The New York herald. [volume], March 13, 1922, Page 3, Image 3

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KEEP PEACE, GANDHI
EXHORTED INDIANS
'Work Hard, Tire Not,' Last1
Words of Nou-Coopera- |
live Leader.
AVI Mi PLEAD GUILTY
With Kellww Prisoner, a
Pmnker. Ho Will Xot
Fight in Court.
SI K IIS PREPARE J OR WAR
Gandhi Propaganda Causing
I iiitsI Also to South of
Udiapur.
Nil metiabad, British India, March 12.
f.\: -?ciated Press).?The arrest of
Mohandas K. Gandhi, tl?e leader of
ti> ? non-cooperationists. was effected
by Police Superintendent Hailey. who
previously had taken into custody a
leading Nationalist named Shankerlal,
a. hunker, near the Stayagrahashram,
which is Gandhi's religious and po
Ikic.il institute, situated a few miles
from Ahrnedabad.
Hailey took the banker to the insti
tute. ihe inmates of which were in
bed. Later, however, they arose and
paraded before Gandhi's residence and
prr'.V'd .?!nil sang Gandhi's favorite
h.? inn. Then Gandhi, with his wife
a mI ihp hanker, was taken by auto
aio.'ile to a neighboring jail.
"Work* hard, and tire not." were
Gandiii's last words to his followers
before being taken away. He exhorted
all those who loved India to maintain
pert'' rt peace throughout the country.
.M midnight Superintendent Hailey
i-f-a;-.-hed tl.e premises of the news
i .ii.'i i Xavjivam and collected some of j
(,'aiifilii's original contributions to
)'(/?'-a India in 1921-22. which It 1s
believed foi-ni the basis of the charge
?irainst him.
' <? v M 1 ??"?b ? 2 ? Mohandas K.
Qand'ii and Shankerlal. a banker, werf
?" r v.- magistrate at Ahnie
i<i > 11urdacharged w ith belns con
nf-i'ii with articles written by Gandhi
and ji.iliiishel in Voiivij India, says a
diiiMuli to 1 he lOxehange TelcsxRph
from Bombay. The prosecution de
iriljcd the^e letters as havin<r caused
ii;. wfi>e.'io!i aga'r st the Government j
Koih 'h?- accused men ssii, they would
plead guilty at the proper time, but that
they would decline to cross-examine
witnesses or to open their defense. They
?v< i ? committed for trial, which is ex
pe '?,! to b ?in promptly and to conclude
within a fortnight.
UNREST AMONG SIKHS;
GRAVE INDIAN PERIL
Gandhi Propaganda Extends
South in Udiapur.
i.'jNno.v. Van |> 1J. -Apart from the
non-cooperatKo movement, which is
mo : active in the I'nited Province* of
India, fay? -i n?>i;tei dit-pntch from
1 'fillI. Ill-' CM.Si re;iture of the Indian
ritur.tion is the unrest among the Sikhs
in the province of Punjab.
The political movement seeking the re
i Elablishiiicnt of Sikh supremacy in the
Punjab, the dispatch add.-, is becoming
Inextricably mixed up with an internal
religious quarrel over the guardianship
of Hit- shrinoa. Many members of this
religious organization are enrolling as
volunteers in ilie Akali KanJ, a political
military force armed with battlraxes.
. iuhK and sporting guns. 'riie rebellion
in this organization is Increasing daily,
owing to the appeal marie to the war
i'ke tendencies of the Sikha by the non
<o.iteration agitators.
The propaganda of the non-coopera
llonists, according to the dispatch, also
hns found ground further south In
IJdlapur, where .he restlessness of the
Phils rivor local pl*vani es Is being
worked upon by the followers of Gandhi.
This agitation has culminated In the
< rganizatlon of an army under an ex
tienilst. named Motl Lai, consisting of
several thousand men armed with guns,
?.words and bows and arrows. This
force collided a few days ago with a
Government contingent of Phils in which
2'.' of the rebels were killed and 28
wounded before they were dispersed.
Another source of anxiety to the Gov
ernment of India Is the large number of
civil servants retiring prematurely ow
ing to discontent with present condi
tions, an important consideration being
th?* insults and dangers to which their
wives and families daily are being wub
jected.
A dispatch to the Time* from Luck
now, dated Saturday, reports the flrst
fatalities arising from the troubles In
the agricultural dlstrlots in the unlt'd
provinces. These occurred In the Har
dol district, wlicre two rioters were
killed and others wonnded In addition
a mib-inspector was wounded when the
police flred on a mob, who interfered
when the police were Investigating al
leged outrages against a local landlord.
MOSLEM LEGISLATORS
PLEAD FOR MONTAGU
PcLHI, March 12 (Associated Presw).?
Twenty Mohammedan members >?f the
Inrl'an Legislature, now here, have went
to Prime Minister Lloyd George an em
phatic; proteet against the British Gov
ernment'" "deplorable action" In connec
tion with the resignation of Secretary
for India Montagu.
They express appreciation of the
? forts toy Mr. Montagu and the Indian
Government en behalf of the Khalifat,
and .insert the Secretary was sacrificed
to 'he antl-Khailfat cause. The legis
lator!.' protest also declares that the
Indian Government's recent representa
ti'?n. publication of wtoieh brought about
the virtual dismissal of Secretary Mon
tagu. contains the minimum Moslem de
mands.
Pr. II. S. Gour expreswd the deep
grief of the Assembly and of India gen
erally over the resignation of Mr. Mon
tagu, whom he characterized as a stanch
?upporter of the Tndlan reform scheme
Slid a true friend of India.
Mir P. Harbadhlkar! said he hoped Mr.
V . "'agtt would be able to withdraw his
ri Ignntion.
The Nayptir provincial legislative
council alao paid eulogistic tribute to Mr
,M? r.,.ijfu'?< services
In the eotirsa of a iieech the Pandit
Mitvlnviya declared th arrest of Gandhi
was a great blunder on the part of th'
Indian Government.
BRITAIN MUST CRUSH
MOSLEM-HINDU UNITY
Crisis Admittedly Gravest Since the Mutiny?Intensi
fied by Arrest of Gandhi?Peril Will Not Be Passed
Until Home Rule Is in Sight?Anglo-Indians
Split on Policy.
?Sptttnl CuUI? to Thi .Nrw Yob it Hb?*id. Copiright. 1911. by Thb N'rw Vo*K Hwmld.
* New York Hrrmld Bureau. )
I.oodoo, MmrrH 12. |
The fact no news of any disturbances in India has been received fol
Miwiug the arrest of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the Indian Nationalist
leader, whose object is the overthrow of British rule in India, has served
to allay temporarily public anxiety and to give new hope the insurrection
movement will slowly be suppressed. But in Government quarters there
is no attempt to disguise the situation by facile optimism, and it is admit
ted that not since the great mutiny has British rule in India been in sucb
n perilous plight as to-day.
There are. indeed, several factors in the present situation which make
the mutiny appear a mere riot compared with a revolution. At the time
of the mutiny Englishmen were so incensed that complete unity in the
Government of the day for dealing with the problem was easily attained.
But to-day opinion is sharply divided here on the question of shaping
India's future, the Liberals standing on one side and the Tories on the
other. The Viceroy, Lord Reading, is leading the Liberals, but Edwin S.
Montagu, former Secretary of State for India, has been forced out, and
Lord Reading's resignation is expected.
Will SopprrM Sedition.
Apparently, the Government Is determined to suppress sedition and
exorcise the revolutionary movement led by Gandni. But many Anglo-In
dians in the service of the Government are recent converts to the idea of
a liberal policy In India and view any prolonged haltiug on the road to
home rule with genuine alarm. They are supported by the Liberals outside
the Government, who are in symjwithy with a moderate home rule move
ment, though not that of Gandhi. The great majority of British jffieials
in India, however, would welcome a return to the policy which would re
store to them the lost prestige they had in the position as overlords, and
postpone the day when they will cooperate with the Indians on an equal
basis.
The Idea of their privileged position has been handed down from
father to son and is not yet extinct, despite attempts of new recruits in
the India office here to show the;
| way for a realization of Indian ideals
in home rule, and the men accua
i tomed to rule as many as 5,000,000
natives in their capacity as resident
j Governor attached to a petty mon
! arch are not willing to surrender
; t'ieir splendid power and descend to
cooperation.
Thus tho Government is divided in
to two opposing damps, with the like
! lihood of those who view the progress
! toward home rule with horror
gaining ? a temporary victory. Lord
i Reading's position is the weathercock
I in the situation. If he resigns it will
mean the unpiogressive policy has
| triumphed. If he remains in India it
! will look forward to the development
| of a liberal policy.
Itiriin homled With Debt.
In the meanwhile India [s stagger
ing under a burden of debt, the loss
of German and Russian markets and
the policy of non-cooperation with
the British, which has almost shat
tered trade with tho homo country.
: It is suffering from tho paralyzing
| effects of internal dissensions, violent
i agitation wherever there is a griev
ance and the passive resistance of the
Gandhi followers.
I Gandhis movement for immediate
home rule is the outcome of old
Nihilist organizations which late in
the last century borrowed the methods
i of the Russians and terrorized offl
| clals Htid those unwilling to support
I the policy of home rule. But. It has
i nothing in common with the Nihilism
| of to-day,
Gandhi, like many other young In-J
l dians, came to Ijondon and studied
law. He returned to India with a
sense of grievance against those who
would make a color line distinction
between Hindus and Englishmen, and
| when lie went to South Africa as a
barrister, where he found indentured
Indians forced to pay a head tax and
register because they were Asiatics,
he reached the determination to re
lieve their hated distinction. Ho led
the passive resistance movement in
which the Indians refused to comply
with the law. He went to prison with
hundreds of his countrymen and
finally succceded in inducing the
South African Government to soften
tho distinction between Europeans
| and Indians.
<;nndhl Nntlonnl Hero.
When he returned to India he was
naturally welcomed as a national hero
and his followers increased when they
found he had given away his fortune
and worked as a humble cobbler for
tho Ideal of a united, self-governing
India. In the South African war, the
Zulu campaign and the late war he
recruited Indian students for service
with the British as members of the
ambulance corps. He himself nerved
in the first two wars. During this
time he was a pacifist. His hostility
toward British rule is of recent birth,
and the British believe It Is mainly
due to his having led a movement he
can no longer control.
Tho effect of educating Indians In
England and the United States has
been to create a class of men. mostly
lawyers, who in number far exceed
the limited number of Government
posts vacant In Indian service or tho
opportunities for practicing their pro- i
fession in their own country. They 1
have seen with envy Englishmen oc- ,
cupying positions to which they I
thought themselves entitled, and they ;
have long conducted an agitation to
remove the British for their own bene
fit.
The defeat of the Russians In the
war with Japan showed the Indians
that the Europeans were not invinci
ble and constructed a fragile bridge
of national pride over racial and re
ligious caste differences?the first In- i
dla had known for centuries. That
gave a great impetus to home ru!-? j
government, which was orlglna'lv
started by enlightened Englishmen, j
who realized It was Impossible to con
tinue to rule India without the fullest j
participation by the Tndlans and the
eventual granting of self-government
to the natives.
Indiana Dlnlllnalnned In War.
The bringing of Indian troops to
Europe In the recent war gave them
an Insight into Western civilization,
and many who in their native vil
lages had long cherished the Idea that
London, the capital of the empire,
was a city of princely splendor and
the British Government a govern
ment of perfection, found themselves
bitterly disillusioned. They professed
? ortempt for all they saw and heard.
The poverty of London'^ hack streets
uppall-vl th"m, accustomed thous-h
they were to conditions in India, and
the stnialnr of the cities the names of
which filled them with awe when
printed on cotton goods sent them
J hack to India proud In the conviction j
that their much older civilization was !
( so superior to that of the British that i
It was time they governed them-1
selves.
Their disappointment spread quicklj
through the country, where the news
of travels expands rapidly as it pro
gresses, and the Englishmen, accus
tomed to almost worship, found their
prestige sorely shattered. With the
erantinc: of legislative assemblies to
the Indians hy the British in 1919,
their establishment and the promise
of a gradual approach to ideal home
rule, the insurrectionary movement
split into two parties?one of moder
ates, at the head of which was Mrs.
Annie Besant. noted Theosophist, and
one of extremists, in great minority,
following the call of Gandhi.
Mrs. Besant's party found in Parlia
ments elected on full male suffrage a
means of expressing their demands
for home rule, but Gandhi, recalling
his success In South Africa, adopted
a policy of passive resistance and non
cooperation with the British Govern
ment or the British reforms that have
brought India to her deplorable plight
of to-day.
A Complete Boycott.
Gandhis followers do not work for
the British, do not wear British clothes
and do not attend British schools.
They regard everything that savors of
those whom they regard as unlawful
occupants of their country as some
thing to be banished from sight.
Among a people easily moved and
susceptible to superstition Gandhi
has achieved great success with this
policy. A series of events commenc
ing with the British Inquiry Into sedi
tion under Justice Rowlatt in 1918.
which produced the famous Bowlatt
acts for suppressing any attempt to
I overthrow British authority (never
j put into effect) and battles with Brit
j ish troops in the Punjab and at
| Amritsar served to Inflame Indian
| opinion to the point of revolution.
| Meanwhile an agrarian agitation
j which had always existed in India
marched side by side with demands
for increased wages and the growth
of trade unions, landlords were not j
paid, employers were forced to pay !
increased wae;es and workmen in j
ever?' part of the country became i
restive. All this discontent has been I
successfully exploited by Gandhi, for j
wherever there has been trouble he
has sent his propagandists. who !
whether Hindu. Moslem or Sikh I
stirred up strife against the British
Government.. The Moplah rebellion, j
however, served to reveal a new move
on the part of Gandhi which has
brought about the resignation of
Montagu This fight was In an iso- !
lated part of India between Moslems
and Hindus, the first horn fiirhters,
the others effeminate but polished.
ronvertlns the Moslems.
The strife was caused by the treaty 1
of Sevres and the report that the
<*aliphate had been defiled by Turks'
driven out from Asia as well as Eu
rope and that the British had de- j
termlned to suppress the Moslems all I
over the East. By exploiting the 1
Turkish peace and the clever use of
Wilson s self-determination policies '
Gandhi welded both Hindu and Mos- |
!ern under his banner In a unity never |
previously known between these
Indians of different religion and rare, j
Not even the visit of the Prince of
Wales to India could break the power
of Gandhi, though the moderates who '
had deserted the all-Indian concre?s j
and sided with the British expressed
loyalty to the King and Emperor
through affection for his son.
Gandhi's passive resistance and
non -cooper* t Ion, coupled with the
grievance against the Turkish, peac?.
has made the visit of the Prince of
j ales most unpleasant in certain
cities where he has been. Lord Read- i
ing evidently realized that to break
Oandhls power it Is necessary to de- '
stroy (he unity between the Moslem [
and Hindu above which he flourishes. I
The X Iceroy's messA^e to Montagu
asking rectification of the Turkish
treaty Is believed to have been an
attempt to separate the two factions j
y granting the Moslem demands that J
Turkey be restored to Europe and
remain Inviolate,
her Lord Reading's policy will i
yet succeed remains doubtful, but it j
l as brought the possibility of civil
strife between Hindu and Moslem !
within the range of reason.
Xo bright outlook is offered for'
the immediate future. The political ;
situation resolves itseir Into a des- |
perate race between those English- :
tnen who would confer home rule upon
Tndin step by step th(, i
Indians become educated up to thcae j
responsibilities and are capable of
achieving some semblance of national
unity and Gandhi's sway with the
Indian people following his banner of
complete emancipation from evei y
thing British.
Nation Not Ka?y ??> Rule.
The difficulties of British rule will
be realized when it is seen there are
no less than sixty-three petty mon
archs whose territory covets only one
fifth of India; that the population of
India exceeds 300,000,000; that the
Moslem hates the Hindu and both
of them arc full of racial and re
ligious hatred. The British have only
60,000 white troops in India and 260,
000 native troops at their disposal,
though at the close of the war there
were 1,000,000 natives under the Brit
ish flag who had learned to fire a
rifle.
The cost of this army this year
reaches 41,000,000 pounds, which ia
charged to the Indian budget. Ac
cording to Government ofllclals there
are only 20,000 British civil servants
in India, thirteen per cent, of the
higher administrative posts being
filled by natives at present. The white
provincial administration Is almost
entirely native. The Indians have
slowly eliminated Englishmen from
the government so that the number
of undergraduates leaving Oxford and
Cambridge for India is now so small
that it has aroused much anxiety in
Great Britain. The opportunities, it
is asserted here, are fewer than be
fore the war and such posts as be
come vacant are still a family
monopoly.
What percentage of university men
remain in civil service in India is not
known at the India office here, but it
is certainly less than before the war.
Unhappily young men imbued with
modern liberal ideas are badly needed
in India to-day. according to those
who wish to see India secure home
rule. They are needed to supplant
those who oppose a progressive move
ment and who still maintain their
social aloofness toward the Indian
which, as in tlie case of Egypt, strikes
at the foundation of British rule.
It is believed hat only among
young men fr?sh from the universi
ties can be found minds unprejudiced
enough to move in this direction. Un
til the British can find such men. it
is recognized even in Government
circles here they cannot appeal to the
moderates in India with sufficient
strength to break the power of
Gandhi.
Home Hulc the Goal.
Happily the majority of English
men are" agreed egarding home rule
as thi ultimate goal in Ii'dla. lne
British still hope to appeal to the
moderates who ^re seeking the road
to this end. They believe their civ
ilization has conferred benefits on
India which still demands prolonga
tion of their rule in that country, but
if conversations with prominent
Anglo-Indians here afford any true
Indication of the tendencies of the
time?, th 'ii Great Britalnlsrenounc
Ing the idea of noiding India merely
as the Jewel of the Empire.
"The future." jne official says, lies
in the lap of the gods. The mutiny
died quickly with the removal of the
grievance* and was followed by the
longest period of peace in India s lus
torv, but the present crisis will not
be solved until home rule ,s W tV?
xicht The llstru'it which the Irish
ST.nd expressed for Greet BrtUm
IU.S traveled ?? 'ar ?> 1"?'"
Great Britain now lias to fight down
a reputation which still casts su. -
plclon on her most liberal moves.
Whether the attempt to break the
mutiny of Gandhis party will I
voke fresh distrust remains to be
?een hut India's future government
may yet he found in Constantinople.
\mong those who have contribute
to'the present disorders In India Lord
Curzon's name stands foremost among
the accusers of the Government. Lord
Curzon belongs to the days when
Viceroy held sccptered sway and ruled
without a frown to check equanimity.
Wedded to the cast* system and be
lieving that the British Empire de
pended for its glory upon the su
premacy of British officials In India,
lie has always opposed any move
ment toward political reform which
would confer larger nieastiics
power on the natives Hla pol,C* "
Foreign Minister has been dominated I
bv the twin Ideas of protecting India
from mythical Russian hordes and
suppressing all manifestations of po
lltical Independence in the count, >
11 Sf 1 f
His support of the Greeks and his
inability to understand the effect upon
the Moslem world of the trrat> of
Sevres were based on the assumption
that the Gandhi movement wns on.y
a temporary aberration not gupp?'t
by any real gricvan e He has since
found out his mistake, according
his political opponents, but there are
rumors that many cabinet ? ini ' r|*
as Montagu showed in his speech,
feci they have been misled by his fa.i
ure to understand the new India
PREMIER WILL ANSWER
MONTAGU IN COMMONS
Declines to Enter Into News
paper Discussion.
IjOndon, March 13 ( Monday).?A.'k->d
by a representative of the Xkrtch at
Crlcdeth, where the Premier is on %?>a
tlon, whether he would nay anything in
reply to the speech delivered Saturday
by M R. Montagu. Mr. Lloyd George Is
quoted hh having .?hI< 1 :
"If Mr. Montagu has anything lie
would like to nay In the Hotitu of ?'oin
mons when I return to i^ondon, I shall
bt prepared to deal with It."
The correspondent juMh ttiat Mr.
Lloyd Ctaorge, obeying his ph;.?u un'a
orders, remained In bed until niton Sun
day. but later attended services In tho
chapel.
Aura, British India, March 12 (Asso
ciated Pre*).?Replying ?o at) address
of welcome on h's arrival here yester
day, Karl Iteuding, Viceroy of lndl-% re
ferred to the deep sense of nis personal
lost through the resignation of Kdwln 8.
Montagu as Secretary of India. The
resignation had comp ctoly surprised
him, the Viceroy continued. Whatever
the criticism that had passed here or In
>'2ngland, Mr. Montagu's devotion to
India's cause could not be doubted.'
During his term In the Vlceroyalty,
the Viceroy said, he hnd been In con
stant and Intimate connection wMh Mr.
Montagu, and rumors of differences be
tween them and between the home Gov
ernment and the Indian Government re
garding the policy to be pursued con
cerning non-eooperatlon and the leaders
of the non-eooperatlon movement were
absolutely without ground. The Im
perial Government fully approved of the
policy of the Government of India and
there was no foundation whatever for
the suefestIon that tile Government in
fndlH hart been hflir*>ered in this rc
-I'cct bj (lie home Gottrnincnt.
Viceroy's Telegram Raises
Points of Highest Im
port to Allies.
CONCESSIONS TO TURK
Must Come Before the
Treaty of Sevres Can
Be Enforced.
KE\ IN INDIAN CRISIS
H. Charles Woods Makes Clear
Relationship of Two
Problems.
BT H. CHARMS* WOODS.
The telegram from Lord Reading
advocating the revision of the Sevres
i treaty as a means of solving Indian
! problems raises a point of the highest
| importance in their bearing upon the
; future peace of the Balkans and Tur
I key. They are questions which, in |
j fact, have prevented the Allies from i
being able to enforce the treaty of ;
| Sevre?, and which led to the war still j
i In progress between the Nationalist i
| Turks and the Greeks.
the possible consequences of adopting
modifications of the treaty?modifica
tions which I think have been wisely
suggested by the Viceroy?
There arc three points of highest ini
portancc. The first point. Is that Con
stantinople should be evacuated. This,
of course, means that the Allies should
withdraw their military forces, perhaps
their fleets, which have been in occupa- 1
tlon or In the Immediate vicinity of the
Turkish capital in lessor or greater
strength ever since the armistice. It is
almost equally clear that the fulfillment
of this rlalm would Include modification
of the arrangements mad" by the treaty
for the control of the Dardanelles. Those
arrangements limited Turkey In her sov- !
erelgnty over the city of Constantinople,
over the straits and over the band of
territory situated along the southeastern i
or Asiatic shore of those waterways.)
Such conditions will never be willingly,
or peacefully accepted by the Constan
tinople Government or by Its supporters
In India, still leas by the Nationalists
under Rental Pasha, who now controls
the greater part of Asia Minor.
An Open Dardanelles.
This was made perfectly clear to n>e
yesterday by Marshal I*zet Pasha, Min
ister of Foreign Affairs in the Con
stantinople Government, who Is In Lon
don to explain to the British Govern
ment the conditions under which Turkey
can continue to live. He agreed that
the Dardanelles should be open and un
fortified. He said the Turks would un-)
dertake never again to close tliiv all Im
portant waterway. The situation there
might be regulated b> a commission, but
the rights of the Turks must hr- morn
fully recognised than is the case under
uR'adJns's. telegram,
What do these mean and what arc
;!iu So\<e* treaty' and Turkey mv.-t l>i
guaranteed against enemy attack.-, par
ticularly against Greek attack*, in this
region. ?
The eeconfl point Is that the Indian
Government goes on to suggest recogni- !
tlon of the suzerainty of the Sultan over
Holy Places, which presumably are Mec
ca, Medina and Jerusalem, and perhapsi
Bagdad. This suggestion is more im-1
portant from a religious and political
standpoint, because one of the claims of '
the Sultan to his position of Caliph or ?
head of the Moslem religion rests upon (
| the fact that before the war he was '
I the guardian possessor of these cities, i
i The third point, which must be dis- j
cussed under two headings, concern* ;
the restoration of Smyrna and Thrace
to Turkey. But the Greek frontier was
extended almost to within gunshot of
the center of the city of Constantinople.
This means that the Ottoman capital
has been left without a European hin
terland ; that Thrace, with its largo !
Turkish population, has been given to
Greece ; and that Adrtanople?with all j
its sentimental and religious significance
to the Turks?has been annexed by j
Greece. Such an arrangement Is en- '
tirel.v unsatisfactory on a basis of na- I
tionality and economic and military 1
grounds: and its maintenance, there- j
fore, is contrary to equity and Justice.
Frontier on Bnlgarln.
Izzet Pasha, who is Turkey's most
distinguished soldier and a signer of the
armistice In 1!*1S, and all moderate Mos
lems therefore claim that Turkey must
secure enough Kuropean territory to an
able her to defend Constantinople, that
I she should obtain Eastern Thrace as far
as the River Maritza, including Adrian
nple. Such a change would give her a
common frontier with Bulgaria, and for
this reason would be resented not only
by Greece, but also by Jugo-Slavia and
Rumania.
With regard to Smyrna, there is no
| alternative other than that tho Greeks,
as a political and military entity, should
evacuate the town and the whole area
they now hold in Asia Minor. I say
this not only because of the claims made
In Lord Reading's telegram, hut because
1 have been in Smyrna and know that
peace can never be reestablished in the
Bast until it is handed bar!: to Turkey.
tzzet Pasha says he does not know
what terms would be agreed to by the.
Angora Nationalists, but he assured me?
1 think with justification?that if reason
able modifications are proposed by the
allied Ministers in Paris, they will be ac
ceptable to all moderate Turks
My object is not to make excuses for
the publication of the now famous teV
gram from the Indian Viceroy, Loril
Reading, but the fact remains that if
developments have focused American
and Euroi>ean minds upon the question
which should already have received
more attention the publication will have
served the cause of international peace.
FATAL BLOW AT PEACE
WITH INDIA IS SEEN
J. L. Garvin Strikes Hard at
Reading and Montagu.
Special Cable to Tilr New Yohk HntU,
Copyright, 1321, by Tiik New Yobk Hrrald*
New York Herald Riirrmi. )
London. Marcli 1?. (
J. L. Garvin, in the Sunday OLtcrver,
soys, regarding the IiiJian ..Ituation:
"Edwin S. Montagu and Lord Reading
between them have fired a whole mine
of mischief with incredible crudity of
judgment and with inexp'icable violation
of their constitutional duty. Gandhi
ought long ago to have been arrested
at the best moment on the clearest l.?su<.
Now. after a fumbling postponement for
months, he is arrested at the worst mo
ment, In circumstance* disastrously cal
culated to cloud the issjc, excite unl
\crsal misapprehension a.id suspicion in
tho native mind, to confuse every friend
of our rule and unite all its enemies.
"Mr. Montagu and I>oM Reading be
tween them have struck a blow at the
tasls of all Government relation with
India. They have aggravated every dif
ficulty both in Asia and Europe. They
have even thwarted their own object
1>> making It more difficult for u* to
conclude with the Turks a peace of
hor- and safety Instead of a pcace of
shame and peril.
"Mr. Montagu and Lord Reading are
excellent men capable* of shl:.:ng in
other spheres. They mu^t have Intended
v <i in their choice of means. Rut not
after the manner of these men ana these
ireanw was the British Empire built up
In India or anywhere, and not so ran it
be maintained. ? ? ? Curzou is left
nc chance to negotiate a peace with i
1 onor, but is placed In circumstance
n -il< hk it almost ,impossible to c< ncltidc
any settlement which would not he re
gartled throughout the Moslem world as
.t peace of British humiliation ard sur
render. Mr. Montagu bequeathr th<
worst situation that has b?.en knewn in
India itself since the mutiny and the
worst for British policy in the East as
a whole that has been known at any
time."
Who is the
Biggest Contractor
in this town?
What made him
so? Common sense. And if he
smokes Turkish cigarettes, he
smokes
Lord Salisbury
Turkish Cigarettes
Why? Common sense.
LORD SALISBURY is the only
high-grade Turkish cigarette in
the world that sells for so little
money.
Try it.
? which mean* that if you don't like LORD
SALISBURY TURKISH CIGARETTES
you can get your money beck from thedeeler
franklin Stmon & Co.
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