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aSSSSSSSSSSSS...*. .... I I ?rr 1N SENATE. Tuesday, March 14, 1848. The Sonata proceeded to consider the amendment# re ported by the Committee of Finance to the bill to supply the deficiencies in the appropriation*. In regard to the first umendment, being for expenses of loans and Treasury note, $5,000? Mr. HALE desired to know of the chairman of the Com mittee on Finance whether the amendment contemplated mak ing any compensation to salaried officers of the Government for signing Treasury notes; for, if so, he should be oppiised to it; and moved a proviso that ?6 part of said sum shall goto any regular salaried officer for signing or issuing Treasury notes. Mr. ATHERTON agreed to such a modification ; and the questiou was taken on the amendment as amended, and agreed to. t The second amendment, appropriating $12,000 for compen sation to such additional clerks as the (Secretary of the Treas ury might see tit tempoiarily to employ, together with an appropriation of $20,000 for contingent expenses of the Senate, was adopted ; when Mr. MANGIJM requested that the chairman of the Com . miltee of Finance would allow the hill to be passed over in formally, in order that the Senate might proceed to the con sideration of Executive business. Mr. ATHEKTON asseuted, and the Senate went into ^ Executive sctsion, and remained therein a short period. When the doors were opened? Mr. BENTON moved further to amend the bill by striking out the item allowing a charge to the Papal States and in serting " minister plenipotentiary," and to increase the ap propriation from $22,000 to $31,000. Mr. B. made some lemarks in support of his amendment. Mr. CASS expressed an opinion that the amendment would lead to debate of a protracted character, and asked that the Senate would oblige him by passing the bill over intormally, so as to allow him to procced with the ten regiment bill. Mr. WEBSTER hoped there might be no further debate on the ten regiment bill until a certain matter then pending in Executive session had been disposed of, a6, until that was decided, such discussion would be improper. Mr. CASS could not understand how any question in Ex ? ecutive session could have any thing to do with the army bill. It was well known that a person would be sent to Mexico with the treaty that had just been passed, but that ought not to prevent us from being prepared in case of rejection or fail ure. Mr. C. alluded to the well-known instability of Mexi can institutions, and he therefore thought we should leave uothing undone that might have a tendency to cause Mexico to ratify the Treaty, and declared his belief that if this were sent with the Treaty it would lead to a speedy confirmation. Mr. DOUGLASS would inquire of Mr. Cass what treaty he was speaking about. Mr. CASS was opposed to any mysticism about the mat ter ; it appeared that things were quite -as well understood out of doors as in the Senate. Mr. BERRIEN moved to go into the consideration of Ex ecutive business, hut withdrew it to allow Mr. CRITTENDEN to make a motion to appoint Mr. Hixxtiii* chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations to fill the place of Mr. Sevieu ; which was agreed to. Mr. C. then rnovej that the Chair fill the vacancy, which was agreed to ; and Mr. Ma.sox was appointed by the Pre siding Officer. Mr. ATHERTON would have no objection that the bill to supply deficiencies should be passed over informally to al low the ten regiment bill to be taken up, but should be unwil ling that it should give place to any other motion ; but if the b:!l should bo now passed over, he should feel compelled to call it up tomorrow during the morning hour. Mr. BERRIEN then renewed his motion, which was agreed to ; and the Senate proceeded to the consideration of Executive business, and remained therein until a late hour. When the doors were re-opened, the Senate adjourned. Thursday, March 16, 1848. Mr. ATHERTON moved to proceed to the consideration of the bill making appropriations to supply deficiencies, &c.; which motion was agieed to. The amendment [tending being that offered by Mr. Benton to substitute a minister plenipotentiary to the papal dominions nstead of a charge? Mr. BEN I'ON explained the object of hisamendment, which was to give to the Papal States a legation of the most elevated character. The minister might in fact be charged with duties to other Italian Stales. Mr. BADCiER. I have myself been unable to seo any ne cessity for establishing either a chargi'ship or a full mission to the Papal Slates. J'he President in his message recommends the establishment of such a mission for two reasons : first, on account of what he calls "recent interesting political events;" and, second, because attention to the comntrce of the country requires it. Now-, with regard to the latter view, for more than seventy years, if wo have any commerce with the Papal States, we have found it adequately protected without having been under the necessity of establishing such a mission. Sir, the com merce of the United Slates with the Papal States must be ve-y small indeed. In fact, it is so small that it has never been the subject of distinct statement, so far as I am uware, in any ac counts that we have had from any of the departments of the Government in regard to our intercourse with foreign nations ; and ihe exports of the United States to the whole of Iialy, in cluding the Papal States, scarcely amount lo one million of dollars a year. We have in the Papal Suit s throe consula. The probability is that (he whole amount of the commercial intercourse of the United Slates with these Slates does not amount to one hundred thousand dollars a year; and it seems to me that, so far as ihe commercial interests of the United Slates are concerned, it would be paying the largest insurance that has been known in commercial dealings, if we incur the expense eilher of a full mission or achargesbip for the purpose of affording some incidental benefit or protection to a com merce not exceeding one hundred thousand dollais a year, al ready under the charge of three American consuls. It seems to me very obvious that thia consideration has very little weight. But what is the other reason assigned by the President ' The recent political events which have taken place in the Papal States under the direction of the present Pope. In what pos sible mode, I ask, do these political events make it necessary that wc should send a minister to Rome ' How are we con nected with these political events ' What influence is it ex pected that oor minister can exercise over these events or the party connected with them ; or, in what way will thia mission, politically considered, be of service to this country or to the Papal States > W hat is the character of these political events which are now in progress at Rome > Nothing has taken place which in the least embraces any alteration in the form of government that has always obtaioed in those States. The present Pope is the same absolute master of his people that all his predecessors in time past have been. He has surrendered none of the absolute powers which adorn and strengthen the Uara which he wear*. He hat erected no barriere agatntt the al>u^ of those powers either by himself or by his successors. He stands now an autocrat, possessed of and exercising a su preme authority over all his subjects, who are absolutely de pendant on him for every privilege they enjoy?for every right which they exercise?for every relaxation which has been ex tended to them from the rigid severity of former days. He is nothing in the world, in comparison with his predecessors, but a good and kind master of his subjects, who are emphatically Ins vassals. He has made no reform i he has made no sur render of any of the principles of arbitrary power { ho has not evinced any dispesition to abridge the limits of bis authority in the slightest degree. The uncontrollable authority of that sceptre which he wields is the same unquestionable and un questioned dominion which haa been exercised by his prede cessors. Now, sir, what on earth can induce us at this lime to establish this mission to the Papal States t Do we expect to sustain his Holiness in pursuing the course which ho has adopted . Do we intend to extend to him our countenance and support > Why, in that point of view, I think it may be wrioouv queaiioned whether we do not greatly over estimate the position which we occupy, and whether his Holiness will consider himself at all obliged by our countenance and support. w?y. 'hen, is this mission to benefit this country > There is no commerce to be protected?none at least that has not always been amply protected by the consuls of the United States in the Papal dominions. There is nothing in the world in the present political condition of Rome which makes such a mission of the slightest importance to us or to her, consid ered in regard to those political relatione which may subsist l>etween us and her as two independent States. Wtll, that l>eing so, is not the Uriited Slates now commencing, in Ihe establishment of this mission, a system to which we have been heretofore entire atrangers * Is not this mission, in the view > n which I have presented, merely a religious mission on tne part of the United States to the first Bi hop of Europe > /ertain y it j?, ?ir. Although his Holiness is not only the rs i op, the universal bead of the Roman Catholic Church, >u annexes to thai the character of a secular prince, it must always be recollected that the Papal States are but the nppati ? ii episcop?| see, for the purpose of giving support and dignity to his religious character and office. It is as a spiritual ruler that he ex.rc.se. his influence over bi. dominions. As a secular prince, simply and merely, he would .Si* ^at governs, h i. ihe uni Jf. B,,h?P *Vburch ,h* ru'** in the Papal Sates. His counsellors are the principal bishops, priest., and deacon, of Chnrtendom. His minister, are prie.,. , hi. ambassadors are priests. The whole machineiy, control, and direction of his Government stamp it as being in every r^>ect . ^iri.u.l dominion. Now, I a.'mit that that coneideraiion would fur nish no reaaon why the proposed mission should not be estab lished, if there were any great interests of the people of this wontry to be protected, or any great object connected with their wel&rt lo be achieved by it. But, so far as I am .ware, there are no audi considerations of policy to be urged in this Tb?* ?? "imply the aending forth of a mission from the "U, 10 'be first Roman Catholic Bishop of the worlJ. n "?ch ? ?"? {or <>???. *m opposed. I wish for oor Roman Catholic ciliseos of this country precisely what we all enjoy?the absolute ami unqualified uot^ion of all our religious rights. They may make tbeuiselv?a dependant upon, or believe themselves to be dependant upon, and to be bound in spiritual submission to, any head of their Church they please, here or elsewhere Hut, rely upon it, the eslub liotnnent of this mission will be considered, by the fe,reut pfo_ testant inteieau of this country, us one undertaken for tl*pur poae of giving a new character to that particular Church of which the Sovereign Pontiff is Uie head. It will be regarded as placing hiui and hia church in this country upon a far dif ferent footing from that which ia occupied by other religious denominations s and it will be felt throughout the extent of thia land that the Government of the Uniud States ha* insti tuted, in reference to this particular church, a proceeding en tirely dissonant fioru ita past p >licy ; and thut it ha* departed in no small degree, from the principles of univer-al toleration and that non-intervcnlion in religious maitcra which the con atituuon has prescribed. When we look, sit, at ihesmall am. unt of the commerce of the UniU <1 States with the Papal Mates ? when we consider the abience of every thing like au elfoit on the part of his Holmes* the Pope to introduce the principles of free government in the Papal States, the ideu will force itself on the minds of all that, were it not for the thousands of foreign Human Catholic voters in the United States, the ellbrta of his Holiness to ameliorate the condition of his subjects would have met with leas sympathy, and the commerce of the Uni ted States with the J'apal States would have attracted less so licitude from the occupant of the* While House. I cannot vote, air, either for the full mission or the charge ship. I regard the establishment of either aa in vol ting a need less expenditure of money, and, il not fraught with mischief, to be at liest altogether useless. Mr. CHITTBNDEN suggested the idea that it might appear discourteous to some other States in Europe to send a full min ister to the Papal dominions while we had contented ourselves with diplomatic agents of leas giade in regard to them. Mr. BENTON. The proponed amendment explains itself: it ia to increase the dignity and importance of the new mis sion to Home?to make it a full instead of a half mis?ion. It is not the value of the commerce with the Papal States which justihes this mission. I believe the Human 'I*iber at present is not much more commercial than the Washington Tiber. LMr. Dix, from his seat, something more.] The Senator Irom New V ork has b. en to Rome, and is well informed of what he sayaj but political not commercial reasons weigh with me in favor of the proposed amendment Rome is now the object of great political interest: Italy itself is exciting great XTm!' nA?f Ail ,he e*tent of Iw'y' ln it8 l"rgpst sense, from the Ciulf of Tarentum to the foot of the Alp*, there are but two diplomatic agents from the United States, and those two at the extremities of the distance?at Turin and Naples. Home is intermediate?is the head of tho Christian world? the former head of the whole world?and now and forever as sociated with grand recollections. A minister plenipotentiary at Kome might be in effect a minister to all Italy?might, if necessary, be directed to communicate with any of the Italian states. As a whole, Italy has commercial as well as political interests ; and the^e interests, I think, would be subserved by the residence of an American minister plenipotentiary at Home. 1 he character of the present Pontiff?the liberal reforms which he is introducing-the spirit of the age, all make it proper, n my opinion, that we should open diplomatic comrnunicaT tions with him, and through a minister of the first grade. Mr. CASS moved that the further consideration of the bill be postponed. Agreed to. Friday, March 17, 1848. J lie following resolution, submitted yesterday by Mr. Clahkf., came up in order: Resolved, That the President of the United States be re <1 nested to transmit to the Senate a copy of " a despatch to the Un,ted States Consul at Monterey, T O. I arkin. E "for! warded in November, 1845, byCapt. Gillespie, of the Ma ine Srwt? bj ,l,e nr 4oriA.briet co,lo<l"y hetwrcn Messrs. HANNEGAN and .. ?? ? resolution was so amended as to leave the matter discretionary with the President, and adopted. THE TEN REGIMENT BILL. _ On motion of Mr. CASS, the Senate proceeded to the con sideration ot the special order. and addrC8aed the Senate at great length against the hill. Mr. WEBSTER followed, also against the bill, and inti mating that he should take occasion, when the loan bill came up next week, to address the Senate on the state of the coun try and the prosecution of the war. When Mr. Whhteh resumed his seat? Mr. JOHNSON, of Louisiana, rose and said it was his intention to have voted tor the bill, but the change of circum stances that had taken place would, in his opinion, render it cTlTT" M?6 Wr'd' ,hcre,?re' ,f ,n ord"' re" commit the bill, with a proviso to the effect that no officer should be appointed un.ler the bill unless it should be ascer wouH n J M H* wa8 of opinion that it m ^ y measure ten minutes. of V?? CAS? ibe" r?,'e *nd ?',,liod at l^n'?lh ,0 ,he arguments of the several Senators that had preceded him. HOUN BSTfiR replied, and was followed by Mr. CAL Mr DAVIS, of Mississippi, acknowledged having receiv ^ 7 M",CO? da,oJ tbe aJ Mmreh. that did not en courage the hoj>e ol peace. He spoke of the incresse of the guerrillas on the road between the city of Mexico and Vera Crux, and that Gen. Santa Anna, so far from contemplating f ^kW*i" a"** 'n recru,t,nK hl" He spoke at some ength chiefly ,,, reply to Mr. Cali.oi x, defending thecourse pursued by the Executive in levying contributions on theene IT* ,rap?ru' &C' Glaring that the Mexicans had their own pr0,eCUo" of our arm-v whe" lbey bad not that of Mr. WESTCOTT followed also in defence of the Presi ' *"d e*pre*nng the opinion that we should be duped hv M",CO' "nd ,ruc ? ?o send trof ps ; that we were no nearer peac<; now than we were at the commencement of the war... The question was then taken on the amendment of Mr. lows ' Lou,""na' and ^cided in the negative as fol CaTl,n??S?rifT"' ?rd**r. B?Mwin, Bell, Butler, ? Clayton, Corwin, Crittenden, Davit, ot . ssachusetts Dayton, Greene, Hale, .lohnson, of Louisiana Underwood, Upham, Web.ie^-ao. ' Eentl, iirn ' Ashley, Atcbi.on, Atherton, Bagby, Di SS. i7'B^,' Ca.mero?. (;a?. ?>?vi.. ofMissisaip RoiS? f-K *? .,)or"i' FeIeh- P oote, Jlanaeran, Si.,^.o'n T ' "?[. f'^frgia, Lew is, Mason, Moor, Nilet. Sturgeon, Turney, Westcott, Yulee?'2S. h Mr. Bl PIjER g,ve it a< jljg opinjon |h>t unlwig t)ie bjl| reverT" ,h" 0ril?inall7 ^ h'm*eif, i? could ,he ?,h" W7; or, if it did, that it would be amend^^e^n conform,ty with his suggestions. eonilort nf ik . , 01 *?me ,cn8th. condemning the Anna.nl i 1dm,nu,r,uon in inviting the return of Santa Anna, and withdrawing the troop, from Gen. Taylor, and iver'bf? hi'0 2?'000 0f ,hp bf,t Mfxican ,rooPH ever brmightinto he field with a force of less than 4,000 men. Mr Do/?rAPM^;, ?nJ,Mr- CLAyTON joined. I i" T followed, and addressed tbe Senate in re minifltrni' n ju?*' defence 04 'he policy of the Ad fmm -In T ""I ym? Ih" lhe withdrawal of the troop, from Gen. Taylor wa. the act of the President, but of Ger to einkin O*80*' ?f ['oui"an"? 'h,,n addressed the Senate the bm re"?n" wou,d influcnce hU TOle ^ ?ra?lLB! ri'E^,next ?dd'e.iwd the Senate, putting interro .'"iTTm" toot? "l,"h "y ?< Mr. BAGBY morad that the Senate adjourn; on which ET *" n*y* WCr? dcmanded and were as BuU^^rcfm^ c& 'c'i'1:1"' ?'"? u* Vq' v>iark, Clay ton, Corwin, Crit Unham, Websterl^i * ' 1 hcll'*' Underwood, .o,k n? O * " Cld?d ,n the "ffirmntive as follows ' bv A"?' A*h,,7* AtoWwn, Atherton, Bag SlhSZM nl^f7: Hrrrr. 1 ?"cr, Cameron, Cass, i).vi., annZ L l'T' L "l ' '>?wns, Feleb Foote NTes^tu^ T ?n'i2r fieorIia. Mason, Moor NAYS mT ,U1T>' ?"?' Yulee CUrke win. Bell, Berrien, Calhoun, YZZ' C0^^,1", (%5r*+ ,)avi?. "f Massachiitetts) ass "uVnJsrwSj^ifr' And then the Senate adjourned. WABAMH AND EHIK canal, INDIANA. piA N AL liKTTI NO.?The underaigned will receive seal Vy ed proposals at Terre Haute, Indiana, on the Slth day of May nex?, tor the construction of Forty Mh n of thr fVabiuh and Erie Canal, extending from Terre Haute to Point Com1 meree, on the west fork of White river. The line will be di vided into seetions about ? half a mile in length, and will em brace the variety of work usually presented on a similar divi sion of Canal? amongst which is one reservoir, a number of j lift-locks, culverts, he , together with the rebuilding of a por tion of the Eel river dsm and the guard-lock connected there with. Payments will be made as the work advanees in par funds. The line to be let will be resdy for inspection by the 15th of : May, and by the 20th of that month the plana, specifications, 1 estimates ot quantities, he. will be exhibited at the Engi neer *s office in Terrr Haute. Dated Terre Haute, 17th Mareh, IHS. CHARLR8 BUTLER, THO H. BLAKE, AUSTIN M. PUETT, Trustees of the Wabash and Erie Canal. mar U wISthasy WASHINGTON. ? Liberty aud VmIou, now aud Iwrever, uue i inseparable." SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1848. WHAT THE OFFICIAL BDITOJt Is PltOIJD Of. We did not expect that our article in Tuesday's paper, on the subject of the Mexican Treaty as it lias passed the Senate, would Uj altogether accept able to the venerable Editor of the government pa- I per. We are not at all surprised, therefore, that he winces at it. We take leave, however, to hint to hirn, that, if lie expects that this Peace is ft> cover up all the unconstitutional acts of the Executive in the commencement and prosecution of this Mexi can War?the electioneering motives in which the policy of War (so much more wisely aud easily to have been shunned than courted) had its root?the furtive preparations lot it by the expeditions by land and water to California nearly a year before it broke out?the clandestine intercourse with Santa Anna which ended in giving 44 aid and comfort" to Mexico by restoring to her her only competeut Ge ! neral?he will find himself entirely out of his reckon | ing. The Treaty of Peace once completed, the Ex ecutive will be held to a rigid account fur its assump lion of powers not belonging to it, as well in be ginning as in prosecuting the war, and for the abuses in the conduct of the war which it has either committed itself or permitted to others ; and, among its usurpations, for that one so pointedly animadverted upon by the eminent Senator from South Carolina in his speech which will be found on our first page to-day. We refer of course to | the assumption of the power, belonging to Congress I by express grant in the Constitution, (and of course ! not to the President,) of laying impost duties and other taxes in a conquered country, and disposing at his pleasure of the proceeds of the same?the col | lection and the disbursement being equally without authority of law. But we took up the pen to-day, not for the pur 1 pose of exposing the unconstitutional action of the President?much less of reviewing the history of the war?but to vindicate the suggestion heretofore thrown out by us that the friends of the war can have no reason to be proud of the Peace, for that no one of the ostensible objects of the war has been accomplished. The Government Editor calls this |44 an extravagant assertion," which nothing but the blindest party spirit" could have made. He very much misunderstands us if he supposes that party spirit had any thing to do with our opposi tion to the war. With our known views of the duty of men and' of nations ; with our reverence for the principles of our Government, for the supremacy of the laws, for the enlightened max ims of policy upon which this Government has been heretofore conducted?and for those require ! ments of honor, justice, and humanity which I compose the law of Nature and of Nations? ; it was impossible for us to regard this war with any other sentiments than those of grief, pain, ! and unteigned distress. Happy, most happy, therefore, are we in the prospect of Peace. But j we are not proud of the Peace; much less are we 1 "proud of the Tfar and proud of the Peace," as , our venerable neighbor declares himself to be. We : should certainly not be proud of the War were we in his place; a war of invasion, undertaken for i objects not one of which, we repeat, has been ac complished. ?I hose objects are on record, and can neither be denied nor repudiated. It will not'do for the Government Editor to say that the war 44 has j covered us with glory," &c. It has covered the j Army with glory, we grant, and we are proud of ; *'ie Army, but not of the Administration. We chal lenge the Government Editor to a comparison of the ! objects for which he and the Administration have, from time to time, declared and proclaimed the in vasion of Mexico to have been undertaken, with the actual results of this War. We have not time to-day to go into the matter ; but a time will come. It is enough at present to say that a leading (if not the only) cause of the war? which began by the inarch of the army to the Rio Grande?was, according to authentic History, the delay of the Mexican Government to allow and pay certain claims of American citizens, amounting, if all found to be judt, to five millions of dollars' more or less. \Y ell: Has the 44 object" of com pelling Mexico to pay these claims been accom plished ? The question almost answers itself. So far trom getting these five millions of dollars to be paid to our 44 long-suffering" citizens, we have spent more than a hundred millions of dollars in the war for this object, and our Government has concluded, on our part, a Treaty to end the War, by which it agrees to pay these claims out of its own Treasury. We know very well that this, though an ostensi ble object, was entirely subordinate to other real objects of the war, which objects the Executive did not avow, except in secret instructions to the Offi ! cers of the Army and Navy ; but which, when ac complished, the President claimed as acquisitions of territory, and recommended not only the permanent occupation of, ? but the addition to by further con quests. Yet the Executive and the Government are now proud of a Peace which retains, indeed, two of the several Provinces of which the permanent occupation was recommended, but for the retention even of these two provinces agrees to pay to Mexi co Fifteen Millions of Dollars. If this is any thing for the Administration or its Editor to be proud of, we should like to know. In conclusion of these hasty remarks we submit to our venerable neighbor and his Democratic friends the following idea of one of their own politics as to the reasons which the Administration has to be proud of this Treihy : mo* THE mw OaLIAXft 44 D * II.T CIMrUT" or XARfN 5. 44 But this 4 Treaty,' concluded by such tit and 4 proper persons, what is it?" 44 Is this the entertainment to which we were in 4 vited ! Is this what the President calls 4 Indemni 4 ty for the past and security for the future V Is 4 this to be the glorious return for toil and battle and 4 victory ? y es, this is all! This is the great pro ject for peace which the President of the United 4 States has submitted to the grave consideration of ? its Senators. If sanctioned, we shall have a peace, ? perhaps ; but by it we shall lose the northern parts' ? of the States of Tamaulipas, Nueva Leon, Coahui 4 la, and Chihuahua, now in our possession, with the ? great military line of the Sierra Madre, which, 4 flanked by the port ofTampico and fortified at its ?only practicable passes of Victoria and Saltillo, ' would have been a strong natural and safe political ? boundary, and will be thrown back upon the Rio ' Grandt,.to engage in ? petty and perpetual 11order 4 warfare. We,shall surrender the Mates of Vera 4 Cruz, Fuebla, Quer*caro, aud Miexuto ; the port* 4 of Acikjjulc'i, Mazatloo, Tauiptco, Tuspan, Alva 4 rado, Tabasco, and the all-importanl port of Vera? 4 Cruz, auid the castle'of San Jiuan ; and we shall) 4 be allowed to retain ihe prov inces olf New Mexico 4 and North Californiai?province* of which Mexict* 4 could never gain possession for a d?y, even weae ? every soldier of t!ie United1 States withdrawn. 4 from the soil. The hunters of the mountains, the 4 fishermen of the I*acific, tlxe .Mormons, and tihe 4 southern branch of the great Oregon emigration 4 have settled the destiny of these territories for 4 ever. For the privilege of making all these- sa 4 crilices and retiring from the contest we undertake 4 to defend Mexico, against tho Indians on henvorth 4 em frontier and to payjier lifiec* millions of dol 4 law t After this display the world can no tamger 4 doubt our generosity. It tnay laugh at our folly. 4 it may turn up its nose in contempt at ou.* mag 4 nifictnt schemcs and innii*nijicxtnt conclusions." CONDITION OF AFFAIRS IN MEXICO. The NewOrleans Delta of the 9th instant, allud ing to the letters and papers brought to that city by the late arrivals from Mexico, says : 44 The very full details of news from every pari 4 of Mexico show that the utmost peace and quietude 4 exist in that country, and give assurance of the 4 favorableness ol the present opportunity to cou 4 summate a peace. There has not been, since her 4 independence, so much order and quiet in Mexico 4 as at this present moment. This war has relieved 4 her of her surplus lire and eombativeness, and 4 taught her the necessity and advantages of peace." The 44 Union" is very indignant that Congress does nothing but talk. It pathetically exclaims: 44 The friends of the Administration in the Senate have been harassed by bitter and. unrelenting at tacks." Poor unoffending gentlemen,-how much are ye to be commiserated Cruel and relent less Whigs, how could ye be so naughty as to say any thing against this most virtuous Administra tion ! Why not promptly grant every thing that is asked, approve every thing that is done, and con fide implicitly in the patriotic and moderate designs of Mr. Polk for the future ? Know ye not that the idea of the Senate being a deliberative body is obsolete; that Progressive Democracy holds it but as an inconvenient machinery, necessary to give the form of laws to the decrees of the President^ Investigation into the conduct or designs of the Exe cutive is resented as moral treason ! The whole scope and spirit of the doctrines advocated -by the Official Journal tend to show the uselessness of either House of Congress, and to inculcate the ex pediency of a Dictatorship. If both Houses of Congress acted upon the doctrines of passive obe dience inculcated by the Court Journal the Prksi dent would be quite as absolute as Napoleon ever was.?Lynchburg Virginian. Mh. ADAMS. I The remains of the Hon. John Qcincy Adams were entombed at Quincy, on Saturday last, with impressive ceremonies, in which his immediate re latives participated. The Boston Transcript, speak ing of the obsequies, says : At the church, in which Mr. Adams has so long been a constant worshipper, the coffin was placed in front of the pul pit, direct'y under a black panel bearing in white letters his own last word*?44 This is the last of earth. Daring the entrance of the procession ? solemn voluntary was plaved upon the organ, and then a funeral hymn was sung by a choir of about fifty ladies and gentlemen. The Rev. Wj 11.1am 1'. List, pastor of the church, next read an appropriate selection from Scripture, and made an affecting prayer. Then came the performance of a beautiful hymn written by Mr. An***, and after that a discourse was delivered by the officiating clergyman from the text 44 Be thou faithful unto death, and I will gi*c thee a crown of life." (Rev. ii, 10.) The se/vices in the church were concluded by the performance of a funeral anthem, and then the body was carried by tho pall-l>earers to the tomb prepared "by Mr. Anixa biimelf. The authorities in attendance and the citi zens composing the procession all panned before the door of the tomb, and thus the ceremonies closed. This vault has a gra nite front, and bears at present only the simple line? J. Q. Apams. A public reception of the Committee of Members of Congress having charge of the remains of Mr. Adams was given by the citizens of Boston on Mon day. Mayor Quincy welcomed them in a brief speech, and addresses were subsequently made by Mr. Tallmadok, of New York; Mr. Morse, of Louisiana; and Mr. Holmes, of South Carolina. The Boston Post states that Gen. Pierce has re signed his commission in the army, and returned to the practice of hi* profession. Hon. Horace Mann has been nominated by the Whigs of the eighth Congressional district of Mas sachusetts to till the vacancy in Congress caused by the death of the Hon, J. Q- Adams. The election is to take place on the 3d of April. New Hampshire Election.?The intelligence from New Hampshire leaves no doubt of the re-elec tion of Jareo W. Williams as Governor of that State, by a majority of from 2,000 to 3,000. The legislature will also be Democratic in both branches. FROM HAVANA. . Don Federico Roncali, Count Alcoy, appointed by the Queen of Spain Governor and Captain Gen eral of the Island of Cuba, arrived at Havana on the 29th ultimo in the Spanish frigate Isabel II. He displaces Don Leopold O'Donnell. The latter issued his valedictory to the people and soldiers, congratulating them on the peacelul, happy, and prosperous condition of the island. He had been four years Captain General. The Qahr*ton Newt of the 3d instant give# the following narrative of the circumstances which led to the recent arreat, in Texaa, of Datulridw lip?*, the alleged murderer of Mr. A. F. Mutr, who has ju?t reached Petersburg (Va.) to stand his trial for that high crime : ?'I'mler the name of Judgr Nltelby he came to Tex**, about a year ago, and stopped at Austin about six months. While here his identity with Epes appears to have been de tected, and information to this ellect was sent to Virginia. I'pon proper evidence, the Governor of that State made a re quisition for him upon the Governor of Texas, which was given in charge to a suitable person, who hss for some time been on the search. Epes having some intimation of hia danger, left Austin last October, and it was not until very lately that his whereabout* was discovered near the Falls of ihe Brasos. The person commissioned for that purpose was promptly furnished with authority by Governor Wood, and succeeded a few daya ago in securing Epes, alias Judge Shelby." ' i ? A Jxaat* VoLrsTKF.n writes from Matamoras to the Tren ton News that the men are much dissatisfied with their condi tion, and dread the idea of remaining there till the aickly art son. Four of hia tompany had deaer'ed?two from Bel videre, one from New Brunswick, and one Pierce from Tren ton. He adda that "six dollars a month and insult and out rage from petty officers are not very great inducements for a poor private to remain long in the service." He givea the following list of prices to ahow that their expenses are enormous i A pound of cheese, 37$ ; blacking, per box, 18 j ; pipeclay to whiten beta, I lb., 50 t butter, per lb., 40 j 3 small her ring, smokad, *6 , 1 blacking brush, 60 * chewing tobacco, I 75; smetkig tobacco, 75 a 100 ; 1 bottle of Jerwy thwa cent ink, *6. THE WHItiS OF PENNSYLVANIA. The Whig Stale Convention of Pennsylvania assembled at Ilarrisborg on Wednesday last, to select a candidate for Canal Commissioner and Se natorial relegates to ihe Whig National Conven tion, and to nominate an Electoral ticket for the eomin^ Presidential campaign. Tlie Convention was largely attended, and its proceedings were characterized by a spirit of har mony and good feeling. Jou.v B Johnston, of Erie county, was chosen President, and the following gentlemen Vice Pre sidents and Secretaries: Vies President*?John Allison, Josiah Rich, \vm. San birni, Robert 'J'. Conrad, J. K- Shoemaker, Jo?iah Kukner, Thomas Fouler, C. K- Shoemaker, David Derrick* m, J. J. Hemphill, Davul Leech, A. Wolvine, \V. J. Vunkuk. Secretariat?J. M. Sullivan, S. W. Pearson, Thomas W. DulReld, J. ]?. Itodgers, J. W. Kerr, J. B. Bell. N>: kr Middles warth, of Union county, was nominated as the candidate of the Whigs for the ofiee of Canal Commissioner ; Wm. F. Johnston, of Armstrong, and Samuel Ball, of Berks, were selected as Senatorial Dele gates io the National Wing Convention. John P. Sanderson, of Lebanon, and Thomas M. T. iMlKknnon, of Washington, were chosen Senatorial Electors of President and Vice Presi dent of the United States; and The following gentlemen were nominated ~as Presidential Electors in the various districts of the State, (embracing all of them cxccpt the 15th and 23d, which are yet vacant:) 1. Joseph G. Clarksou, 1. John P. Wetherill, 3. James" M. Davis, 4. Thomas W. Dutlield, 5. Daniel O. liitner, 6. Joshua Dungan, 7. John D. Steele, 8. John Landis, 9. Joseph K. Schmucker, 10. Charles Snyder, 11. Wm. G. Hurley, 12. Francis Tyler, 13. Henry Johnson, 14. Wtlliain Colder, Sen., 16. Charles W. Fisher,' 17. Andrew O. Curtin, 18. Thomas K. Davidson, 19. Joseph Markle, 20. John Allison, 21. A. W. Loornis, 22. Richard Irvine, 24, Samuel A. I'urvianre. The following resolutions, reported by R..T. Conrad, Esq. from a select committee, received the unanimous sanction of the Convention: Resolved, That the Whigs ?f Pennsylvania cherish with unabated zeal and earruslness all the well-known and long established principles of the Whig party; that those princi ples have been signally vindicated by the lamentable results which have attended their violation ; and that the peace, the prosperity, and the honor of the nation demands union for the sake of the Union in the Whig party, to secure their speedy and permanent rc-establUhmcnt. Resolved, That we firmly ml here to the principle of protec tion embodied in the Tariff of 1842. Resolved, That the Whig candidate for the Presidency, to lie worthy of the support of the Whig party, must be known to be devoted to its principles, willing to become their expo nent and champion, and prepared to carry them faithfully out in the execution of hi* otlicial duties. Resolved, That, cherishing the fullest confidence that the Whig National Convention will nominate a candidate truly devoted to Whig principles, and in every way worthy our sup port, we, in the name of our constituents, pledge him the sup port of the Whigs of Pennsylvania. The Convention, having concluded its business, adjourned with three cheers for the whig cause. WHIG NATIONAL CONVENTION. The New Orleans Bee contains a call for a Pub lic Meeting, signed by about live hundred Whigs., including many of the members of the Legislature, with the view of adopting such measures as will secure to the Whigs of Louisiana, a full and fair representation in the Whig National Convention. In Alabama, too, it is apparent that the resolu tion of the Whig members of the Legislature re pudiating the National Convention, will be itself repudiated by the people. Every Whig paper in the State, with a single exception, is now in favor of sending Delegates to Philadelphia, and public meetings are about to be held for the purpose of appointing them. We are gratified to add that in Tennesskf. and Mississippi likewise the friends of General Taylor are beginning to yield their objections to this mode of organization.?Richmond If'kig. FROM THE RIO DE LA PLATA. Buenos Ayres papers to the 9th of January in-, elusive have been received at New York. ? The legislature of Buenos Ayres commenced its session on the 1st January, and the Packet gives part of the Governor's message. His Excellency, of course, has much to say concerning the interven tion, complimenting the British and condemning the French Governments for the course they have re spectively pursued, but wc do not discover, in the portion of the message given by the Packet, any thing important and new on this subject. Complaint is uttered of a declaration offensive to the South American States, made by the British Government to the Peruvian Charge at London, which the Argentine Government has taken up and against which it has remonstrated in forcible terms ; but wc are not informed in the message wherein the offence consisted. Complaint is made also of 44 reiterated attacks against the rights of the Argentine Republic, com mitted on the Patagonian coasts and the guano isl ands by vessels under the English tlag." [Commercial Advertiser. FROM TEXAS. The latest dates from Austin are to ths 26th ultimo. It was then understood that the Legisla ture would adjourn on the 13th instant. James B. Shaw has been re-elected Comptroller, and James H. Raymond re-elected Treasurer of the State, for the term of two years. The State Democratic Convention assembled in the Representatives llall at the capital on the '21st ultimo. Governor Wood presided. Among other resolutions adopted we find the following: Resolved, That we do not doubt the determination of the present Administration and of the Democratic party to re s|?'ct and maintain the true boundaries of Texas. The imp compiled under the direction of the Secretary of Stat* of the I'nited Slates, and used in the negotiations and legislation on the subject ol annexation, embraces the full limits claimed by us ; and the resolutions of Congress, under which annexation was effected, contemplate the existence of a sufficient quantity of our present territory north of the Missouri compromise line for the formstion of one or more additional Slates, to the erec tion of which the consent of Texas is made necessary by the same resolutions. The Convention also adopted the following : Rem!red. That as Texans we will support for the Presi dency and Vice Presidency of the United States such indivi duals of the Democratic paity as will maintain the federal compromises on the subject of slavery, and maintain the esta blishment of our boundsry, ss defined by the laws of the late republic of Texas. FROM CHINA. The ship Sea Witch has arrived at New York from China, making the passage in the unusually short period of seventy-seven days, believed to be the shortest passage on record. Four of the murderers of the six Englishmen, of whose brtrtal massacre accounts have heretofore been received, had been arrested, convicted of the crime, snd decapitated. A number of others were implicated as participants, and it was believed would share the same fate. 'I*he bodies of the mur dered men had all Iteen restored to their friends. On the 2Vth of December, immediately prior to tha sailing of the Sea Witch, all was quiet, but very aarioos apprehen sions and anxiety were felt for the future. The British steamer Pluto bad committed terrible havoc and slaughter up m the Chinese pirates, destroying many af their and killing a large number of their man. " I wish you would give me that gold rind on youi Anger," eaid a village dandy to a country girl, " fur it reeemMes the duration of my love for yon?it has no end." ?? Excise me, air," aaid ahe, 441 choose to keep it, for it is likewise emble matical of mine for you?it has no beginning." FROM BALTIMORE AN1) THE NO HI H. ~ M Baltimore, March 17?5 P. M. Jr. < n* ?till sojourning with hi* friend, the Hon. HHiarotMiKit Hughes, Many of hid friend* called upon urn iiy, anj were receHred in his peculiarly winning and ana manner. He expressed his thanks cordially to the committee who waited upon him for their kind intentions in desimig a public manifestation of regard, and for uking bim ? g.ve an opportunity t,> tl?e citizens to exchange public cou gratulattons, but regretted thai it would not be in hw power to conip v with a r< quc?t that would give him so much pleasure. H^gemenu mtule ,t aU(olulely neceaMr fo, jJ J ^ U?| aty to morrow morning, and he therefore d^red the com mittee o waure his frier*!, in Baltimore of hi* duo apprecta tion of their kindness towards him, manifested upon the pre " Ul'?" ?the;. an'li occasions; for in no place, he *""***> or these whose kiud "ea; ""I* fnU,U,Bl^ he ,n"? heartily reciprocated, or more gratefully remedied. He has accepted an notation to attend tho anniversary dinner of the Hibernian Society to j-j whit'e^m U '^r 8T" l'*" "f rr'1 wh#4t at ?*? * 13*1 white corn 14 a 4G, yellow do. 47 a 4*; oats 38 a 40 rve itS "a #a75 'l H\ **??? a'?3; M 3tTL i?f. Hr,OVUi0n" WUb0Ut chan?e' cattle 71 ? k ^ ^ 8r0,W avera?? 5 hoB* a 6.50 i lard # 3 a o ccnU. .hif en no.lmr,lcuJar change in the tobacco market J eek. I he receipts ot all kinds continue to be light, and the transactions are not of that character to cause a change of quotations. Whiskey 23A a 24$ cents per gallon. Timothv ? per !on' WodI inactive. Small sales common washed at 29 a 31 cents. the Wt,,ck U"ard were? SI.000 u. 8. 6's 104? ; S-,000 rrfasury G's 102} ; #1,000 Maryland 6's 88 ; jC450 S. OW) s5'"74' '"J 0h"* 11"lr*,d Ihe stodt and produce markets of New York and Phila delphia are pretty much as last reported. i here is no news of the steamer Cambria now due and out nineteen days. A Cast Steel Factory is projected at Jersey city to pursue the process recently invented by Mr. Joseph Dixon. The peculiarities of this process, as we are informed, are the use of the black lead crucibles of the inventor's own make, and anthracite coal instead of coke, which is used exclusively in I Europe, with clay crucibles. Mr. Dixon has also succeeded in making pure iron in masses of any magnitude, a result never before effected. I ho City of Richmond will pay funeral honors to the late Jo tx goiwcr Adams on the 21st instant. A. J. Ciavi, Esq. will pronounce the eulogium on the occasion C. Kixo, Esq. has accepted an invitation from the Corpo ration of Eliza ritiitowx to pronounce a eulogy upon the late J on v l^njtcT Adams, at an early day, of which due notice will be given. YUCATAN. The Indians under arms throughout- the peninsula aro esti mated at forty tuousand, determined to throw off the tyranny of the whites. J ho Spanieh authorities of Havana are giving such support as they can to the whites, sending thither arms and munitions of war. On the 16th ultimo three French vessels of war anchoied in the roadstead of Campcachy. Their object, it is presumed, was to give protection to French residents. I he Arco Iri? of the 1st instant says that an American squadron, consisting of a steam-frigate and three vessels of war, was upon tho point of leaving Vera Cruz for the coast -of Yucatan, to watch the movements of the French and Eng lish, as well as to aid tho whites likewise, in case of necessity. The Indians have evidently the best in the controversy, and unless foreign nations interpose will, drive the whites from the peninsula. LATER FROM VENEZUELA. The barque Venezuela has arrived at Philadelphia from Porto Cabello, and brings dates to the 1st of March. The country was still in a distracted condition, the political crisis entirely suspending business, and causing produce to ar rive slowly from the interior. Gen. Mojcaoas had marched at the head of his forces to the Llanos or plains, where Gtn. Pasz had concentrated an army. A sanguinary battle was daily expected up to the time of the vessel's sailing, and, tlthough the result must be un certain, chanc, s wore thought to incline to the side of Paez, from his personal reputation and exj*rience in military allkirs. Gen. H. A. 8. Daabboh* was on Monday last re-elected Mayor of the city of Roxbury, in Massachusetts. Some excitement has been created in Portsmouth (N. H. ? in consequence of the erasure, by the Locofoco Selectmen, of the names of fifteen legal voters from the check list, and the insertion of the names of seventy others, some of whom are * said to be paupers, aliens, minors, and strangers. Captdbb or a St-i'PosKo StAvan.?The U. S. schooner ? On-ka-hy-e, Lieut. Ukrrtman, which arrived at Norfolk a few days ago from Rio de Janeiro, captured, on the 23d Janu- * ary, a short distance from the harbor of Rio de Janeiro, tho barque Laurens, of Sag Harbor, (whaler,) bound to the coast of Africa, on suspicion of having ber n sold to go in the slave trade. She cleared for Datavia with no cargo except 51,000 gallons of water and *20,(100 in specie. A prize crew was placed on board the vessel to take her to the United States. Capt. Cook and a negro were sent home in the vessel. Com moimirk Bhh.le?We have great pleasure in an nouncing the return to Philadelphia of our distinguished fellow citizen, Commodore Bidblb, after a long and adventurous voyage round the world. Our readers will remember the ex pedition of Commodore Biddle to Ja|>an, in the interesting but ineffectual attempt to ojien commercial relations with that jealous empire; and his viait to California, at a period not the least critical, perhaps, in the history of its conquest. These and other features have given additional interest to a voyage of circumnavigation which will be long remembered in con nexion with the name of our gallant townsman. ' [ North A mrrican. The Planing Mill at Providence (R. I.) was consumed by fire on Friday evening, occasioning a loss of $12,000. A WRtinnc [? vitatio* a Cksti ?t Si*c?.?The Phila delphia I<edger ssys it has seen the original of the following curious paper. It shows how they managed hymeneul pre parations in the olden time : , . . " My sweetheart as well as myself desire (if it may suit thy convenience and freedom) that lliou wilt favor us with thy com pany st our marr age, which is attended to he at Burlington the 4th of next month. 1 am thv rcspectful friend AAHON AStuiaiUUE. 20.000 IMPORTED KKKNCH OK * HE ROOTS, At Ihe Aurtinn S.'ore of H. W. Dyer. The subscriber has received and offers for sale twenty-three different Win.Is of the rerv choicest and best (iK \PE VINE ROOTS, from Ihe best nurseries hi I ranee. They arc in fine order, and 1 will guarantee them to he such as I represent them to be, for which I have in rav possession certificates of the highest authority in Prince, endorsed by the United States Minister in Paris. 3'he collection consiitsof Chasselas, Frankental, Raisin de la Palestine, (iroi (.siui-rde Canlai, Malaga, Muscat, Perle Blanche, Cortmhous, Pinau, Chadenet, Mori I loo, (lame Plant de C te d'Or, Daunts, Uoudales, Plant de Juillet, kc. ' Mr. Pirnnr l?eg? leave to state, that alter ten years 'of ex perience and study of ihe climate and soil ot the United States? nr.ncq.allv the Slate of Virginia, having been a resi dent in ihis Sta'e for the last eight y.-ars?and having devoted all this time to ihe cultivation of the grape vine, the result of his experience is that this branch of agriculture ia infallible in that State, If properly cultivated. He has in his selection ?T the grajie root had reference to the soil ot the United State-. suitable tor rioh ground, poor high laud, and gardena. Mr! P. will give lull instructions to (.urch.sera for the nl-Antinr and cultivation of the grape. R. W. OYr.R m*r ,s?<1,w [Unionj Auct. and Com. Merchant. 4 UMinnSTRATOK^ M? TIC il. *irrn I have taken le ters ot adnainiatration noon the estate ot M as Sally Crook, Ute of this county. Having ?rt Sk erC' \mm d,Wribut* Sanir .0 lUt native ot England, and 1 believe cme fh.m alirj^'r ^7te"'?i" - m.r ?_pn \V.tiu?u?. Mi: **? CO?*Om?BAI,TH OP - . * Treatise on the Popular Progress ... ^"ghsh History, by John ParaMr. Edited by Rev. John . - iowlea. Illustrated with nine portraits Price, in one l?T.^T0M:OLUmel ^ ?L75- A "PP'? rrceired Irom the pnhlithera Vy r. faMNHAM, m<u" Cwrair tlta street sad Penn. avenue.