The New York herald. [volume], July 17, 1921, Page 2, Image 2

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country.
De Valera. Arthur Griffith
and other members of the Irish delegation
took a long ride in the country,
returning to the Grosvenor Hotel in
time to find Desmond Fitzgerald, one
time Sinn Fein Minister of Publicity, released
from the Curragh interment
camp yesterday, who had arrived to
resume his duties.
The British Government ordered the
release of Fitzgerald three days ago,
but the order only became effective last
night. Nevertheless his release was
greeted as one of the most effective
guarantees of the British Government's
desire for peace, as Fitzgerald In his
time was one of the most "wanted" men
ever at liberty In Dublin.
To-morrow the Catholic members of
the Irish delegation will attend high |
mass at St. George's Cathedral, SouthwarU
where ArchblshoD Amlgo. a great
friend of the Sinn Keln, will conduct
the service. These delegates carefully
avoid Westminster Cathedral, where
Cardinal Bourne, an Englishman of decidedly
unfriendly Sinn Fein politics,
presides. Protestant members of the
delegation have had three choir stalls
reserved for them at choral communion
service in St. Paul's at 10 o'clock.
IRISH NEGOTIATIONS
MARKED BY SECRECY
Hope in De Valera-Craig~
Lloyd George Meeting.
By the Associated Press.
London, July 16.?Eamonn de Valera's
proposal and the nature of Sir
James Craig's conversations with Premier
Lloyd George remain closely
guarded secrets. There was no conference
between the British Prime Minister and
the Irish Republican leader to-day. Mr.
de Varera will visit Mr. Lloyd George
probably Monday afternoon, and In some
quarters It is predicted that a three
party conference may be held Tuesday.
A hopeful feeling generally prevails
regarding the progress of the negotiations
for an Irish settlement.
What is happening behind the scenes
in the consultations of the Irish parties
is screened by what Sir James termed
"a rigid silence." He used this phrase
In explaining to interviewers his belief
that everything depended upon the way
the question was handled.
"The slightest Indiscretion or misrepresentation,"
he eald, "may easily cause
Incalculable harm. What will best aid
the attainment of peace is for every one
concerned to withhold comment outside
of c il cm :. "
' >n of the Ulster
Pr-r. . an rues is believed
to re*'. c i - ope for the unemb...'
. < of the Downing
Strc* conver* .. which .it is
Sir ,t .. In on Monday.
The 1 'aleru hcauquarters was bombarded
to-(Jay with requests for comment
on various published reports as to
terms, concrete proposals and decisions
alleged to have been made during the
talks on the peace question already held,
but to all inquirers the official rejoinder
was :
"We are pledged to Becrecy. These
reports are pure fabrications out of the
minds of their writers and are wholly
unwarranted."
TRUCE IS WELL KEPT,
SAYS SINN FEIN LEADER
Discipline of Irish People
Seen in Good Order.
DrBT.tN^, July 16.?Eanion Duggan,
chief Sinn Fein liaison officer with the
British military authorities, declared today
that the truce which began last
Monday had been well kept on both
siqps. A ifw linnurnw in unnnrn ft aim
ether localities on the part of the police
were against the spirit of the truce,
he said, hut orders Issued at military
he ciquarters would prevent a repetition.
Commenting upon the conference between
Earnonn de Valera and Prime Minister
Lloyd George, the Irish Bulletin
declared:
"If a peaceful settlement should be ,
denied, the Irish people will resume |
armed resistance to foreign domination.
They possess the will, and, by endurance, 1
the power to bring their flght eventually
to success."
Referring to the observance of the i
truce the newspaper said It proved i
"there is in the nation that discipline
and obedience to authority which Is the i
essence of successful self-government i
The surprise expressed by English news- ;
papers that the truce was kept arises <
from the Inability to understand the realities
of the situation which the Brit- i
lah press consistently has displayed."
Desmond Fitzgerald, Sinn Fein Min- i
ieter of Pro-pag-inda, was released from ;
the Curragh internment camp last night,
where he had been confined for more ,
than three months without a charge be- |
lng preferred against him. Fitzgerald ,
was told his release was by the desire ,
nt the Sinn Fein leaders, and that ho I
was to go to London. He left for that
city this morning
J. R. Etchlngham, Sinn Fein member
of the British House of Commons for
the Easf Division of Wlcklow, acknowledging
to-day the congratulations of the
Wexford County Council on his return
to that county, said none of those with
whom he was associated liked secret
negotiations, but that, they were considered
a necessary preliminary. He declared
he would say nothing regarding the
eutlook except tnat the country never
was In a stronger position than to-day,
and whatever the Immediate result
might be the complete freedom of Ireland
was coming
BR!AND WOULD SUPPORT
TROOPS IN SILESIA
Urges Britain and Italy to
Send Reenforcements.
Bu the Associates Frets.
Paris, July It?Premier Bri&nd has
ent a note to the British and Italian
governments proposing the sending of i
reenforcement to the allied troops In Upper
Silesia In order to assure respect for
the decisions of the Allies under the
Tr -nty of Versailles before the convening
of Ihe Allied Supreme Council.
~ , V 'n--h ? "*> ??s?dor In Berlin at
lh> truoted to call ?h?
in Government to
tude of the large
coatli -t i defence troops unI"
v ! -htch are remalnl??
In Upper *Ue?t?
Bjl th? AnonUtttd Brtt*.
yir.m.jN, July II.?The representatives
of the American Chambers of Commerce
now here had a consultation with the
president of the Berlin Chamber of Commerce.
The latter advanced arguments
In favor of mitigation of the peace
terms, the assignment of Upper Silesia
Intact to Germany and the granting of
a large long term loan for stabilisation
of the mark.
DISARM SEEN AS MOVE
TO PREVENT JAP WAR
Spanish Paper Says Harding
Realizes Menace.
Mamid. July 111.?Discussing the disarms
ment conference sought toy Presl- 1
dent Harding. El Sol to-dty says:
"Raising the question of disarmament
Is merely a pretext for finding the best
way to prevent an armed conflict between
Japan and the United States. The
danger of such a confllot Is clear to '
everybody, and many think it Inevitable,
but President Harding Is trying to pre. 1
vent Its happening.'
\
LEAGUE CONTINUES I1
PLANS TO DISARM
To Carry 011 Programme '
as if President Had Not !
Invited Parley. ]
WILL PREPARE REPORT !
j? uiunign u? JJU OIUIUIUH*U
to Assembly at Geneva
in September.
FISHER URGES PRUDENCE
Mixed Commission, Welcomed
by Viviani, Organizes to
Begin Duties.
Special Cable to Tub Nbw Yobk Uksald.
Copyright, Jill, bg Tub Nbw Yobk Hbbald.
New York Herald Bureau, )
Paris, July 16. I
The League of Nations Disarmament
Commission headed by Rene Viviani,
former Premier, to-day decided to
carry on its programme Just as if
President Harding had not issued invitations
to a conference on that subject
at Washington, evidently hoping
to gain recognition and reflected glory
by having some Government furnish
data and a suggested solution to the
Washington conference obtained frOm
the deliberations of M. Viviani's commission.
However, this will have to be negotiated
carefully, as the League of
Nations officials are convinced that the
United States representatives at the
Harding conference would refuse even
to consider anything bearing the
League of Nations trade mark. But '
as one league official said to-day at the
conclusion of the first session, "There i
is nothing to prevent the British Gov- !
ernment from submitting the result 1
of the league's labors without mentioning
the source, and if this is successful
it would in Itself be a justification
for the league's existence as an
organization for promoting conferences
and carrying on academic investigations
in problems which the
Governments themselves might try to
Bettle."
Laying the Groandnork.
The present conference, moreover, will
only lay the groundwork, appointing
new committees to draw up the reports
to be submitted to the Governments as
well as to the League of Nations Assembly
at Geneva September 6. Some
league experts even believe that the
work on the disarmament question
might lead to President Harding's approval
of the League of Nations activities
in connection with his plan for an
association of nations.
A suggestion that the commission
give the impression not only of associating
Itself with President Harding's
initiative, but actually being the first
organisation to have completed an exhaustive
study of all phases of disarmament
for the benefit of the conferees at
Washington, came from H. A. L. Fisher
of Great Britain. Nevertheless the commission
practically admitted the league's
inability to settle the armaments question.
Mr. Fisher expressed the hope
that the question of naval disarmaments
would be referred to Washington, but i
urged extreme prudence an far aa handling
land armamenta was concerned,
inasmuch as this problem cannot be
solved by the league aa long as Russia
and Germany are not members of the
league and the latter's loyalty ta still
questioned.
M. Vivlanl's address of welcome
stressed the fact that the delegates to
this conference were not appointed by
the Governments and were not acting
In any binding capacity, and therefore
their activities did not conflict with
anything President Harding might have
In mind. He declared that he was not
surprised by President Harding taking
the initiative In behalf of the "great,
powerful and generous American nation,
and we are certain that our labors cannot
but be taken into consideration by
the Governments."
Opposed to Minimising.
fe'lgnor Carlo Schanzer, the Italian
delegate, expressed sympathy with the
Harding plan for solving the disarmament
problem, l>ut. like Mr. Fisher, he
warned his colleagues not to go too fast.
He also insisted that the league's connection
with the movement should not
me minimised, tlio > ommiesion fulfilling
Its mandate strictly as laid down by the
lenruo
The commission has practically de- ! (
elded to prepare reports on the general 1 <
political elements which are preventing <
disarmament, together with accurate
statistics of both present and pre-war ,
armaments of all nations, aa well aa i
a series of proposed solutions, such as ]
limitation by budget methods, whloh already
has been declared not to be feasible
by military experts, and also the ]
restriction of private manufacturers, <
such as the Krupps, Armstrong-Vlckers (
and Schnelder-Creusot. I
The view expressed by delegates in ,
their remarks was that while the United |
States was declining contact with the \
league of Nations the forthcoming conference
In Washington would find Itself
obliged to consider such conclusions as t '
the League's Commission might pre- i
pare
The tendency In French circles to eon- |
aider the league's disarmament commls- I
(tea useleas In view of the proposed
Washington conference was deprecated
v.. .V,. <V,.? (V, ml..I,..,-.,
work In no way prejudices what any
other deliberative body may do. and the '
suggestions made thai M Vlvlanl's work
on the commission would make him a
likely representative of France In Washington
In case Premier Brland should '
be unable to go.
Will Conform to Covenant.
Mr. Fisher In an address approving
M. Vlvlanl's statement said :
"If the Washington conference should,
as must be hoped, reach an agreement,
that agreement certainly would be In
conformity with Article XXI. of the
covenant of the league. This commission
also should express great satisfaction
with ths action taken by President Har- j
ding, w#.lch, far from being In opposition
to the general Idea of the league, la, on
the contrary, In full conformity with Its
spirit."
The members of the commission are:
Appointed by the Council?Rene Vivian!.
France; Dr. Rlvas Vicuna, Chile; H.
A L. Fisher, Oreat Britain; Senator
Cnrlo Rchanser, Italy; M. Tatsuke, Japan;
former Premier HJalmar Brantlng,
Sweden.
From the Permanent Disarmament
Commission?Capt. Penldo. Brasll; Admiral
Sir Somerset A. Oough Calthnrpe,
rirata* nrttaln Rear Admiral Marmils
4* Alaaai. Hpaln, Marshal Fayollr. ,
THE
GIBBS PREDICTI
BORN IN PREfr
Continued from Firtt Page.
which gave but doubtful blessing to
that patchwork treaty, but which was
wistful of a spirit nobler than its
terms. Those 'words were not to the I
liking of Mr. Lloyd George, who had
to stand the racket of what had been J
done, and for a time, I am told, there
was coolness between these two men, !
though once Lloyd George had made
Hen. Smuts his friend and counsellor.
Now Gen. Smuts has come into his
3wn again, as he was bound to do
jecauso of his shining clarity of intellgence,
his utter honesty of purpose
ind his noble persuasiveness in the
:ause of human tolerance. Without
iny reservations or diplomatic subtlc;ies
he said: "Peace must be made in j
Ireland for the sake of justice and our <
mnarinl nrestice The nrolilnm is flif
fleult, but It can be solved."
He stood above party conflict and
rruel bigotries. No pettyfogging poltlclans
will be able to poison his mind
3r obscure the clear purpose of his
rision, and there are men in England ;
to-day in high places as well as low
who say: "He is the man we were
looking for. Why not make Smuts
jur next Prime Minister? A Boer educated
at Cambridge and in arms
igginst us in South Africa is hardly
iesigned to be Prime Minister of England,
but stranger things have happened
in history."
Would Knd Dirty Civil War.
But now what of Ireland? I have
a passionate hope in my heart that
peace may come after these years of
lirty civil war, this agony to women
and children, this disgrace to the finest
lualities in both, damaging to our
reputation in all the world. But
there are still evil forces at work on
both sides which will endeavor to
break all chances of success of negotiations
with age long prejudices and
traditions, not too evil perhaps, but
stubborn and irreconcilable, which
were ciuickly mobilized to intervene.
Let me analyze a little all this psyrhology
that has been at work in these
tLai, xuvv uaya ai icr i reinier ujuyu
George's letter was received by De
Valera. ?
One side is simple enough. An immense
and pathetic hope has been
stirred in the hearts of the Irish people
who belonged to the non-combatmt
ranks and were the victims of the
guerilla war which endangered their
lives and property and surrounded
them with terror. To them exploits of
the Sinn Fein army were as dangerous
is retaliation by British forces. They
stood to lose either way between two
fires. Their nerves were torn to tatters
and they suffered from soul shock.
So at the first hint of a truce they
irayed God to give them peace, and as
i sign of reconciliation and hope they
fraternized with the British troops,
ivho hated the work they were ordered
to do and the hostility of the people
vith whom they had no cause to quar el,
except for an enemy in disguise
imong them threatening them always
with secret death if ever they should
walk alone.
Intellectuals Back Sinn Fein.
The main body of the Irish people
s not, I am sure, against a reasonable
ompromise, but the leaders and devo- 1
tees of republican claims are profoundly
perturbed. At the first hint
>f peace negotiations they were afraid
that De Valera himself might yield to
persuasion and for the sake of ending
jloodshed might surrender his republi:an
ideals. There are still many of
hem who would regard such a sur ender
as treachery to their dead, and
.vho refuse to accept full Dominion
tome rule as anything but an instalnent
toward a republican state. They
ire irreconcilable to any form of comiromise,
to any link whatever with
3reat Britain, to any form of governnent
which does not give them absolifp
Krtvpr^lirn nnwpr *
These are not gunmen, but Intellectuals
of the Sinn Fein, priests and
iterary men who have been the real
iplrit behind the guerilla warfare, fanling
its ttros. As far aa the Irish republican
army Is concerned, I believe
nany of these hoys who were conscripted
under terror would willingly
ay down arms, but there are many
ilso, I am told on good authority, who
ire prepared only for fighting with
latred in their hearts and will not
jasily be demobilised.
Prance; Major-Gen. Giovanni Marletti,
italy; Gen. Isagakl, Japan.
From the Provisional Economic and
Financial Commission?Economic secdon:
Dem Jancovlcl, Rumania; Prof,
Benin!. Ttaly. Financial section: Str
lames Rrungate. India; Albert Janssnn,
Belgium.
From the International Labor Bureau
?Employers' group: M. F Hodacs,
'aeeho-Slovakia: Mr. Langkjaer, Dennark.
Thomas Findley, Canada. Labor
<roup: Leon Jouhaux, France: M. J.
"Midegeest, Netherlands; Mr. Thorberg.
Sweden.
In the commission six naval, military
md aerial experts represent Japan,
Spain, Braall, France. Italy and Great
Britain.
Article XXI. of the covenant of the
eague. referred to by Mr. Fisher, reads:
"Nothing In this covenast shall lbe
ieemed to affect the validity of Internndonal
engagements such as treaties of
irbitrstlon or regional understandings,
Ike (he Monroe Doctrine, for securing
the maintenance of peace."
AMERICAN MERCHANTS
VISITING GERMANY
Members of Chamber of Commerce
Seek Information.
Fptcial Cable to Tit* Nirw Yobs Hst?t.r>.
rop\/rioht. 1011, hi/ Tit* Nbw Yoik llrtutn.
New York Hcrnld Unrron, )
Berlin. July 111. (
Members of the American Chamber
' ( Commerce, Including J. H. De Frlea of
Washington, John Fahey, former prcsldent
of the chamber; Silas Strawn of
Montgomery. Ward A Co., and Wdward
A. Fllene of Boston, director of the International
Chamber of Commerce, have
srrlved here. They announced that they
are making a visit aa private citizens
and business men seeking Information
on general economic conditions.
Their presence lit the first concerted
ffort of American business organisations
to get first hand Information on European
conditions, and follows Mr. Fllsne's
visit last year when he was making a
?tudy of conditions during a Kuropean
tour. The delegation has come from the
sessions of the International Chamber of
Commerce at London, and la visiting
the American forces at Coblenjt and business
circles In Frankfort.
It was announced at the German Foreign
Office that the visitors Intend to
remain here four days, proceeding Monday
to Prague and thence to Vienna, returning
to th# United Ptatee througu
Francs. \
NEW YORK HERALD
> A NEW ERA,
HERS' PARLEY
Of De Valera's sincere desire for
ieaoe I have never been In doubt, be ause
I know friends of hla who assured
me of that some time ago and
rave me certain Information that he
would accept Dominion home rule If It
were fully guaranteed and If UlBter
would consent to an ultimate union
with the rest of Ireland. Ulster Is
still, as it alwaya,haa been, the rock
jpon which an IrlMi settlement has
split In twain. The Ulster leaders
would not abate one Jot for a compromise
during the national oonvenion
In 1917.
As soon as the King made his speech
n Belfast and Premier Lloyd Qeorge
wrote his letter to Bir James Craig
he old Ulster leaders came from their
airs to refuse any concession to the
"'otViAlln Iwiuh unrl TTlutor mnhn ohflgftrl
:hrlr hereditary enemies out of house
tnd home, shipyards and factories.
Last week sinister ideas were expressed
by men of narrow vision and
mrrower hearts. The Orange fanatics
rowed that they would clear all papists
>ut of tiie six counties of Ulster and
et the southwest play about with the
pegotlations, which would never succeed.
Then when the negotiations
iroke down they would "get it in the
pock" from a stronger army of occupation.
As an Irish friend of mine
emarked, "The Orangemen like to see
Catholic rebels punished and have conIdence
in their political friends in
England."
i^o doubt there are still hard faced
politicians in England whose hatred
pf Ireland is so gTeat that they would
prefer Irish peace to' be broken in
prder to give an excuse for a new campaign
of conquest, but I think that is
i libel on the main body of opinion in
ho House of Commons as well as In
he country, and that England as a
vhole is ready to go the whole way to
lominion home rule with the most
irdent desire to end the strife In Treand
and to Insure a permanent friendship
with the Irish pepple at all costs
his side of & republic. Their great
'ear at the very beginning of the
legotlations was that Ulster would
strain nrovo the stumbling block, and
hat De Valera was refusing to face
'acts when he kept on repeating that
Jlster must submit to the decision of ,
he Irish majority. ,
Only One Chanee of Iflih Union.
I can see only one chance of a union i
-stween these two sections of Irish
)eople, and that is economic nec^ity.
\s I stated last week, Ulster has been
jard hit in her trade by the boyoott .
rom the rest of Ireland and by the '
'all of her export trade. Her banks ;
ire in a perilous state despite optimlsic
declarations, as I am informed,
ind political independence will cost her
rery dear.
Beyond that I can say nothing in
>rophecy of success for the Irish con'erenoe,
though if the good will of
.Iritish people in all parts of the cmlire
would secure it success is assured.
3y prayers the simple folk in all
:hurches and homes are beselging
leaven itself for peace on that island,
vhere there never has been peace for
lomething like a thousand years.
Elsewhere there are efforts for peace
vithin and without the British Empire,
rhe imperial Premiers and British
itatesmen have been clarifying their
deals about the Anglo-Japanese aliance,
and I can say wKhout any doubt
whatever that if that is renewed it will
ie in such a way that it will have the
ipprobation of the United States, as
veil as of Canada and Australia, for
lafeguarding the Pacific waters. That
s the determination of the whole
British people and no Government will
>e allowed to disregard it.
For the sake of our Mohammedan
elations we are endeavoring very
arnestly to secure a pact with Turkey
n a union with French and Italian i
nfluenee and without betraying essen- i
ial Oreek interests and rights. It is i
lot an easy problem to solve and is 1
nuch complicated, but Turkish friendihip
with Bolshevist Russia, which is
irovidlng Mustapha Kemai with arms
Lnd ammunition and is intriguing very
langerously against the British Km- ,
>ire in Afghanistan. That is our chief |
nenace at the present lme, for the Molammedan
world is unsettled and 1
native and we hold it only by tradi- 1
ions. Justice and the white prestige, 1
vhich is still strong though thai- 1
enged.
SZECHENYI'S COUSIN
WEDS IN PRISON CAMP j
Takes Russian Princess as |
Wife in Double Ceremony. J
Warsaw, July 16.?News of the marlag
e in Moscow of Count Bsechenyl, a |
ieuienant in the Hungarian cavalry. I
vho is still being held a prisoner by the ]
JoUnevikl, to Princess Golicyn, a mem>er
of one of the oldest Russian fami- ,
les, has been received here. Count
Sjechenyl is a cousin of Count Lazto '
'zechenyi, who married Miss Gladys
lranderbiit of New York.
At the beginning of the war he was a (
laUUMMlt in the Hungarian cs-. ilrj and
was taken prisoner by the Russians on '
he Oalielan front In 1916. He is about
T years old.
Details of the wedding were brought
:o Warsaw by Dr. Slgmond Jancsura, 1
'ormerly a dentist In Detroit. Mich., who '
lerved In the Polish army, was captured !
jy the Boishevikl and released from the
Moscow prison early In June.
The romance had Its inception prior '
:o the world war while the young woman
was visiting In Constantinople near
where Count Ssechenyfs rather has a
eslace and a vast estate. Princess
lolicyn returned to Russia several years
igo upon learning that Count Siech*nvl
whs a prisoner, and since has been '
ndesvoring to aid In gaining his free)om
and sending him food whenever
josslble.
It is no easy matter to arrange a i
narrlage by a prisoner In a Bolshevist
trlson camp. Month after month the
lovlet authorities refused to give their
onsent. When It was obtained the cere- ,
uony was first performed by a Soviet
:ommlssar and afterward a religious
narrlage was performed in a Oreek
Orthodox church In Moscow. Although
he Count had many friends among the
irlsoners, none was allowed to attend
:ne worming.
Instead of a friend as beat man, there
urns a Bolshevik soldier (niard. The
?ount, with four armed soldiers at his
ildes, marched through the walled
trlson uate to the commissar's office,
vhere he met hla bride, attended by several
girl friends. The Coifht wora the
lame prison garb which he had worn
lor months.
Immediately after me church service
he Count wsa marched back to prison,
tin bride accompanying him to the
jrlson Kates. The next morning the
>rldc was permitted to visit her hus>and.
and with the Count> prlaop
VlendB, sat down to a wedding breaka*t--a
wedding breakfast of black
tread and Imitation coffee and hot |
rater. j
, SUNDAY, JULY 17
TRACKLESS TORPEDO
THREATENS NAVIES
Driven by Electricity,
Avoiding Bubbles That Betrayed
Air Power Missiles.
JArS BUILD A MODEL
Jutland Battle's Outcome
Different Had German
Device Been Beady.
REVISES NAVAL TACTICS
First. Warning Is Explosion
When Vessel Is Hit by
Undersea Menace.
Special Cable to Tub New Yobk Hbkai.d.
Copyright, ail, by Thb Nbw York Herald.
New York 11 ? raid Korean, 1
London, July l?. )
An lnvantion which will seriously
complicate naval warfare programmes
Is being developed by more than one
sea power, Including the Japanese. It
Is the trackless torpedo. It is a torpedo
Bhooting to its mark without leaving
a telltale wake on the surface, such
as is caused by the air bubbles set up
by the swift passage of the ordinary
torpedo through the water.
The bubbling wake often enabled
ships being attacked to' avoid the.
deadly blow by prompt alteration of |
their courses. To realize what the |
Invention means one has only to study j
the reports of naval actions during i
the war and to read again the stories
of those under torpedo fire. Nearly all
of them mentioned the "white track of
the torpedo."
At the battle of Jutland perhaps a
dozen of Admiral Jellicoe's ships were
able to save themselves from torpedoes
by a timely touch of the helm as soon
as the streak of bubbles betrayed the
approach <md direction of the torpedo.
The same thing occurred before that at
the battle of Dogger Bank when Admiral
Beatty's flagship, Lion, avoided
torpedoes by changing Its course.
The Germans claim to have flred during
the war 5,000 torpedoes from Uboats,
with 50 per cent. hits, and if they
had used trackless torpedoes, the percentage
would have been 80 per cent,
hits at least.
Jolllcoc Tells Experiences.
Admiral Jelllcoe in his book says:
"When the experience of Jutland showed
that under favorable weather conditions
the track of German torpedoes was visible
for some distance, great care was
taken to avoid all mention of this in
despatches, so that future use could be
made of the fact."
But the Germans knew this handicap
and had already devlBed a type of torpedo
which would run under the surrace
without leaving a discernible track, and
this was In the experimental stage at
the time of the armistice.
The naval expert for The New Yokk
Herald is able to giye to the public the
tlrst details of this weapon and its development.
The trackless torpedo Is propelled
by electricity and not compressed
air, und therein lies the secret. With
the old torpedo the air was exhausted
through the propeller shaft and rose to
the surface In largo bubbles, which made
a track. With electric propulsion there
Is no exhaust and consequently no conspicuous
track.
The Germans tried out late In 1918
a torpedo of 20.18 inches diameter which
would travel at a speed of twenty-eight
knots, with a range of 2,000 yards. This
Is considerably under the range of the
the work In most cases. Special storage
batteries were manufactured by the Accumulator
Kabrik of Berlin and a special
type of light, high speed motor was designed
by the Slemens-Halske firm.
Trlnl Trips Prove Sncreulnl.
The trials were very successful. The
torpedo ran straight and true without a
perceptible track, the first notice, of the
approach being given by the explosion us
It hit its target.
The early model was regarded as a
Beginning, and the Germans were working
on one of 25 inches diameter With
a range of 10,000 yards, which they floured
would Increase the efficiency of the
U-boats fifty per cent.
The secret was well kept, but members
nf the AlHed "Naval Missions scented Jt
nut. Previously, however, tracRless torpedoes
had been designed by Frnnce and
England, but not built. The Japanese
Bse now known to be giving much attention
to this subject and are reported to
nave produced at the Kure arsenal electric
torpedoes with a speed of thirty,
knots and a range of 8,000 yards.
Experts say that the new torpedoes
will exert an Influence upon naval ta > |
tics quite as much as upon torped >e? !
themselves. A British flag officer who I
fought at Jutland, speaking to The New j
Fork Hfrai.d correspondent, said :
'The trackless torpedo isn't a novelty
In the sense that It was unforeseen or
unexpected. We have always known it
to be inestimable in value, but happily
for us the Germans were late with it.
Wad they used such torpedoes early in
the war our naval and mercantile losses
might have been doubled, and we certainly
would have lost more ehlps at Jutland."
Among the American ships attacked
ind saved by the wake of torpedoes were
the Florida and the Delaware in February,
1918, and the Arkansas July 28,
1918. In each of these cases the torpedoes
were aeen approaching and were
avoided.
POLISH RACIAL MAP
FOUGHT IN GERMANY
Nationalists Try to Prevent
Jts Circulation.
Bpe-tnl Cahlt In Th? Nkw York Hatutr
Copt/right, Ittl, by Tm? New York Hcmi.D.
New York Herald Bureau, )
Berlin, July 18. I
The Nationalists are trying to pre
vent the circulation of a new racial man
showing Tollah majorities In eastern
Germany, which has recently been published
by Perthes, prominent map publishers
of Gotha. This inap shows that
racially upper Btlesla. except large city
conglomerations, la largely Polish and
also parts of Kaet Prussia, which voted
more than 00 per cent. German In the
plebiscite a year aro.
The German Nationalist!* Protective
Society now promises loyal Germans a
map corresponding to their assertions
tl^at Germany Is without Poles. The
plebiscite returns from these frontier 1
regions show that racial lines arc Insufficient
as a barometer of political
sympathies.
SWIM GLACIERS RECEDE.
Brrnb, July lfi?The glaciers on the
ftwlss Alps are said to be receding,
owing to the extraordinary hot weather. \
Tnis rnang* is maning ascent or the |
mountains dangerous and more difficult, j
*
1921.
PARLEY TO
COST OF READl
Continued from First Page.
the United States the rights which had
accrued to it out of the war. It was 1
the same situation which resulted in Mr.
Hughes's Insistence that this country
should not be barred from the lsiund of
Yap as a communications station, not
because Wilson had made a reservation
concerning it which the Japanese denied,
but on the larger ground that the United
States never had agreed to the Versailles
Treaty..
The Administration dealt with each
problem separately, but through them all
ran the underlying principle exemplified
In the purpose for which the conference
la called.
Peace has been declared by Congressional
resolution with Germany, but Its
details are still unarranged. England
has made a partial .arrangement with
n.uaem, nut tne I . riltetl states nas Kept
the way open for a definite one.
This Government has made it clear
that it wishes and expects to travel the
road of its Allies, but it also has made
it clear that this road must be one of
international justice and fair dealing.
DISARMING IS CHIEF
ISSUE, SAYS OZAKI
Other Questions, However,
Will Be Discussed, He
Declures.
Bu the Associated Press.
Tokio, July 15.?Yuklo Ozaki, former
Minister of Justice, whose resolution
proposing curtailment of naval armaments
was rejected toy the Japanese 1
House of Representatives in February1
last, in commenting to-day on President
Harding's proposal for a conference of j
the great Powers on armament limitation
and Far Eastern questions, said that'
when ha Introduced his resolution the j
people thought It Utopian and it was
Indifferently treated.
"Now that President Harding has issued
a world summons other questions
will be discussed, but their importance ;
is dwarfed by that of disarmament," M.
Ozaki declared. "Participation by
China may seem strange because of her
slight navy, but it Is only reasonable
that' she should be invited because she
is vitally interested in Pacific problems.
"Some Japanese erroneously believe1
that the eight battleship and eight j
cruiser programme Is the mininmum for j
defence; on the contrary it is the maximum
which may be reduced according j
to the strength of the imaginary enemy, i
Moreover, Admiral Kato (Minister of(
the Navy) has declared it is not neces- j
sary to stick to the eight battleship and
eight cruiser programme. The Japanese
should understand that finances are uppermost
in the endless naval competition
between America and England*
which surely will lead to bankruptcy.
Japanese statesmen should treat limitation
of armaments in consonance with
the prevailing temper of the world. Discussion
of general Pacific problems is
fraught with important consequences to
the future of Japan and demands careful
consideration."
The Seiyu-kai, or Government party, is
urging Premier Hara to attend the proposed
conference in Washington on
limitation of armaments as Japan's representative,
declaring that if a delegation
is sent which would have to wait
for instructions from Tokio, every move
would he disadvantageous to Japan. Admiral
Count Vamamoto, former Premier,
Is the choice of army circles and Admiral
Baron Saito, former Minister of
Marine and at present Governor of
Corea, of navy circles.
Admiral Kato, the Minister of Marine
declared in fin Interview that he
would not refuse such an Assignment.
He said he believed it would be better
to discuss Pacific questions separately
from those concerning: armaments, because
all the notions should participate
in the deliberations on limitation, but It
was not noossary that all should deliberate
on the Pacific problems. He repeated
his previous declaration that If i
a satisfactory agreement should he
reached Japan would not adhere to her j
eight battleship and eight cruiser pro- J
gramme.
JAPAN ALWAYS FOR
PEACE, CONSUL SAYS
Gives Empire's Attitude Toward
Conference.
Kyo Kumasakl, Japanese Consul-General
in New York, issued a statement
yesterday setting forth the Japanese attitude
toward the'proposed Washington!
conference on the limitation of arma
merits and discussion of Far Eastern
questions. After setting forth the circumstances
of the inquiry made by the
United States of Japan as to whether it
would he agreeable to her to receive an
invitation to participate in such a conference
with the United States, Great
Uritaln, France and Italy, and outlining
the form the inquiry took, the statement
says:
"It has always been the supreme aspiration
of the Japanese Government and
of the people of Japan to contribute to
the enduring peace of thp world and the
common welfare of mankind. Any scheme
or any undertaking, therefore, which
alms at these high ideals should be eypeclally
welcome to them. Accordingly the
Japanese Government made a repiy to
the United States on July 12 through the
American Charge d'Affalres In which
they declared their intention gladly to
accept an invitation from the United
States to participate in a conference of
five Powers looking to discussion of the
question of disarmament.
"As for a discussion by the proposed
conference of Pacific and Far Eastern
problems, the, Japanese Government, con
mering it more ev n?ni rnr me purpose
of facilitating ttalnment of the
object of the conf ace that thp chsrai'ter
anil scope of these problem? should
first be defined before they expressed
their views In this respect, requested the
United S'ates Government to Inform
them of the views It may entertain on
that phase of the matter."
ITALY SEEKS MAN FOR
DISARMAMENT MEETING
Former Premier Tittoni Is
Among Those Mentioned.
Rome, July 1 (I.?discussion has stnrted 1
o\er the question of who will represent |
Italy at the Washington disarmament
conference. Among those mentioned are
Tomaaeo Tittoni, former Premier and
now President of the Senate; Vlttorlo
Setnlnln former Minister of Forolen Af
fairs and now a Senator, and Senator
Magglorlno Ferrari*.
Slgnor Tlttnnl will anII for New Yorl:
July 21 on the steamship Dante Allahleri.
He I* to deliver a course of lecture* at
Williams College, Willlamstown, Maes
{ BLAME FOR
NESS FOR WAR
Failing choice of this road, the way is
ppen to the United States to travel it
alone with tho assurance it is bound to
become a popular highway.
As the situation develops, the United
States, which was isolated at the outset,
now finds Itself in a favored position
to exert a natural leadership.
Not withstanding the immense expenditures
it made in the war it remains
tho credit nation with all the leverage
that this gives.
So far as Japan is concerned the)
i'nit..i states seeks a complete under-1
.-tunding based on the principles of justice.
It wants the same arrangement
with China. It is made plain that It
can have no other attitude toward the
allied Powers it has invited into the
conference.
Throughout the conference this Government
will insist upon the fundamental
principle that disarmament should be
based upon removal of the cause fit
armament. This involves a settlement
of the Far ICastern problem on a fair
basis. It also suggests the possibility
of the establishment of a general under- !
standing among the nations with a world j
court as it?, foundation. I
U.S. PAYS $32,688,362j
TO USE BRITISH SHIPS
Settles All Claims for Transport
Services by Ministry
of Shipping.
Washington, July 16.?Despite Great
Britain's debt of $4,500,000,000 to this
country, payment of $32,688,352 has been
made by the American Government to
the British Ministry of Shipping in settlement
of a claim against the War Department,
Treasury officials said to-day.
The payment was made, officials added,
pursuant to an opinion by AttorneyGeneral
Daugherty.
The Britisn claim was for transporta- ,
tion sei-vices arising out of the war with j
uennany, ana me pajrincin, >i wna explained,
constitutes a final settlement
between the War Department and the
Hritish Ministry of Shipping of all claims
of either party against the other for
transportation services.
Secretary Mellon asked Mr. Daugherty
for a ruling as to whether the act of
March 3, 1875, which requires the Sec- |
retary to withhold payment of any Judgment
against the United States where
the claimant is indebted to this country
in any manner, applied to such a claim.
Mr. Daugherty held the act did not
apply, as it was not the practice of sovereign
nations to prosecute their claims'
against one another In the courts and
obtain judgment, but adjust such matters
through diplomatic channels.
"If it should be construed to apply to
a case quell as is now presented," the
Attorney-General said, "then whenever
a claim is allowed by the United States,
in favor of a foreign nation it will be
the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury
in making payments to withhold the
amount of any claim which the United |
States may have against such nation.
As Is well known, this Government exercises
a broad discretion in determining
what claim it will present against
other nations, and the operations of
the statute in such matters would seriously
Interfere witli the Government in
the conduct of its foreign relations."
The British transportation claim, It
was explained, was for what was regarded
during the war as current expenses.
Among the Allies, it was said,
there was a general understanding that
all current expenses would be paid
one another without awaiting the settlement
of international debts.
In connection with the claim Mr. Mellon
also inquired whether $12,375,711
should be withheld pending adjustment
of a claim of the Shipping Board against
the Uril^h Ministry of Shipping for
Shipments of oil. The Attorney-General
suggested that such a step might be
suggested to Great Britain through the
usual diplomatic channels, but the
Treasury decided, officials said, that ;
me amount ui tiie snipping potuut ,
bill was yet to be adjusted finally and
that the British transportation claim
therefore Should be paid in full.
HISTORY PROFESSORS
CONFER IN LONDON
Appoint Anglo - American
Committee for Research
Work,
Special Cable to This New Yobs Hebai.d
Copyright, ltll, by The New Y'ijbk Hebai.d.
New York Herald Bureau. 1
lendnn. .Inly HI. |
The Anglo-American conference of |
professors of history has proved a real 1
success not only tin regard to the results 1
of the deliberations of the historians of
two continents but socially. At Lady
Astor's reception the professors minified
with the brilliant political and social
throng. Prof. William Sheppard of Columbia
told The New York Herald
correspondent.
"We are really gratified over our sojourn
here. We have now established
the conference as a permanent thing and
have concrete results to show. Commltr
tees have been appointed comprising the
present deleatgos of Kngland, America
and Canada, and soon we will number
among our members professors from the
entire English speaking world. This
will enable history research work to be
carried out as never before. Cordiality
marked by sn absence of formalities has
been the feature of our trip sines the
inaugural meeting Monday."
The historians were the guests of the
London Corporation to-day when they
saw a letter written in 1775 from a
committee of the Chamber of New York
to the Corporation of London placing
before them the injustice of the tea
taxes. They also read the sympathetic
answer from the corporation.
l/FDPAft I FC TDr t TV
V CAJMILLt J 1 AC/AI f
//V HUGHES'S KEEPING
Not Held by Woodrow Wilson,
as Rumored.
Sp'ctal Detpatrh tn Tub Nrw Yrmk Hbsai.d.
N"? York Herald Btirrnn, )
Washington, f>. C.. July 1<I. I
Doubts about the whereabouts of the
certified American nopy of the treaty of
Versailles negotiator by Woodrow Wilson
have been dispelled
It was learned on good authority today
that the treaty copy la reposing
safely In the vaults of the State Deportment,
having been consigned to such
safe keeping by Secretary of State
C'harlea K. Hughes, who accepted It from
Kobert Danalng, former Secretary of
State.
Only five engrossed and bound copies
of the treaty were made. The American
State Department had an official copy,
hut It was not "THE" copy. It was reported
that "THE" copy was In the possession
of Woodrow Wilson, but It was
learned to-dsy that || Is In the official
vaults.
>
'%I
'FRANCE MAV GIVE OP
RMN2LAND BARRIER
_
Viewpoint to Change ilfCeK
many Abandons tier Upper
SCil<twi*in PnliViaa
J1H "lull JL I A V 1* U?
NO PAY IF SHE PERSIST
Better Show in Doing- Justice
to War Criminals
Important Factor.
CLOSER ACCORD FAVORED
Fraiico-Tcuton Entente Suggested
to Offset Anglo-Saxon
Campaign for Trade.
Special Cable to Tub New York Heral&.
CopurioUt, toil, bp Tub New York Heiui.d.
New York Herald Bureau. 1
Pari., July 1(1. I
Although insisting that France cannot
agree to relinquish the present
sanctions embodied in the Rhineland
customs barrier eveivdf Germany pays
off the first billion gold marks in reparations
by the end of August, Foreign
Office officials admitted to The New
York Herahd correspondent to-day
that France's attitude on this point
might bo radically changed should
Germany abandon her stiff necked
policy in Upper Silesia and show a
better effort to exert justice in the
trials of war criminals.
It is evident, as possibilities of a
Supreme Council meeting either in
Ostend, Paris or Boulogne before the
end of this month increase, that the.
question of Upper Silesia is proving
more and more thorny. Franco does
not want to give the impression that
she is holding out against Great
Britain, Belgium and Italy, should the
matter be settled by a Supreme Council
vote, and has hailed joyfully the
note from London that the French
suggestion that a commission be sent
to Silesia to study the complications
on the ground had been acoepted.
The French members of the Upper
Silesian Commission will be expected
to stress the necessity of limiting Germany's
power of recovery by giving
a more substantial share of the industrial
and mining communes to the
Poles than the English Commissioner
Percival recommended, or even the
Italian mediation line provided.
But France is carefully not connecting
Upper Silesia with the economic situation
of either Germany or Poland, some
Foreign Office experts now taking the
line that if President Harding's disarmament
programme is to be effective it
will have to take into consideration
Upper Silesia, which the Fi onoh contend
Is a potential arsenal for rejuvenated
Germany.
Would Kmliargo Munitions.
It is even hoped that Washington will
send instructions to Ambassador Harvey
before the Supreme Council meets which
will upset Germany's calculations by restricting
German control over any Industries
allied to munition making even
if Poland's territorial aspirations are
not met.
It is understood that the conversations
between Louis Loucheur, French Minister
of Reconstruction, and Dr. Walter
Rathenau, German Minister of Reconstruction
and Carl Bergmann, which are
now being drafted Into a general report,
envisage the possibility of an evetual
solution along this line, Dr. Rathenau !
nai aglceiuK hiiii > uumciiui "lull uiai.
tho delivery to Germany of entire Upper
Silesia is a vital premise for any reparations
settlements.
If the German Government can bn
made to realize this. It la considered
fairly certain that France will agree to
remove the economic sanctions In the
Ruhr Valley, at least temporarily, though
always reserving the right to re-Impose
them should Berlin's reparations pledges
lack of fulfilment. I'hlllp Millet'*
tutorial In the l'aris Midi Is considered
highly significant that the French Government
or at least that part controlled
by M. Uouoheur. who Is reputed to he In
control of the Midi, Is envisaging Important
concessions In the Rhineland economic
situation.
M. Millet frankly points out that "If
the German Government definitely accepts
France's demands for reparations
the suppression of these economic sanctions
becomes Imperative from the viewpoint
of the Franch Interest.
"While this is regrettable. It is a fact
and we can do nothing. If we want
Germany to pay we must renounce the
Khineiand barrier which separates the
Rhineland from the vest of Germany,
hut If we prefer to maintain the customs
barrier and customs collectors wo
will have to give up hopes of being paid.
The Ifiitli is that tt-n ara ronlrllv nn
proarhlng the turning point where wo
will have to rhonee between a definite
reparation* polley and the maintenance
of the Rhine sanctions"
rnnnnt Perish nnd Alan Pay.
M. Millet adds that thla is the only
sensible view and that he does not tnein
that other sanctions than those affecting
Germany's economic restoration be given
up. 'It Is abaurd," he aaya, "to wish
simultaneously that Germany perish nnd
also pay To tie her hands is all right,
but If we do so, do not Insist that she
set to work and rebuild that which she
has destroyed Although etlll owing us
under the Paris accord for what she ha.
destroyed, Germany will he unable to
pay these 132.000,100.000 franca If she Is
only nble to use one portion of her economic
force."
What part Dr. Rathonau'a arguments
served to bring about this change In the
French arcuments Is not vet admitted,
but It Is likely to have a far reaching
effect even In Germany, where It Is believed
here it would mean a possible
drawing of the Stlnnes-Kuhr hiteresi
Into Mn* with T>r. Rutlvnnu's polley of
conciliatory reparation
In this connection the newspaper
Aut ffroufes declaies that Pr. Rathennu
seeks an outright entente with France
In order to enable Germany to meet the
. vontnfll onnf hotwuffR tho
States nnd Great Britain for the possession
of European market*. Dr. TUthennu
la said to have ar*ued that "the war
ended with two vlotor* - tha United
States nnd England; and two nation*
defeated -Oermanv and France. Therefore
a rapproaohement I* desirable. Toirether
wo may he railed upon to battle
against Anclo-Haxon Imperialism. Moreover
there 1* Ituss'a now In a deplorable
situation. But already the Bolshevist
chlef? nre relinquishing aovletlsm.
"If that Brent empire find* a new
Peter the Ore.it or a Catherine in flff'
year* elir will have a quarter blllka.
population and will provide a formidable
danger for weetet n Europe."
The detail* of M. Eoucheur's plan are
still much in the dark, but It la declared
that Dr. Ttartfenau haa agreed that Germany'*
reparation* In kind, a* far aFrance
I* concerned, shall not exceed
flv. eb-iith* Ft >ec. . a- of "2 per
cent, MPCoitllhg lo tin I don figures.
I
m