The New York herald. [volume], April 25, 1922, Page 6, Image 6

About The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924

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The salo will be conducted by
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'Herald* Reporter Finds
Great Army in Other In
dustries Kept Idle.
STEEL MILLS RUNNING
In No Danger of Shutdown,
but Reported Price of
Products Will Soar.
TKICKED THE OPERATORS
Story of How XJnion, Playing
on Grievances, Closed 75
P. C. of Non-Union Mines.
This is the second of a series
of articles by The New Yobk
Herald analyzing the coal strike,
its progress, causes and outlook.
The third trill appear in an early
issue.
Spteiol Dispatch to Th* Nbw Toik Hwai.d
Pittsburgh, April 24.?The coal
strike ha? not and will not clos? the
steel mills, but It Is seriously delaying
the reopening of mills and the r?-1
awakening of Industry.
Comparatively few steel workers
who were on the payroll on April 1
are Idle now, but thousands who, Idle
for many months during the national
depression, expected to return to their
Jobs this April, as the quickening of
Industry demanded their brains and
hands, cannot do so. There is coke
enough to keep steel works that were
going on April 1 going to-day, but
there Is not enough for the reopening
of works that were closed.
That is the principal effect of the
coal strike in this region. Coal that is
being hustled to Pittsburgh from the
non-union fields of West Virginia and
Kentucky will supply Indefinitely the
present demands of the United States
Steel Corporation and some of the oth
ers. It will not do more than this.
The idle mills that were to have been
humming by this time will have to
wait.
The result, because of the increasing ]
demand for steel, is likely to be an in
crease in price in steel out of proportion
to the general rise in manufactured
products. Thus will be brought about
an economic upset which will be felt
through the life of the nation.
Union Mines Shot Ti*h?.
The union miners of western Pennsyl
vania, as everywhere else, are shut up
tight. The non-unfon mines?the great
source of coking coal?are 75 per cent
shut. Where 8,000 cars of coal wero
rolling off the sidings every day be
fore-April 1, only 2,000 are to be seen
now. Of 40,000 non-union miners. 30,
000 are orf strike.
Operators admit production ha-* dl?
mlnlshed by three-quarters. This is the
first time the correspondent of Th*
New York Herald has found them In
agreement about anything.
Although the United States Steel Cor
poration was suddenly and unexpectedly
walloped by the striking of many of the
miners employed by Its subsidiary, the
H. C. Prick Coal Company, it has suf
fered less than some of its rivals pro
portionately. About half of the Prick
miners are working and the corporation
has succeeded in quickly extending Its
mining operations in West Virginia.
Its by-products works at Clairton, the
largest battery of coke ovens in the
world, is now receiving 15,000 tons of
coal a day from the corporation's own
sources, has 150.000 tons stored and has
90,000 on barges coming down the
Monongahela River.
Operators Caught t'n*w?r?i. |
The operators of the non-union fields,
caught unawares by a strike for which
they had made no preparation and car
ried oft their feet by its sweep in the
first ten days, have now recovered their
breath and are about holding their own.
Hers a group of miners quits and here
a group goes back to work, so that the
scales are nearly balanced Just now.
Meanwhile the companies arc planning
an intensive campaign to get their men
back Into the mines. The Steel Cotpora
tton knows perfectly well that union la
bor. beaten In 1919 In Its attempt to
organize the steel Industry, has shifted
Its attack and is now trying to get in
by way of the coal cellar. United States
Steel Is Just as determined to keep the
union out of the coal mines as It was
to keep it out of the steel mills in 1919.
Wages and hours are subordinate in
the Western Pennsylvania coal strike.
The light Is union or non-union.
Of the hundreds of steel mills In this
region only three big ones have been
closed by shortage of coal. These_ are
(h. Mingo works of the Carnegte Stael
Company, near Steubensvllle. Ohio; the
Shocnberger works of the American
steel and Wire Company in Pittsburgh,
1 500 employees, and the Isabella Fur
nace No. 2 of the Carnegie Steel Com
pany at Etna. 1.400 employees.
tlwllroad Men Affected.
These are all Steel Corporation sub
?Idlaries. The largest mill ^
prevented from reopening is the 1 arrel
w^rks of the Carnegie Steel Company
near Sharon. Us resumption.
for April U on a 75 per cent, basis,
was canceled, but since then one fur
TT* has boen blown in. The largest
group of workers thrown Into Idleness
I* railroad men on coal carrylng lines.
Their number Is several thousand.
Now for a little background which
will help the reader In ocmprehendlng
the fight. The coal of this i vldnlty
comes from what Is known as the Pitt*
burgh vein?seven feet th,5*' ?My *?
mine, unmixed with slate, high In gas
contont, the perfect coking ooal coke
being the carbon left ^r.he,?
are driven off by Intense heat. Cokea
the residue. It is essentia to the
manufacture of steel, and the best coke
comes from Fayette county. -
ders West Virginia southeast of Pitts
burgh and is Just east of the Mononga
hola River. _
Roughly speaking, all the coal fields
on the west bank of the Monongahela
Klver are unionised and are on strike,
and all the coal fields along the east
bank were non-union and were not sup
posed to strike. Their doing what they
were not supposed to do accounts for
the worry of the steel makers. The
Monongahela River is canalUed, with
locks and everything. Tipples of the
river mines are right at the river's edro,
discharging coal Into bargee. Trans
portation In th<) rhe*u>cst In '!>? I tiH'-'l
States and, year* ago, becausa of tfea
advantages?perfect coal, cheap trans
portation and proximity to the steal
works?the steel manufacturers bought
up the fields .along the river. They are
as Important to the steel manufacturer
ay the farmer's forty acres aro to the
farmer. Some of the companies make
coke right In the fields and some trans
port the coal to their ooke furnaces
nearer the mills.
The east bank. Fayette county, was
non-union, as has been aald. It has
never been anythrlng' else. The non
union wage scale has been lpwer than
the union, but because of steadier em
ployment, due to the steady demand from
the steel mills, as against winter months
of Idleness for the union miner, because
his coal largely goes to 'the great lakes,
which are closed in winter, the annual
earnings of the steel companies' non
union miners were higher than those of
their union brethren. There were excep
tions, but this was the general rule.
Within tho last year the Hteel slump
hit the miner, so that his carntngs fell.
At the same time the steel companies
out the scale. The United States Steel
Corporation, foster parent of tho Frick
and othef coke companies, reduced Its
miners 20 per cent, and then made a sec
ond cut of 10 per cent. These were the
cuts throughout the whole steel corpora
tion establishment
The United Mine Workers knew that
many of the non-union men were dis
satisfied under the new scale, and they
set about increasing and capitalizing
tiiis dissatisfaction. The United Mine
Workers knew that they wero going on
strike this spring. Heretofore their
failure to pull out these same non-union
miners had helped to prevent the strikes
from attaining complete success. This
year their big play is to snuff out pro
duction In the non-union fields and bring
the Philistines Into the union.
The chief Instrument to this end Is
"Bill" Feeney, 'and his methods are
those he learned from W. Z. Foster,
leader of the steel strike of 1919. Feeney
lives In the State, was formerly a mem
ber of the Legislature and worked under
Foster In the steel strike at Monessen
and Charlerol.
At that time Feeney argued that the
best way to unionize the steel corpora
tion was to start with the coal miners.
As an international organizer for the
United Mine Workers he is now testing
his theory. He began by fooling the
operators?that Vs, he planted union men
In all the big mines along the Monon
gahela River. Now, In other strike
years it has been customary for union
miners to drift into the non-union mines
for no purpose except to make a living.
They are known as "union scabs." This
years, with a union strike ooming on.
non-union operators began early in the
spring to produce coal at a tremendous
rate, for they knew the demand would
be great. They needed every man they
could lay their hands on, and were not
as careful as usual in the selection.
Some of the union men were recognized
as such, but were taken to be merely the
usual "union scabs" beating It away
from the fields where a strike and idle
ness were certain.
But, as now develops, the- "union
scabs" proved to be picked union mis
sionaries?jacked by Bill Feeney and his
fellow strategists of the union mine
workers to make converts In the non
union mines.
They were specially enjoined to get
the confidence of the leaders of the for
eign miners, each national group of
whom have a man in every mine to
whom they look for guidance. In many
case? they did this and preached union
Ism and discontent. Then Feeney did
nnother clever thing. The.United Mine
Workers' strike was oallecf for April 1.
Did he try to pull out the non-union men
on that day 7 H? did not. April 1 passed
and the non-union mines lost not a man
This gave the operators a false sense of
security. The idea was to have them
relax their vigilance and the Idea
worked.
The operators felt sure on April 1 and
2 that the danger of a non-union strike
was over. Then April 3 came and from
every mine Into which a "union scab"
had gone he now marched forth. In
strike, with his troop of converts after
him.
That is the story of how this aston
ishing thing, the strike in Fayette coun
ty. started. The steel companies were
caught with their guard down. They
have now Jumped back Into fighting
posture, and they believe that they have
not come to life too late. For ten days
the union assault captured mine after
mine. It spread from River East to
Oonnellsville, and the main drive has
been against the largest Frlrk opera
tions, the Lieisenring mines Nos. 1, 2
and 3, and the Trotter mine. These
were reported at ono time to have
fallen, but the fact is that while No. 1
is closed. No. 2 Is working almost to
capacity. No. 3 is only twenty per cent,
down and Trotter Is only slightly af
fected. Since Easter the union drive
has slowed down. For the prrsent the
operators have adopted an attitude of
patience.
Within the next ten days their pro
gram for smashing the drive and re
open wig the closed mines will take shape.
Meanwhile, all of the many Prick mines
along the banks of the Monongahela
River are closed, except Dllworth.
In the whole of Fayette county 130
mines are "down," but the miners have
little money saved, and the union under
whose Influence they have come out
cannot pay strike benefits this year.
The operators count time as working In
their favor; the union leaders believe
that within the next few weeks the
country will be subjected to such hard
ship because of the strike that the Gov
ernment will step In to end It. ,
"WIDS," INC., IN TROUBLE.
Insolvency Petition Filed Against
? Film Distributor.
An Involuntary petition In bankruptcy,
was filed yesterday against Wld Gun
ning, Inc., operators and distributors of
motion pictures with offices In 1540
Broadway, by three petitioners. Ac
cording to papers filed in the United
States District Court, an estimate of lia
bilities is placed ,at $100,000 and assets
are stated as not more than $5,000.
The three petitioning creditors and
their claims are: The Chalmers Pub
lishing Company, $9,327 ; the Exhibitors'
Herald, $7,647, and the Exhibitors'
World, $1,097. Zalkin & Cohen of 49
Chambers street represent the creditors.
MASS ARRANGED FOR WRITERS.
Feast of St. John to Be Celebrated
May 6 In Cathedral.
To celebrate the feast of St. John,
patron saint of writers, which falls on
May 6, the Catholic Writers Guild has
arranged for a high mass in the Lady
Chapel of St. Patrick's Cathedral at
noon of that day.
The celebrant will be the Rev. J. J.
Wynne, S. J.; the sermon will b?
preached by the Rev. William F. Mc
Glnnls, D. D., LL. D.. president of the
International Catholic Truth Society,
and the most Rev. Patrick J. Hayes,
Archbishop of New York, will be pres
ent on his throne.
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More than all else, the one thing that
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