skull crushed
| : nd his flesh burned from his waist
: down, was found to-day in the woods
near here. The man, believed by local
officers to have conn- here from Houston,
Texas, died without regaining consciousness.
Evidence that conl oil had been poured
I on his body wus found by officers and a
smoldering fire near where the man was
found indicated that he had been thrown
on it.
Tattoo marks "W. L. J." and the name
i "L. J. Coleman." a Houston hatter, on
the hat band, were the only marks of
Identification that could be found.
i CLOTHING WORKERS
! ANSWER BIG SUIT
Affidavits by Educator,
Writer and Labor Leaders
Defend Organization.
Affidavit* extolling the purposes and
' practices of the Amalgamated Clothtng
' Workers of America have been filed in
| the Bupreme Court by Samuel Seabury
! and associated counsel to lay the
foundation for the defence which the
union will make in the $500,000 damage
suit and injunction proceedings instituted
against It by the .1. Friedman
Company of till* city.
The suit brought against the union
asks that the Amalgamated he dissolved
j because It Is "an unlawful combination
and conspiracy, organized and existing
solely for preventing the plaintiff arid
I others from exercising a lawful trade;
} that the union and its agents be perpetually
and permanently enjoined and
restrained from picketing the plaintiff,"
j and that $500,000 be awarded for dam!
ages suffered by the plaintiff.
Though the papers filed by the plalnI
tift' charge the union with Communism,
i with a desire and Intention of destroyj
ing private property arid with outspoken
! sympathy for the principles of the Third
I Internationale, these charges, which
really form the basis of the suit, are referred
to only casually In the affidavits.
Most of the affidavits discuss at length
the theory of collective bargaining.
Among the authors of the affidavits
are Professors Kdwin K. A. Sellgman
and Henry R. Seager of Columbia Unl!
versity, Ray Stannard Raker, John
! Fitch. George Soule, Mrs. Florence Kelj
ley, Allen T. Rurns, Jacob M. Moses of
Raltimore and many labor leaders.
Pointing to the important reforms in
1 the administration of the clothing shops,
! the affidavits declare that the dlssolu|
Hon of the union would be a public
misfortune. They .see the return of
] the sweat shop and the other "evils of
j an antiquated Industrial system." Prof,
i Sellgman is quoted as saying: "I should
like to characterize the mere attempt
to put them on the level of the T. \V. XV.
or to cause their disruption and disappearance
as a most short sighted^ regrettable
endeavor, fraught with hazardous
consequences to the future of
American Industry and to the progress
of industrial peace."
' Ray Stannard Baker says in his affidavit:
"If the Amalgamated Clothing
Workers of America were des-royed and
broken up to-day, it would be a catastrophe
resulting in the huge growth
of radicalism in the clothing Industry."
A statement given out yesterday by
the union quotes some of the more important
parts of the affidavits ami says
that the charges of radicalism, failure
to carrv out agreements and contracts
I and l^ilarlty to tin; I. \V. W. are
I thereby "effectually punctured."
The suit by the J. Krledman Company
| was filed after the fight between em|
ployers and the Amalgamated had been
' going on for several months and most
i of the clothing shops in the city had
been at a standstill. It wus cnarged
that the workers had resorted to violence
j and that the sole purpose of the union
I was to gain control of the clothing
Industry In this city. /The leaders of the
union were charged with open advocacy
of Communism and with the intention
I of destroying the property of the manufacturers.
Specific Instances were cited.
The allegations by the rlaintiff were
similar to those in the famous Danbury
hatters' case, which resulted in
the defeat of the union.
SLUMP IN TOBACCO
PUTS END TO UTOPIA
Bagby's Profit Sharing Plan
!_ *_ IS A. 1
r am in nciuuLn^.
| Sprcial Dc*potch to Tin New York Hnum.
Lexington, Ky.. Keb. 6.?Announeej
ment was made to-day that 'Ohuuncey
C. Bagby of I>anvllle will make a volimj
tary assignment for the benefit of hie
creditors. More than $300,000 la involved
in the crash, which shatters
dreams of a (Treat Inland empire, to he
conducted on Utopian principles, which
had been the a4ne of Bajfby's life. Sev1
eral years ago he began buying land*
1 In the poorer parts of Boyle, Casey anil
Lincoln counties. Kentucky, and finally
icrpiired 5,000 acres. This lie populated
with tenants on the profit sbarlngjdan.
1 He had parctlcally a city of his own.
Tile tenants raise! tobacco. Hundreds
of people forced money on Hagby for
stock in the enterprises and he borrowed
i heavily from others. Then came the
slump In tobacco prices, and with It the
Collapse of Hagby's plans.
He has consented to turn over $134.i.000
In life insurance policies to cred|
Itors. who will keep up his premium*.
AID FUNDS LOST IN EUROPE.
Hotrod I'roseentor deceive* Many
Complaint* from Relative*.
Hp'rial f?r?|iof'S In Tub New Vobk Hbraip.
Detroit. feb fi ?More than tt,000.000
in cash, forwarded to relatives of Detroit
residents, In different parts of
Ruranc h i i br?n lost or embecsied with
In the last year, according to an estimate
by member* of the prosecutors'
atafT.
Almost every day for many month*
persona have been appealing to the
prosecutor for ai'l In recovering money
went into the famine and war torn ?n?trlcta
of the t.?ld World, hot which never
o delivered Many of the*.. peraona
hlame the trnubli to certain asencle* tn
l>etrolt which make a specialty of forwarding
money to Kurope, hut In mo*r
caaea tlieae agencies can show by record*
that the money was forwarded na directed.
Many time* the nhlpment can
bo traced to Rurope, and there It la loat.
COLLECTION PLATE BARKED.
Dunkirk Baptist Church tn Depend
on Free Will Offerings.
Sprrinl DfupHfh tn Tnr Nrw York llsaon.
IM'NKISK, N. v., Feb. * ?Relieving
that the passing of the collection plate
' In chtirch hordera on commercialism, the
congregation of the First Rriptlst Church
at a meeting last night voted to dlrconj
tlnuc the papains of the plate during
aervlcea In the church. Free ? ill offering
boxe* will he placed near the door*.
The Rev. Willi* Howell*. pi*tor of
th' chtirch, *nld the dlsrontlnunnce of
the plate passlnr practice was to abolish
' all evidence of commercialism H eon
| nectlon with religious service.
\
ONDAY, FEBRUARY 7,
INDIAN NATIONALS
DECLARE POLICY
Boycott of British Business
and Schools Will Bo Tried to
Bain Peoples' Sovereignty.
|
_
Ill-tails or the debates in tne session
of the Indian National Congress lield at
Nagpur, Central India, In December,
: have just been received in the mails by
the India Information Bureau of New
York, with the texts of resolutions, addresses,
Ac., at the congress, which have
been briefly referred to in cable advices.
. Twenty-twp thousand delegates from all
parts of India, including several thousand
women, assembled at the congress,
and decided upoii extension of the movement
now in progress, including nonpayment
of taxes its an extreme
measure.
One of the resolutions adopted amended
the constitution of the congress, so us to
secure "the attalpment of 'swaraj' (national
sovereignty) by all peaceful and
legitimate means." A significant omission
from the resolution waa the clause
referring to the use of "constitutional
I methods for the attainment of self-government
within the British Empire."
Other conferences held at Nagpur took
the general attitude expressed by the
.congress. The All-India Students ConI
ference passed a resolution in favor of
"immediate and unconditional boycott
j of the Government and tin- Government
I aided schools and colleges." Dajpat Itai
presiding at a conference held for tinpurpose
of protecting entile against
slaughter and export, declared that the
! cattle question could not be settled un
til national sovereignty was obtained.
The opening speech of the presiding
officer of the congress outlined a plan
fior the immediate boycott of British
trade. In order that the ruling power
may be "gradually exhausted" lie advocated
a- plan by which Kngllsh planters,
merchants, traders and manufacturers in
India may be faced with a scarcity of
labor. This, he maintained, would produce
national strikes of unskilled workmen
in the railway, postal and telegraph
departments.
M. K. Gandhi, leader of the movement,
in moving the resolution to amend
the constitution of the congress declared
"if India's wrongs are not redressed, and
if elementary Justice is not done, we
have no wish to retain the connection
with the empire, but if the connection
moans the advancement of India wc do
| not want to destroy It."
i Bajpat Hal. In supporting Gandhi's
resolution said the latter "gave India
the free choice of determining her own
destiny and of no more depending upon
British statesmanship, which had proved
a failure," and it meant "giving notice
that India's remaining in the empire
would be of her own free decision and
free will." I
Under another resolution unanimously
adopted, parents are to be called upon
at a later time to withdraw their children
under age from state-aided and
state-owned schools and provision is
to be made for training in national
schools. .Students of 16 are to be called
upon to withdraw from state-sided and
state-owned institutions arid either to
devote themselves to to the non-cooperation
movement or continue their
studies in national institutions. Merchants
and traders, in order to make
India economically Independent, are
j also to be called upon to carry out a
gradual boycott of foreign trade and
to oncourage native hand spinning and
hand weaving.
BRITISH BUSINESS
BECOMING NORMAL
Greater Cheerfulness Apparent
to Visiting Banker.
Frederick C. Harding. New York agent
of the Anglo-South American Bank,
r.td.. who has lust returned from a
pleasure trip to Kngland. says that although
the feeling in Kngland during the
last two months of 1530 was by no means
one of cheerfulness us regards business
conditions, there seemed a general tendency
toward greater confidence with
the advent of the new year.
"It Is true that 1921 inherited a legacy
1 of many unsolved problems, inadequate
! housing, unemployment, surplus stocks
I and reduced purchasing power," said
Mr. Harding, "but nevertheless the de!
termination to do something seems to
I have already had some effect in disI
polling the gloom and relieving the
stagnant condition into which commodity
markets had fallen. In the minds of
I many that stagnant condition was the
i most serious aspect of the closing
months of 1M0. '
"The solution of the difficulty lay in
, manufacturers and dealers boldly taking
the losses incurred on overbought
I positions, getting track to a liquid con|
dition, with balance sheets much lin'
paired In comparison with previous
I years, but yet in most cases still eub1
stantlnl enough to permit the earning
of future profits?smaller, hut less
ephemeral than those of the war tjeriod.
I "Several export credit schemes are
being considered In Kurope, as In the
I'nitcd States, for the rehabilitation of
Impecunious states, hut so far nothing
tangible seems to have resulted, and as
a permanent remedy of the situation
they aro of doubtful value. The true
remedy lies in energetic measures In the
countries concerned to set their own
financial houses In order by curtailing
expenditures ami reducing note Issues."
CANTON ABANDONS
CLAIMS TO CUSTOMS
Diplomatic Body at Pekin Opposed
Measure.
Peking, China, Feb. 6.?The Canton
' Government, in the face of the firm
stand taken by the diplomatic body here,
has abandoned Its announced intention
to seise the customs of South China,
i No nctlon will l>e taken bv the Canton
authorities pending an answer to a
formal petition to the members of the
diplomatic corps that they sanction the
release of thirteen per cent, of the sur|
plus customs forrm rly remitted to the
I southern military govertmient.
j 'A 1'eking despatch of January 27 an1
nounced that the diplomatic corps had
replied In the negative to a request by
the Canton Government that the por!
tlon of the customs revenues formerly
I aiinttn.i i? the guilt).erti Government of
Canton he released The reply declared
, th? diplomatic representative* would
p?rmit no lnlfrf?rni? with the collection
of custom* ravenucs. the Canton
'Government having Intimated that It Intended
to divert the portion of the enstome
claimed beginning February I.
[ AFGHANS ORDER MOTOR CARS.
BoMflAT. Feb. 5.?Ufa In Afghanistan
la speeding up. writes a frontier correspondent.
of the rimes of India. Three
i cartloads of motorcycle* have recent |i
arrived at .Tcllalabad for Frlnee K telr
, .tan. the Director of Commmih ath na
who Intenda to oraanlxc a despatch rider
service throughout the country.
Orders have been Issued by the Atnir'?
j 'Government for contracts to construct
macadamised road* through the country
to the capital and.for the Importaj
tlon of automobile vehicles. Firms are
j also Invited to establish woollen ntlllr
' and attgar refineries at Kabul, the cap
I Ital.
_1921.
JAPAN WILL KEEP I"
SIBERIAN PEACE
Serifs of PolitieaUChanges Kxpeeted
in Maritime I'rovinees,
Says Admiral.
tC'on-rapondence of Ataociated I'rr**.) |
Tftvm Tleo IX.?l:i the event of tlio ;
maritime province of Siberia becoming
j insurrectionary Japan is prepured to repeat
her strong measures of last spring
when the Bolshevik: were forcibly disarmed,
said Hear Admiral Kawaharu.
j who has Just returned from commanding
the Japanese naval flotilla at Vladivostok,
In an Interview with the Tokio
A'kfii Vic/ti.
"A series of political changes, expected
and perhaps unexpected, will take
place," said the Admiral, "before political
stability Is secured .11 Russia and in
the Far Eastern provinces. The Chita
I Government is all right so far as Its professed
policies are considered. Whether
such policies will bo faithfully pursued
; remains to bo seen. Kusslan Government
must be based on real democracy,
and It Inspires one with a great deal of
confidence that the present tendency is
toward that direction. '
"The Vladivostok Assembly Is no .
longer reliable, viewed from the Jupanesc
standpoint, on account of the open
declaration of the loading members that
the establishment of a buffer state was
not essential to the reconstruct I oti of
Russia. The Communists are growing
in Influence and there Is every npason to
believe that in the near future the whole
maritime _ province will also be com-,
pletely Bolshevlzed. Should thn Chita
uovsnuiieni attempt w im?n?
regions where the Japanese troops are
I stationed, tlio probable consequence will
he a repetition of the commotion caused ("
, In the vicinity of Vladivostok some time j
. ago, when compulsory disarmament of j
the Bolsheviks was carried out by the I :
Japanese troops. <
"J^o long:, however, as the Russians _
refrain from any attempt to upset the _
position now held by the Japaneso troops
at Vladivostok and the vicinity. Japan
will stand aloof from Russian Internal j
events, for she. believes that the reconstruction
of Russia will be realized with '
j less difficulty by leaving Russian affairs
to Russians."
| GRAFT ISCHARGED
! IN FAMINE FUND !
I
Situation in Lnirgo Arras Said
to Br Worst Ever Experienced
in China.
1 .Sha.nuhai, Doe. 15 (Correspondence
j of the Associated Press).?When people
,were dying by thousands and the full
1 horrors of wintertime famine began to
| be felt in the great belt of seven prov!
lnces In northern China, where no harI
vests have been gathered this year. Ohlj
nese newspapers that are printed in the
i international Settlement of Shanghai
! openly published the charge that mimi?>
> was being made of famine relief funds
by Peking Government officials.
| One of these papers, the Si a Wan Pan. 1
' asserted thut famine relief funds were !
being diverted to the uses of a political j
I clique at l'ekiug. and the paper urged
| that the strictest foreign and Chinese su'
pervislon he 'Imposed upon distribution
I of funds.
It was after these charges hail been
made public that the Shanghai Famine
Relief Association and the Shanghai j
1 Missionary Association telegraphed ntes- j
sages to Peking In connection wSUi
famine relief work,
Jn the messages of the Shanghai
Famine Relief Association addressed to -
ivssiaeni. linn emu-" nans m- vjr?>?i_
mcnt was asked to announce without delay
a definite policy for carrying out
famine relief work The telegram emphasized
that the < harit.ihfe public, both
Chinese and foreign, require a cleur
statement from the Government as to
what steps it Intends to take to meet
present conditions In the north, und it
was made plain that immediate action
was cxpeeted.
Measures the Peking Government
adopted to obtain fumine funds included
surtaxes of certain kinds and Increased
railway fares on Government lines.
The message that was forwarded by
! the Shanghai Missionary Association
was addressed to the British and Ameri- 1
1 can ministers and requested them to
urge the Chinese Government to issue'
an early report on famine relief surtaxes,
and Intimate how and when the
funds will he employed.
. Before the message was authorized a
report on renditions in famine areas
was given by Bishop .1. W M.imliuth of
, the Board of Missions of the Methodist
ICplseopal Churcli. Me said that not
. only are the people trying to subsist on
gr.is- and roots, having denuded the
trees of leaves and bark, but in places
they scraped up growing thtngs to such
an extent that tie Ids are left torn up
behind them. Chlhfron. lie said, have
vanished from many villages, as they
have been sold or killed, and added that
i so many have been thrown Into wells
; that many of these sources of water
supply have become polluted. Whole
populations, ho assorted, will perish bofore
May unless Immediate aid is forth'
coming. Reports that have come to
, Shanghai front Widely separated districts
(five basis to the belief that the present
famine i? the worst China lias ever ex]
porienoed.
JAPAN. HAS 'DON'T' LIST
AGAINST CRIME WAVE Citizens
Warned Against
Wiles of Thieves.
Corrrtttondcnre of th Associated Press.
ToKlo. l>eo. JO. ? At liio itt'l Of tlie
; year the police issued tie ir customary
j warn In if to the cltlfem These consist *
of ten "Don'ts," and the police advise
! thst on arrount of "hard times" more
' than the usual attention should be paid i
j this year to their iidmottiiIons.
Tlie following are the polios "Iton'ts":
1. If no mombor of the faintly remains j
at home, don't go out without seeing
that your house Is tvell Incited.
2. I>on't neglect to lock up early.
3. When In the tramcars or In the
ttildst of a crowd do not fall to see that
I your purse is safely ensconced In one of
your Intisr poo Vets.
4 When making any payments, don't
show those around vou how much you
i have In j*nur purse.
H. ?nen osrrytns nnymini vhiimdip,
don't choose routes where truffle in IIrM.
d Don't s<md women or children for
j money from the bunk* or with money
! to the hank*
7. Don't leave bicycles or packages
outside the entrances of doors.
a. Don't iwrrhiw Roods from stranse
peddlars.
H. Don't aenil your office boys with
articles ordered by customer* whom you
do not kn>>y\ well. i
in. A* soon as you nre victimised hy
robbers, Impostors, hurfhirs or pickpockets,
drm't forset to report the matter
to the neatest poltoe station Immediately.
m
I i
V
Park'I
FOREIGN BANKIN<
56 Wall Stree
Capital (fully pa\
Surplus and Undividt
BRANCHl
Shanghai Tokio
Pari* San Franc
, 46K?fer5AN^NC,sc^
5 HANG HA' AQQTBMNW OFFfd
Transactions i:
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Accepts
Transfers oi
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Financing of For
OFFIC1
Charles A. Hold
T. Fred Aspden,
E. B. MacKenzie, Sect
South Africa
D
5QQ
^branches/ ma k
> ^ africa ( the
/ J gooc
> \ f 000,
y_. ,, SI 7(
raw and semi-manufactun
$165,000,000. Each of thes
or potential purchaser of
ment.
Because of 500 branch
portant commercial cent
ample resources and an <
familiar with the many ]
business, the National Bar
render superior service to
seeking to extend their act
NATIONAL BANK f
LIMIT
New York Office, 10 Wall St.
Total Resources Exc
BOMBAY LONDC
Through
70 Branches
From the time when the raw material
is shipped from its source to
the factories for manufactuie,
until as a finished product it is
transported to all parts of the
globe, modern ctmmerce and industry
are dependent on intei
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??' in nun cooperation
and development the
Banco Nacional Ultiamarino, one
of the oldest institutions of its
kind in the world, has rendered
efficient service for more than
half a century. The facilities of
our 70 branches, reaching all important
countries, are available
through/ our New York Agency.
BANCO NACIONAL
ULTPAMAtflNO
New York Agency, 93 Liberty Street
.Joseph McCurrach, Agent
Head Office: Lisbon, Portugal
More Than
30 YEARS
n Export Banking
INTIMATE KNOWLEDGE
* of the needs and habits
of the people, acquired by
years of experience and
actual residence in the
countries themselves, is essential
when transacting
business abroad.
;.T Rrnnche? in Soullt trnprica
(Jnr Rranch in .Ifrxiro
9 Oflicen in Europe
^NCLO-SOUTH AMERICAN
'Bank, limited
New Yrtk Agency, 4() Broadway
11:
V
15
JNION
J CORPORATION
t, New York
id), $4,000,000
?d Profits, $754,000
:s aV
Yokohama
iiico Seattla
ANAOA 'V <PA&I
n Exchange
ers of Credit
1 Credits
is and Cheques
mces
f Money
Collateral for the
eign Business
ERS
er, President
Vice-President
retary & Treasurer
s Industries
URING the last four
years 2,000 new fac?s
have been opened in
Union of South Africa,
:ing a total of 6,000.
se factories produce
is to the value of $297,000
annually, represent
rapital investment of
),000,000 and consume
:d products 'valued at
;e industries is an actual
factory plant or equiples
located in the imres
of South Africa,
organization completely
lines of South African
rk of South Africa can
American business men ?
ivities into this region.
SOUTH AFRICA
CO
R. E. Saunders, Agent
eed $430,000,000
ON ANTWERP
%
Established
1855
BREITUNG
AND
COMPANY
INCOHPORATKD
7 & 9
t I - ^ .
iianover ?t.
Banking in France
and Belgium
Our close relations with Lloyds
nd National Provincial Foreign
Bank, Ltd., enable us to
offer complete banking facilities
throughout France and
Belgium. Branches in Cairo
and Alexandria, Egypt,
throughout Morocco and West
Africa, f-pecial facilities for
handling transactions in Tunia
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Our Xrw Ymk Aq**si
innte* i'lfuiry.
BANK OF
BRITISH WEST AFRICA
New Yom Office, 100 Better Street
Agents.
R. R. Arri KRY ROWLAND SMITH
lies) Office: London.
y
