Newspaper Page Text
THE MA I) I SON I AN WAMHCfOa CITY. | TUESDAY KVKNINO, MARCH IH. 1B15. J IN THOSE THINGS WHICH ill IIIMTUL LET THEEE ' B UNIT*?IN nun-ESSENTIALS, LIEEETI , ENLr IN ILL 1 things i habit*.?Aufiuttn | km i. a .. ~ -r--- ?- _ tm | THE CABINET, Ac. , The symptoms of dissatisfaction id one or two quarters at the compoaitiou of the Cahiuet, j hsveeotitely subsided and disappeared. We <1 do not believe that other men would have given t greater satisfaction. They are all known to be 1 able and distinguished Republicans. Hut (he present was not the tune, uuuer any circumstances, to object to the Cabinet. Tbey should be tried tiral?judged by their acta?and then approved or condemned as justice might dictate. And (his it ts no doubt the lolentiou of ihe party and the country to do. In regard to the proscripiive policy which was urged by a few partisan journals, it is quite apparent that the President's refusal to adopt such advice, is very geuerally acquiesced in and approved by those who voted for him. None, c of the comparatively lew who have been disap- c pointed in their expectations, and uioei of whom no doubt deserve to be disappointed, would be able, if they were so disposed, to induce any con-iderable number of their friends to erabailt in a hostile enterprise against theAdniinislration. ti,. i.,. .1..,,... ?r... i_i and not merely for apoils. We doubt whether auy leader of anv note could be induced to engage in a crusade against the President for declining to make a required number of removals. It would be a strange spectacle indeed, to see a Republican statesman, agreeing in principle with the PresiJent, and yet warring against htm because he will not dabble in such little matters as the opinions of the small incumbents of small offices. Such a statesman would hardly die for his principles! ANNEXATION OF TEXAS. We commence to-day the publication of the speech of Senator Dickinson, of New York, in favor of the Joint Resolution from the House of Representatives?a speech which will long re- f duuad to the honor of its author, who, it will be ? remembered, incurred the ire of the New York ,, Evening Post, for certain imputed heretical doc- ii tnnes, when the result proved fiis accuser* to be j the heretic*. In regard to the relative merit* of the Joint Resolution and the amendment of Mr. Ilentoo, J we believe that with the eiception of the Even t ing Post, and one or two other heterodox prints, 1 the journal* of the country with great unanim- J ity, take it for granted that the Amendment will c not be resorted to by the Executive unless the Joint Resolution should fail. Out of Congress k there does not seem to be the semblance of op- e position to the House measure, nor any partv 1 whatever in favor of the amendment of the i Senate. Indeed the amendment amounted to 1 nothing; for the Executive can negotiate wnh- J out asking the permission of the Senate, and d the requisite appropriation for the expense of 1 negotiation could be made afterwards, as well as J beforehand. Therefore we regard the Amend- i ment as a mere salvo, intended merely to satisfy f the whim of two or three gentlemen, and to a enable them to retreat from false positions with o something like grace. THE KILKENNY CAT FIGHT. Yesterday we published several extracts from the New York Courier &. Enquirer, denunciatory of certain Whig-Abolition movements, in which the New Yoik Tribune was roughly handled. Below we give a portion of the Tribune'a reply: " But the Courier must orag Mr. City into this controversy, and accuse those Whigs who oppose the extension of slavery with combining to defeat bu (lection ! To all of this trash that is personal, we hate very little to say. The public know whether our exertions throughout the late Presidential struggle were calculated to aid or to defeat Mr. Clay's elec ion? From the day of the nomination of Mr. Clay at Baltimore to the close of the contest, we gave scarcely a wakeful hour or a thought to any thing el?e than the ' canvass. That we failed to promote the Whig cause , may be; but that we did not try lo aid it, he must be a foolish liar who would assert. That our efforts were leas propitious to Mr. Clay's success than Col. Webb's absence from the country, we do not deny; but when each did his best, why should either find ( fault V We think all the parties to this controversy c are right, and that all of the editors richly deserve the lashings they bestow upon each other, u In the meantime the Whig party, as it has been ^ heretofore organized, stands dissolved ! r Mr. Calhoun.?We learn from the Charleston (S. ^ C.) Patriot, of Saturday last, that Mr. Calhoun had arrived in that city, in the Wilmington boat, and appeared in good health and spirits, and that on his reaching the wharf ho was welcomed to the city by a branch of the general Committee of Fifty, who offered him the hospitalities of the city. He took lodgings at the Charleston Hotel, where, in the course of the forenoon, a large number of his fellow-citizens paid their respects to him. At 13 o'clock he was waited on by the Committee of Fifty, together with the City Council, and was addressed by Henry Bailey, Esq., in an appropriate manner, oirering him, in the name of the citizens at large, their congratulations, and the public thanks for the successful manner he had discharged his official duties, since his elevation to the post of Secretary of State under Mr. Tyler's Administration. Mr. Calhoun replied, with equal feeling and felicity, to this deserved compliment, hut declined, from the pressing nature of his domestic engagements, the honor of a public dinner. Mr. Calhoun dined, by particular invitation, with the City Council, and left on the ensuing morning for his residence in Pendleton district. The Hon. Gv.oanc McDurrir. arrived in Charleston, 8. C., on Saturday, the 15th instant, and took lodgings at the Charleston Hotel. rVWe have upon our table the March number of o " Th* luvwmoAToa," a religious, moral, and srien- r tific journal, from the pre** of T. Barnard, Wiih * inginn. A woik of thi* description?vindicating ihc n claim* of the Protestant reformation, though entirely p free from sectarian biaa or bitterneas?will doubtleaa be ' conaidered a valuable acquisition by thoae who take 0 an intereat in atich subject*. 1'a contenta are highly f varied ami interesting, and will command for It a ' wide circulation. o An Knglish traveller aaya the ladie* of Saiony ate ' modela of indu*try?at all time*, and under all cir- 41 cumatancea, they are either knitting, or employed at (' needle work, even at the theatre* and place* of pub l' lie amusement. h (o Fivt Lira* to Borrow.?On the 1st of April next, h there will he five daily line* between Philadelphia and '' New York ami Boat on, via 8toningt..n, Norwich, New h Haven, I/ong l?l*nd Rail-road, and a daily e*it*ide line to Providence, which will reduce fare* lower ih*n ^ ever before was known. " ?V / rv?m tkt Emporium and Tntt .lewruun. JOHN TYLKK. Tha adunuMiraiiou of Julin Tyler u Dour cloned It la now lite U?k of the hialorian, and not f the politician, to ftive It a character Jt suit be judged ?jr lU luraauiea General riluiieralioii, and inalatoeut aaperaion* can no longer atfecl ita regulation.? | liv uimniiil J aiiUULa Ol JireiCIIUCU UlCIIOS U[ I C I f 11 e#e foe?, are no longer heard lu relation to It. The igbt of another, anil riaing luminal y, command* Ihiir itteolion. Hut declining for awhile to follow the crowd, we iropoee biicdy to review aud enumerate ?ome of the lialiugumlnng evenla dunng Mr Tyler'* dminulra ion, weich luuel forever eatablieli lie feme and entile it to a brilliant page in the lutlory of tin* repubic. A unilortn, ounaialenl, linn advocate of Stale right* iiid democralir principle, Mr lyler, in 1 i~v.fi#, with a arge Uxl? of the democratic party, coudeinued many if the prouuneiil meaauroe of Mr Van Huieu'a aduiiiialrilion. Il la necdlea* here to recapitulate what ueeauree, what deiuoiialralioii* of policy or princilie* ol Mr. Van Uuren. they were which Mr Tyler lieapprovcd 'They at* well kli iwii and remembered I liia licin^i In* poai ion, at the lead ol the Mlale'* rigtil loMrrvative interest* of the country, renouncing no oriuerly held democratic principle or opinion, but irui within thr old land mark* of deiuocracv. and on ward to innovations ol untried expedients, Mr Tyor mi selected by the Harrison convention of lleeuibar, 1*11 lor candidate aa Vice President. That on?eii loo proceeded on the ground that the people liupprovrd of Mr Van Weren't administration, and rilled that It should be changed. 1 bey made no leclaratioo, aa is customary, ol any peculiar priuci ilea or objects. 'I bey contented themselves simply nth a denunciation ol Mr. Van liurrn t administrates, in the most general terms, and called upon ?U laan and pmrtui to rally lor lite country. It ia well known that in several Mates, parties ere organized from among Ibe veleian troops ol he democracy, distinct aud independent in their <tauiialion from the whig party pro|icr. Mr Tyler ras selected ss the exponent of the Slews of these larliea, and aa thru representative on the presiden tal ticket. These parties were bosnle to a na loual >aiik, and conaidered themaelfes especially at the hauipion of blate right* These parties, as Ike retail proved, held the balance ol power in several of he Male*, especially in New York, Pennsylvania, Hew Jersey, Virginia, Georgia and Ohio The prou/iiffmn of these associations, by Ike nomination uj -tfr Tyler, seeurrd Ike election of le'en. Jiarruon Mr. Tyer came in aa the peculiar representative of this porkmi of the democratic party, whom Mr. Van Huren lad alienated and disgusted. They renounced no pinion ? adopted or opposed no whig here-y, and all berithed the determination, aince carried luto elect I) uic rtrrm struggle, lo app ui? me ilit'omili|( ailDinislralion unlj so Ur as ila measures should Iks ileIKKfatlC I he death of General llarnaon made it necesaary or Mr. Tyler to direct the policy and suggest the ueaauiea 01 the administration thus placed lu other t was a duty of vast re- aonaibility. Ilia path was it the outset enrirooed with difficulties. Without mowing what peculiar course General Harrison tended to pursue if he had lived, the whigs left to rfr Clay the dictation of the terms on which Mr. Tyler's administration would receive their ?up|x>rt Vlr.Clay, elated with the success of 1 ~?40, hold, c <nhlent and aspiring, flushed with the amplitude of a sic ory user his old opponents and the whole patronage ol he Governm> n', seemed to act upon the prraumption hat it would be better for the Whigs in 1H41 to hare he Government opposed to them, than for them He irrogintly prescribed lo Mr. Tyler the measures he oust propose. With no delicacy or regard for Mr. Tyler's known opinions and previous history, he de naiided a course from him inconsistent with his long mown principles. No independent, no hontsl man :ould brook this dictation. Mr. Tyler relused to beray his trust He would not lend himself lo the ;ame of Mr.Clay. He resolved at all hazards to mainsin his independence, to conduct the Goiernraent ipon the principles which he had always profes->rd ind maintained; to stand by the Constitution, to b< rue to his own fame, and trust the sequel to Provilence. And now what is the history of the countrv or the last four years > It is a series of civic In impbs?it is a history of splendid achievements? it s one uniform history of gloiious mtasures, advancng the prosperity and happiness of the whole peotie. First in order comes the Ashburton treaty, settling i controversy with our great rival, E igland, whose >ii?M> is uicoi ?9iiu me cinicncr oi me vovern Dent, and establishing the imly doubtful boundary me we had; for that of Oregon we consider does not .dmit of a doubt. Whatever may at the time have ieen said against that treaty, it is now apparent that I is approved by the people as satisfactory to the vhole country. A national bank was, it is now coneded. no avowed object of the Whigs in 1839, when dr. Tyler was nominated; and yet this was the ineaure which Mr. Clay selected, by which to try Mr. 1'yhr's subserviency. He inexorably demanded oi dr. Tyler the le-cf.arter, substantially, of the deunct Bank of the United States, and here Mr. Tyler nade Ins stand. On this subject his position had ieen taken many years previous, and maintained hrough a series of votes and acts as a Senator of Congress, fie refused to stultify and lortify himself, ,nd here Mr Tyler and his associate Democratic riends who elected him in 1840, separated entirely ind forever from the Whig parly proper. Mr. 'I'y cr appealed to the people, and so did his Whig oponents. The people have sustained Mr. Tyler.? There is now a pretty geneial a< quiescence in the leiermination of ihe people, that hereafter no na ional bank is to he resuscitated. Mr. Tyler's veto trangled that monster?it is dead and buiied?and 'ohn Tyler'j f'c/o is iIs epitaph This mighty element ol derangement and currency lisorder removed, irrevocably, hopelessly removed, rotn all influence over the business pursuits of the ountry?the revival of general prosperity commcncd, and without a drawback has continued to this day Tightening each succeeding year. At the same meaorable session of Congress as that of the Bank Veo, the distribution among the States of the land revclue was vetoed, and a TarilT approaching to the evenue standard was adopted, which, though not ntirely satisfactory, yet for the season undoubtedly las quo ted that absorbing and disturbing subject ol ectional controversy. The Chinese Treaty opens to >ur countrymen intercourse with 300,000,0(i0 of ci-1 ilized industrious human beings. This event alone vould have been sufficient glory for one administraion, but crowded as it is, with other great events, he splendor of this achievement is rivalled by that if others. In the history of a nation it is the fortulato prerogative of hut few of its greatest men, to he nstrumeniul in enlarging its territories by any consi lerablo addition thereto. Mr. Tyler is one of those ortunate men who have been instrumental in enlarg ng the boundaries of his country, and of opening to he conquering spread of Anglo-Baxon civilization a lew empire in the West. 'I win brother with Thonas Jefierson in this extension of our limits, his fame vill be identified with that of the Great Father of Jemocraey through all coming time. Yet the diffiultiea which Mr. Tyler has overcome, in accomilishing the annexation of Texas, were far greater ban those wi'h which Mr. JefTerson had to contend n acquiring Louisiana. Mr. JefTerson acquired Ixm tana by a secret Treaty. But the annexation of Texas had to b? defended btfore the people in its own intrinsic merits, and against fear-' ul odds. Now that the worlt is done, the whole ountry will approve its wisdom and rejoice in its re ults. It will stimulate and nourish the industry of j in iiurm in mi u* pursuits. Uommerce, Manufactures, Navigation and Agriculture, will nil feel (he rnpulte that (he acquisition of Tela* will communiate. It enlarge* the home market of the farmer and he atitzan. It will ultimately lead to mote intimate elation* with Menco, from whieh our supply of the ireeiou* metal* i* derired, and give quiet and con not to our Southern border*. It is a glorious chievoment. The acquisition of two new State* to ur confederated Republic, by the admi**inn of Floida and Iowa, is the la*t event which tilled the mea ure of Mr. Tyler * admini*tration. Thi* progress I' our population westward, which the creation of ew rftales indicate*, i* always an evidence of general roapi rity. The sale* of the public land* have near f doubled in 1844 what they were in 1840. Indeed o President ever left the country in a more prosper u* and happy condition than Mr, Tyler leave* it.? 'e.ice, prosperity, and joyou* hopes, irradiate all yc* and all portion* of the country. Mr. Tyler ha* ! emonstratcd the ability of a President to conduct ur Government without tha aid of a party. Ilenre-' srth a President may look loth* whole nation tor hi*1 npport, in defiance of a party, if he anly pursue* the uhlic will and consult* the glory and happiness of s* nation Mr Tyler leave* the chair of atate to i? distinguished successor, without a sigh,and in full ailiilc re that the country i* in ?nfe hand*, ind ttiat is own acta will finally meet the approbation of all iscriminating, hnn*?i ?nd patriotic imnd* W* wish im all pence, tranquillity and enjoyment in hi* r?rement. He ha* the heat guarantee of happiness in 1 le "men ear* em rc-fi." which of i!?e|f t? sufficient ir the repoM of a great mind li SPEECH OF MR. DICKINSON, or NKW YUHJt, ON THJE ANNEXATION Of TEXAS. Delivered in Ike Senate of ike. I mted Stales, February 2*d, 1845. Mr U1CKINS<>N said, be roae to ibediscussion of the (juralion under ciicuuiitances of peculiar embarrassment. Sympathising at all times dreply with the let ling which surrounded liuu, and being aware of the anilely which piouiled with <lie friends of the measure to cloer the debate III which he liberal I y bared that cuiiaideralion could not (ail to add itr inllueiire to thoae which usually alteudrd a tiiat effort upon the floor of the Senate The Senators lioiu New Yolk had, howrsei, been called upon in debate to respond to lutcrmgaioiies, and luleiidlug tu act up to hut responsibilities, he deemed it both propel and necessary tu declare tiaiikly hia sentiments, which he would do lu as brief a manner as possible I He regarded it as a question Iraughl With consequences of higher import lor weal or wo than any which had ansen in his liuir one which had hem , lolly and delitierately discussed aud considered by the peo| le and their representatives In Its discusetnn he ?hould pursue the course which lie had ongi ' It*11 v mtilt. j <>ut , lor although mucli lie had intruded 1.1 !v Ilid Urn ?aid by others, it ?? questionable in I till wind whether it would aid or coniuar biui uiuat. Hi* order if arrangement dm somewhat dill, mil I I out any which had Horn presented, and be hoped to nig.- ?< me sigumeuu in favor of lite in a<ure which 1 had not been tielore lb? Senate. Tbe question (tending bein^ upon the indefinite I fioatponeairnl of tbe rcsnlut nils thus disposing ol j the wbole matter?be ebould addre>a himself entirely I III tbe main question, and reserve ail discussion ae hi delalla until that question had been disposed of, and di.tioel propoenioiia ahould be pieeented | Tbe debate bad already lakeu an extended range. Almoei every page of natioual or international law extant bad betti intiodoced ; and the Capitol bad re ounded with paeHige# front V'aiiel arid Grotiue, 1'uffriidort and iiuilemaque, Biackslune and Marten, and Kent and Story, to fortify or ronfute poaitiona which bad been taken. Tbe currcul uf blatoiy bad beeu followed, until loel aimd tbr inula and shadows of tradition, fable, with her playful illuatrationa, bad been uiade 10 perform her service j and the Pantheon of mythology, with her grotesque images, bad beeu Unfolded. iiow meagre, then, (said Mr. D.) must be tbe re wald of Inni who glraue where eucb bauds bave gathered the abundant harveat. Tbe view, however, which be proposed to lake, was rnaiuly of a mora popular character ; brf ire proceeding to which be would briefly respond to the interrogatory, somewhat significantly proposed by the Senator from Louisiana, (Mr. Barrow,) and repeated with emphasis by the Senator fiom Connecticut. (Mr. Huntington,) touching the poeition of New York upon this question?whether it was there an issue at the late lection, and what were the opinions of her present cfuef magistrate, late a diaunguial ed member of this bodyl Mr. D. said his acknowledgments were due to the honorable Senators for the opportunity they bad all riled him of|decLiiiig the true poeiiioo of the Stale which he in part had the honor 10 represent. He had not chanced to meet the distinguished individual, who?e i.piijions seemed lobe sought, since ihe question sio.e si tbe last sesi-ion, and Lad thrrrfue no meai e of knowing his sentiments, except so far as n pott til through the public press from hi* public addresses. And from such publications he learned, that though opposed to the details of the treaty submitle I at the last ae.sion, yet he was in favor of an neialton, upon such term* and conditions as would atiafy his judgment, lie (Mr. L).) was not advord what paiiiculai plan was preferred, nor waa it pioha ble that the people of hi - State, in aelecing a local chief magistrate in tybom they had confidence, had regard to his Opinions, if known, Upon the details of a measure with which he could hare no official connection or relation. But while he did not pretend that the mere details of any plan were determined by the'reault of the lale election in that Slate, he was conlid nt hia resiect. d colleague w. ulJ bear hiui wit nesa that the geneial question of annexation constituted one of ih? main tasues which were there tried and dee ded by the jieople. T .'re were two mighty armies ranged and msrahi .U under the names of their distinguish.d chain11, na truggling for mastery, as if for life, in the g eat t ulle of the age. Our respected opponents, ir te to .heir instincta, early placed this question in h. foreground, and took up the issue upon which we met, we fought, we conquered. At their tremendous gatherings, the banner which displayed the lone star waa robed in mourning; the ha|less girl, who was fated to represent this neighboring sitter, waa clad in aable habiliments ; their processiotia marched with fuueral tread, and their orators discoursed in tremulous voices and lugubrious tones of the blighting influences wmch wuuld one day be shed from that baleful star. But with us (said Mr. D.) how changed the picture. On every banner the lone star shone out resplendent. The fairest village maiden, robed in virgin white, and adomtd with chaplelsof flowers, was hailed as the emblem of this youthful sister. Annexitn.n <vos ll? II- -C ' ... ..i? up in cirrj orator, aim was ill yoked in speech and song. It stood out in bold relief from the columns of the press?it rose high upon ihe enthusiastic shouts of the young, and was approvingly debated by venerable and hoary-headed man. Who, then, shall say that in this great trial before the highest earthly tribunal this question was not in issue ? was not decided ? But why recount the history of this wholesome conflict of opinion, which is engraven on the tablet of every heart, and written, as it were, with a pencil of light, upon the histoiy of our country's popular triumphs? Mr. L). said he would, for a few moments, notice the territory proposed to be annexed?its relative location, ila physical and political condition?for the purpose of seeing whether there was any just cause for the alarm and consternation which some seemed to suppose should attend it. It was bounded eastwaidly by two States of this Union?Louisiana and Arkansas; southwardly by the Gulf of Mexico; westwardly by the Rio del Norte, extensive deserts, and almost impassable mountains, as significant as if traced, like the decalogue, by the finger of the Almighty ; and northwardly by our Western territory containing, according to Kennedy, its historian, 324,000 square miles. Its soil and climate were descrined by the saine author, as follows: " The soil of Texas presents three distinct natural aspects, by which it is divisible into a corresponding number of regions, or districts: Ihe plain or level, the undulating or rolling, and the mountainous or hilly. ? " The prevailing character of the soil of the level region of Texas is a rich alluvion?singularly free from those accumulations of stagnant water which, combined with a burning sun and exuberant vegetation, render a large proportion of the southern parts of the United States little better than a sickly deser'. The porous cha-acter of the soil, the gradual elevation of the level lands towards the interior, and the general ride of the hank* from the beds of the stream*, preclude the forbiation of swamps to any injurious extent. " The rolling or undulating region forms the largest of the natural divisions of Texas. North and northwest of the level section lying between the Sabine and San Jacinto rivers, the e,..entry undulates towards the Red river. The thickly timbered lands extend quite to the Red river, and as far to the west as a line drawn due north from the heads of the Sabine. A wide helt of rolling and thinly wooded prairie extends westward of this line along the margin of the Red river. " The country rise* in gentle and beautiful undulations above the altuvinl region of the llrnxos, Colorado, and Guadalupe, extending in a northwesteily direction up those rivers, from 150 to 200 miles, as far as the hilly district. Mere is a delightful variety of fertile prairie and valuable woodland, enriched with springs and rivulets of pure and sparkling water, which, like the larger streams, are invariably border ed by wooded ' bottoms.' The undulations often swell at lengthened intervals into eminence of soft acclivity, trnm the summits of which the eye may repose on some of the fairest scenes in nature. " I'he rolling lands between the Guadalupe and Nueces aw,ep towards the northwest, with an eleva- | tion gradually increasing, until they terminate in the high land range at a distance of about 200 miles from the level region of the coast. Timber and water are not so abundant in this section as in the country lying further east, but it atlorda excellent pssturage, and is peculiarly adapted to the raising of all kinds of stock a a a " The mountains are of third and fourth magnitude 1 in point of elevation ; thoae of Han Haha are deemed i the highest. They are clothed with forests of pine, j oak, cedar, and other trees, with a great variety of I shrubbery. Kttens ve valleys of alluvial soil wind throughout the range; most of them susceptible of | irrigation and profitable rultuie. The sides of the mountains themselves, with not few of Iheir <nmniils, are adapted io agriculture Copious and I mpi.l apringa abound in the highlands, *>rtiI T'ng the anil and forming innumerable rivulets, which, gliding with e rapid eurr*at, unite their water*, until they awell into Urge tod bounteous river*, that Matter plenty over the eeutral and western dialiicta of the Brazos and Bexar. Of the table-lands beyond Uie mountains, whicb are said to belieallby and fertile, little i* known, and a till le*e of the northern region, extending to the 43d deg. of north latitude. * e e * " The climate of Tela*, the moel southerly part of which lie* within two degree* and a half of the tropic, i* as varied as the productive equalities of the so.I, and is perhaps, on the whole, auperiur to that of | any other portion of North America. In Tela* proper, It it neither so roid in winter, nor so hot in summer, as in the northeastern section of the United , Stales." Mr. Jefferson, in writing to Mr. Monroe, concerning this country, in 1830, says : "To us the proviii'o ol Texas will he the richest Slate of our Union, wnhool any exception. The southern part will make more sugar than we can con suuie, unil the lied rmer on iU north is the most lus |j uriant country ou earth." ' I And Mr. ('lay, in a speech nude m the aauie year, 1 upon this subjet I, hears testimony as follows : " All accounts concurred in representing Texas to t , be extremely valuable. Its superficial extent was , tliree or four tunes greater than that of Florida.? | Tlie climate was delicious; the soil fertile ; the uiar- t gins of the rivers abounding in live-oak ; and the ? country admitting of easy settlement. It |>ossess?d, | moreover, it he wer e not uiisniloi uie,I, one uf the tinrsl , ports in the Oulf of Mexico. The productions ol | which it was capable were suitable to our wants. ( He would not give Texas fur Florida iu a naked exI change.'' g Her free while population number 140,000, mostly from the United Hlales, besides 'J 1,000 slaves. She t has a I'resideni, Uungieas, courts of justice, institu- g tioos of religion and learning, and ihiriy-five organ- ^ ized counties She has, too, a charier ?f Ireedom, , sealed with the heart's blood of her own gallant sous, i alid witneaaed and approved by all the leading pow- t era of Christendom. t lact us glance (said Mr. I) ) at her |iolillcal his- j torv This countiy now the subject of so much agita , tion, discussion alid c lUleiitluii was discovered by (In i French in 16?5. It was subsequently ceded lo Spam, c and receded lo France in 1H00 It was ceded by | L France lo the United (Slates in lrt03 ; and one of the | i articles of the treaty, solemnly made and ratified, was j c as follows : " The inhabitants of the ceded territory shall a*.1 incoapokatco into the union or thi umtei>|f Stiiii, end admitted at toon as |K>ssible, according to the principle of the Federal Constitution, to the | ? enjoyment of all the rights, advantages and linmuni-1 lies ol cilizeas of the United Ht.iles, and, in the mean ; I time, shall be protected in the free enjoyment of their ) " liberty, property, and the religion which they profest " i c The western boundary of tint ceded territory was I declared at the time t> e the Kio del Norte ; at endence of which we have the concurring testimony ol | 0 Mr. JetTervon, Mr. Pincltney, Mr. Madison, vlr " Monroe, Mr. Adams, General Jackson, and Mr. Clay Mr. John li. Adams, Secretary of Hlale, under the ' administration of Mr. Monroe, in the summer of * 1818, learning that settleu.enia were forming on a portion of this territory, and, as be believed, by some ( " authority of France, or to promote the news or in- '' tereals of that government, sent a special agent j " there, with directions to proceed to the Kio llravo, 1 (now called the Hio del Norte,) and to give warning 1 to the settlers that the territory was within the "llni I led Stales, who would suffer no permanent settlement to | u bt made there under any other auditorily than their own ' | e And he was further directed to manifest "the jur *' prue with which the president has seen possession thus | " taken, without authority from the United States, of a | place within their territorial Unit's, and upon which no's I lawful settlement can be made without their sanction. ' V Mr. i). said he desired to call the attention of the h Senate especially to this article in the treaty of |f-U3, tj as also to the connnctng evidence of the fact that Tex- b as was, after the treaty, regarded as belonging to the 0 Uniied Slates. ol He was thus particular, for the reason that the b justice and morality of favoring annexation in a na- K lional view, had been seriously questioned. He w ouuiu ruucnTur 10 snow 10 iduW who would patient- " ly follow birn through the history of this territory, at 111 whose door lay bad faith and broken covenant*. '* This territory was partially settled in 1803, when 81 it was ceded to us by France; nnd by reference to the article of the treaty just cited, it would be seen 0| | that its inhabitants were entitUd to be admitted into t| the Confederacy as soon as they should have a repre- ( i sentativc population , and in the mean time they were (; | to be protected in the enjoyment of Ihtir liberty, pro- ? perty, and the religion they profe -sed. |? j he residents of this territory, looking at this guar- ,j the parlies to such inatrui ?r>t* were gnilty of a high misdemeanor. Although such rule had no legal application here, he would submit, thai the transfer of !r this people to a foreign govemnu nt, under the cir- !.' rumstances, waa a violation of the aarne spirit of jus- ' tieo in which it was founded, in the sight of Heaven, 'n and an infliction which none hut a lame, apiritleas, " and degraded race would endure. Nor did the inhabitants of Tevns ever f..r a 1,8 mcnt submit to this humiliating transfer Upon the publication of the Spanish treaty, they assembled co in solemn convention, and in language bold, indig- IH nant, and befitting the soi s of revolutionary sires, recited the history of their wrongs, and declared . ?? *- ? " The recent treaty between Spain and the United pr States of America has dissipated an illusion too long ve fondly cherished, and has roused ihe citizens of Teaas from the torpor into which a fancied security had lie lulled them. They have seen themselves, by a con- ga vention to which they were no party, literally aben- as doned to the dominion of the Crown of Spain, and left a prey not only to impositions already intolera- | ble, but to all those exactions which Spanish rapaci I ty is fertile in devising. " The citizens of Texas would have proved them- or selves unworthy i>f the age in which they live?un- /V worthy of their ancestry of the kindred republics of the American continent?could they have hesitated, . in this emergency, as to what course to pursue.? J?' Spurning the felU-is of colonial va?salage disdaining P*' to submit to the most atrocious despotism that ever , disgrared the annals of Kurope- they have resolved, . under the blesemg of God, to be free." This independence she substantially maintained ; for although Spain occasionally made predatory in- I eursions upon her territory with a hostile army, she be never bowed her neck to the degrading vassalage ; fro and when Mexico oalabli-hed her independence, and per suspended--for she never closed her intestine broils spu ? Texas joined the Mexican Confederacy ts a free, our independent, and sovereign Hiate. In 1833 she Imj framed and adopted a Stale constitution, aa the had aen the right to do by the articles of Confederation, and aha ?..? ?mvh.k imj "nc >L no iiiKiani uay 10 en- i tt joy its fruition as a reward for the hardships, dangers and privations of border life, continued to occupy and improve the country ; and the poor and advenlu- fil rous from the United Slates, from the green lulls of 1,1 New Kngland, the Umpire, the Keystone, the young > and fertile West, and chivalrous South, continued to tlock to this territory, under the same hope and ex- bI pectation, until 1819. ,0 Here (Mr. D. said) he would pause to make a : point in the morality as well as the law of the case, chiefly for the ear of those who seemed to suppose ju that the inhabitants of Texas in desiring admission into the Union, and those who were willing to admit u them, were about to commit an act of great national ? wrong. K Hut while they were thus awaiting the happy period when they should he fully restored to the insti- |n tutions of the land of their fathers, and enjoy again the priceless boon of American citixens, a treaty was ^ negotiated by Mr. Adnms, and subsequently perfected, ,| and the territory of Texas, with its inhabitants, with- pa out their knowledge or consent, was ceded to Spain. ?nu inm in me manner in wiucn our brethren in l ex- fl, as have been protected" in the enjoyment of their lib- (jj erty, property and religion ! and admitted to the privi- n| leges of the Union !?transferred, with iheij homes, their families, and all they held dear, to a capricious, t|, weak, and ferocious despotism?alien hi fact and in (u name, in sentiment, in language, in education, in habit, pursuit and religion. ?? This (said Mr. D.J is the history of this territory d< and of this people, in plain Knglish, which has been ac ingeniously glozed over for a quarter of a century, tu to conceal the blunders and the gross injustice by hi which a sentence of national outlawry was attempted th to be enforced. And he desired no better argument m in favor of the justice, expediency, and importance fo of re-annexation, than the fart that every Adminis- ch trution since us cession to Spain, had endeavored to bi regain it at almost any price, But, was this uiihal- of lowed transfer ver binding upon the inhabitants of ar Texas? lie denied that it was. It was fraudulent and void upon those principles of natural and elrrinl th justice which were paramount to all human authori- su ty, and which constituted, according to Vattel, ihe ac foundation of national law. th By a statute of most of the States of ihe Con- ci< federacy, no one could alien real estate of winch an- se other held possession, claiming title. AH Iranshrs, qi nr ftirropmniilu tr? frana t?r uroro rsull ?>-,l - ? J ent her agent to the rentrol government with * re- 1 pact'ul memorial, asking admission under the con 11 tut ion she had Irauicd Iter memorial was ic ' edeJ and her agent (hrowu into prison I In Hit,'), the minialure Nero of the agr, Hints 1 Vnns, rstshlished s central military dictatorship upon 1 he ruins of the Mention tionledei jcy. Tesas reused to acknowledge his authority, and ha abolished i ler local Legislature- Bhe called t coiiseution, 1 rained a piufisioual government, and pledged her 1 ell io stand by the original constitution, aud he sent I in army to subdue her. His ariny was detested, 1 ?a - ' niMifi iiu i nl?-r ui honor, aud uh I'lUI.U, >U.| i?.n_ . ,? - . lei an agreement ou I111 part nul lo oppose further tie constitution of under winch Tele* enterrd he Mexican confederacy. The military despotism continuing to hear *way, n March, IKlh, the people of Tela*, being goaded iet uud endurance by repeated and aggia?ated arongs, circled delegate* 10a convention, who, in the rue ?|JIrit ol the Revolution, recited, in glowing language, the reason* which compelled them to a epilation, and cloned with the following emphatic doilaration of right*: " We, therefore, the delegate*, with plenary powir?, of the people of Teiae, in aolemn convention ineeuibled ap|ie*liiig to a candid wurld for the riecc* iitie* of our cundiiiun, do hereby resolve and declare hat our political connection with ibe Mexican naiuii ha* former ended , and that the people of Tela* lo now commute a FKI.K, SOVEREIGN, and IN JKPKNDKNT RKH'BLIC, and are fully inveeted ?ilh all the righta and attribute* which properly he oog lo independent nation* ; and, con*ctou* of the eclitude of our intantiooa, we feaile?sly and cot.filenlly *0611111 the i*?ue to lha Supreme Arbiter of the leatinie* of nation*." Then came the mon*ler and milit<ry deapot, 8ana Anna, at the head of an army of eight Ihouaand, leclaririg indiscriminate dealh to all who ahould op >o*e hi* progre** or authority. Thi* warof exlermilation wan prosecuted on hi* part againat the devoted P lk._ I_?^.il. I ? -~-\t he luxury ul the Texian revolution, lilrrally writ- y en in blood See your own brave sou* chained, iui irisoued, starved, and wantonly murdered, brcauxi '' hey (ought like their lathers to deleiid their h uieo <1 nd their firesides, their wivea and their children, { gainst the licentiousness, murder, and rapine of a | iloodthirity and mercileaa tyrant, to whoae capricea hey had betn abandoned by a Christian peoi le, who ' ;ave them birth, and had prouuaed, in the face of a nvilized world, to nouriah and inuUcl them. b For the benefit of llioae who had been *o lavish in heir censure of this brave people, and had appaently justified ttye prosecution of the Mencan war. ' le desired attention fur a moment to the execution h >f prisoners at Goliad, after they had surrendered un- e ler written stipulations that they should he treated as iriaonera of war, according to the usage of civilized lations. It was an eitrart of a letter from a Men- v an officer, and might be found in Cease'* History of si I'eias: , " This day, Palm Sunday, March 27, has been to p ma a ilav nf nual hi>arffall lormw At his in the I a norning the execution of four hundred and twelve American prisoners was commenced, and continued ill eight, when the last of the number wai shot. At leveu commenced the operation of burning their ri odien. But what an awful acene did the field pre ent when the prisoner* were executed, arid fell dead i heaps! And what spectator could view it without 81 orrorJ They were all young, the oldest not more " nan thirty, and of fine florid complexions When ri He unfortunate youths were brought to the place of ealh, their lamentations and the appeals which they tiered loheavrn in their own language, with extend I' d ai no, kneeling or proetrate on the earth, were si jch as might hare caused the very stones to cry out C) 1 compassion." j But the same blood which had been poured out 1 Islington and Bunker's Hill, at Saratoga and a' 'orktown, still coursed in other veins?the same e< igh hopes and manly daring?the same acorn of a at rrant's frown and a tyrant's chains, animated the ,, osoms of the brave sons of Texas. They met their ^ ppre?sor at the great tribunal and dtrnur resort ' I nations?the field of strife?once more waged their " atile upon the plains of San Jacinto. Despotism tx as overthrown?liberty triumphed. Santa Anna 'as then the acknowledged dictator and chieftain of lexico, and as such, together with bis generals, he itde, signed, sealed, and delivered a treaty, ai know- I' ilging the inde|>endence of Texas, and containing, ac mong other articles, the following : si. ' Fourth. That the President, (Santa Anna,) in hia " facial cantcilv as chief ol the Mexican nation, and .. le Gtnurals l3on Vincente Filasola, Don Jose Urea, 'on Joaquin Kan in t y Semi, and Don Antonio 1 anna, chief* of armies, do solemnly ackn wledgo, ct taction, and ratify the lull, entire, and perfect indc- it mdstice of the Republic of Texas, with such bountries as are hereafter set torlh and agreed upon for ib same." The independence of Texas has been acknowledg1 by all the leading powers of the earth, and has Iteen contained by In r inviolate for about nine years ; and pi el we are told she is a revolting province subject to to lexico ; and that her independence must stand in ^ [tryance until Mexico shall find leisure and means i reconquer her. And especially are we admonished f the Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Morehead) to lb tstain from any negotiation with Texas until Meli- ce t shall have closed her intestine broils, and be no nger at war with herself. ,n We are urged to square our opinions and our ar- th ons to suit the caprices of this sputtering and fitful tb iveroment?.his turbulent nod fugitive paeilo rrpub- W( c, whose star of liberty twinkles faintly lor a moent upon the horizon's verge, and is then obscured i blood and darkness. pr Its lending spirits and dictators, through its brief istory, had been vihiating between the diadem and ie dungeon, giving lessons in cruelty and blood, and cu illing victims to their own sanguinary code. , rr The Athenians, in tbe capricious treatment of their J{, tiers, ate sat I to have administered the hemlock one \ IV as the penalty of some real or supposed offence, 0f m mo nexi in navp ereneu a Mame 10 commemorate a i e virtues of the deceased. But Mexico, revets,ng pr le ordei ol proceeding*, firit commemorates the vir- ia] tea, and then administer* her penalties. t|, When (said Mr. D.) ahull the vengeance of this ph inguinary god he Hijicaaed or aaied I If Texian in- iu pendente cannot be perfected wiihotit the furiher au knowledgment of Mexico, how ahad ihat lie oh- fol intdl Shall she yet demand that hecatomb* of | iman viciim* he offered tip a* in the days when Cd c proud Arte reveled in the hall* of the Moniezu- ge a*, and the |>eople of her mountain* were thrown i support, like lahmael, upon the cro'sbnw and the ia*< 9 or, can her.negative caprice suspend a nation's rthright, and enslave forever, by the impotence ' her will, a |ieop1c wno have successfully defied her en ms 1 P" Mr. D. said he would inquire whether Texas was tr3 e less an independent government because Mexico *?' llcnly refused to ratify the treaty of her chieftain knowledgtng her independence; and, if so, whether e United States would now be colonial de|ienden- a'' s if Great Britain had chosen to withhold her as- "ei nt to a treaty of peace and sepaiation, but had acn.mmd in both' In Von Marten says: i>el git "A foreign nation, not under any obligation to inrfere, does not ap|>ear to violate it* perfect obligains, nor to deviate from the principle* of neutrality, in adhering in the possessions, (without examining ,|lf lo its legality,) it treata as a sovereign him who is ac- WJ nllv on the throne, and, as an iridejieiident nation, ^ ople who have declared and still maintain them- arJ Ives independent." y And Mr. Webster, as Secretary of State, in his thi rresjKindence with the Mexican Government in ths amja. am "Mexico may have chosen to consider, and ma* II choose to consider Texas as having been lies since 1835, and as still continuing, a rebellious ^ ovinee ; hut the world has been obliged to take a ^ ry different view of the mailer." , "And it must be added, that the Constitution, pub- ?' treaties, and the laws, oblige the President to re- ' rd Texas as an independent State, and its territory no part of the territory of Mexico." But it is asked why Texas should desire to be an- W xed. This could be readily answered. He had the eady shown that, from 1803 to 1819, her citizens are ;ated there upon the faith of the treaty stipulating admit them into the Union. Besides, it was their f her land?the land of their early and sinless years l#|| the home where thry sported in childhood, and sped iously down the stream of time with the gay com aions of life's unclouded morning. Here, in the ^j, I nge churi hyaid rc-t the sacred ashes of their be SI|(| ed dead?here are yet the brethren and sisters ( y , th whom hint "They grew in beauty side hy side." c iVhat State of the Confederacy would consent to dismembered ? What Territory to be shut out m the anticipated privileges of the Union ' What at li iple, born, raised, and educated under the fostering ^,,,1 -it of our institutions under the broad ?gn of laws and entitled to their protection would wil- ln ' [ly forego the privilege \V hai rili jen would con ' t to be expatriated- what child to be disowaedor A indoned ? ocet The Henalur lluut Kentucky, (Mr Mure head,') nil imposing eloquence and figure, grouped 11.. wmly-sii happy (latere of the Cnnhderacy, end laiiniird that their enjoyment ihouid he disturbed by the aduneeiou of this inlrusis* stiaugci But let ue pursue line aptly-suggested illustration little ferlhci The twenty ell sislaia hate esse in ded upon a gala-day at the dear old mansion, In brighten the chain of friendship and uflection--to aid tuif console each other by tfiair counsel, and itrengthen the lies of sympathy which unite th. in We can see, in the mind's eye, so that happy groupe he rosy daughters of New Kngland?the stately Kiiipiri the proud Keystone -the glowing West, ind the sunny IMou'h Hut wl oar is that supplieslug form standing u. us distance?wbo is that daik Iiaued aud childlike sister asking permission to ml round the hearth-stone of her earlier years and .asle again of the joys of home from which her alI'ectlons have never waudrrtd' Hhe is of the value parents born, and craves the protection aud guidance of her sisters ol maimer age?the benefits of die family union. Hut her humble request is not (ranted. Hhe is told by the joyous sisterhood that heir cup of felicity is ovei flowing, aud they fear hei ireaeuce may infuse the poison of jealousy and domestic discontent Hhe is admonished to withdraw, lest she may mar the moral beauty ol the scene we lave just contemplated. She is told to go lorth and mile I alone the tempests of the world , to, withstand is beat she may, its seductions and allurements, its .emulations and its snares Hhe now appeals to the common parent, and shall ler voice he unheeded I Kveu the prodigal sou vhen he rtturned repentant, was hailed with open irma. How much more, then, shall the child he recited who has discharged with fidelity all its dutus ind relations 1 (To kt Continued.J THE FUNERAL or TUB LAIC HOW. ISAAC C. BATES The Committee of Arrtiigenaenta?Measr-. Evans, rlanguiu, Woodbury, Barrow, Hevier, and Cass ; the .all bearer*?Messrs Woodbridge, Huger, Criltenleo, Beaton, Hlurgeon, and Berrien and mourning i lends, attended at Mrs. Wbitweil's, on Capitol llnl, ate the reaidence of the deceased, at eleven o'clock his morning. Meanwhile, a luge concourse of spectators a>ternled in the galleries and lobbies of the Sct.ao . A few minutes before twelve, the Fiesidenl'of the /nlled Sta ee, together with the gentlemen foinung .is Cabinet, aud bis private Hecietary, were conduct u iu aeais on ine ngni 01 me presiding omctr. Al noon, the Committee of arrangement! entered, rearing while scarls, followed by the pall-heart r? imilarly designated, (attended by the hergeam-al run,) who, advancing to the centre of the chamber, laced the Colfio, containing the c rpse, upon a .land overed with a material aa deeply black aa that which ompoaed the funereal pall. This ceremony concluded, they took their seats disctly in front of the deak of the Secretary, when J he Re*. 8. TiaTow arose, and broke the profound lence by reading (lhe| ninetieth Psalm, commencing Lord, thou haat been our dwelling place in all geneitioos." And he addreaaed the throne of gracr, humbly uuloring "Him who temper* the northern blast to the dee of thr tender lamb newly ahorn of ita fleice, to rmfort and heal the heart* which ilia own hand has rerated." The reverend gentleman then delivered a ?hort dm urae on the teit, which he had selected a* appropn ? to the occasion, from the aiitieth chapter of lsaiahf z : "Thy tun shall no more go down ; neither shall y moon withdraw itself; for the Lord (hall be thine lerlasting light, and the days of ihy mourning shall I ended.'' He beautifully, sffectinglv, and eloquently drew a rung contract betwren thu present and inconstant fie and the never-varying existence beyond the ak>, id in u totber and a better world, and in Speaking <f e christian character of bis departed friend, be humbly placed his chaplet on the hal owed urn;" id be frrvently trusted that the dark cloud whi h id settled upon the relatives and friends of the de ated, would be fringed with celestial light, and I ha I would distil showers of consolation to repair tbe eolation which Death had made. The benediction basing been pronounced, the fu r a I moved from the Senate Chamber to the railroad pot, on Pennsylvania avenue, where the b dy was uci-d in a -pedal car, to be transported for interment the place of his late residence, Nortnam|*on. in e Stale of Massachusetts. In the procession were members of the Senate and e House of Representatives, foreign mniHtters, odirs of the Eteculive Departments, and if tbe ariny id navy, citizens and strangers, etc. Mr. Webster, e Senator from Massachusetts, was accompanied by e Hon. Caleb Cushing ; and a son of the deceased slked with the Hon. J. U. Adams. All present could not be otherwise than deeply iincased with the aolemaity of the occasion. Accid?kt ik a Coal Tuknkl.?An explosion ocrred a lew days ago in tbe coal Tunnel, now in prose of cofihlruclion at Bearniounl, at the head of the tar Mountain Kail Road, in Schuylkill county, Pa. heavy blast hsd been prepared at the extreme end the tunnel, some 500 feet into the mountain, when workman by the name of Diebler, incauti?u-ly ap oache'l with a Inshied Inmn i<> L...ir ;? - >i? "..i " ining ihe fire, a spark from the lamp falling upon p train caused an instant expli sion. Dlehlrr Ma* rown nearly lifrlesa against the opposite ?jrlc of the nnel, and u|a>n being brought out wan found to be severely injured as to endanger hia life; there ?aind to be about two hundred wounds, mostly cu'S, "ti Tennt parts ofhia body.?Medical aid was instantly lied, and the sufferer is now considered out of dsnr. Sevcial other workmen were more or less injurhy the accident, but none of them dangerously Oregon.? Oortor White, who was formerly in the iploy of the Methodist mission in Oregon, but at sent the I'" -d States Indian agent for that counr, communicates to his friends in Tompkins county ne interesting farts regarding the new country. The Legislature had rinsed its first session, after ring passed twenty-five acts ; one of which was to obeli the manufacture, importation, or sale of aiat spirits. Or. White speaks favorably of the climate ; he nks the vulley of the Willamette one of the m.?t ilthy, delightful, and promising regions on Ihe i be. PioirtRREOTTrEs.?Our Washington eorrrsponnt in his letter of yesterday makes a long notice of i daguerreotype establishment of Anthony, Fslrds k Co. We dissent,'in a great men?tire, from i encomiums uttered by our correspondent un those ists. No doubt they are very good in their way, I we believe that Mr. Plumbe is without a rival 111 s department of art. The talents and success of it gentleman in taking likenesses by this extraoriary snd interesting process, are well known to We have been no inattentive observers of the igreas of this novel art, and we are free 10 say m what we have, seen and (ersonally examined it Mr. Plumbe, who is now in Washington, snd i an establishment in this city, has succeeded in Huso as to surpass all others in the line in Ihis conn We do nnt apeak ai random. Our Washington respondent it unjust in his eulogus nf Anthony, wards A Co., at the expense of Mr PI nan he, and request him to step into Mr Plumhe's gillery, St ai-hington, and give a lull and t . rreci account of admirable likenesses snd successful hits winch to be seen there.?W. Y. Herald. Iinohi.ar Fatality.?A Britioh aoldier aceideii y fell into the water at Quebec, Canada, a few a aince, when a aentinel walking by, har<li'y at rpted to jet htm out by reaching him the i utt 1 muaket. The drowning man gr??ped the weapon in hia atruggle* it waa riiacharged?the content' which entered the head of the aentinel, and I ' i inatantly. C^The Re*. Dr. Ki t, of Philadelphia, will d*r a diecourae on Wedneaday evening at 7j o'clock he !fth atieet P eahylerinn Church, (the R??. Mr ith'a) hefnre ' The f r. /?*! *??/> mi*K dfaeaty of the great priori plea of tha reformation ha 16th century. ill peraona are invited to ill< rid Prierfre/ orflhe laion.